Chapter 4 roll four weeks ceremony

Emperor Wu of the Han River presented the "Zhou Guan" to the king, and Emperor Wu called it a book that was blasphemy and chaotic in the last days. Only Emperor Taizong of Tang read it at night, thinking it was a true and holy work, saying: "No wells, no feudalism, but if you want to follow the way of Duke Zhou, You can’t get it.” Taizong is the only one who knows this sutra.Liu Xin used it first, Su Chuo used it again, and Wang Anshi used it three times.Weiwen Zhongzi said: "If you are useful to me, stick to it in the past." Cheng Bozi said: "There must be the meaning of "Guanju" and "Linzhi", and then the law of "Zhouguan" can be followed." Confucians who know this scripture , Wang and Cheng are just two sons.

"Han Zhi" calls it "Zhou Guan Jing", and "Preface" says: "Liu Xin began to establish "Zhou Guan Jing", thinking of it as "Zhou Li".However, "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" says: "Zheng Zhongzhuan's "Zhouguan Jing", and Hou Marong wrote "Zhouguan Biography", which was awarded to Zheng Xuan. Xuan wrote "Zhouguan Zhu". "It is still not named "Zhou Li". "Sui Zhi" has been annotated by Ma Rong, and it began to be called "Zhou Guanli". One volume of "Sui Zhi" and "Three Rites Catalogue", written by Zheng Xuan.See today in "Explanation".

Hu Shi of Wufeng said: "In "Zhou Guan", Situ is in charge of the teaching of the state and applies the five canons. Sikong is in charge of the state and the land, living in the four peoples. It is handed down from generation to generation that "Zhou Li" quells Dong Guan, and it is not a que. "Cheng Taizhi said: "Each of the five senses has its own envy number. Heavenly officials are sixty-three, earthly officials are seventy-eight, spring officials are seventy, summer officials are sixty-nine, and autumn officials are sixty-six. .All the work of a hundred craftsmen is attributed to Dongguan, and the number is Zhou." Yu Tingchun wrote "Fufubian", and also said: "The chapters of "Sikong" are mixed from the five sense organs." Jiufeng Cai said: "Zhou Gong Fang Tiao is an official who manages affairs, but he is not as good as the post of teacher and security. The winter official is also missing, the first and last are not prepared, and the book of the Duke of Zhou is also unfinished."

"Kaogongji" may be regarded as a pre-Qin book, but "Book of Rites and Justice" says: "When Xiaowen was looking for "Zhouguan", he didn't see "Dongguan", so he asked the doctor to write "Kaogongji" to supplement it. "Ma Rongyun: "Xiaowu started the road of offering books, and "Zhou Guan" came from the wall of the mountain and rock house." "Preface" says: "Li's last five articles, lost one article in "Shi Guan", take "Kao Gong Ji" to make up." "Six Arts Theory" says: "Six articles in the wall." It is wrong.Prince Wenhui of Qi came to Yongzhou in the town of Yongzhou. Someone stole the tomb of the king of Chu, and obtained bamboo slips, which were compiled with blue silk. They were several points wide and two feet long.There are more than ten bamboo slips to show the piety of the king and the monks.Sengqian said: "It is the text in Kedou's Kaogongji and Zhouguan." The Kedou book was abolished in the Han Dynasty, so "Ji" was not written by a doctor.Yi Shiyun: ""Kao Gong Ji" is not a Zhou book: it says that Zhou people go to the public, but there is a system of catalpa craftsmen; The system of saying flags and flags is not the system of Da Sima, Si Chang, and Jinche. It is not the same as Zhou Dian."

"Ritual Vessels": Three hundred in "Jing Li", Zheng's Note: It is said to be three hundred and sixty officials in "Zhou Li". "Han Zhi": "Book of Rites" three hundred, Chen Zan's note said: "The "Book of Rites" is three hundred, which is the official name. "and also.Zhu Zi Congzan said that "Zhou Li" is a book on the division of officials, and the rituals are included in it, not just for rituals. When Zheng Kangcheng interpreted the scriptures, he confused them with Wei Shu and made them conceived, but the sage's micro-pointing was obscure.Xu's "Wei Yan" said: "There are three errors in Zheng's annotations: "Wang Zhi", a book of Han Confucianism, is now used to explain "Zhou Li", and the first is wrong; "Sima Fa", also about the military system, is now used to prove the land system. The official system of the Han Dynasty all followed the Qin Dynasty, and now the officials of the Han Dynasty are introduced to compare with the officials of the Zhou Dynasty.Xiaozai is the post of the imperial censor of the Han Dynasty. It is wrong to say that Xiaozai is now the prime minister of the censor.Heshan said: "Using the evil laws of the last days to interpret the decrees of the three dynasties, such as using the Han calculation to simulate the state Fu, and using the Mang system to simulate the national uniform."Zhizhai said: Those who regard "Zhou Li" as the book of non-sages are the fault of those who say it.

Zhang Yu wrote about his flattery, Liu Xin wrote about his villainy in "Zhou Guan", just like "Poetry" and "Li".Yu is not enough to tarnish, but Yi Xinzi's "Zhou Guan" is enough?Xishan said: "Xin's Wangtian, Anshi's Spring Mansion, directly stole one or two of them from Gale." Yi's "General Yi" says: "Fushi Xutu, the "Tong Dian" says that there are 63,675 people." Five members, two thousand six hundred and forty-three people inside, and sixty-one thousand and thirty-two people from the outer princes and states.This is the number of officials, not the disciples of Fu Shixu.

Concubines, temples, food, wine, clothes, secondary houses, utensils, and bribes are all led by the tomb slaughter.Mianbian, Cheqi, Zongzhu, Wushi, Divination, and Guyou were all led by Zongbo.This is the method of the Duke of Zhou becoming a king, and the heart and virtue.In Zhou Zhixing, Tenghou was Buzheng, and Lu Ji was Huben.Serving servants, not bandits and gentlemen.With servants on the left and right, they are common and auspicious people.In its decline, there is a communal obsession, women's temple ranks are chaotic, the internal history of the husband, and the family of Ma Shi are interesting, and they are friends with Xi Chong.Zosuoyanya, the son of a private man, was in the dynasty.In the Qin Dynasty, the ministers could not discuss the close ministers; in the Han Dynasty, the Zhong Dynasty was able to suspend foreign courts; in the Tang Dynasty, the Northern Division was trustworthy, and the Southern Division was useless, and it was abolished by the Duke of Zhou.Occasionally, there are those who criticize lucky ministers, such as Shen Tujia; impeach and impeach regular servants, such as Yang Bing;Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was responsible for repairing the north gate of Fang Xuanling, so why did he expect the king's affairs?How can one be good at reading "Zhou Li"!In my dynasty, Zhao Pu built a fumigation cage, and it was also made with the law of having a division; Li Hang was established in the harem, and he was told that the officials were not allowed; carry on.Wufeng said that the Duke of Zhou should not govern the private affairs of Wang Yan, and he has hardly thought about it.

Li Taibo said: "The inner minister uses a doctor, a scholar, and a worldly woman. Every two palace ministers are assigned to order virtuous officials to participate in the inspection of internal affairs." Will.] "Han·Shihuo Zhi" Taigong established the nine mansions of the Zhou Dynasty, Yan Shigu's annotation: "Zhou Guan" Taifu, Yufu, Neifu, Outer Mansion, Quanfu, Tianfu, Job Inside, Job Gold, Job Coins, all The official in charge of money and money, so it is called Jiufu.Yu's note: "Erya" Yi Wulu's Xun Yuqi, Kuaiji's bamboo arrow, Liangshan's rhinoceros elephant, Huashan's gold and stone, Huoshan's pearl and jade, Kunlun's Linlin Langgan, Youdu's tendons and horns, and the mountain's wenpi , Daiyue's five grains fish salt is called Jiufu.Wufeng Hu's "Huangwang Daji" is the same as "Erya", and then it is said: "Shangfu established the law, and the weight is in baht, and the goods of the nine houses are sold." Also press: "Historical Biography" I read Guan's "Severity", "Nine Houses", Liu Xiang's "Bie Lu" said: "The book "Nine Houses" does not exist among the people. "Suoyin" says that its book discusses the importance of casting money." "Salt and Iron Literature Literature" said : "Guan Zhong set up nine mansions, covering mountains and seas." "Tong Dian" also said: "Taigong establishes the goods of the nine mansions." However, the nine mansions, Taigong established them, and Guan Zhong set them up.The cover is Guan's book. The words of "The Great Ji" are right, but Yan Zhu fears that it is wrong. The six mansions of the emperor in "Qu Li" are also different from the six mansions in "Da Yumo".

Nine concubine notes, quoting Confucius said: "The sun is the light of the sky, and the moon is the law of the earth." The words of "The Book of Filial Piety and Aid to the Gods" are also.He Xiu's "Gongyang Zhuan Preface" quoted Confucius as saying: "My aspirations are in the "Spring and Autumn", and my actions are in the "Book of Filial Piety." This is also the words of "Book of Filial Piety".Confucianism in the Han Dynasty wrote the Weishu Confucius.Kang Cheng annotated "The Doctrine of the Mean", and also quoted Confucius as saying: "My ambition is in the "Spring and Autumn", and my practice is in the "Book of Filial Piety."

The uncle of the palace is the son of a scholar who is in charge of the palace.The sons of the princes of the Han Dynasty entered Suwei, and Zhang Shi, the younger brother of King Qi.Entering the capital to receive employment is the son of King Chu, Yingke.Its system is still ancient. To stop at the sergeant is to suppress his power.Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the Ministry of Internal Affairs not to appoint third-rank officials, and not to serve as officials.However, the internal servants are listed in the six provinces, and the ranks of Kaiyan Yin and Zheng are different from Zhou Dian's leadership in Zhongzai.

Eight, etiquette and customs to control the people.Lu Weizhong said: common people can participate in the custom, and scholars and above use the ceremony.This is not true. "Biography" Bai Zhicheng, so etiquette and custom punishment.Lu Chenggong said: Etiquette and customs cannot be divided into two things.To control and use is called etiquette, and to practice and be safe is called custom.If etiquette is self-respect, and vulgarity is vulgar, it cannot be called etiquette and vulgarity. Although Wang Zhishan does not know how to serve food, but the nine forms have the form of shameful service, and the tomb and slaughter are all festival.The king's food and clothing are only given by Guanshi, so it is simple to use. When Situ is in charge of teaching, he doesn't talk about money, and when Sima is in charge of government, he doesn't talk about soldiers.The township is then nine bases, and military wealth is among them.Well field feudalism is the foundation of enough food and soldiers. The law of "Zhou Guan" is not good, there is no good teaching and good governance, so they are worried about the use of money and afraid of barbarians. There is a military system in the township, but no land system.So there is a land system, no military system. "Shu" says: "Zheng's annotations see each other's meaning." Da Situ founded the state and used the soil to cultivate the land.Craftsmen build a country, observe the scenery in the sun during the day, and examine the pole stars at night. "Poetry Ding Zhi Fang Zhong Zhuan" says: "Show the sun rises and the sun sets to know the east and west. Looking south is fixed, and the north is aligned with the pole, and the north and the south are right." Yu's note: "The Spring and Autumn Annals of Yanzi" Jinggong Xincheng's bedroom, Make the teacher play the drum and piano.The teacher opened the left fu palace, played the merchant on the right, and said: "The evening of the room, the voice of the East is thin, and the voice of the West is loud." The master called the master and said: "What is the evening of the room?" Make it." So he summoned Sikong and said: "Build the palace with the walls of the city." Tomorrow, Yanzi will go to court.The duke said: "What is the night when the first monarch and the Grand Duke established the palace?" Confrontation: "In ancient times, when the country was established, it looked south to the South Dou, and the north wore the Shuxing. To respect Zhou." The Duke said: "A minister of the past." Shu Xing, that is, the pole star.Gong Liu lived in Bin, and since the scenery is Naigang, it is still good. Cai Yong's "Mingtang Lun" said: "The etiquette of the king's residence in the Mingtang, the south gate is called the gate, and the west gate is called the gate, so the "Zhou Guan" has the study of the gate. The Shi family teaches the three virtues and guards the king's gate. The Bao family teaches The six arts are guarding the royal palace. However, the Shi family lives at the east and south gates, and the Bao family lives at the west and north gates." Zhu Zi's "University Chapters and Sentences Preface" has learning in the palace, and Gai said this.Lu Xiaogong is a son, and he tasted the capital as a son of the state, and people call him filial piety.Xuan Wang ordered the princes to be taught.The only one who talks about the son of the country in his book is "Zhou Yu". The teacher's three virtues, Zhu Zi said: "The supreme virtue is the foundation of Taoism, and Mr. Ming Dao takes it. Minde takes it as the foundation of action, and Sima Wengong uses it. Filial piety is to know how to oppose evil, and the disciples of Zhao Wuzhen and Xu Zhongche take it. "Mu's Oath" and "Gu Ming" both refer to the Shi's family, and the "Biography" of "Yun Han" says: "If the Niangu is not listed, the Shi's family will relax its soldiers."And "Jiwei Shishi" used to assassinate the bandit. "Jiuliang, teacher, wins the people with the virtuous", the annotation refers to the masters of the princes, and the sages teach by example.There are also concubines. "Ge Qin" says: "Speak to the teacher." Bao's nine numbers, Zheng Sinong said: "Today there are heavy differences, Xijie, and Jugu." "Explanation": "Xi, the sound. These two characters are not Zheng's annotations." Zheng Sinong said: "Today there are heavy differences and sentence stocks." Ma Rong, Gan Bao, etc. even said: "Today there is Xi Jie, each of which is two articles, and it is unknown where they came from." The benefit is not Zheng's letter.Liu Hui's "Nine Chapters of Suanjing Preface" says: "Bao Xi's family began to draw eight trigrams, and used the technique of ninety-nine to combine the changes of six lines. , There are nine numbers. The "Nine Chapters" is the same as the nine numbers. Zhang Cang and Geng Shouchang of the Han Dynasty were good at calculating. Because the old texts were deleted and supplemented, they corrected their headings. It may be different from the ancients, but the discussions are mostly close terms. " "Li Zai" couples with the hoe at the age of the year, and the note says: "The hoe is the place where the Li Zai governs. It is like the room of the street bomb. Coupled here, the envoy assists each other." Shu said: In the Han Dynasty, it was placed on the street. Room, the people of a mile. "Jinshilu" includes "Duxiang Zhengjie Danbei" in the first month of the second year of Zhongping, which is in Kunyang City.Zhao Mingcheng failed to examine the "Li Zhu", but Li's comment on "Shui Jing" and Hong's "Li Shi" all used "street" as "wei", which was wrong. "Han·Shihuo Zhi" said that the ancient system said: "Spring will leave the people, Li Xu sits in the right school at Pingdan, and the neighbor elder sits in the left school. After finishing, he returns. The same is true at night." Is it the so-called "hoe" in "Li Zai"? "Pao Ren Note": Qingzhou Crab Xu. "Explanation": Xu, Xu Fan.Liu sounds "Su". "Zi Lin" precedes anti, and crab sauce. "Ji Yun": 蝑, crab 醢, four night cut.When from "Ji Yun". "Jianren Notes": "Those who are ugly, analyze and dry them, and go out of the East China Sea."Lu Guangwei's "Wu Diji" says: "Helu thinks of sea fish, but it is difficult to produce them. When raw fish is cured, it is salted and dried every day, so it is called 鲞." Read like "think". "Guanzi Diyuan Chapter": The soil of Kyushu is ninety things.Every soil has its constant, but things have their times.The strength of the group of soil is only five grains, next is five wo, next is five, next is five stalks, next is five soil, next is five floats, there are thirty things on the soil, and twelve things are planted.The middle soil is called Wuta, followed by Wuyan, followed by Wuxun, followed by Wupiao, followed by Wusha, followed by Wuqian, there are thirty things in Zhongtu, and twelve kinds of things.Down soil is called Wujue, then Wugongtu, then Wuzhi, next Wujiao, next Wufu, and next Wujie, where there are thirty things in the soil and twelve things planted.There are ninety items of earth and objects, and thirty-six kinds of them.Note: "Da Situ" uses the method of soil association to identify the growth of things in the five lands; uses the method of soil suitability to identify the things in the twelve soils to know their species.This article is also the survivor of the ancient system. "Hetu" says that the southeastern Shenzhou is called Chentu, the southeast Qiongzhou is called Shentu, the southwest Rongzhou is called Taotu, the westward Yanzhou is called Kaitu, the central Jizhou is called Baitu, the northwest Zhuzhou is called Feitu, and the north Xuanzhou is called Chengtu, Xianzhou in the northeast is called Yintu, and Yangzhou in the east is called Xintu. "Di Yuan Pian": Every way of grass and soil is made of grain.Either high or low, each has grass.The leaves are under the scorpion, the scorpion is under the amaranth, the amaranth is under the cattail, the cattail is under the reed, the reed is under the scorpion, the scorpion is under the scorpion, the scorpion is under the scorpion, the scorpion is under the Xiao, the Xiao is under the scorpion, and the scorpion is under the scorpion, The stalks are under the grass, and all the grass has twelve decays.Note: 欎, that is Yu also.Decay means that the grass is up and down.Note: "Zhou Guan" has straw people, is this a legacy? The method of saving the land with the earth, the scenery is one inch, and the land is thousands of miles away.One point is a hundred miles away.Wang Ji used inches as the law for thousands of miles, and divided the lands of the five princes.If the ruler is five inches long, it will cover fifteen thousand miles.The distance between heaven and earth is thirty thousand miles.Taste and test "Sui and Tang Zhi" in the 19th year of Song Yuanjia, measured in Jiaozhou, He Chengtian said: six hundred miles is one inch.In the first year of Yongping in the later Wei Dynasty, it was measured in Luoyang, and Xin Dufang said: two hundred and fifty miles differ by one inch.However, the Song Dynasty was in Yangcheng, and the Wei Dynasty was in Jinling.In the twelfth year of Tang Kaiyuan, Zhibiao Junyi made a large rate of five hundred and twenty-six miles and two hundred and seventy steps with a difference of more than two inches, so he took the old saying that one thousand miles is one inch as false.Wang Pu said: "Yangcheng is on the east side of Luo, and the Yuetai of Junyi was acquired in Kaiyuan, and it should be in the middle of the north and south strings." Sima Gong's "Day Scenery Map" says: "The zodiac travels every day, and there is a difference every year. The land should be transferred accordingly. Therefore, Zhou was in Luoyi, Han was in Yangcheng, Yingchuan, and Tang was in Bianzhou Junyi." Li Shiyun of Lishui: "Zhou measured the scenery in Yangcheng, and the speaker said that the terrain was high in the northwest and down in the southeast. The pole star is in the north, and the dipper is also in the north. The pole star is in the sky, and in the sky is in the earth." "The land of the princes is five hundred miles wide", which is inconsistent with the words of "Wu Cheng" and "Mencius".Zichan said: "All countries are one." "Mencius" also said: "Lu Fang is a hundred miles away." "Mingtangwei" says: "Lu Fangwei is seven hundred miles." . "Zhi Fang Shi Shu" says: "Without merit, even if you are a duke, you can only guard the land of Baili. It is said that if you are the Duke of Yu and Guo Gong, you used to be the Duke of Yin, and you still guard the Baili Kingdom until the Zhou Dynasty. It is because of the lack of merit." Press: "Zuo Shi Zhuan" Yu Zhong, Zhao Ye of the Taiwang.Guo Zhong, Guo Shu, Wang Ji Zhi Mu Ye.They are all sealed by Zhou.It is a mistake to say that the old man was the Duke of Yin. At the end of the year, things are caused by Zhengzhi, note: go to the book.Shuyun: "In the Han Dynasty, officials were examined, and they were called planners." Today's press: "Shuo Yuan": Yanzi ruled Dong'e for three years, Jinggong called and counted them; next year, Jinggong greeted him. "Han Zi·Wai Chu Shuo": Ximen Leopard is the decree of Ye, and the term of residence is one year. It is planned that the king will receive his seal. "New Preface": Wei Wenhou Dongyang made a plan, and the money was ten times larger. "Historical Records": King Qin Zhao summoned Wang Ji and worshiped him as the guard of Hedong. He was not counted at the age of three.However, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was already a plan, and it did not begin in the Han Dynasty. Zhu Wengong said: "Read Cao Gong and Du Mu's "Sun Tzu", and see that the number of people in the car is discussed by all scholars. Only Cai Jitong discusses this matter, and the "Zhou Li" military system is consistent." Yu Press : "Sun Tzu Combat Chapter" The method of using soldiers is to drive a thousand chariots, to ride a thousand leather chariots, and to carry one hundred thousand armor.Cao Gong's note: Chi Che, light car also.Du Mu's Note: A light vehicle is also a chariot.In ancient wars, there were leather chariots, luggage chariots, and heavy chariots, carrying equipment, wealth, and clothing. "Sima Fa" said: "A car has three soldiers, seventy-two infantry, ten cooks, five guards, five stables, and five woodcutters. Seventy-five light carts, heavy There are twenty-five people in the chariot, so two vehicles and one hundred people form a team. Take a hundred thousand people, leather chariots and a thousand vehicles, and check their expenses, then a million people can know." "Zuo Shi Zhuan": In Yimao, the Chu division was at Bi.Bingchen, Chu is as important as Bi.Lu Chenggong said: In every battle, the chariot is in front, and the luggage is always behind the chariot.Chu Chong went to the next day and even the next day, so there was no danger of plagiarism.Tang said Zhai Yun: "Confucians say that there are seventy-five people in Dian, but they don't know that there are hundreds of people. The seventy-five people are chariots, and the twenty-five people are heavy vehicles." The ancients took a hundred steps as mu.One hundred mu in ancient times is now forty-one mu and one hundred and sixty steps.The ancient well is now 375 mu.Dou Yan said: "Small mu is 100, which is the system of the Zhou Dynasty. The middle mu is 240, which is the system of the Han Dynasty. The large mu is 360, which is the system of the Qi Dynasty. What is used today is the Han Zhongmu." "Yalt and Iron Theory" Yushi said: "The ancients made a field, and a hundred steps was an acre. The first emperor pitied the people, and made a field of two hundred and forty steps to an acre." Take two hundred and forty steps as mu.The second is different. The ninth rank of Tian in "Yugong" is to cover up the ninth rank in Chu, the fifth rank in "Mencius" and "Wang Zhi", and the third rank in "Zhou Guan".The interpreter said: "Da Situ" is not easy, easy to change, easy to change again, etc., all despise the system. In "Little Situ", the upper, middle and lower grades are the third class, which is also the system of the six villages. "Sui Ren" upper, middle and lower ground are three grades, and there are those who are Lai, and the system of Liu Sui is also. "Da Sima" upper, middle, and lower ground are three classes, and the system of princes is also. The people of Sui ruled the fields, which was the system of the township Sui Gongyi.The craftsman ditch is the system of mining the land.Zheng Kangcheng said: "Xia's tribute method was used in the Zhou Dynasty, and taxpayers had no public land. Bangguo used the Yin's aid method to control public land without taxing people." Zhu Wengong also said: "The number of ditches is ten, and the number of well fields is nine. Jingtian and Gouwei must not be combined, but Yongjia Confucianism wants to be mixed into one. Kang Cheng’s annotations are divided into two.” Yu’s note: Li Taibo’s "Pingtu Shu" says: "Zhou Jin and the princes all use the tribute method." Gai Tai Bo has been different from Kang Cheng, and it did not begin with the Confucians in Yongjia.Liu's "Zhongyi" seeks to conform to the system of Sui people's rule of the wild with craftsmen's ditches.Yi's said: the system of the previous generation of craftsmen. Yu tried his best to dredge the ditch, "dredging the river, away from the river". The system of five ditches and five coatings in "Suiren" is due to ancient times.Those who use water to assist tillage will be rich, and rice people will palm it.The defender is solidified with water, and the danger is in charge.From the hometown, the law was relaxed, and those who lost their fields for the sake of the fields felt resentment.Zichan made a seal and Wu Tianchou thought it was slander.Jin wants to make Qi go to the east of its mu, and the military chariot is beneficial.Even two weeks of fighting for east and west, until Shang Yang broke up the rice paddies, and Lu Zheng decided to lead the defense of Sichuan, the ancient system disappeared.In ancient times, the inside was a field and the outside was a ditch.In the division of Yi, the soldiers are deployed in the farm, and the danger is in the Shun, taking down the image of Kun Shangkun.The formation of the ditches, from Yu to Zhou, was not done by one person.The destruction of the ditch, from the decline of the Zhou Dynasty to the Qin Dynasty, did not happen in a day.The ancient Confucianists said that when the well fields are broken and soldiers and horses enter China, it is like entering a land without people.sad husband! Human coupling and cow coupling, Zheng's note: coupling and coupling.Shu said: During the Zhou Dynasty, there was no cattle plowing, and it was not until the Han and Zhao Dynasties that people began to teach cattle plowing.Now Shujun, the grandson of Houji, began to farm cattle.Zhou Yigong said: "Confucius had the words of plowing cattle. Ran Geng, also known as Bo Niu. "Jia Yishu" and "New Preface" contain Zou Mugong said: "The people are full of cattle and plowing." "Moon Order" Jidong unearthed cattle to show farming Sooner or later. Why do you treat Zhao Guo? Guo Te teaches people to couple plows, save money and get twice the result." Yan salt is melted by introducing a pond, the salt dealer's lake, "Mu Tianzi Biography" as for Yan, the land of Jin Xunxia's family, and Yi Dun is the one who started it.Loose salt, made by boiling water, the tribute of Qingzhou in "Xiashu", the benefits of Youzhou in "Zhifang", the canal exhibition of Qi, the Liaodong of Yan, and the author of Sushachu.The shape of salt is derived from the material and the ground. Zhou Gong read that "salt is in the shape of a tiger".Yelp salt, Yu Rong used to get it, and what Yi Yin said was "the beauty of harmony", it is also the salt of Great Xia.The administration of salt on Thursday followed suit.In ancient times, Chuanze's Rao was shared with the people.From the chapter of "Sea King", the guard of hope, made figurines in Qi, and it was twenty times stronger than ancient times in Han Dynasty.According to the "Han Zhi", there are thirty-five Yan officials, and there are one hundred and five Yan counties in Tang Dynasty.In this dynasty, there are twelve roads from the salt station, two pools, seven prisons, twenty-two fields, and nine out of six hundred wells. The Dharma is detailed and beneficial. If you play with things and lose your ambition, call the public as a warning.I am afraid that it is not the classics of Zhou Gong to use the rest of the money from ordinary tributes for fun. "Wuyi" said: "Only the right offering." "Waifu Note": The spring was first built with a first grade, and Zhou Jingwang cast a big spring with a second grade.Wei Zhao's commentary on "Zhou Yu" said: "Shan Mugong said: 'In ancient times, there was a mother who flattened the son, and the son followed the mother.' However, the second grade comes from ancient times." The ancients used archery as their art.Confucius said: "Are you obsessed with shooting? Are you obsessed with imperialism?" "Poetry" says: "Uncle is good at archery and avoidance, but also good at imperial avoidance." "Do not lose the gallop, let go of the arrow like a broken arrow", this is also good at shooting.There are many people who learn archery.Tai Doushi, the master of zaofu, and Yin Xuzhi, who studied autumn driving, are all learning to drive. "Shuo Yuan" says: Those who drive make people respectful, and those who shoot make people respectful.It is also a method of rectifying the mind and self-cultivation. The seal festival is used for bribery of goods, Note: Today's seal is also. "Sishi Note" says: "Now it is fighting for inspection and seal." "Zhi Jin" says: "Create and seal it." Duan Ganzi, the one who wanted a seal in "Warring States Policy".Cai Yong's "Arbitrariness" says: "The ancients shared it with the superior and inferior." Wei Hongyun: "Since the Qin Dynasty, the emperor has used jade as the seal, and jade has been used alone. No ministers dare to use it." Tang changed the seal to a treasure. "History of the Five Dynasties" said: "The country uses the jade seal as an artifact to teach, so it has been unknown in ancient times." "Yun Dou Shu" said: "Shun is the son of heaven, and Huanglong bears the seal." .” Simen is taking bribes.Those who are upright, forbid their prostitution and extravagance and return to uprightness.The note is read as "sign", not true. The tracer, at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, was still an official in the Song Dynasty. "Zuo Shi Ai Fourteen Years Biography": The tracer came to tell him: "There is a moose in Fengze." Si Luque. "Mencius" says: "The princes are evil and harm themselves, so they all leave their homes." Zhao's Note: Today's "Zhou Li" the official of the Silu has no position, and all the princes have gone, so they no longer exist. "Hao Ren's Note": Today, there is a hall of hundreds of officials in Situ's mansion.It is recorded in "Cai Yong Ji" in the later Han Dynasty, and it is also the one of His Royal Highness of the Baiguan Huifu.The Hall of the Son of Heaven in ancient times was not called the Hall. "Shuo Yuan": Wei Wenhou's imperial granary disaster, plain clothes opened the main hall for five days. "Zhuangzi Shuojian" says: "Enter the gate of the palace and don't go." Gai has a reputation since the Warring States period. "Yan Li Note": When slipping to the east, the king is the house of the palace.Shu said: In the Han Dynasty, the palaces and houses flowed in four directions, and the Han Dynasty was used to describe the Zhou Dynasty.However, "Han·Huang Ba Zhuan" went to the palace first, and the note said: The house where the prime minister sits.In ancient times, the loftiness of the house was commonly called a palace, and it did not need to be in the palace. "Da Zong Boshu": "Xing Bei" says: "The five stars start to lead the bull, the year star travels one-twelfth of a day, the twelve-year-old and the sky. Yinghuo travels one of the thirty-third divisions, three At the age of thirteen, the sky is on the sky. Zhenxing travels once a day, at the age of twenty-eight, the sky. Taibai travels at one eighth, at the age of eight, the sky. Zhou Tian." "Feng Xiangshi Shu": "Xing Bei" says: "The king of Ming is on the top, then the sun, moon and five stars all ride the zodiac." Its color is different. The king is radiant, and the appearance is solid inside; the rest is the ray without horns and does not shake; "Sui and Tang Zhi" are not recorded. The difference between Friday rituals, thirty out of six.There are two out of one hundred and fifty rituals in the Tang Dynasty. "Tang Zhi" says: "Since the Liang Dynasty, it has been practiced at that time, taught in the name of the five rites in "Zhou Guan", and each established a school of study." The dance of "Jiu Shao" has a note saying: "It should be Da Shao." Yu said: "Jiu Shao" is still a good name, so there is no need to change the word. "Shuo Yuan": Confucius went outside Qi Guomen, met a baby, took out a pot, and walked with him.Its vision is refined, its heart is upright, and its conduct is upright.Confucius said to the emperor: "Fun to drive it, fun to drive it! Shaoyue can make it." Confucius went there, heard Shao, and didn't know the taste of meat in March.Qi Jinggong wrote "Zhengzhao" and "Jiaozhao", which are the survivors of Gai Shunle.Liu Yuan's father said: "There are nine names for "Nine Moves". I know the three of them, and they are called praying, levying, and horning." Nine strokes" in the field of Damu. "Emperor's Century": Ten years after Qisheng, dance "Jiu Shao". ["Bamboo Book" said: "Xia Houjian's "Nine Moves"."] "Historical Records" Yu Naixing's "Nine Moves" music, "Suo Yin" said: "That is Shun Yue's "Xiao Shao" is 90%." Ai Xuan said: Persuade them with "Nine Songs", that is, the joy of "Nine Moves". "Lu's Spring and Autumn": Emperor Ku ordered Xianhei to be the dance sound, singing "Nine Moves", "Six Columns" and "Liu Ying".Emperor Shun ordered the revision of "Nine Moves", "Liu Lie" and "Liu Ying" to clarify the emperor's virtue.However, "Nine Moves" was written at the time of Emperor Ku, and Shun revised it and used it.Qin Wei's "Shao" and "Wu" are two joys. Ban Gu's "Lv Li Zhi" stated Liu Xin's words, taking the law as the lower life, and Lu as the upper life.Zheng Kangcheng took the three laws of Huang Zhong as the lower life, and the three laws of Ruibin as the upper life.Emperor Liang Wu's "Zhong Luwei" said: "Ban Gu clamps Zhong Zhonglu, which is too atonal."Zheng Kangcheng has rising yang but not descending yang.Chen Yongzhi's "Book of Rites" states: From Ziwu to the left, all are born upward, and from Ziwu to the right, all are born downward.Take what Zheng said.Zhang Wenrao's "Yi Yuan" said: "The law of twelve months is to wait for the moon, and the law of sixty days is to wait for the sun. The laws of the moon should be raised one by one, and they will be born in sequence. The laws of the sun should be reborn with ruibin. Sima Qian , Liu Xin’s law is the law of the moon. The laws of Lu Buwei, Huainan, and Jingfang are also the law of the sun. "Jin Zhi" uses Sima instead of Huainan, and Liang Wu is Jingfang instead of Ban Gu, all of which are not general theories." There are three signs of divination, and there are two hundred verses.Xia Hou cast a tripod and said: "Whenever you meet Baiyun, one is south and one north, one is west and one is east. The nine tripods are completed and moved to the Three Kingdoms." Yi's Zhan said: "The phoenix is ​​flying, and it is singing. It was raised in ginger." Cheng Jibu said: "It is between the two communes, and it is the assistant of the public office." Li Jiyou said: "The special Yu, the public's scorpion, one fumigation and one scorpion, ten years still stinks." Wei Houyou said: "Like a fish peeking at its tail, it balances the current and the sheep are born." Han Wenzhao said: "Da Heng Geng Geng, Yu is the king of heaven, Xia Qi Yiguang." They are all turtles. The divination master four signs, Zheng Shi'e deduced it based on reasoning, saying: Fang Zhao, occupying the four directions.A sign of meritorious deeds is also a matter of meritorious deeds.Omens of righteousness, which account for doing righteous things, Huibo said: "Things of loyalty and trustworthiness can be done." Bow omens, there is the intention to shoot, and later generations have the method of overshooting. There are six tortoises in "Turtle Man", and ten tortoises in "Yi". "Erya" ten turtles. "Tang Liudian": Distinguish nine categories and five colors of tortoises, and use them according to the four seasons. "Liezi" has six periods of dream, which is the same as "Zhanmeng". "Og" as "蘁".Dongpo said: "Gao Zong talked about dreams, King Wen and King Wu talked about dreams, and Confucius also talked about dreams. Their emotions and nature are governed, and their dreams are not chaotic." Xishan said: "Real dreams do not come from feeling, but everything else is felt." "Da Zhu" has nine sacrifices, and the ninth is called "joint sacrifice".Note cloud: "community, still granting also. The king sacrifices food, and the butcher grants sacrifices. "The Book of Filial Piety" says: 'Common Sui executive teaching.'" Shuyun: ""The Book of Filial Piety", "The Book of Filial Piety" text. To consecrate the Sui ceremony together means that when the Sui sacrificial ceremony is held, the Sui sacrificial ceremony is held together to confer the corpse." Yu said: It is not true that it is sparsely called the Sui sacrificial ceremony. "Later Han Etiquette" notes "The Deed of Filial Piety and Aid to the Gods" says: "Those who respect the three elders are like fathers. Those who pay homage will offer a few, and the car and soft wheels will be given to Sui to teach." Song Jun said: "For Sui, three When you are old, you will use the car, and the emperor will teach it in person." In the second year of Yongping's "Old Care Edict", there is also a saying "install the car with soft wheels, and give it to Sui to teach".Cover and take "filial piety Jingwei". Zheng Sinong's note "Su Cao": But lower your hands, it is the same at this moment.Xiang Shiyun: In ancient times, bowing was done, but now bowing is just bowing at the waist.People in Jiezhou do not worship, so they regard Su as a courtesy, because they cannot be bowed down.Qi Yite draws his hands to his body, making a slight gesture.This is exactly when women bow to each other today.The worship of women in the Han Dynasty was nothing more than that.Or it is a mistake to say that since the Wu family in Tang Dynasty respected women and did not order them to bow down.Zhou Tianyuan ordered women to worship the Tiantai, and men worshiped it. Although it was a vulgar, women did not worship men. "Nei Ze" said that those who still have the right hand, said to hold the hand to the right, it is not like kneeling by pressing the knee with the hand.The same is true for Shang Zuo of men.In today's test, Taizu asked Zhao Pu to salute: Why do men kneel but women don't?Pu asked Wang Yisun, and said to him: "In the ancient poem 'Kneel to ask your old husband', women also kneel. When Tang Wuhou, women began to bow instead of kneeling." "Remarks." "Xuan", "The method of palming the ten brilliance", occupies the energy of the sun.Two Zheng Jie, six of which are the same, and four of which are different. "Dabu" "The method of grasping three dreams, its meridian luck is ten, and its difference is ninety", which means that there are ten correct methods of dream divination, one luck and nine changes, ten luck and ninety changes.Note that "Jingyun" is the "ten brilliance", which was called the brilliance of the sun by ancient Confucians.The flexibility of dreams has different accounts, so it is inappropriate to change "luck" to "hui". "Great History" "The first year is based on the preface", Note: The middle number is the year, and the new number is the year.The middle number is one quarter of three hundred and sixty-five days, and the new number is three hundred and fifty-four days. "Han Li Zhi" said: "Run is also in the middle of Shuo." Or it is said: Zhou regards Jianzi as the righteousness, and the events of the four seasons are useful to Xia Zhengjianyin.The year is called Jianyin, and the year is called Jianzi. "Hong Fan Zheng Zheng" is one year old from the winter solstice to the next winter solstice. "Feng Xiangshi" "To the sun and to the moon", note: The winter solstice is in the morning glory, and the scenery is three feet long.The summer solstice is in Dongjing, and the scene is five inches long.This length is extreme.The vernal equinox is in Lou, the autumnal equinox is in Jiao, and the moon strings are in Morning Glory and Dongjing. "Zuo Shi Zhuan": The journey of the sun and the moon is divided into the same way, and the best friends pass by each other. "Justice" says: "The first day of the vernal equinox is at Lou, and the moon is at the corner. In the well. The summer solstice is in the well, and the watch is in the dou. The dou and the well are north and south, so the length of day and night is extremely short. The winter solstice was in the cows in ancient times, but now it is in the dou. Zheng Zhu is different from Kong Shu, and the calendar precession is also. "Xingtu" in "Baozhangshi", according to "Yisi Zhan" on the twelfth time: "The host in the north is dominated by Wu and Yue; the hour of the fire afternoon is in the state of Zhou. The heavens are all listed, but the divisions are different. .Owned at one time, may span thousands of miles, span several states, or not spread a single county in the country. "Guoyu" is in Quail Fire at the age of 1, and there are Zhou divisions. Today Fengmo is the place of Qin, and Zhou is affiliated to Yuzhou. It’s hard to know. Song Jingyu is to blame for being confused and guarding one’s heart; in fact, it’s a misfortune, and the Marquis of Jin suffers from it. There is a corresponding response when things are tested.” Jia Gongyan said: Wu and Yue are in the south, Qi and Lu are in the east, and this year’s star Or north or west, regardless of the location of the country.This is the day when the seal is granted, and the time when the star of the year is located, so the country belongs to Yan.Or cloud: "One of the twelve times can be said, but the only way to analyze wood?" Wei Ji Gen Weiyan can be said to be northeast. "Twelve years old", note: Sui Xing is yang, and travels to the right in the sky, Tai Sui is yin, and travels to the left on the ground, twelve years old and Xiao Zhou.Li Shuiyun: "The age of the stars is in the sky, and the age of the moon is in the earth. "Tianguan Shu" said: "The age of the moon is in the Shetige, and the age of the stars is in the star. Jiayou Dingyou, the experience is very poor, especially in recent years. The age star often precedes the month, and in recent years, it often precedes more than 120 days." Yu Kao "Da Yan Li Yi" said: "The age star comes from Shang, Zhou to Spring and Autumn In the season, the rate exceeded once in more than 120 years. After the Warring States period, it was in a hurry, and it was still slightly worse in the Han Dynasty, and the rest of the mourning and peacetime was exhausted, and it exceeded once in 84 years." Chen Shi of Sanshan Said: As in "Zuo Shi", Zeyin is in Mao, and Wu is in Hai; as in "Historical Records", Zeyin is in Chou, and Chen is in Hai.In other words, they are all different. "Jizhong · Shichun" says: Suixing stars form one point every year, and if they accumulate a hundred and forty-four years to complete the book, it is the limit of Chaochen. "Outside History" "Da Shuming", Zheng Kangcheng said: In ancient times it was called name, today it is called character.Characters, Zi also. "The Dowry" records: "The books with more than a hundred names are written on policies, but not as good as those written by hundreds of people." , from one to be born from infinity, just like the mother's character, so it is called the character." Jiaji said: the single body is the text, and the combined body is the character.The main class is the mother, and the subordinate class is the child.Liushu pictographs, referring to things, and writing; understanding, homophony, Zhuanzhu, and writing; borrowing under the guise, writing and writing.Harmony and the Five Books come out at the same time, the Five Books uphold righteousness, and the Harmony upholds sound. In "Shuowen", the shape is also based on the mother to control the child; in "Guangyun", the sound is also in which the child is responsible for the mother.Calligraphy, eye study; rhyme book, ear study. "The Doctrine of the Mean" said: "Situ teaches the people, and the book is one of them. The name of foreign Shida books is in the four directions, and the great traveler is nine years old. The details of the system are like this. Qin used Xiaozhuan and Lishu as the law, and Zhou system start to change." "Peng Shi Zhu" quoted "Chunqiu Zhuan" as "Bin Jiang", and today's "Zuo Zhuan" as "掫". "Huanren Zhu" quotes "Yu Xia's horse", which is now "two". "Zhi Fang's Notes" quoted "Guoyu" as "Minqian is manly", now it is "Manqian". "Sinong", Zheng Si Nong quoted "Shuzi", which is the same as Ma Rong cited "Zhou Shu·Yue Ling". [Take the fire of elm and willow in spring, jujube and apricot in summer, mulberry and zhe in summer, oak tree in autumn, and pagoda japonica in winter. 〕Wang Shao said: ""Zhou Guan" changed the fire at four o'clock to save the disease of the time. The fire will not be extinguished, and the fire will turn blue." "Eastern Han Dynasty Rituals": On the summer solstice, dredging wells and changing water.On the winter solstice, drill the fire instead of the fire.Change the water, only see here. There are channels for water, cashiers for fire, and lands of mountains, forests, gold and tin are strictly forbidden.Use it from time to time, the former king's wealth becomes a wonderful way to assist the prime minister. The doctor in "Salt and Iron" said: "Five elements, the east wood and Danzhang have mountains of gold and copper; the south has fire and Jiaozhi has rivers of the sea; Earth. The heaven and the earth have everything, and all things are connected.” "Guanzi": four hundred and sixty-seven out of copper mountains, three thousand six hundred and nine out of iron mountains. "Tang Liudian": There are nine out of three hundred and thirty-three thousand five hundred and fifty springs in the world. The method of missing engraving, one hundred engravings day and night.易氏云：“十二时，每时八刻二十分，每刻六十分。”王昭禹云：“寅、申、巳、亥、子、午、卯、酉八时，各八刻。辰、戌、丑、未四时，各九刻。”愚谓：易氏之说与古法合。司寤氏掌夜时，注：谓夜晚早，若今甲、乙至戊。疏云：“甲、乙则早时，戌、亥则晚时。”愚按：卫宏《汉旧仪》中黄门持五夜，甲、乙、丙、丁、戊夜，今谓之五更。疏以“戊”为“戌”，误矣。马融以昏明为限，郑康成以日出入为限，有五刻之差。蔡邕以星见为夜，日入后三刻，日出前三刻，皆属昼。郑与蔡校一刻。王伯照云：“昼夜长短，以岳台为定。九服之地，与岳台不同，则易箭之日，亦皆少差。” “职方氏”，《汉樊毅修西岳庙记》作“识方氏”。《史通》云：“《周书·职方》之言，与《周官》无异。” 兖州，其浸卢维。注云：“当为'雷雍'，字误也。”颜师古曰：“卢水在济北卢县。”《说文》：潍水出琅邪箕屋山，东入海，徐州浸。《夏书》：潍、淄其道。郑读非也。 王有三朝：一曰治朝，在路门之外，宰夫、司士掌之。二曰燕朝，在路门之内，大仆掌之。三曰外朝，在皋门之内，库门之外，朝士掌之。内朝二，外朝一。《唐六典》：承天门，古之外朝。太极殿，古之中朝。两仪殿，古之内朝。 郑康成因《左氏》“三辰旂旗”之文，谓：王与公同服九章之衮。考之经，无所见。《司服》云：“公自衮冕而下如王之服。”则衮冕而上之章，日月星辰也。冕十二旒，取法天数，岂同服九章无君臣之别哉！《郊特牲》王被衮以象天，注：谓有日月星辰之章。此鲁礼也，岂有周服九章而鲁乃服十二章者乎？汉明帝采《周官》、《礼记》、《尚书·皋陶篇》乘舆服，从欧阳氏说，备十二章，得古制矣。 五刑之法，疏谓：宫刑至隋乃赦。崔浩《汉律序》：文帝除肉刑而宫不易。《书正义》：隋开皇之初，始除宫刑。按《通鉴》：西魏大统十三年三月，除宫刑。非隋也。 孙君孚《谈圃》谓：《周官》赞牛耳，荆公言取其顺听，不知牛有耳而无窍，本以鼻听。有人引一牛与荆公辩。今按《周礼义》云：“牛耳，尸盟者所执。”无顺听之说，盖荆公闻而改之。 《萍氏》几酒，犹妹土之诰也。禹恶旨酒，《易·未济》之终，以濡首为戒，曷尝导民以饮，而罔其利哉！初榷酒酤，书于《汉武纪》，其流害万世，甚于鲁之初税亩。 《大戴记·朝事篇》取《周官·典命、大行人》、《朱子仪礼经传》，以为朝事义。 《考工记》貉逾汶则死，先儒以汶为鲁之汶水。《列子释文》云：“案《史记》'汶'与'岷'同，谓汶江也。今江边人云：'狐不渡江。'《说文》貉，狐类也。逾越大水，则伤本性。” 有虞氏上陶。舜陶河滨，器不苦窳。周陶正犹以虞阏父为之。 周人上舆。《中庸或问》：轨者，车之辙迹，舆之广六尺六寸。其辙迹在地者，相距之间，广狭如一，无有远迩，莫不齐同。至秦然后车以六尺为度。 《轮人注》：揱，读为“纷容揱参”之“揱”。疏云：“今检未得。”愚谓：即《上林赋》纷溶萷蔘。 《冶氏注》：铤，读如“麦秀铤”之“铤”。《表记注》：移，读如“禾汜移”之“移”。六字未知出何书，疏不释其义。或者农书所载欤？移，昌氏反。 潏水云：“樐氏为量。郑玄以方尺积千寸，此乃九章米粟法。某家旧有一古铜敦，乃周成王时物。甘人侵扈，命正人出师复扈邦，赐有功师氏，而数亦皆备。 《嘉量》之铭，《祭侯》之辞，皆极文章之妙。而梓人筍虡之制，文法奇古，有飞动之状。盖精于道者，兼物物而后能制器。谓：梓庆削木为鐻，鐻成，见者惊犹鬼神。以天合天，道与艺俱化，岂物物刻雕之哉！ 《大戴记·投壶篇》云：“嗟尔不宁侯，为尔不朝于王所。故亢而射，女强食。食尔曾孙侯氏百福。”此《祭侯》之辞也，与《梓人》同而略异。苌弘设射不来，不来者诸侯之不来朝者也。侯者，射垛也，因祭寓意，以为诸侯之戒。 《司仪》问君，君问大夫，君劳客。注云：“问君曰：'君不恙乎？'对曰：'使臣之来，寡君命臣于庭。'问大夫曰：'二三子不恙乎？'对曰：'寡君命使臣于庭，二三子皆在。'劳客曰：'道路悠远，客甚劳。'劳介则曰：'二三子甚劳。'”疏云：“未知所出何文，或云是孔子聘问之辞，亦未得其实。”愚按：《说苑》魏太子击封中山，遣仓唐使于文侯。文侯召仓唐见之，曰：“击无恙乎？”仓唐曰：“唯唯。”如是者三，乃曰：“君出太子而封之国，君名之，非礼也。”文侯怵然变容，问曰：“子之君无恙乎？”仓唐曰：“臣来时拜送书于庭。”郑氏所述，盖古礼也。《太行人注》亦云：“问不恙。” 《周礼》，刘向未校之前，有古文，校后为今文。古今不同。郑据今文注，故云“故书”。朱子曰：“八法、八则、三易、三兆之类，各有书。属民读法，其法不可知，如战之阵，其阵法不可见矣。” 《冥氏注》郑司农云：“读为'冥氏《春秋》'之'冥'。”按《儒林传》：冥都传颜氏《春秋》之学。疏谓：若《晏子》、《吕氏》之类，非也。 王肃《圣证论》讥短郑康成，谓：天体无二，郊、丘为一，禘是五年大祭先祖，非圜丘及郊。祖功宗德，是不毁之名，非配食明堂。皆有功于礼学，先儒韪之。《圣证论》今不传，《正义》仅见一、二。《唐·礼志》曰：“谶纬乱经，郑玄主其说。以禋祀祀昊天上帝，此天也。玄以为天皇大帝者，北辰耀魄宝也。兆五帝于四郊，此五行精气之神也。玄以为灵威仰、赤熛怒、含枢纽、白招拒、汁光纪者五天也。由是有六天之说。显庆二年，礼官议六天出纬书，南郊、圆丘一也，玄以为二。郊及明堂祭天，而玄以为祭太微五帝。启蛰而郊，郊而后耕，而玄谓周祭感帝灵威仰，配以后稷，因而祈谷。皆缪论也。 古未有笔，以书刀刻字于方策，谓之削。鲁为《诗》、之国，故《考工记》以鲁之削为良。 沙随程氏曰：“《禹贡》冀州之北，不可画五服之地。《周官》雍州之西，不可画九畿之地。” 《师氏》：使其属帅四夷之隶，各以其兵服守王之门外。司隶帅四翟之隶，使皆服其邦服，执其邦兵，守王宫。唐太宗擒颉利，其酋长带刀宿卫，亦古制也。然结社率之变，几至危殆。盖先王德化之盛，非太宗所能及。慕冠带百蛮之名，而不虞后患。《孟子》曰：“以力服人者，非心服也。” 《遂师》“抱磨”，音“历”。《史记·乐毅书》“故鼎反乎磨室”，徐广注：磨，历也。《战国策》、《新序》作“历室”。盖古字通用。 《大史》大师抱天时，注云：“大出师，则大史主抱式，以知天时。”《史记·日者传》：旋式正棋。《唐六典》太卜令三式曰：“雷公太一。六壬其局以枫木为天，枣心为地。”六壬之说，许叔重曰：“水者，准也。”生数一，成数五，以水数配之为六壬也。遁甲者，推六甲之阴而隐遁也。本黄帝、风后之术。孤虚者，一画为孤，无画为虚，二画为实。以六十甲子定四方，占其孤虚实而向背之。《吴越春秋》计石兒曰：“孤虚，谓天门地户也。” 郑刚忠《解义》，如“冕服九章”、“授田三等”、“治兵大阅，旗物之互建”、“六乡六遂，师都之异名”、“阴阳之祀，有用牲之疑”、“九畿之国，有朝贡之惑”、“豆区钟釜，有多少之差”、“世室重屋，非明堂之制”，皆辩明使有条理。 古者，国有闲田，田有馀夫，夫有闲民，民有羡卒，不尽其财力也。至秦而自实田，至汉而核垦田，至隋而阅丁口，至唐而括逃户隐田，于是财殚力尽，民无乐生之心矣。 取士之制，其涂有三：诸侯三年一贡士，侯国之士也；乡大夫兴贤能，王畿之士也；大司乐教国子，国之贵游子弟也。 漆林之征二十而五。漆以饰器用而已。舜造漆器，群臣咸谏，防奢靡之原也。种漆成林，重其征，所以抑末而返朴也。