Chapter 18 Governance Miscellaneous

It is most necessary for students to do extracurricular knowledge.If you only want to pass the homework in the lectures, then you are done. Then you enter the school just to ask for a diploma, not for learning.Your personality can no longer be questioned; moreover, this kind of person must not have the ability to "spontaneously" not only cannot become a scholar, but also definitely cannot become a leader in social affairs. Extracurricular knowledge, of course, does not specifically refer to reading, such as experiments, such as observing the natural world...all are excellent.But reading extracurricular books must at least count as an important part of extracurricular knowledge.

One must develop a taste for reading.If you plan to be a professional scholar, you must do this; if you plan to be a businessman, you must do the same.For in factories, in companies, in the House of Commons... there is no better companion for pleasure than books, and nothing is more convenient for us than books. But whether or not this kind of happiness will be available in the future is probably determined during school days, because the habit of reading must be developed in order to enjoy the fun of reading.The habit of life, beyond the threshold of school, has been iron-cast, so in school, do not read extracurricular books in order to develop an automatic reading habit, this person is simply depriving himself of lifelong happiness.

Naturally, reading is not limited to reading Chinese books, but Chinese people should at least treat Chinese books on an equal footing with foreign books.If you treat him like this, the happy reward you will give back is at least as important as what you get from reading foreign books. Chinese books have not been sorted out and are very difficult to read. This is recognized by everyone, but those who are capable of learning find it interesting. Eating ready-made food is the most boring thing, and it is liked by the most unpromising people.A kind of problem, after being finished by others and compiled into a textbook for me to read, it is naturally effortless to read, but the results from this effortlessness make my mind not meticulous and engraved.People who like to read this kind of books will lose their creative talents over time.Living comfortably in the straight streets of New York and Chicago and in brand-new bungalows, this person must have lived a meaningless and mediocre life.To live a meaningful life, it must be when Columbus first arrived in America.

The Chinese academic circle is a mine that has not been opened for thousands of years, and the mine seedlings are extremely rich.But we couldn't get it out unless we racked our brains and sweated it ourselves.Looking back, as long as you rack your brains and sweat, of course you will get a score, so it is interesting. The so-called seedlings of the Chinese intellectual circle, of course, do not refer specifically to books, the natural world and social reality are extremely important.But books are a kind of treasure house for preserving past materials, and they can also be the leads of various aspects of current measurement. From this point of view, we should be grateful for the vastness of books, and we should not hate them, because our career is about to start. Naturally, the more abundant the supply of raw materials for factories, the better.

Reading Chinese books is naturally like picking gold from the sand, more sand is more than gold, but if we treat them as raw materials, sometimes books and sentences that ordinary people think are extremely useless may be of great use.It should be noted that there are many types of factories, and there are many by-products in a factory. Not only gold is useful, but sand is also useful. If you ask about the method of reading, I would like to make a statement to you.This method is very old-fashioned, very stupid and troublesome, but it is extremely necessary.what method?It is a banknote or note.

When we read a famous book, we saw that he quoted so extensively and analyzed so meticulously, and he often stuck out his tongue and said: This person has a great memory and remembers many things.It's his special genius that we can't learn to walk.Actually there is such a thing.A person with a good memory is not necessarily wise.A wise person has a relatively poor memory.What you see is the result of his publication. I don't know that his result was originally obtained from accumulation, hard work, knowledge and practice.Generally speaking, when a university student works hard on a daily basis, he always has countless booklets or single slips of paper.If you see a piece of information while reading and find it useful, you should write it down immediately. (Short full text, long abstract, record the title of the book, the number of volumes and the number of pages.) Gradually accumulate rich materials, and then organize and analyze them with eyesight, and it will become a masterpiece.If you want to see this kind of trace, you can see it most easily by reading Zhao Oubei's "Notes on the Twenty-two Histories" and Chen Lanfu's "Dongshu Reading Secretary".

This kind of work is extremely stupid and painful, but a true scholar cannot leave this path.People who are animals and plants are too lazy to collect specimens, saying that he will have new inventions, and I am afraid that there will be no such cheap things in the world. The original motivation of the invention is attention, and bank notes are the best way to wake up attention and continue to preserve attention.When I was reading a book, I suddenly felt that this section of information was worth paying attention to. When I wrote it down, a slight impression of this information would naturally be imprinted in my mind, which was different from reading it with Huayan.After going through this, after a while, I came across a second material that was related to this, and I paid him back again, and my attention became stronger once.After going through it several times, every time I turn a book, when I come across this information, I just jump on the paper, so I don't have to bother to find it.This is what I have learned over the years.Gentlemen try it for a year, and you should know that I am not lying.

The ancestors taught people not to write lightly, because the publication of immature opinions will cause people to misunderstand themselves.This is not bad, but the young students' "reputation for outstanding writing" is actually a magical function of promoting learning.For example, if you read "Coin Kao" in "Wenwen Tongkao" and the articles under the coin item in "Shihuo Zhi" in various histories, you will not gain much from reading it; "History Test", whether this test is done well or not is another question, what you read will naturally benefit you several times.

For example, it is like reading a piece of "Xunzi". A person A reads it in general, and a person B reads it and makes up his mind to make a copy of "Xunzi Xuean". After reading it, the impressions of the two people are naturally different. habit of writing.As for the books you write, isn’t it your freedom whether to show them to others or not, and when to consider them successful? The books we read every day are best divided into two categories: one is proficient, and the other is introductory; because on the one hand, we must develop the habit of reading carefully, and on the other hand, we must develop the habit of reading quickly.If you are not careful, you will get nothing, which is tantamount to reading in vain; if your eyes are not quick, you will not have enough time to search for information.The classics, philosophers, four histories, "Tongjian" and other books are suitable for intensive reading. You should read them at a certain time every day. When reading, you should not miss a single word. Read along with banknotes.In addition, point out a moment to browse at will: if you find it interesting, read it carefully; if you find it boring, turn the page again;

Gentlemen, don’t regret it just because you have worked hard and achieved little in reading Chinese books for the first time, because we do not want to ask for cash and cash rewards from the book we are reading now, the most important thing is self-restraint Get into the habit of reading well, and train your brain to be good at reading.The books read in youth are nothing more than borrowed ladders for these two purposes.If the premise I mentioned is correct, then reading foreign books and reading Chinese books will of course have their own benefits.Foreign masterpieces are well organized and easy to arouse interest; his research methods are laid out neatly and can be our model.This is good.When we read it with a slippery eye, it is easy to become young masters enjoying ready-made blessings, not knowing the origin of the ups and downs.This is bad.Chinese books have not been sorted out, and the first reading is a bum, which often interrupts the fun.This is bad.It forces you to cut through the thorns and thorns, find the way to walk, or take many wrong paths. (As long as you walk, you will never be wronged. If you go wrong and turn back, it is an excellent lesson.) Wisdom is honed from the experience of hardships and hardships, and the taste of suffering is the most real.This is good.

There is one more thing, I have written the words "I hope to be familiar with it" in several places in the bibliography list of the previous item.I think you may find it difficult, and may object that I am stubborn, but I have my own meaning.I am not trying to persuade people to memorize by force. There are two kinds of things that I hope to learn by heart: one kind is the most valuable literature, and the other kind is aphorisms that are wholesome to the body and mind.Good literature is a tool for cultivating one's taste. To be a member of a nation, one must have a good understanding of the good literature of one's own nation.Only by being able to recite it well can we get the root in our "subconsciousness", and it will "ferment" unconsciously.Some of the sage's maxims that are beneficial to the body and mind have formed a common consciousness in our whole society for a long time. As a member of this society, I must understand them thoroughly so as not to create a gap with the common consciousness; Always rely on the light He has given us.You have to be familiar with it on weekdays, and then you can use it temporarily.The reason why I hope that some books are here for those who are familiar with it, but it is just a special hope, and it does not mean that it must be so. Finally, I would like to say a few words to my classmates from Tsinghua University.I hope that you will make more contributions to the cultivation of Chinese studies than the students in other schools.You are favored by the society and are superior to others. You can see that you will occupy power in the whole society in the future.After returning to the country, whether you have contributed to Chinese culture or not is the standard of your merits and crimes. If you become an American scholar who is the number one figure in the world, Bi Xiao, I am afraid that it will not have much influence on Chinese culture.If this will have an impact, it is enough for us to bring in a hundred or dozens of blue-eyed great doctors from the United States, so why bother you?You need to keep in mind that you are not an American student, but a Chinese student.How can I be called a Chinese student studying abroad?Please make up your own mind.