Chapter 10 Chapter Ten Poor People Must Have Hateful Things

Wang Shuo: I heard that in recent years, a new group of young people have emerged, who are uniquely sharp, who love who they love, and have swept away some highly respected "cultural dinosaurs".Do you know these people?how are they Old Xia: I have watched "Ice and Fire" by Yu Jie, a graduate student of Peking University, which is called "the university of drawers".I really admire these young people. Wang Shuo: Is there anyone else you admire? Old Xia: I admire them for being so scheming at such a young age, learning how to attack, who should be destroyed, who should be boasted, who to put explosives on, and who to send roses, with a clear mind.In performance, he is strong and fierce, jealous of evil, and appears to be very righteous, honest, and knowledgeable. In fact, his little tail can be seen inadvertently.

The people he wants to destroy have nothing to do with him in terms of personal interests. Those who are about to enter the soil and those who enter the soil early will not have any substantial impact on his future destiny, especially his status in the intellectual circle, so he Prick it without pain or itching, and don't really want to say anything.And for those directly related to his vital interests.The mentor and teacher with academic future and status are the ones who have the final say in the university, but he is full of praise and flattery, and his charming and obedient appearance can only be brought to life by Lu Xun's hot pen.In Yu Jie's "Ice and Fire", except for a few of his teachers, everyone else is destroyed.

There is an article called "Mr. Spirit", which praised Chen Pingyuan, Zhang Ming, and Wang Yuechuan. Young students like this can't find new words when they praise people. What is "one of the most outstanding writers and historians in contemporary China" ".What, in the academic correspondence between the teacher and his wife, " read out a kind of joy and warmth of heart-to-heart connection." Mr. What's "Since he once climbed a tall building alone, he has seen all the way to the end of the world, knowing that there are not necessarily flowers behind the cemetery ..." "Haunted in my heart for a long time." Mr. What's special charm is like the tea that Mr. makes for students, "making students smell the fragrance and know Mr.." Before listening to Mr. Wang Yuechuan's class, they have already smelled Mr. Mr. Wang Yuechuan "ignited" for the first time "the students are listless" eyes".At the end of the article, it rises to the height of great Confucianism and people with lofty ideals in history, with the friendship between teachers and students and the Donglin Party members' "one party teacher and friend, cold wind and blood, cleansing the world".These elegant and nasty flattery are in stark contrast to his ferocity in trying to peel "Qian Mu's skin".The fierceness and righteous indignation with which he flogged the corpse had already been vilified in this kind of all-out slander.He has no confidence in the scholars who can directly affect his destiny and who are in the top ranks in the current intellectual academy.He was only in his twenties, at such a young age, he was just getting involved in the cultural world, but he was as tactful as a businessman or politician who had gone through many vicissitudes.

Wang Shuo: We are much more mature than when we first debuted.How is Liu Xiaofeng?He's been mentioned all the time over the years. Old Xia: Liu Xiaofeng, Wang Yuechuan, and Wang Yichuan are classmates at Peking University.He mainly engages in Christianity, went abroad very early, and now lives in Hong Kong.The fulcrum of his criticism of Chinese culture is Western Christianity. He uses Christianity as a frame of reference, and he is quite accurate in grasping the weaknesses in Chinese tradition.The main reason for the weakness of personality in Chinese tradition is that there is no absolute standard of transcendence in the tradition, which is very practical. Without a non-practical standard of self-discipline or heteronomy, there is no bottom line for a nation or a person. Dare to do anything, cruel, hypocritical and ugly.Western culture, starting from St. Augustine, has set up an absolute standard for people's self-knowledge. It is under this theological standard that the world is full of crimes, the weaknesses of human nature can be highlighted, and people can reflect on themselves and their hearts. Be in awe.

Freud's modern psychology, as well as various modern Western theories about the evil of human nature, all come from this theological original sin.Fox said that man is a wolf to man, Sartre said that other people are hell, Pascal and Montaigne both discussed the weakness of human nature by theological scale. Hume's point of view is the most brilliant. He said that as soon as people enter society, group relations and political life, the design of the system must be based on the assumption that everyone is a scoundrel.What human beings can do institutionally is not to cultivate or shape a kind of lofty and perfect goodness, but to minimize the evilness of human nature as much as possible.Human institutions cannot create saints, but they can make ordinary law-abiding and moral people. "Preventing evil" is the greatest good. On the contrary, from Plato through Hegel to the system design aimed at "promoting goodness", what the social experiment of "promoting goodness" is exactly the greatest evil.Any political system that attempts to transform human nature and recast new people can only bring about the general degeneration of human nature. The moral vacuum after the collapse of the centralized system is exactly the inevitable result of the ideals of new people.

Wang Shuo: We have also experimented with recasting newcomers here, but now, there is shamelessness everywhere. Old Xia: Liu Xiaofeng's approach to Christianity, from criticism of Chinese tradition to criticism of contemporary China.But he also hopes to dig out resources from tradition to connect Christianity and Chinese tradition. His discussion of Qu Yuan in "Salvation and Freedom" is such an attempt.But I think that there is no religious feeling or mysticism in Chinese culture at all. Whether it is Chu culture or later Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, they are all pragmatic.Qu Yuan's "Li Sao" is the pioneering work that incorporates the witchcraft and mystery of Chu culture into the secular morality of Confucianism. The mythological elements in his poems all serve the moral division of gentlemen and beautiful women from foolish and villainous people. What images represent positive Yes, what imagery represents the opposite.The poetry of Chinese historian culture is particularly bad: it turns the primitive vitality and mysterious things in ancient legends and myths into a kind of pan-political and pan-moral etiquette commentary, and the results are rich. The symbol has become a simple metaphor, the love between men and women has become the "virtue of concubine", and the struggle between man and nature has become the moral character of a wise gentleman who "passes the house three times" and does not enter.Chinese literati like to drop book bags and quote allusions. Those allusions were annotated by the pre-Qin historian culture as the ruler's ideology, which completely castrated the multiplicity of openness. "Li Sao" set a bad precedent in the history of Chinese poetry.Chu culture has been Confucianized, fairies have been turned into virgins and archways, and various natural phenomena have been moralized.Starting from Qu Yuan, "vanilla beauty and the like have become the most handy writing skills for Chinese literati to complain in poetry. As for "Tian Wen", it is the pioneering work of Chinese intellectuals who shirk their responsibilities, asking such broad and far-reaching questions , is nothing more than seeking external responsibility for one's own tragedy, but does not ask oneself: "What responsibility should I take? "This kind of arrogance and self-beautification of "everyone is drunk and I am sober" is also a feature of Chinese culture, and it is still the case until now. Some people say that there are scientific prophecies in "Heavenly Questions", which is not the same as saying that for a while Are systems theory, cybernetics, and modern football originated in China? Bianshufa emphasizes that all good things in the world have existed in China since ancient times.

Wang Shuo: It's far-fetched. Lao Xia: But the smoothness of these intellectuals has almost become an instinctive physical reaction.No matter how solemn his theories are, when he sees someone or something that is useful to him, the brightness of his eyes, the movement of his face muscles, and the slight twitch of his mouth all converge in a flattering direction.Don't believe what people say, language is the most deceptive.I believe that physical reactions, words can lie, but muscle twitches cannot, unless he has practiced to Chaplin's acting level.Big names like Fan Gang and Chen Kaige, who engage in economics and quote classics, make movies sacred and solemn, but when they appear on CCTV, they memorize all newspapers and slip away.Even that face, that expression, that tone of voice are newspapers, and they are headlines on the front page.This personality is extremely grotesque.I originally thought it was a double human right created by institutional lies, but later Foucault taught me a word called "body politics".That is to say, shamelessness and meekness flow out of his blood. He doesn't need to be taught deliberately, and he doesn't need to rehearse beforehand. He knows how to perform on any occasion, and his body responds instinctively.It used to be said that the body is the cage of the soul, but the people here are reversed, the soul becomes the cage of the body.Once the soul is tamed, it becomes the subconscious response of the body.Chen Kaige's face has been covered with yellow earth since he filmed "Yellow Earth".

Wang Shuo: In fact, their tough attitude is not easy. Old Xia: The saddest thing is that Chinese cultural people have been slaves for thousands of years, and they have been accomplices and helpers for thousands of years without knowing it.Only a few of the ancients were sober.One is Zhuangzi, who is concerned with society, culture, and politics.Completely hopeless in life, he scorned his official career with a gesture of dragging his tail in the quagmire.He saw through politics at a glance. It was an altar. Asking you to be an official is like sending a cow to the altar to be sacrificed. sacrifice.

Sangu Thatched Cottage invited you to come out of the mountain, but also to let you be a pawn of power.Therefore, Zhuangzi would rather use "the heaven and the earth as the coffin, the sun and the moon as the wall, and the stars as the pearls", and use nature as the tomb to be eaten by ants in the ground. This is more like a human way of life than walking on a political altar.If you want to live easily, be a cold-blooded stone. Wang Shuo: I think the cold-bloodedness and numbness of Chinese cultural people are also related to Lao Zhuang.Lu Xun saw this most deeply.What about the other two?

Old Xia: Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty.Although he is a Tai Shigong, he was cut off because of the involvement in the Li Ling case. His tearful "Reporting to Ren Anshu" said that his writing could not advise the emperor, and his martial arts could not fight for the emperor. His role was just "" It's just advocating the accumulation of Hua, that is, I am the high-ranking prostitutes and actors raised by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.But later intellectuals didn't even have this basic level of sober self-knowledge. After reading a few books, they wanted to be king teachers at every turn.In fact, in the eyes of the emperors, they never took you seriously.After Tang Taizong came to the throne, he took the first imperial examination and saw a lot of learned people kneeling below him. He laughed and said that all the heroes in the world are in my hands.There is also Ji Kang, whose "Letter of Breaking Friendship with Shan Juyuan" is because Shan Juyuan sent a letter to persuade him to become an official.He knows the dangers of the officialdom, and he knows that a literati is just a high-ranking slave if he is an official.The later intellectuals were not as good as one generation after another.Like Wang Anshi, Su Shi, and Zhu Xi in the Song Dynasty, their official career was no different from his poetry writing and learning.Articles are the great cause of the state. The "three immortals in the minds of scholar-bureaucrats-contributing meritorious deeds and making speeches" are the same, and they are swayed by an omnipotent personality.

Wang Shuo: It's all about the pride of a slave and the lament of not being a slave. Veteran: Yes. "Don't treat me like a human being".If you don't treat me as a human being, I still know how to live, and I live in a lively and elegant way.As soon as you treat me as a human being, I don't know how to live, and I don't know what to do. In the end, I committed suicide by throwing myself into the lake.Qu Yuan was expelled from the court by King Huai of Chu, which gave him a chance to be a man. He could live out his self-esteem independently in resistance, but he couldn't think about it and threw himself into the lake.The greatest sorrow of a slave is that the master does not understand his loyalty.The greatest joy of a slave is that the master regards him as a guest, chatting about knowledge or economic affairs. Wang Shuo: Such a precious night, I am afraid that I will continue to remember it in the grave. Lao Xia: I think Chinese scholars, as long as they know who is going to summon him, he will stay up all night thinking about what to wear tomorrow, what to say, and what facial expression should be appropriate when shaking hands. Wang Shuo: There is no one who can be hardened. Veteran: Yes.Chen Yinke, Liang Shuming.In the early 1950s, Chen Yinke was invited by Beijing many times to go north from Guangdong to be the director of the Second Institute of History. He proposed three chapters of the contract, and he would not go if the higher authorities did not accept it. In the end, Chen Yinke still did not go north.He was at Sun Yat-sen University, except for some shocks during the "Cultural Revolution", the higher authorities basically treated him with courtesy.During the difficult period after the Great Leap Forward, Tao Zhu was in charge in Guangdong, protecting Chen Yinke, and provided him with a special food for high-level cadres. Others could not even fill their stomachs, but Chen could eat eggs, meat, sugar, etc.Chen Yinke is already a model of Chinese intellectual personality.But if compared with the modern Saint Weil in France, it is still not enough level.Weil is a pure and thorough saint. She is a classmate with Sartre, Raymond and others, and graduated from the French Ecole Normale Supérieure. She is not a Christian, but she has devotion to God and love for people that is difficult for any believer to match.She was an ascetic monk, mingled with the lower class, went to the countryside to mine, and starved herself to death.During World War II, she was treated in the United States, but her conscience could not bear to enjoy special food for patients in the UK across the strait, and received food strictly according to the food supply of compatriots in the occupied areas of the country.He died of illness in August 1943.I think French intellectuals, adhering to the tradition of Joan of Arc, have a noble social conscience from generation to generation. From Zola to Foucault, the strong sense of social responsibility that speaks out is very touching. But in the West, there are also great writers who claim to be social conscience and irresponsible lies and lies.I just mentioned that silence in the face of injustice is shameful, and Romain Rolland is such a shameful person.Didn't he have a diary of his visit to the Soviet Union that was rediscovered fifty years later?You, Romain Rolland, saw the truth of Soviet totalitarianism fifty years ago, but because of your own beliefs and your own reputation, you put it in the sidelines, as if he was aware of the disintegration of the Soviet Union fifty years later. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the truth of the totalitarian system will be revealed to the world without you needing to expose it.And at a time when people most needed to know the truth about the Stalin era, you saw so many cruel truths, but remained silent, and protected the truth about the autocratic system from being seen. This is not only a crime against the victims of that system, It is also a crime against all mankind.The greatest thing about Solzhenitsyn is that he risked his beheading to contribute a "Gulag Archipelago" to the world. This term has become synonymous with totalitarian politics of terror, just as Auschwitz became The Holocaust became synonymous with Hitler's genocide.And you, Romain Rolland, as a world-renowned writer and humanitarian, can expose the truth without any personal risk.But you are silent! Gide, who is also a French writer, is different. He returned from the Soviet Union and published "Return from the Soviet Union" to disclose the truth.From then on, he was hated by Stalin, and he was never invited to the Soviet Union.After World War II, many intellectuals in the West were disappointed with the West, turned to the left, and went to the Soviet Union to find an ideal society.But the gradually revealed truth made people finally realize the anti-human nature of the Soviet system.Romain Rolland, as a writer, no matter what your ideal is, you must make your personal experience public, so that people will realize the inhumanity of that system earlier, which is your responsibility.If you are not silent, you will wake up to totalitarianism earlier. In this sense, silence is concealment, concealment is deception, and deception is a crime of conscience.You conceal the truth just for the halo of humanitarian conscience of leftist intellectuals on your head.At that time in France, it was the time when the liberal intellectuals of the right were fighting with the intellectuals of the left, and Romain Rolland's diary was obviously not conducive to the left camp to which he belonged.For the benefit of the faction and for the halo on his head, he actually concealed such cruel things, including the conversation with Stalin.This is so selfish.The most inexplicable thing is that when China published this diary, it did its best to praise it. That kind of boasting is completely irresponsible.Romain Rolland was nothing compared to Gide. Wang Shuo: The tone of his conversation with Stalin was particularly slanderous and coquettish.The people need to understand your matter, and we believe in the explanation of the CPSU.I remember talking about juvenile delinquency, juvenile delinquency, and juveniles were sentenced.He said: We understand very well the environment the Soviet government faced on this issue.He replaces others first.Think of a reason for the murder for the executioner.What he meant was that I asked you this question and listened to your explanations because I was afraid that others would misunderstand you. I know you must have your reasons. People who don’t know the truth don’t understand. Please explain it clearly to me, and I will replace you Explain to them, talk to them, don't let them keep in the dark and be so confused.There is a kind of cruelty in his tone, as well as slander to the executioner. Old Xia: There is also a book about Gorky, "The Biography of Gorky". The author wants to restore Gorky's true colors, and also has the flavor of defending Gorky.It is inappropriate to say that many of Gorky's thoughts and behaviors were inappropriate in the Soviet Union at that time. But no matter how great Gorky was, I cannot forgive him for his crucial role in the formation of Stalin's cult of personality.What's more, when the whole world doubted the inhumanity of the Soviet reform-through-labor system, he took more than 30 well-known intellectuals to the labor camp. After returning, what he saw was false. Only one juvenile delinquent told Gorky some truth.But he still brought other writers together to write articles praising the labor camps, saying how good the labor camps were.Solzhenitsyn accused Gorky of this.I think just this matter, no matter how inappropriate he is in some details, such as protecting an intellectual, it is unforgivable. An intellectual, a world-renowned writer, who claims to represent conscience and an "engineer of the human soul", once you lose the bottom line of honesty in such a major issue, any small repairs will be useless.Romain Rolland, as one of the few foreign witnesses of the totalitarian system, actually concealed the truth when the intellectual world was in chaos during the Cold War. After 50 years of concealment, your bottom line will be lost, and no matter how much you try to justify it, it will be useless. When I was a child, I read John.Christophe still has fond memories of him.But after reading his diary, which was not seen until fifty years later, this person was completely passed in my heart.He's dead, and I won't take another look at his stuff.Because he has no bottom line in life. Wang Shuo: Is it true that some people are momentarily confused. Old Xia: Those are two different things.You were stupid in 1949, but in 2000 it is just an excuse to say that you were stupid and deceived.Some intellectuals are also confused for a while.When he suddenly encountered a political upheaval, he became enlightened.Just like Foucault, he saw so clearly the evils of the West, diagnosed so accurately, and stabbed so sharply, but when the religious revolution broke out in Iran, Khomeini sat on the throne without firing a single shot amidst the worship of the crowd Many Westerners condemned Khomeini's theocratic regime as inhumane, but Foucault was so excited to defend it that he even went to Iran to experience the grand occasion at that time.His rebellious psychology distorted his judgment and insight.What I don’t understand is that for a rebellious great philosopher like Foucault, places like the French Academy are a typical institutionalization of intellectual power, and they are the object of his criticism.He didn't deserve to be in that academy, to get that honor.But he got in, took it, and in the process of competing for this position, he was grateful to those who supported him and hated those who opposed him.This is so disappointing for me. And Hemingway, who hated Faulkner ever since he asked Faulkner to write something for him and Faulkner refused. Human weaknesses are interlinked. Wang Shuo: From the perspective of fame and fortune, China actually does not test intellectuals too much. There is no big money, tens of millions, and no big names, such as the "Booker Prize", "Goncourt Prize", "General Litzer Prize", "Nobel Prize" and so on.Look at Guo Moruo, Mr. Guo, some people said that he was suffering in his later years. I went to his house to see that it was a palace. It is really embarrassing for me to sit in the palace and suffer.If it is in prison, it will make sense.In prison, what choice did you have to make at that time, I still believe that after painful struggles and so on.Everyone has to choose personally. Without going in, you can't say how to stand in a prison... Mr. Guo is in such a big house, it looks like he is in a prison.Conversely, the lowliness of Chinese intellectuals is natural.Now there is no direct excessive threat, and there is no big gain, they are still like this. Lao Xia: The saddest thing is that there are many people who are in a better position than us, have a higher status than us, and have a greater influence than us. It is impossible to hide a few words of the truth, but these people are silent. Wang Shuo: I was frightened by the previous nightmare.I have lingering fears. Old Xia: I think it's not just their own reasons.One is vested interests, and the mouth and hands of cannibalism are soft. Then there are the children of these people.When I went to a mentor’s house, the careful protection of his wife and other family members was like holding a priceless antique, for fear of accidentally breaking it.For everything about the elderly, including contact with the society, family members and children are there. Who will be allowed to see, how long to see, and who will be rejected. The choice is extremely utilitarian.They refused this and refused that, that is, they did not refuse a birthday cake, a birthday flower cake, or a banner of praise from a certain mayor or secretary of the municipal party committee... Wang Shuo: These family members are like parasites, living on the shriveled bodies of old people.Very poor.