Chapter 63 Goethe's Faust

Goethe's Faust Goethe was the greatest German poet of the eighteenth century.His long poetic drama "Faust" is not only his It is a masterpiece of literary and artistic work throughout his life, and it is also one of the world's immortal masterpieces of classical literature.But by Because the original work is in rhyme, it is very long. It is a long poem of 16,000 lines. Greek mythology and German local biography and allusions are very complicated and difficult to understand, and the description vocabulary is rich; It is in the form of poetry, and often a sentence needs to be expressed euphemistically with several metaphors, so in our country

Although there have been faithful and fluent translations for a long time, ordinary literature and art lovers often read this book because of the profound content of this book. Often without the courage and determination to read it.Just familiar with the name of the classic "Faust", most of them I don't know what its contents are. Goethe was born in Franck, Germany in 1749.He is a poet, novelist, dramatist and philosopher scientist.He lived a very long life, lived to be eighty-three years old, and died in 1832.Therefore, the literature produced in his life His works, like his own life, are rich and complex.His works include long narrative poems,

There are as many as sixty or seventy kinds of poetic plays, collections of short poems, novels, essays, autobiographies, etc.Today's most literary love Those who are familiar with it, besides "Faust", also has his novel "The Sorrows of Young Werther". All these Western books have Chinese translations.In addition, another of his novels "William Meister" is also for Many people love to read.His autobiography "Poetry and Truth" is a memory of his early life.this book also has Chinese translation. The poet Goethe can be said to be a genius, but also a lucky one.He was born into a wealthy family, the environment

Excellent, automatic talent.The famous "Sorrows of Young Werther" was published in 1774, he At that time, he was only a twenty-five-year-old youth, but after the publication of this book, it became popular in Germany and made Goethe become famous overnight. He became a celebrity in Europe.He has been in and out of public affairs all his life, became the guest of the Duke of Weimar, and was appointed as the Chancellor of the Weimar Duchy.Just because Goethe lived in Weimar for a long time, this city became the European cultural center at that time. center of artistic activity.In the history of literature, a writer can live such a prosperous and rich life.

Apart from Goethe, it can be said that there is no other person who can continue to produce these many literary works. Goethe's "Faust" is a full-length poetic drama, which is divided into two parts. The first part is not divided into acts, except for the short In addition to the short prologue and the "Heavenly Prologue", the first part is divided into twenty-five scenes; the second part is divided into five acts. "Faust" is a work produced by Goethe's life-long concentration.He lived to be eighty-three years old, but The writing of "Faust" took up nearly sixty years of his eighty years.Literary History

Few works in the world have taken such a long time to complete.According to Goethe's biography According to records, Goethe deliberately wrote this work, which began in 1773 and completed the first draft in 1775. Outline, several fragments were not written until 1790.But it was destroyed and rewritten.The "Floating" we read today Shide, the first part was written in 1797, and it took nine years to write, and it was not completed until 1806. The second part continued to be written for more than 20 years, and it was not finished until 1831.This one started at the age of twenty-three

His work was not officially completed until he was eighty-two years old. A year after the publication of Faust in its entirety, our The great writer died. Because "Faust" was written after such a long time, the first and second parts are in the There are great differences and changes in the structure and thought of the story.The first is the outpouring of youth's romantic thoughts, The second part is already a meditation on old philosophy. Although "Faust" is a fantasy in pursuit of the truth of life story, but in some parts of the spirit it can also be said to be a portrayal of the poet Goethe himself, who loves "truth"

And "good", although sometimes tempted by "evil" and temporarily deviate from the right path, but never really love "evil", In the end, we must still return to the road of "goodness".This is what happened to "Faust", that is, Goethe Where students strive.He once said that this work was his "companion in literary life", and he kept it beside him and wrote it again and again. It is true that it has been revised, revised and rewritten, and it has been going on for decades and still not willing to publish it. Goethe's "Faust" story is roughly like this:

Faust was originally a magician in ancient German legends. In folklore all over Germany, there are There are different biographies about him.In Goethe's "Faust" poetic drama, Faust uses a fine The attitude of an old scholar who studies the philosophy of life appears.Because he could not comprehend the mysteries of life, his mind was depressed, Almost wanted to commit suicide.Kasuga went out by chance, saw a black dog on the street, and took it back to his study.Unexpectedly The black dog was actually the incarnation of the devil Mephistopheles.He once made a bet with the Emperor of Heaven in the sky, and there must be a solution

The law can lure Shide into the magic way, so he came down to the world to lure him.Here comes Faust's study, Morpheus Then Tephilus showed his true body and seduced Faust, saying that he had the magic power to solve Faust's distress, so that He is satisfied in every way.But there is a quid pro quo, that in Faust everything in the world is content After that, he himself will sell himself to the devil.Faust agrees to the terms, Morphistopheles the devil So Faust drank a kind of magic water, rejuvenated and became a beautiful boy, and then the devil drove the cloud Head, together with Faust to go everywhere to have fun.Because there is a devil protecting him with his power, so

He can run around like a ghost.In the midst of this, he fell in love with a young girl, Margaret.But because In order to fall in love with Margaret, she killed her mother and brother, and gave birth to an illegitimate child with Margaret. As a result, Margaret was sentenced to death and refused Faust's rescue. This concludes the first volume of Faust.The second part is another world, Faust with Mo Fei Steffelus has experienced many miracles in heaven and earth, and the scenes are extremely witty and strange. Goethe's high imagination.Later, Faust was blinded, but at this moment, he couldn't help but feel satisfied. cheer.According to the contract he made with the devil, he should belong to the devil at this time.the devil is trying to win Lili took him away, but suddenly rescued him for Margali, who had already ascended to the fairy world, so that he finally got rid of the devil mastery. This is the outline of the whole story of "Faust".But the greatness of this masterpiece is that Passed Faust's ideological wavering and depression, successfully expressed the struggle between good and evil in human nature, and the song De's poetic talent shown in this poetic drama.Just know a little about the outline of the story of "Faust", It has failed to touch the true value of this work.Readers who love literary and artistic works, still try to read Take a look at this great work.