Chapter 54 Word share

Benyi said that people in the provincial capital don’t drink lei tea, and don’t know how to spin and weave cloth. It’s a pity that their families don’t have any cloth to make trousers. A pair of shorts is only the size of a palm, like a woman’s riding belt, strangling her crotch. Suffocate people.Because of this, people in Maqiao felt very sympathetic to those in the provincial capital. Every time they saw us educated youths going back to the city, they always asked us to buy more homemade cloth from the countryside and make an extra pair of trousers for our parents. We thought it was very funny, saying that there is no shortage of cloth in the city, and the shorts were made smaller for fit, good looks, or for the convenience of exercise.

The Maqiao people blinked, not quite believing it. As time goes by, we find that no matter how we explain it, we cannot eliminate the rumors of the original meaning—because we have no voice. "Huaquan" has almost no synonyms in Mandarin, but it is one of the most important words in Maqiao's vocabulary, which means language rights, or the right to occupy a certain share of the total language.People with speech rights have no special signs or identities, but as language leaders, everyone can feel their existence and feel the pressure from their hidden authority.As soon as they opened their mouths, or coughed, or gave a wink, others would shut up and listen attentively, even if they objected, they would not dare to interrupt the conversation casually.This kind of quietness is the most common display of voice share, and it is also the most tacit and most coordinated willing submission of people to the centralization of language.On the contrary, a person who has no right to speak, the so-called person who speaks lightly, says nothing. People don't care what he says, or even whether he has the opportunity to say it.His words are always lost in the indifferent wilderness, and never get a response.There are many such embarrassing things, and it is not without difficulty for a person to maintain the confidence to speak, and even maintain his normal vocal function.In the end, Yanzao almost became a real bully, which is an extreme example of the loss of speaking rights.

Those who have the right to speak, the topics they manipulate are followed by everyone, and their words, sentence patterns, tone, etc. are used by everyone. It is in the reproduction of this language that rights are formed, and in the expansion and radiation of this language. confirmed and realized in the process. The word "voice" reveals the language character of rights.A mature regime, a powerful group, always has its own powerful language system, always accompanied by a series of documents, meetings, ceremonies, speeches, classics, monuments, new concepts, slogans, works of art, and even new place names Or a new year name, etc., in order to obtain and establish their own identity in the whole society.The powers that cannot get their voices are nothing but mobs with only financial or military strength, like grass bandits who have killed and repelled the army and even occupied the capital one after another. Even if they succeed for a while, they will inevitably die short.

It is precisely because of this that the rulers always attach importance to documents and meetings.Documents and meetings are the hubs to ensure the operation of rights, and they are also the best way to strengthen speech rights.Wenshanhuihai is almost an indispensable way of life for bureaucrats and where the passion really lies.Even a meeting full of empty words, even one that is of no practical use, tends to be met with their instinctive delight.The reason is very simple, only at this time, the rostrum and audience seats will be set up, and the levels will be clearly distinguished, so that people can clearly realize how much they have to speak.The words of the powerful can be forcibly disseminated through many ears, notebooks, loudspeakers, etc.Only in this kind of atmosphere can the powerful be immersed in the language they are familiar with and feel that their rights are being nourished, nourished, enriched and protected by this language.

All this is often more important than the specific purpose of the meeting. It is also from this point that the powerful are full of natural vigilance and hostility towards languages ​​that they are not used to and are not familiar with.During the Cultural Revolution, Marx and Lu Xun were revered to the highest degree in China, two of the greats who eventually survived in empty bookstores.Even at this time, it is still very dangerous to read Marx and Lu Xun. A Marx book I had in the countryside almost became evidence of my "reactionary" crimes. The commune cadres said: That son of a devolved son does not read Chairman Mao The book read Marx's book!what thought?What feelings?

I understand that the commune cadres have no intention of opposing Marx, and I don’t know what Marx’s "The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte" said, whether it is harmful to their forbidden forestry or family planning, or whether it is harmful to them. Share dog meat.No, they don't know anything about it, and they don't care much.They stare wide-eyed, just annoyed at all the languages ​​in Marx's works that they don't understand, and feel that their words are being threatened and challenged potentially. After the Second World War, the momentum of modernist art was huge, and abstract paintings, absurd dramas, stream-of-consciousness novels and surrealist poetry shocked the world, and the hippie movement, feminist movement, and rock music and other alien cultural phenomena also followed. Come.Interestingly, almost every one of these new phenomena emerged as nefarious political conspiracies.Bourgeois newspapers attacked Picasso's abstract paintings as "the Soviet Union's evil trick to subvert Western democratic society" and "Bolshevik ideological propaganda", while rock singer "Elvis" Elvis and "The Beatles" representatives listed Farmers, suspected by churches and members of Congress as "underground agents of the Communist Party" whose purpose is to "destroy the younger generation and make them lose the struggle against communism without a fight"—their music has been playing at US military bases in Europe. It is forbidden.On the other hand, any red regime is doing almost the same thing. Modern art, regardless of its elegance and vulgarity, has been criticized by the government for decades. Official documents and university textbooks characterize it as a "pioneer of peaceful evolution", "Decadent ideology of the bourgeoisie in Western countries", "psychological drugs that poison young people" and so on.

These reactions are clearly an over-defense.No matter which side gradually realized this, they also relaxed the control standards more or less, and were even willing to use various new and different cultural vocabulary for my own use, such as using rock music to praise Yan'an or Nanniwan, and using Abstract paintings to promote the garment export industry. Of course, if these reactions are completely regarded as overdefensive.It is great naivety.In fact, an unfamiliar language is an uncontrollable language, which is almost an uncontrollable right.Regardless of its superficial political signs, it has actual centrifugal force, which causes resistance and interruption of information channels, and weakens and disintegrates the voice of the rulers to varying degrees.

Maqiao people seem to have the insight of all rulers, and they have seen through this point long ago, so they attribute power to words, to words. Let's take a look at who in Maqiao has a voice? (1) Generally speaking, women have no voice.When men talk, they are used to not interrupting, just milking babies or fixing the soles of shoes.Therefore, cadres never ask them to attend village meetings. (2) Young people have no voice.Since they were young, they have been familiar with the ancient sayings such as "adults talk and children listen", and they always let the old people speak first.Even if they are disgusted with what the old people say, they are mostly mumbling behind their backs, and they should not be rebellious and talk back in person.

(3) Poor households have no voice.Those who are rich and talented are short-tempered, and poor families are naturally short-tempered. Poor people generally feel that they are not decent enough, and they are unwilling to show their face in crowded places, so they naturally lose many opportunities to speak to others.There is also a custom in Maqiao: Anyone who owes money, even if he only owes half a liter of corn, is not allowed to play important roles such as master of ceremonies, chief priests, and bridesmaids in village weddings and ceremonies, so as not to bring bad luck to the host family.The position closest to the tea cabinet by the fire pit in each house is the most convincing position, called the main seat, and any guest other than the creditor is not allowed to sit casually, otherwise it will insult the owner.These rules ensure that people's right to speak is concentrated on the rich who hold debts.

... From this point of view, speech share is determined by a combination of factors such as gender, age, and wealth.Of course, there were more important political factors. Benyi, as the Party branch secretary and the highest ruler in Maqiao, always spoke loudly and soundly when he spoke.After a long time, he got used to the thick and loud voice, and his voice was often scarred and breathed out more than the voice, and he still breathed out everywhere.Even if a person walks with his hands behind his back, he can't keep his mouth shut. Sometimes he can't help talking to himself, asking and answering himself. "Is it possible to grow beans on this land?" "Talking about it, planting life! The rotten roots soaked in water." "I'm afraid it will be mixed with some yellow mud." "Where are you going to bear it? Where are you going to bear it? Have time? Carrying the mud, it's better to plant a few corns on the slope." "Xing Niang raised..."

In fact, it was all his own words.Sometimes walking behind him all the way, you can find that his mouth never stops, and he doesn't hesitate to ask himself to argue. One mouth can open a debate. People call him "Yida Gong", and they know that wherever he goes, there will be excitement.Commune Yubu also gave up three points to this "Yi Da Gong".There was a commune meeting, and Benyi arrived there familiarly. As usual, he first went to the kitchen to shrug his nose to check the smell of the kitchen.He found a fire from the stove to light a cigarette, and saw that there was only a large pot of radishes cut in the foot basin, and there was no meat or bone under the corner of the stove, so he immediately lowered his eyebrows, "It's unreasonable! I have no feelings for the poor and lower-middle peasants! En ?” He stormed away angrily, without even holding the meeting, and rushed all the way to the slaughterhouse of the supply and marketing cooperative, asking if there was any meat left?The butcher said the meat had just been sold out.He picked up a knife and said hurry up and catch the pig, catch the pig!The butcher said that the commune stipulates that only one pig is allowed to be slaughtered per day.Benyi said, the commune said that you can eat without money in the future, do you believe it?Wan Yu happened to be sitting here too, and said with a smile, "Okay, okay, I'll make a bowl of broth to drink today." Benyi stared, "Why are you sitting here?" Wan Yu blinked, "That's right, why am I sitting here?" Benyi was already on fire for no reason, so he slapped the knife, "Look at you so lazy, but what are you doing here during the Chinese New Year? Hurry up and go back with me! You won't finish hoeing those few piles on the north slope today." Rapeseed on acres of land, I will mobilize the masses to fight you to death!" Wan Yu was startled by the sound of the knife, so she quickly slipped out the door, but after a while, she timidly poked her oily head in, "You, you... what did you want me to do just now?" "Are you deaf? I want you to hoe rapeseed!" "I get it, I get it. Don't get angry." His shiny head retracted.Finally, Benyi breathed out, rolled a pinch of shredded tobacco, and found something behind him. Looking back, there was still a wry smile on Wanyu's face, "I'm sorry, I was impatient just now, you want me to hoe... hoe... ..." He must have been so frightened that he ran away, unable to hear anything clearly. Benyi slammed the word "rape" into his ears, and then sent him away. There was a series of pig bleats behind the house, and Benyi's complexion was finally revived.He likes butchering pigs best, and he is good at it.After another pig squawking, his face was covered with mud and his hands were bloody, and he went back to the stove to eat cigarettes.With just one knife, the pig was brought down neatly.He stayed in the slaughterhouse all the time with his mouth and tongue, and finally invited a few guys from the supply and marketing cooperatives to join the steaming stove, ate pork and drank pig blood soup, and then satisfactorily wiped the oil on his mouth and gave a beating Burp. He did not hold meetings, and commune cadres did not dare to criticize him.When he returned to the venue with a flushed face, the cadres still invited him to speak on stage, which shows that his words are very important. He said, "I won't talk too much today, just two points." This is his routine announcement before each speech.Regardless of whether he actually talks about two points, or three, four, five or even more points, and whether he talks in a few words or a long speech, he must declare in advance that he only talks about two points. As he talked, a smell of broth came up, and he talked about his previous experience in North Korea. He used his martial arts against American soldiers to prove that he is now repairing water conservancy, growing grain, raising pigs, and family planning. The task is completely achievable, but also must be completed!He always referred to American tanks as tractors.He said that on the 38th parallel, when American tractors came, the ground trembled and people peeed out.But the heroes of the Volunteer Army, one hundred feet, don’t fight, fifty feet, don’t fight, thirty feet, don’t fight, and finally, when the American tractor arrives in front of it, it will be destroyed with one shot! He hesitated triumphantly. Minister He of the commune once corrected him: "It's not a tractor, it's a tank." He blinked: "Not called a tractor? I haven't read much, and I'm a hooligan." What he meant was that he was illiterate, so it’s not surprising that he couldn’t tell the difference between a tank and a tractor. He had also studied the word tank seriously, but when it came to the next meeting, he was nervous as usual. Finally, it was still a tractor. His language mistakes of this kind did not affect his words in the slightest. "People only die of illness, not others", "Big disasters lead to big harvests, small disasters lead to small bumper harvests", "Everyone wants to improve their thinking, progress and the world", etc. These words do not make much sense, but because they come from his original meaning , it gradually became common and passed down.He was a little deaf, and once heard Chairman Mao's quotation "The line is a guideline, and the guideline is a plan" from a commune cadre, and he heard it as "The line is a pile, and the pile is nailed to the pile." There was an obvious mistake, but because the word "pile" came out In his mouth, Maqiao people have always believed in it, and instead laughed at us educated youths for calling the route a "guideline". What is the guideline? !