Chapter 36 Li Baiqi

From the age of forty-six to fifty-five, Li Bai roamed all over the country. , Shaanxi. Ten years of "Jiuyin Anlu", ten years in Keliang Garden, five years of roaming in the south of the Yangtze River and three years of Hanlin bachelor in between. The main track of Li Bai's life is in these twenty-eight or nine years.Du Fu said: There are thousands of quick poems, and a glass of wine.This verse describes Li Bai very well.Wandering is Li Bai's normal state. He doesn't have much concept of homeland. Although he also writes poems to miss his children, it is far worse than Du Fu's family affection.In his hometown in Sichuan, there are a lot of brothers and sisters, but he hardly mentions a word.This is intriguing, and scholars are often vague.There are many brothers and sisters, which dilutes family affection, including the affection for parents?The sense of home and family are closely linked.All the writings about Li Bai that I have seen, without exception, beautify his family and friendship, which is hard but not necessarily flattering.Grasp Li Bai as Li Bai, and avoid making him exhaustive.This is also a common problem in describing outstanding literati in ancient times in the history of literature for classroom use.

The sages of ancient and modern sages will not follow the same path.The tension of history stems from the differences in individual lives. Li Bai had two women who lived together. Mrs. Xu died and Mrs. Liu left.Historical materials also mention "Zaihe Luyi woman", which means that a man and a woman meet together, similar to cohabitation.Although the Tang Dynasty was open, cohabitation was rare.This unidentified Shandong woman may have been taking care of his children until he married the Zong family, and she disappeared, just like the Liu family.The Zong family is like the Xu family. His grandfather was a prime minister in Wu Zetian's time. He was a famous lady. Marrying Li Hanlin may have needs from both parties.Zong's treatment of Li Bai was good.But the exact time of her marriage is not very clear, it may be after Li Bai was fifty years old.

The time Li Bai spent in the inn far exceeded the days when he went home. He doesn't care about money. He uses the gold and silver given by the emperor to build restaurants, not for business, but for the convenience of drinking.He is a dignified Li Hanlin, and the restaurant has a certain scale. After he left, the restaurant will probably be handed over to a friend.There is no record of any friend running the business for him.After leaving Chang'an, his biggest impulse was to become a fairy, and he dismissed the worldly things. Some scholars believe that the famous "Meng Liu Tian Mu Yin Liu Farewell" was written in this period.He made alchemy, pursued high heavenly masters, was drunk during the day and dreamed at night at night, and in his dreams while drunk, immortals were frequent visitors.The gods gave him the spiritual capital to look down on the court: An Neng raised his eyebrows and bowed his waist to serve the powerful.I heard that there was a female Taoist priest in the mountains who lived two or three hundred years old, but she looked only in her forties.He searched for a female Taoist priest, and it can be said that he has worked so hard. With a body nearly half a century old, he traveled all over the thirty-six peaks in nine days, but he didn't see her. I have doubts, after all, I have been searching for immortals for decades, but I haven't seen a single one.The question is: why is his urge to seek immortality so great?Is it related to his name, his innate mysterious atmosphere?

Li Bai's ability to feel the night sky is unparalleled, and his eyes are brighter than the stars.He described the moon tirelessly, and he coined the most words, ranking first in China and abroad.The most eye-catching crater on the moon, the United Nations named it after Li Bai.The moon is both a god and his old friend: A jug of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without a blind date.Raise your glass to invite the bright moon, and make three people face each other. The moon does not drink, and the shadow follows me.暂伴月将影，But still for a while I want to accompany the moon, 行乐须及春。 I should be to enjoy life in the spring.

My singing moon wanders, my dancing shadow is chaotic.醒时同交欢，Pursue pleasure when I am awake, 醉后各分散。 When drunken I reel, our companionship ends. Forever and ruthless travel, we will meet each other for a long time. Li Bai can sing and dance, but he never leaves his wine and sword. He described Guan Shanyue with a special mood: The bright moon rises from the Tianshan Mountains, between the boundless moon sea.The wind blows tens of thousands of miles across the Yumen Pass. Wang Changling was deposed by the court, and Li Bai's moon and farewell contacted: "I send my heart to Mingyue, and follow you to the west of Yelang."

And "a whole month in Chang'an, the sound of thousands of households pounding clothes" blends the women's longing for their husbands into the cold moonlight. Li Bai had a son named Mingyuenu, but he didn't know who gave birth to it. Wang Anshi was dissatisfied with Li Bai's writing poems, and nine out of ten he could not do without wine and women.In the modern and contemporary anthologies we have seen, almost every article has the moon.The ancient poet Yongyue, except for the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, which was taken by Su Dongpo, most of the moons in other "classic scenes" belonged to Li Bai.

Li Bai was fascinated by gods, and the sky and mountains in his eyes were full of divinity.When we read him today, we should have a kind of devotion to nature, to the universe, and to the unfathomable human soul. All major fields.Culturally, he also regards himself as a figure for thousands of years: "I am determined to delete the narrative, so that it will reflect the glory of the future." Confucius deleted poems, but did not write, and Li Bai wanted to follow Confucius.Sometimes he even said: "I am a madman from Chu, and Feng Ge laughs at Confucius." Even though he is not a Hu, he is also an outlier among Han people, with a particularly outstanding personality. He has read Chinese classics since childhood, but he has not become a bookworm.The powerful life impulse internalizes the classics in the flesh.His idealism and his emotions and desires are wonderfully fused together.

It is rare for ancient Chinese characters to be free and unrestrained like Li Bai.It is obviously not enough to look at him from a literary point of view.Summarizing him with romanticism, I always feel that there is something missing: he can't help the people and the society, so he is romantic.There is an invisible cover here.After all, he was still ruled by power.This mode of understanding originates from the metaphysical separation of subject and object, dismantling life.It's better to use your intuition and aim at this vivid, spray-like life form as much as possible. Boldly say: Regarding Li Bai's review articles, it is better to read less.

Great anthologies that have been reprinted over and over again are good: they stand the test of time.A lot of basic work has made us, the beneficiaries, feel grateful to the senior scholars. Li Bai's "Ten Years in Liangyuan" is not as good as "Ten Years in Anlu".He doesn't save money either.How much Tang Xuanzong gave him is not recorded in historical materials, probably not less.He built a restaurant and spent most of his time looking for fairy flowers.Roaming also costs money, although officials often give gifts.His current identity is Li Hanlin, a celebrity who has been an emperor and a noble concubine.With such a status, the officials couldn't figure out his details, and would rather look up to him.Some of his gift poems may be understood as exchanging poems for money and things.Later, it gradually failed. As Li Hanlin's aura diminished day by day, and fewer people supported him, he complained: "The old friends are not sympathetic, and the new friends would rather see each other."

He swam to Xinping (Bing County, Shaanxi Province) almost penniless.I can barely fill my stomach, but the clothes to keep out the cold have become a problem: "The long wind blows into the short sleeves, and the hands are like ice." He swam back to Donglu, like a lion tired of an expedition returning to its familiar woodland.There is Liu Changshi in Lu County, who gave him some silk, and he thanked Dade: "Lu Xi is as white as smoke, and the five strands are not in a bundle. Before leaving, I will give it to poor friends, and a foot of mountains is heavy!" Li Hanlin, who spends money like water, already calls himself a poor friend.A mere foot of ruby ​​is actually heavier than a mountain.And in Huaiyin, Han Xin’s hometown, he stayed late at night and had a full meal. He compared the other party to the drifting mother who rescued Han Xin: "I voted in Huaiyin to stay in Huaiyin, and I was welcomed by the drifting mother. Cooking yellow chicken with fighting wine, a meal is sincere." .”

His ideal of doing great things failed to come true, but he comforted the Confucian scholars of the younger generation and said: Ask me what's on my mind, and make a speech for you: You see my talent, how is it like Lu Zhongni? The great sage is still not met, and the little Confucian is sad. Li Bai is impoverished, and he still considers himself a great sage, which makes people think of the lovely Sun Dasheng who dares to fight against the emperor of heaven.Sun Wukong and Li Taibai are both undefeated despite all difficulties. Li Bai's "gentlemen are solidly poor" is different from Confucius, Tao Yuanming, and Su Dongpo.The outstanding literati in ancient times erupted with great spiritual power, which is really colorful. There is an admirer who has been looking for him and chasing him for several years.This man is Wei Wan, a young man, "dressed in Japanese fur, hiding the wind and dust." Wei Wan went to Kaifeng, and Li Bai went to Shandong.Wei Wan rushed to Shandong, and Li Bai went to Jiangnan.Wei Wan spent two years running around, and finally saw Li Bai, who was in his fifties, in Guangling (Yangzhou). His first impression was: "The eyes are piercing, like a hungry tiger; .” The description of these sixteen characters is different in time.Li Bai, who was like a hungry tiger, changed into a romantic one, and there may be a few days' interval in between.When Wei Wanchu saw Li Bai, he was probably taken aback: Li Bai shot at people with both eyes, trembling like a hungry tiger. —The great poet is in trouble.As for Yangzhou, he once gave away 300,000 yuan.Judging from Wei Wan's clothes, he is undoubtedly the noble son of a rich family.Li Bai is full of wine and food, neatly dressed, and has a coquettish manner, which is in line with Wei Wan's imagination of idols. Li Bai was moved this time, and wrote a poem to praise Wei Wan: "Floating on the Bian River in the east, visit me for three thousand miles."Li Bai handed over the drafts of poems to Wei Wan and asked him to compile them into a collection.Whether Wei Wan presented some money is not recorded.A few years later, Wei Wanzhong, a Jinshi, compiled "Li Hanlin Collection" and handed it down to the world, and also wrote a preface.Except for the preface, this earliest collection has not been handed down.There are more than 900 poems by Li Bai, which are said to be just the tip of the iceberg of all his poems.Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty often sighed for this. Li Bai has a song "To Wang Lun", which is a masterpiece expressing friendship: Li Bai was about to go on a boat, when he suddenly heard the sound of singing on the shore.The peach blossom pool is thousands of feet deep, not as good as Wang Lun's love for me. Wang Lun is a native of Chencun, Jing County, Xuanzhou (now part of Anhui), and Taohuatan is a scenic spot in Xuanzhou.Li Bai traveled to Xuancheng, and Wang Lun rushed to the city to meet him and accompany him on a tour of Peach Blossom Pool.Although Wang Lun is a countryman, he is bold and forthright, like Li Bai, who does not hesitate to spend money.Li Bai was about to leave when he suddenly saw a group of people on the shore singing.Stepping songs: singing while walking hand in hand, stepping to the beat, very popular in Jing County.Wang Lun's singing is particularly loud.But Li Bai's eyes were brighter: so many people gave him gifts, and they brought many gifts: eight good horses, ten bundles of good cloth... Li Bai knew that after this trip, the chance of seeing Wang Lun again was rare, so he couldn't help being very moved. Good sentences seem to fall from the sky. Among the folks in ancient China, there were many Wang Lun-style characters.Do things according to your temperament, not like us, you have to think twice about a small matter. Li Bai has traveled very well in recent years, and his reputation has risen sharply. Not only in the official and literary circles, there have been wine shops with his name as a sign among the people.In Dangtu (now Fengyang, Anhui), an old man named Jisou got one of his poems, and a small restaurant opened into a big restaurant, and countless "Taibai Restaurant", "Taibai Restaurant" and "Taibai Restaurant" have been hung along the banks of the river since then Taibai Legacy" signboard.I have never been to Fengyang, I think it will be the same today, right?This rich poem by Li Bai is about the Yangtze River: "The gate of heaven interrupts the opening of the Chu River, and the clear water flows eastward here. The green mountains on both sides of the bank face each other, and the lonely sails come from the sun." He roamed in Anhui and took Xuancheng as his landing point.Xuanzhou Governor Shi Li Zhao is his relative.There is a north building behind the state capital, which was built by Xie Tiao, a poet of the Southern Dynasties when he was the prefect of Xuanzhou, and it has been well preserved for hundreds of years.Xie Tiao and Xie Lingyun are two of Li Bai's favorite poets.In addition to writing good poems, Er Xie was also proud of his official career and was good at living in seclusion.Li Bai's contemporary poets Wang Wei, Gao Shi, Meng Haoran and others admired Tao Yuanming, but according to Li Bai's standards, Yuanming was not as good as Er Xie: this Tao Pengze was too thorough. Li Bai climbed up to the North Tower and immediately renamed the ancient building: Xie Tiao Tower.It is not difficult to imagine his tone of speech to the state officials. He has been like this in his early years, and now he is famous all over the world. Could it be that he is still humble?Officials walked left and right around him, as if he was the leader.When the North Building was changed to Xie Tiao Building, small characters such as secretaries would think: Tell us to jump off the building?Thank you, thank you... In fact, the North Tower, which state officials are accustomed to, will immediately become a famous building through the ages once it encounters Li Bai's magical eyes: Those who abandon me will not stay in the day of yesterday. Those who mess with my mind will be more troubled today. Changfeng thousands of miles to send autumn geese, you can enjoy tall buildings. The Penglai article is built with bones, and Xiao Xie Qingfa in the middle. All Huai Yi is prosperous and thinking of flying, and wants to go to the blue sky to embrace the bright moon. When you draw a knife to cut off the water, the water flows even more, raise your glass to relieve your sorrow, and your sorrow is even more sorrowful. Life is unsatisfactory in the world, and the Ming Dynasty spread out boats. Li Bai is in a good mood here, and inspiration gushes out like magma, and the dissatisfaction that has been suppressed for many years explodes like a virus.Tianbao left Chang'an for three years, exactly ten years. The prefect and the long history all applauded, and the staff even raised their arms and shouted: Banished immortals, banishing immortals, banishing immortals!It is said that this poem spread to Jinling, Luoyang and Chang'an within a month.Poets, officials, literate businessmen and ordinary people all over the world, those who don't know this poem, feel very angry. At that time, the way of dissemination of culture and art was just right, and crooked poetry could not be spread.And the poets, writers, and entertainers who are now trying to use the Internet can spread rumors about crooked melons and bad dates. Li Bai was fifty-five years old this year.Xuancheng changed his living situation, and he no longer "turned around".There is Jingting Mountain in the north of the city. He went to see the mountain and found that this unknown one was very interesting: he couldn't get enough of it.In his life, he has seen countless people and seen countless mountains. "The five mountains are not far away when looking for immortals, and it is easy to travel to famous mountains all his life." Thanks to his amazingly bright eyes, the beauty of mountains and rivers can be presented.This beauty is different in thousands of ways, corresponding to the various living conditions of people.Looking at the mountains is also looking at the heart through the mountains.He wrote bold and unrestrained poems, and left Jingtingshan with a quiet five-character quatrain: All the birds fly high, and the lone cloud goes idle alone.I never tire of looking at each other, only Jingting Mountain. If this poem is included in Tao Yuanming's collection, it will be enough to confuse famous works. Li Bai has already reached the peak state of artistic creation. He has suffered enough and been depressed for a long time. In the next few years, he only needs to release the huge energy in his heart, and good poems will come to his pen continuously. Life is not bad either.With his great reputation, friends are competing to invite him, and officials from all over the country will surely not neglect him.The scope of his travels will also expand.He has enough ability to surprise "the world is the world", and the world will always be fresh to him. However, the prosperous age came to an end, and the troubled times suddenly came: the power structure collapsed, a general rebelled, and the people of the world suffered.The general's name is An Lushan. The poet has to adjust his inner rhythm.The general situation of the world has changed the direction of his destiny, and he will enter the final suffering of his life.