Chapter 23 Tao Yuanming Ba

It is not good to be rich, but it is good to be rich through hard work.But it is often difficult for hardworking people to get rich. Those who get up early and wait until late, those who rush on the road in wind and rain, those who are exposed to the scorching sun, and those who work overtime, how many people get rid of poverty and how many people become rich? Don't talk about this. Yuanming lived in Nancun for two or three years. Generally speaking, his life was good. There is poverty in his poems, but he is in a good mood.When people with simple hearts are together, they have wine to weigh it, and they climb high to compose new poems.Art, nature, and friendship belong to people with simple hearts, and people with mixed hearts are not worthy.Yuanming's family has a tradition of wine making, "When I make new wine, a chicken is called to the bureau." Near bureau: neighbor.There is also an explanation that the ancients gathered to drink and call the game.Sometimes he filters the wine with a Gejin hat, pours out the lees, and puts the hat back on.He is good at killing chickens, and his movements are neat, and Mrs. Zhai will close his eyes when he is beside him.Dongpo liked to eat chicken, and he explained that he was imitating him, "Killing all the chickens in Xicun in one day." ——Dongpo built a bridge for Huizhou, and the people killed chickens to reward him.Yuanming lived in South Village, where he taught peasant children to read and write. Most of them were free of charge, and occasionally they collected something, or went to the children's house for a meal of wine.There was a dispute in the village, and Tao Pengze was asked to arbitrate it.He wore short clothes and bare feet, and he judged the case well.The dispute is settled, this family invites that family, saves the government's legal fees, and uses it to buy wine... Village gatherings usually have a reason, and neighbors are harmonious, and there are always reasons for it.The so-called plain heart is not empty talk.A harmonious society can last. It should be said that harmony is the best value in natural villages in the farming era. Life in this direction is like water flowing eastward.With it, Xunyang was turned upside down, but Nancun was peaceful.

Work at sunrise and rest at sunset, but Yuan Ming wants to break the thousand-year-old practice, "When the sun enters the room, it is dark, and the salary is replaced by a candle. Happy comes, the bitterness is short, and the evening is short, and it has returned to the sky." Yuanming is about fifty. He is old, behaves like a teenager, and drinks happily.This is the poet's style, but also the wine fairy's attitude.Later, when Li Bai passed Chaisang to pay homage to Yuanming's hometown, it is said that he could not sober for three days.But the wine in Li Bai's hands is more or less like a prop.Behind the Immortal of Poetry and Immortal of Wine, there is actually a huge hidden figure.

Yuan Ming mixed with peasants, but he was different from them.It is very important that he can write poetry and have aesthetic insight.He lives between farming and literature. "Appreciate the strange texts together, and analyze the doubts." His friends are still many scholars.And these scholars, because of their unsatisfactory official careers, have pure artistic standards.Where there are many dignitaries and dignitaries, Yuanming's Tianjiayu will be sneered at. Wei and Jin articles, there was a short period of free passage, but in the end they still inherited Han Fu, piling up rhetoric and advocating beauty.Yuanming writes about chickens and dogs, mulberry and hemp, and cooking smoke, which is simply a sight to behold.Official literary standards have long rejected Yuanming.It can be seen from this that the truth of Yuanming lies in his poetic style. He has no official standards in his eyes, and he writes whatever life presents to him.He is always in a state of interaction with what is around him and what is close to him.Proximity is not the concept of distance. When Heidegger analyzed "nearness" in the sense of phenomenology, he said: "Go far away and make it nearer." From this we can see that "nearness" is a dynamic thing, and white clouds are also close, and millennia are also close. Nearly... outstanding aesthetic perception, magic in the ordinary.Yuan Ming reached the highest level of Chinese poetry only inadvertently.Inadvertently, it happened to reveal the generosity.There is no better portrayal of rural China for thousands of years.Li Bai obviously couldn't write about him, so he turned to the famous mountains and rivers.Du Fu turned again and went deep into the suffering world... It is not enough to say that Yuanming pioneered pastoral poetry, and all the great poets later benefited from him in one way or another.

Maybe we can say: how vulgar he is! When Song Ci rose, wasn't it also called vulgar?Look at that Liu Sanbian who wrote the lyrics according to the order, his whole body is full of market spirit. Yuanming writes about the countryside, and Liu Yong writes about the city, and the style of writing is consistent.Poetry uses slang, village language and common language, and Yuan Ming is the undisputed master.Of course, he also has inheritance, such as "Book of Songs. National Style" and Han Yuefu folk songs. Let's take a look at another famous piece by him, the first piece of "Thirteen Poems of the Classic of Mountains and Seas", written at the age of forty-four, in Meng Xia's residence in Yuantian.In midsummer, Sonoda Residence burned down.

Meng Xia has long grass and trees, and the greenery around the house is sparse.All Wu Xin have trust, and I also love my hut. I have plowed and planted, and I still read my book from time to time. …Drink spring wine happily and pick vegetables from my garden. The light rain comes from the east, and the good wind goes with it... There is a high-spirited attitude in the poem.When he gets along with a simple person, he is modern because of his carefreeness; when he has a relationship with nature, he is affectionate and powerful, and his innate high spirits are ready to come out.He recited poems, presumably with gestures: The light rain comes from the east, and the good wind goes with it!Zhu Xi, a great Confucian in the Southern Song Dynasty, understood him very well, calling him a bold and unrestrained school.He chanted Jing Ke, full of pride.

Plain and unrestrained, Yuan Ming has both. The birds are happy and trustworthy, and I also love my hut.The words are plain, but affectionate.Expressive expressions, the simpler the words, the more touching.Soon, Sonotian Residence was destroyed by fire. Not only did Yuanming sigh, but we also felt sorry for him.His residence is the source of his sense of beauty, and the sense of beauty he provides will benefit the Chinese people of later generations. Full of merit, yet man dwells poetically on the earth. "The poet among poets" Holderlin wrote this famous line, but it looks like he is writing Tao Yuanming.Life does not avoid hardships, and there is joy and beauty in the hardships. Thanks to Tao Yuanming, the countryside appears as scenery, and the ordinary life of the farmhouse is elevated to poetry.Right now, farmhouses all over the country should have a contribution from Yuanming, right?Cultural inheritance, literati are the core.Their emotions, integrity, and tastes have a major and imperceptible impact on daily life.

Yuan Ming has a poem that has been quoted and explained countless times, and we should not miss it. "Two Poems of Nostalgia for Ancient Farm Houses at the Beginning of the Year of Kuimao", the second says: The teacher has a legacy, worry about the road and not the poor.Looking forward is difficult to catch, turning desire and long-term diligence. Bing Lei enjoys current affairs, Xie Yan persuades farmers.Pingchou is far away, and the good seedlings are also full of new ideas. Although there is no amount of years of merit, that is to say, there are many things to be happy about.There is a time for farming, but the traveler doesn't care.

When the sun enters the phase and returns, the pot of pulp works for the neighbors.Changyin covers the chaimen, chatting for the people of Longmu. The first teacher refers to Confucius.Said: "A gentleman seeks the way but not food. Farming is where he is discouraged; learning is where income is. A gentleman is worried about the way and not about poverty." Confucius was speaking to scholars. Yuanming did not forget it, but he was unable to do what he wanted.If you are good at learning, you will be an official, and it is difficult to become an official, and it is even more difficult in troubled times.The sage also said: If a country has no way, it will be stupid.Yuanming "turned his desire to work hard" and made preparations for long-term farming.The peasants were dissatisfied with the harsh government, so he went to persuade them.He is a scholar, and he understands that being a farmer is the bottom line of survival, and there is no way out.Instead of complaining and hating, it is better to have some humor and some joy.In my memory of the days of production teams, farmers were having fun cutting wheat and harvesting millet under the scorching sun.Writer Liu Yutang also said: Collective labor is good, and love is produced...