Chapter 9 Chapter 8 Lecture in a Middle School

Chapter 8 Lecture in a Middle School 1 In order to teach you this lesson, I made such a design.First of all, please read my "Why do children have to go to school?" "The person who wrote this article wrote down his thoughts.This article was told to Japanese children when I first came to work at the Free University of Berlin this year.One of the parents of those children was German.Since this article was published in a German newspaper, I re-wrote it in Japanese using as easy a translation as possible.I wrote this matter so complicated because I want to make it clear that it is very difficult and interesting to let foreigners understand my thoughts abroad.If I can speak German directly, I can tell German people what I want to say directly in German.But I don't speak German, so the lecture notes at the Free University of Berlin are in English.

Speaking my thoughts in a foreign language like this, and then writing them out, I gained some new experiences in the process.Compared with thinking and speaking in Japanese, when expressing yourself in a foreign language, you can observe yourself more objectively.In addition, in any case, there are cases where it cannot be expressed in a foreign language.This kind of part that can only be expressed in Japanese is actually the part that only Japanese can communicate. From now on, you will continue to learn. From the bottom of my heart, I hope that you can learn a foreign language well, to the extent that you can actually use it.

2 After copying that article, I handed it over to everyone, and asked them to write their thoughts.I am a writer, and my daily life is to write and revise articles.This is my life as a writer. Here comes the habit.There are good habits and bad habits.Have bad habits, such as smoking.According to investigations and studies, medical workers pointed out that smoking is the cause of lung cancer. Therefore, it is best not to learn to smoke when you grow up, even if your father smokes. If possible, it is best to persuade him to get rid of this bad habit.A habit like smoking is a bad habit. Of course, there are also good habits.Like the habit of brushing your teeth carefully.I caught up with the war when I was young. You may be surprised to hear that I have never seen toothpaste in soft packaging like it is now.And getting a decent toothbrush and tooth powder is hard.The teacher taught us to wash our teeth with our hands dipped in salt.Although my mother put a lot of emphasis on getting her kids to read and study, brushing her teeth was less strict.That's good, so I didn't develop a good habit of brushing my teeth seriously, and I can say that I regret it.

It is also a good habit to pay special attention to revising the finished article.At least I will repeatedly revise the novels I have written.Without such good habits, I don't think I would be a writer to this day. So, what is the benefit of revising an already written article? The benefits of this are that the article becomes easier for readers to understand, and the second is that for myself, the modification will improve the quality of the article.The two are interrelated, and you might as well try to do it in the future. Just as sports can exercise our body, practicing revising our own articles can exercise our spirit.How I look forward to passing on to you the experience that is very important to me.

3 One more thing I want to tell you is how to extend and expand your knowledge when you were young, and how to connect all this with work and life when you grow up.Your parents are also here today, I hope that parents can also listen to me talk about my own learning process. I am a writer, not specialized in education, although I have listened to lectures on Introduction to Education and Educational Psychology in large classrooms when I was in college.I have also participated in educational internships, but I have never been a teacher in junior high school or high school.I started in Mexico City and lectured at several campuses of the University of California, Princeton University, and the Freie Universität Berlin, but those were literature lectures specifically for undergraduates, not education in general.

Therefore, I am not from the perspective of teaching people, but from the perspective of being taught, I will talk about my personal experience of how to learn.The situation in my school when I was a child, you have written some of it in my articles that you have read beforehand.Because just after the defeat, in our Shikoku Forest school, among the teachers from the upper grades of elementary school to the new middle school, that is, among the teachers of our current age, not so many have studied education in normal schools and universities.Although the elderly teachers graduated from the normal school, they have always lived in the village.They taught us so "naturally" the exact opposite of everything the war taught us.This is of course not a good thing, the students—especially me, don't trust the teachers very much.

So, this is really not a good thing, I made up my mind arrogantly: I should study by myself.The learning method I found is: no matter it is a textbook or other books, as long as I find something interesting in it, or I think it is correct, I will record it in a notebook and memorize it.Moreover, I also write down the foreign words and names that appear in it, and then try to find it through other books 4 I said earlier that I still do it to this day, and it's true.I can give a recent example.When I decide to give this class, I want to say some words that can be useful for the education of the big family.This happened in the summer of 2000, so I re-read the books on education issues that I had read in recent years.

The author and title of one of the books, I hope everyone can remember it when they go to college.This is the work of the Canadian scholar Noslov Frye, and the Japanese translation of the book is called "The Great System".It is a pity that I cannot give too much introduction to his role in human culture and language here. There is such a passage in this book, I will quote it here, and the translation is my translation: The so-called teacher, at least since Plato's Meno, is supposed to be like this: he is not teaching what he knows to some one of those ignorant people, Nanchang is a person dedicated to doing so. The author—he inspired the students to reformulate the question ①, and more than anything in his strategy for doing this ③, let the students realize that although they cannot express it clearly in words, in fact He knows ④.Of course it also involves breaking down the forces that prevent the student from knowing what he already knows and that depress the student's mind.This is the reason why the teacher often asks questions compared to the students.

This passage sounds difficult, right?It doesn't matter if you still don't understand it, I put numbers on the words and commas that appear in this text.I am now using this article as a specific example to illustrate how a person should study, and I hope that everyone will master the corresponding strategy, that is, the part marked with ③ in the quotation. The word "strategy" means strategy in English. When you play a game, you must first determine the big policy, right?Taking football as an example, Coach Truhi said after winning the game that we should play defense in the first half and attack in the second half. This is our established strategy.When the goal was about to be shot in the second half, the player Nakamura passed the ball to the player Gao Yuan several times. This is a specific combat method, it is tactics (tactics). You have a request that you want to ask your parents and want them to agree no matter what. At that time, maybe you were not so clear in terms of language preparation, but didn't you have some calculations in your heart?This is the part of ④ in the quotation just now.

Moreover, sometimes I feel that it is somewhat bad to say something explicitly to parents, right?This matter is therefore kept in mind, which constitutes a kind of psychological repression.In English, it is repression, which is ⑤ in the quotation just now. ① is marked next to the word "problem" in the previous quotation. The original text of this word is English subject, and people usually translate it into subject, but I want to emphasize "the question we are thinking about now". So, the more common word "problem" was used for translation. The word "re-propose" in the subtitle is relative to re-create in English. There is a "-" after Re, which means that this is a compound word, and the pronunciation is like what I just read, it is rikrieit.My pronunciation is not good, it may sound difficult to distinguish.If there is no "-", the spelling is the same as recreate, and the pronunciation becomes relroeit.

The reason why I say so trivially is because when I was a child, I was very keen on looking through dictionaries, memorizing the meaning of English articles carefully to the extent that I could accurately say the content in Japanese.Therefore, on a certain occasion, I can judge based on this and say, "Ah, this is the same thing as that sentence in English." It is of course best to understand English according to the English context like many returned children do, but This is how I remember it, and the environment in which I grew up made it so that I could only do it this way.As a result, it takes a long time to read English books, but this is obviously beneficial.If you read carefully, it takes time to read Japanese books. There is a scholar named Yanagida Kunio who has such a high theory: to imitate what the teacher teaches is to learn, which is consistent with the ancient meaning of the word "learning"; to learn what you have learned so that you can use it flexibly. It is called learning, for example, we often say "learning to ride a bicycle"; being able to judge without teaching is called "enlightenment".He said that people should go from learning to learning, and if possible, they should enter the state of "enlightenment".Well, re-create is not doing something for the first time, but it is very close to doing it from scratch, that is, doing it again, so I use "re-propose" to translate it from time to time. For excellent music performers, even if they are playing Chopin's famous piece in front of us, they will recreate this work with the mood of co-creating with us.In my opinion, playing is a kind of re-create. them.Later, when I entered high school and became free, I was more active in doing it, using the method just mentioned to search from one book to another, just like this, I found the books I wanted to read, and connected them together.This is how I learn.I still use this learning method to this day.