Chapter 24 Appendix III

Appendix 3: Main Components in Tea and Their Pharmacological Functions Pharmacological Functions of Tea Components Purine Bases Caffeine 1.Excite the nerve center, eliminate fatigue and improve labor efficiency. 2.Resist the toxic effects of alcohol, nicotine, morphine, etc. 3.It has excitatory and cardiotonic effects on the central and peripheral vascular systems and the heart. 4.Increase renal blood flow, improve glomerular filtration rate, diuretic effect. 5.It has a relaxing effect on smooth muscle and can eliminate the spasm of bronchi and bile duct. 6.It controls the body temperature center of the hypothalamus and has the function of regulating body temperature.

7.Directly excite the respiratory center, rescue respiratory failure. The function of theophylline is similar to that of caffeine. It excites the nerve center weaker than caffeine, strengthens blood vessels and strengthens the heart, and is stronger than caffeine in diuresis and relaxation of smooth muscle. Theobromine has a similar function to caffeine and theophylline. Its excitatory nerve center is weaker than the former two, its cardiotonic effect is weaker than theophylline, but stronger than caffeine, and its diuretic effect is worse than the former two, but its persistence is strong.

Phenolic derivatives flavonoids and their glycosides 1.It plays the role of vitamin P, promotes the absorption of vitamin C, and prevents scurvy. 2.Diuretic effect. Catechins 1.It has the function of vitamin P. 2.Anti-radiation typhoid. 3.Treat migraines. Phenolic derivatives Polyphenols and their complex substances Tannins 1.It can inhibit and sterilize the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria. 2.Astringent to treat burns. 3.Antidepressant for heavy metal salt and alkaloid poisoning. 4.Ease gastrointestinal tension, prevent inflammation and relieve diarrhea. 5.Increase the strength and toughness of microvessels and prevent high blood pressure.

6.Treat diabetes. Continued tea ingredients pharmacological functions aromatic substances terpenes such as terpinol alcohol 1 .Stimulating expectorant drugs. 2.Treat bronchitis. Phenols such as cresol 1.Kill pathogenic bacteria. 2.It can stimulate, anesthetize and prevent necrosis on the skin and mucous membranes. 3.It has an analgesic effect on the nerve center after being excited and then inhibited. Alcohols such as B, C, butanol 1.Depresses the heart. 2.Kill pathogenic bacteria. Aldehydes such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde 1.Has a sterilizing effect. 2.It has mild irritation to the respiratory mucous membrane, and it can be used as a drug to relieve irritation.

Acids such as A, acetic acid 1.It has the effect of inhibiting and killing mold and bacteria. 2.It has a stimulating effect on mucous membranes and skin wounds. 3.Has the effect of dissolving cutin. Esters such as methyl salicylate 1.Anti-inflammatory and analgesic. 2.Treatment of acute rheumatoid arthritis. 3.Reduce the content of vitamin C and cholesterol in the adrenal cortex. 4.Reduce the number of eosinophilic white blood cells in the blood. 5.Inhibits hyaluronidase and plasmin, and has a therapeutic effect on inflammation. 6.Promote the excretion of uric acid and have the effect of treating gout.

7.It has a good effect on sugar metabolism and relieves diabetes. Continued tea ingredients, pharmacological functions, vitamins, provitamin A, including β-ionone and carotene 1.Maintain the normal functional state of epithelial tissue and prevent keratinization. 2.Prevents dry eye conditions. 3.Enhance the light sensitivity of the retina and prevent night blindness. Provitamin D includes spinach sterol and saponin 1.Aids bone development and heals bone trauma. 2.Anti-rickets, rickets. 3.Regulates fat metabolism. 4.Can inhibit atherosclerosis. Vitamin B11.Maintain the normal function of the nerves, heart and digestive system.

2.Participate in the process of glucose metabolism in the body. 3.Prevention and treatment of beriberi, treatment of multiple neuritis, cardiac dysfunction, gastric dysfunction. Vitamin B21.Participate in redox reactions in vivo. 2.Maintain the normal function of the retina and maintain the normal visual function of the eye. 3.Treatment of keratitis, conjunctivitis, lip damage, angular cheilitis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis. Vitamin PP1.Realize dehydrogenation in tissue respiration. 2.Treatment of dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, glossitis, stomatitis caused by pellagra. Vitamin B61.Involved in amino acid metabolism.

2.Involved in fat metabolism. 3.Treatment of central excited convulsions in infants. 4.Treatment of radiation vomiting and vomiting in pregnant women. Pantothenic acid1.Participate in various biosynthesis and degradation of metabolism, strengthen fat metabolism function. 2.Prevention and treatment of dermatitis, hair depigmentation, and adrenal gland lesions caused by pantothenic acid deficiency. Inositol 1.Participate in the metabolic storage process of phosphoric acid. 2.Strengthen the function of fat metabolism. Folic acid 1.Involved in the biosynthesis of nucleotides. 2.Prevention and treatment of cell division and maturation disorders caused by folic acid deficiency, leukopenia, giant cell anemia, developmental disorders in children, diarrhea, and gingivitis.

3.Strengthen fat metabolism function. Continued tea ingredients pharmacological functions vitamins 6,8-dilipoic acid 1.Participate in the process of sugar metabolism and strengthen the function of fat metabolism. 2.Anti-fatty liver and lower blood cholesterol. 3.Eliminate arsenic and mercury poisoning. 4.Diuretic antiemetic, treatment of hepatic and cardiac edema and vomiting of pregnancy. Vitamin C1.Increase the density of microvessels, reduce their permeability and fragility. 2.Increases the body's resistance to infection. 3.Prevention and treatment of scurvy. 4.Treat petechial bleeding, gingival bleeding, muscle joint capsule, serous cavity and other bleeding diseases.

5.Promote wound healing. 6.Prevention and treatment of periosteum splitting and bone cracking dental caries caused by lack of vitamin C. 7.Increase the body's resistance to chronic infectious diseases. 8.Improve the body's resistance to industrial chemical poisons and radiation damage. Other substances Cysteine ​​1.Treat radiation damage. 2.Participate in the redox biochemical process of the body. 3.Regulates fat metabolism. 4.Prevent experimental liver necrosis in animals. Methionine 1.Regulates fat metabolism. 2.Participate in the methyl transfer process of substances in the body.

3.Prevent liver necrosis caused by animal experimental nutritional deficiency. Glutamic acid 1.Lower blood ammonia. 2.Treatment of hepatic coma. Arginine 1.Lower blood ammonia. 2.Treatment of hepatic coma. Lipopolysaccharide in the treatment of radiation injury. Note: This table is excerpted from "Tea Biochemistry", edited by Anhui Agricultural College, published by Agricultural Press, Chapter 9 "Pharmacological Functions of Tea Main Components" Table 1.