Chapter 11 Chapter 1 Famous Chinese Tea 1. Green Tea-6

31.Nanjing Yuhua Tea Nanjing Yuhua Tea has a registered trademark of "Zhongshan Brand".It is a new famous tea that emerged in my country's green tea in the 1960s.It is named after the crystal clear, round and colorful Yuhua stone produced in Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province.It has been developed for more than 30 years since 1958.The Yuhua tea production area belongs to the hilly area of ​​Ningzhen, with undulating hills and mountains, with an altitude of only about 60 meters, acidic yellow-brown soil, an average annual temperature of 15.5°C, a frost-free period of 225 days, and an annual precipitation of 900-1000 mm.

The production area of ​​Nanjing Yuhua tea has expanded from the original Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and Yuhuatai Garden Scenic Area to Qixia, the suburbs of Pukou and five counties including Jiangning, Jiangpu, Liuhe, Lishui and Gaochun.The production process has changed from all manual operations to mechanized production, the quality has been improved year by year, and the annual output has reached 8-9 tons. Picking process and tea quality: pick one bud and one leaf or one bud and two leaves before and after Qingming, and do not pick insects to damage buds and leaves, purple buds, red buds and hollow buds.The fresh leaves are processed in time to avoid sunlight after harvesting. According to the production method of roasted green tea, they are lightly withered, high-temperature killing, moderately rolling, shaping and drying. 4 four grades.Yuhua finished tea is shaped like pine needles, straight and round green, with straight shoots, emerald green color, and pekoe exposed. Brewed with hot water, the bottom of the leaves is evenly tender, fresh and cool in taste, clear in aroma and color, and can relieve boredom and refresh the mind. The effect of benefiting Qi. In 1982, it was rated as one of the 11 high-quality famous teas at the National High-quality Famous Tea Selection Conference held by the Ministry of Commerce in Nanjing. In 1986 and 1990, at the National Famous Tea Selection Conference, it was rated as National Famous Tea for two consecutive times.

32.Nanshan Baimao Tea Nanshan Baimao Tea is named for the dense white hairs on the back of the tea leaves.Produced in Nanshan, Heng County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone south of 23°N latitude, the annual average temperature is 21.5°C, and the annual precipitation is 1427mm. The climate is mild, the rainfall is abundant, and the clouds and mists are diffuse. The tea garden is surrounded by verdant pines, dense bamboo forests, and gurgling springs and streams. Picking process and tea quality: The roasting method of Baimao tea is fine. The top-grade tea only picks the bud head of one leaf, while the other teas only pick one bud and one leaf.In the case of larger tea leaves and leaves, they must be torn into 2 to 3 pieces.The processing process is to use a pan to fry and finish, fan the air and spread it to dry, gently knead with both hands, combine frying and kneading, and repeat three times.Finally, it is dried over a slow fire on a charcoal oven.The finished tea is emerald green in color, with tightly knotted and curved cords; the fragrance is pure and long-lasting, with the fragrance of lotus and egg milk; the tea soup is clear and bright, with a strong taste, sweet and smooth throat, and the bottom of the leaves is green.

Nanshan Baimao tea has a long history of cultivation. According to the "Hengxian County Chronicles": "Nanshan Baimao tea is said to be the Ming Jianwen Emperor Yunwen [sound wen], which was planted by hand during the reign of Emperor Jianwen of the Ming Dynasty (1399-1402). "Guangxi Tongjian" contains: " Nanshan tea, the white velvet on the back of the leaves is like snow, it is picked when it sprouts, and it is as delicate as silver needles. The fragrance of drinking is refreshing, and it has a natural lotus fragrance. ""The Notes of Plants in Western Guangdong" said that "Nanshan tea color is better than Longjing". In 1822, the second year of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, it won a silver medal at the Panama International Agricultural Products Exhibition; Nanshan Baimao Tea won the second-class silver prize again. This is the first famous Chinese tea to win an award at an international exposition.

33.Guiding Yunwu Tea Guiding Yunwu Tea is the top-grade green tea among the famous historical teas in China.Registered trademark "Jiaotou".Because it grows on the cloud-shrouded Yunwu Mountain, it is named; because it was first produced in Niaowangguan, it was once called "Niaowang tea";Since 1990, its manufacturer has been changed to: Guiding County Yunwu Center Tea Farm. Guiding Yunwu tea is produced in the middle of Yunwu Mountain, which is more than 1,500 meters above sea level in Guiding County, Guizhou Province.Tea gardens are mainly distributed in 13 natural villages in the area, including Shangba, Shanzhai, Changshou, and Bird King Pass.The natural environment of the producing area is unique, full of exotic flowers and plants, criss-cross streams, mild climate, facing the sun, backed by the sunset, and beautiful scenery; the mountain is shrouded in clouds and mist all year round, the diffuse light is sufficient, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the soil is loose, fertile and acidic , is very beneficial to the growth of tea trees.The local Miao people have the experience of growing and making tea and the habit of drinking tea for a long time.

Guiding Yunwu tea has a long history, and it became a treasure of royal tribute before the Ming Dynasty.In April 1790, the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong reign in the Qing Dynasty, a stone stele was erected at the Niaowang Pass in Yangwang Township.The "Guizhou Tongzhi" of the Republic of China stated: "Every province in Guizhou produces tea, and Guiding Yunwu is the most famous. Unfortunately, the output is too small, and it is extremely difficult to obtain." Guiding Yunwu tea is a kind of tea of ​​the bird king group. The buds and leaves are fat and strong, the leaves are emerald green, there are many hairs, the buds are beautiful, and the content is rich.Every year around the Qingming Festival, the garden picks the young bud "crow bird's mouth". After three times of frying, three kneading, kneading, lifting, and slow baking, the original buds are kept fresh, sharp, shape and velvet. .The finished tea strips are tightly rolled and bent, and the pekoe is fully exposed. It has a beautiful appearance and is shaped like a fishhook. The tea soup is thick and green in color.Drinking Yunwu tea can not only produce body fluid and quench thirst, relieve heat and heat, refresh the mind, reduce inflammation and kill bacteria, but also has various effects such as lowering blood pressure, preventing cancer and radiation, maintaining beauty, anti-aging, etc. It is really beneficial to physical and mental health health drink.

Guiding Yunwu tea has enjoyed a high reputation in China. In 1985, he was invited to attend the "Nanjing National Famous Tea Exhibition Evaluation Conference"; in December 1986, he participated in the Beijing "China Famous, Special and High-quality Products Exhibition" and was selected into the "Chinese Famous Tea Research" and included in the history of Chinese Famous Tea. Since 1986, it has won the title of "Famous Tea of ​​Guizhou Province" continuously. In 1988, it won the silver medal at the first China Food Expo. In November 1988, it was awarded the honorary title of Four New Products of Guizhou Province; in December of the same year, the State Council sent a special trip to interview and import it into the "List of China's Famous and Excellent Products" compiled by the State Council.To make extensive publicity at home and abroad. In July 1988, Guizhou TV station specially filmed and played the album "Yunwu Fangming". On November 17 of the same year, "Guizhou Daily" made a special report. In October 1992, it won the Quality Product Award at the first China Agricultural Expo. In April 1993, it participated in the China Guizhou Rhododendron Festival Fair and won the Honor Award for Quality Trustworthiness.

Governor Wang Chaowen of Guizhou Province wrote an approval document on "Introduction to Yunwu Tea"; Professor Chen Chuan, a master of Chinese tea science in the tea industry, and Deng Naipeng, a famous tea scientist in Guizhou Province, wrote poems praising the superior quality of Guiding Yunwu Tea .The tea has been sold to large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xi'an, Shenyang, Chongqing, and Chengdu. 34.Xinyang Maojian Xinyang Maojian is produced in Xinyang County in the Dabie Mountains in the south of Henan Province.The tea areas are distributed in Cheyun Mountain, Jiyun Mountain, Tianyun Mountain, Yunwu Mountain, Zhenlei Mountain, Lianyun Mountain, Heilongtan, Bailongtan and Wushengguan, Pingjingguan and Jiuli, the "three passes of Yiyang" bordering Henan and Hubei. Guan, because Xinyang was called "Yiyang County" before the Northern Song Dynasty, so it is called "Three Passes of Yiyang". It is located between valleys with an altitude of 300-800 meters.Here, the peaks and ridges are emerald, the streams are vertical and horizontal, and the Longtan Pass is magnificent.Tea gardens are mostly distributed among orchards, bamboo gardens, pine and fir forests and waterfalls.It is often cloudy and foggy throughout the year, with an average annual temperature of about 15°C and an average annual rainfall of about 1200 mm. The soil is fertile and humus is deep, suitable for the growth of tea trees.The superior natural ecological environment and the long-term scientific management experience of the local tea farmers have cultivated fat and tender tea buds, which provide high-quality raw materials for the production of high-quality famous tea.

Picking process and tea quality: Tea picking begins in the middle and late April of the Gregorian calendar before the annual Grain Rain.Depending on the growth of the buds and impellers, they are generally picked in 20-25 batches, and they are picked every 2-3 days.The first-grade and first-grade Maojian are made by picking green buds with one bud and one and two leaves that have just unfolded; the second- and third-grade Maojian are made with one bud and two and three leaves.The buds and leaves are picked, checked and accepted by classification, spread out by classification, and processed separately on the same day.After high-temperature greening in raw pots, frying in cooked pots, hand-grabbing and throwing strips for shaping, and initial drying, cooling, re-drying, sorting, and re-drying, the dry tea can reach a moisture content of 5-6%. , that is, sealed packaging, low temperature storage away from light.The finished product has a thin, round, light, straight, and more pekoe shape, with a green color.

Xinyang has a long history of tea production.The Tang Dynasty has been listed as one of the main tea-producing counties in the famous Huainan tea area in the country. In 1936, "Reconstruction of Xinyang County Chronicles" stated: "The tea produced in this mountain is very ancient. The geographical records of Tang Dynasty said that Yiyang has tea as a local tribute in Xinyang County. Su Dongpo said that 'Huainan tea is the first in Xinyang.'" In the Qing Dynasty, the unique style of Xinyang Maojian is Has been finalized. At the Panama International Exposition in 1915, Xinyang Maojian won the first prize and a gold medal. In 1959, it was listed as one of the top ten famous teas in the country; in 1985, it won the national silver medal in the national high-quality food competition; in 1982, 1986, and 1990, it was held in Changsha, Fuzhou and Xinyang City, Henan Province in three national famous tea competitions held by the Ministry of Commerce. At the selection meeting, Xinyang Maojian was rated as the National High-quality Famous Tea for three consecutive times.It sells well all over the country and is exported to more than 10 countries and regions such as Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, the United States, Germany, and Hong Kong.

35.Guzhu purple bamboo shoots Guzhu purple bamboo shoots are produced in Guzhu Mountain, Shuikou Township, Changxing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Because the buds and leaves of fresh tea are slightly purple, and the back of the young leaves is like a bamboo shoot shell, so it is called.Changxing County is located on the shore of Taihu Lake in the northwest of Zhejiang Province, surrounded by mountains on the south, north and west sides, and adjacent to Taihu Lake in the east.There are more than 300 peaks and peaks in the territory. The whole county is located in the subtropical monsoon zone, with an average annual temperature of 15.6°C, an annual precipitation of about 1600 mm, and a frost-free period of 235 days throughout the year. Mainly sandy soil.Most of the tea trees are planted in Shanwu, which is called "Jie" locally.It is most planted in Xiwujie, Zhuwujie, Fangwujie, Gaowujie and other places.Because the natural environment is suitable for the growth of tea trees, the new shoots grow vigorously, the germination is neat, the leaves are more hairy, and the yield is also high. It is an excellent variety suitable for making both red and green tea. Picking process and tea quality: every year from before the Ching Ming Festival to the Grain Rain period, one bud and one leaf or one bud and two leaves are picked for the first exhibition. process.The top-quality purple bamboo shoot tea leaves embrace each other like bamboo shoots; the first-class tea has tender buds and slightly elongated leaves, shaped like orchids.The finished product is emerald green in color, with obvious silver hairs. The fragrance of orchids is clear, and the taste is mellow and refreshing; the tea soup is clear and bright, and the leaves are delicate and flowery. The tea is known as "green and fragrant, intoxicating to smell and pleasing to sip". Guzhu Mountain in Changxing County has a long history of tea production and has been famous since the middle of Tang Dynasty.According to legend, Lu Yu, a tea master in the Tang Dynasty, set up a tea garden in Guzhu Mountain during the Dali period of the Tang Dynasty. There is a record in the "Tea Classics" that "the purple one is the best, the green one is the second, the bamboo shoots are the best, and the buds are the second", and Guzhu purple bamboo shoots are rated as the second best tea in the world.In order to supervise the production of tribute tea, the Tang royal family once established a tribute tea house in Guzhu Mountain.According to "Wu Xingzhi", since 770 in the fifth year of the Tang Dynasty, more than 30 thatched cottages were built in Guzhuyuan, and Jinsha spring water was used to make tribute tea.Every spring and March, when spring tea is harvested and produced, the governor of Huzhou is called to go to Guzhu Tea Mountain to repair tea.In the poem "Tea Mountain", Du Mu, the governor of Huzhou, has famous lines of admiring Gu Zhu's purple bamboo shoots: "The mountain is beautiful in the southeast, and the tea is called Ruicao Kui", "The spring is tender and golden, and the buds are fragrant and purple."Guzhu purple bamboo shoots were listed as a tribute from 763 to 764 in the Guangde period of the Tang Dynasty, until they were discontinued in 1375 in the eighth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty.Its production method has also changed from cake tea and Longtuan tea to loose tea; from steamed green to fried green. The tea was rated as National Famous Tea by the Ministry of Commerce in 1982, and was rated as National High-quality Famous Tea by the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries in 1985. In 1986, it was rated as National Famous Tea by the Ministry of Commerce again. In 1990, the Guzhu brand Guzhu Zizhu bamboo shoots produced by Changxing County Native Products Company was awarded the title of National Famous Tea. 36.Qinba Wuhao Qinba Wuhao is famous for its registered trademark "Qinhuang Brand".It is a new famous green tea developed successfully in 1984 by Qinba Wuhao Development Company of Zhenba County, Shaanxi Province, whose predecessor was Lincha Station of Zhenba County, Shaanxi Province. The Qinba Wuhao production area is located at the top of the Daba Mountains in the Hanzhong area.It has a unique ecological environment with a high latitude of 32.5° north latitude, a high altitude of 800-1200 meters, a cloudy and foggy annual average sunshine rate of only 28%, rich selenium of 0.76ppm, and no pollution.The majestic Qinling Mountains stand in the north, blocking the long drive of the northwest cold current. In the south, there is the Bashan Canyon, which pulls the warm airflow straight up. The average annual precipitation is 1310.2 mm, and the average annual temperature is only 13.8°C. It can be said that there is abundant rainfall and a mild climate. There is no severe heat in summer and no severe cold in winter. It is a small south of the Yangtze River in the northwest—the evergreen garden of Sanqin Land, and the natural origin of alpine cloud tea. Bashan has a long history of tea production. Lu Yu's "The Book of Tea: The Origin of One" records: "The tea maker, the Jiamu in the south is also the person who embraces two people in the Bashan gorge." Zhenba tea production began in the Qin and Han Dynasties, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and Female Chicken Ridge tea is famous, so it was originally called Female Chicken Ridge Tea.According to historical records, Ban Chao, a general of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was ordered to go to the Western Regions during the reign of Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty.Since then, the word-of-mouth books of "Henjiling Tea" and "Baihejing Spring Water" have been passed down to the present, and they are famous in the Northwest. The Shanshui tea garden in Zhenba County has gone through thousands of years of vicissitudes. Since the founding of New China, with the care and strong support of the party and the people's government, tea production has made great progress. The existing tea garden is nearly 30,000 mu, with an annual output of famous, Excellent tea nearly 300,000 kilograms.Tea production is listed as the first of the six diversified business projects in Zhenba County, and has become a backbone industry for farmers in mountainous areas to get rid of poverty and become rich. Zhenba tea mountain tea gardens are mostly distributed in the mountains with vertical peaks, criss-cross streams, green bamboos and green trees. The soil is deep, moderately acidic, and has good natural fertility. One of the popularized fine varieties grows in the clouds all the year round.During the peak season of tea tree growth, water and heat match the sky, which is conducive to the synthesis and accumulation of active ingredients in tea.According to the determination of China Tea Research Institute, the content of active ingredients in Qinba Wuhao is: amino acid 3.04%, caffeine 4.80%, tea polyphenols 27.81%, selenium 0.76ppm. The harvesting process of Qinba Wuhao and the quality of finished tea: high-grade Wuhao, select the fresh buds and leaves with one bud and one leaf and one bud and two leaves that have just unfolded before harvesting. ", "compacting Yunhua", "lifting and shaping", "removing impurities and refining", "recombining fire and roasting incense" and other processes are refined.Its quality characteristics are: flat and strong, green color, velvet hairs are still visible, mellow and sweet aftertaste, rich and long-lasting chestnut fragrance, clear and bright soup color, tender green leaves, and complete flowers. The research and development of Qinba Wuhao: The county's tea science and technology personnel integrated the historical experience of tea production in Zhenba County, the ecological environment of the tea area, and the characteristics of tea varieties, and integrated the advanced technology of domestic famous tea production. With advanced tea-making theory and advanced technology, equipment, and after a long period of arduous discussion, this new famous tea in green tea has finally been successfully developed.Because the tea was successfully tested in the tea factory of Qiligou Brigade of Jingyang Commune in the spring of 1978, it was named "Qilifang".It won the title of "High Quality Tea" at the Provincial Tea Appraisal Meeting; in 1980, it was included in the "Qinba Mountain Economic Development Plan" in Hanzhong area. The economic development of Zhenba tea and the successful development of the new green tea "Qilifang" have aroused great attention from the tea academic circles in China. More than a dozen experts and professors in the field of tea science came to the ancient city of Zhenba to conduct technical and quality appraisal of "Qilifang".It is believed that: the development basis is correct, the technical route is scientific, the tea quality is excellent, and it meets the requirements of named tea.Proposed by Professor Chen Chuan, it was officially named "Qinba Wuhao". In the summer of 1988, at the Famous Tea Development Symposium held in Shaanxi Province, well-known experts and scholars in the tea academia such as Wang Zenong, honorary chairman of the China Tea Society and professor of the Tea Department of Anhui Agricultural University, conducted a strict review of the famous teas in the province. After scientific comparison, Qinba Wumo scored the highest.Professor Wang Zenong, who is over eighty years old, wrote an inscription with passionate poetry: Qinba Duo Jiaming ①, Immortal Wuwu Yinhao ②.Emerald green, fresh, mellow, tender and fragrant ③, enchanting figure with fluffy hair ④.Meridian Mountain ⑤ strangely contains Baicui ⑥, and Long'an finely rotated jasper strips ⑦.Old trees and new flowers are blooming, and a hundred colors are competing for beauty in the present. In June, Xu Chen participated in the Symposium on the Development of Famous Teas in Shaanxi Province, and Qin Ba Wuhao was named the champion, and he did this to celebrate. In 1988, Qinba Wuhao won four honors: the first place among the 11 local famous brands in Shaanxi Province; the National Spark Program Achievement Award; the Silver Award of the first China Food Expo; Crane Award. Since its appearance, Qinba Wuhao has been favored by tea drinkers at home and abroad. It is sold well in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Xi'an and other large and medium-sized cities, as well as exported to Tokyo, Japan and Los Angeles, the United States. 〔Note〕①Qin·Ba Duojia·Ming: Refers to Qin Ba Wuhao and Shangnan Quanming. ② Immortal Wuwu silver cents: Eight Immortals Yunwu, Gucheng silver cents. ③·Emerald green, fresh and mellow·Xiangpiao: Xixiang green buds, Gunxue fragrant tea. ④ Enchanting body and hair: Ziyang Maojian, Qinba Maojian. ⑤ Wuzi Mountain: Located in Xixiang County, Shaanxi Province, it is the Xixiang Scenic Area and the origin of the world's rare species of white bark pine. ⑥Wu Zishan Qihan Bai Cui: Wuzi Cuibai and Wuzi Xianhao are nationally famous teas produced by Xixiang County Tea Factory and Xixiang Tea Technical Guidance Station respectively. ⑦ Long Anxi Xuanbiyutiao: "Long'an Xuanbi" is a famous tea produced in Langao County, Shaanxi Province.Long'an is Long'anzhai, where tea is produced; Bi is brown; spin refers to tea-shaped spiral or coil-shaped.The tea has been renamed "Bashan Biluo" today. 37.Qinba Maojian Qinba Maojian, produced in Zhenba County, Shaanxi Province, is another new green tea product developed by Zhenba Qinba Wuhao Development Company after Qinba Wuhao, the first famous tea in the province that passed expert appraisal. Zhenba County has a long history of tea production, and it is said that in the Qin and Han Dynasties, Hejiling Maojian Gong Tea was produced.Later called "Zhongyuan Maojian", "Dingyuan Maojian" and "Zhenba Maojian", it belongs to sun-dried green tea and is marketed as "Ziyang Maojian".With the advancement of the times and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, sun-dried green tea with lower grades is gradually replaced by new famous tea varieties.In order to meet the demand of the consumer market for high-quality new teas, the county's tea science and technology personnel successfully developed Qinba Maojian, a new green tea in Northwest China, in 1987 on the basis of the technology of successfully creating Qinba Wuhao. Passed the expert's technical appraisal in July. The production area of ​​Qinba Maojian is in the hinterland of the majestic Bashan Mountains. The ecological environment is very superior. In the north, there is a tall Qinling mountain that divides the north and south, which blocks the cold current from the northwest. In the center, the highest annual precipitation is as high as 2600 mm, and the water and heat are in the same season, matching the sky.The excellent Ziyang tea tree grows in the mountains and mountains, shaded by bamboos and trees, streams and streams, flowers and fruits fragrant, covered by mountains and clouds, fertile soil and rain, with strong buds and leaves, and excellent internal quality.Professor Chen Huichun, an expert in the Tea Department of Anhui Agricultural University, audited a large number of high-quality Qinba tea and found that the Qinba tea area is a rare "high-fragrance tea area" in my country.Here, the latitude is high, the altitude is high, the probability of cloud and mist is high, rich in selenium, pollution-free, rich in tea content, strong in tenderness, and good in adaptability. It is an ideal place for producing famous and high-quality tea. The harvesting process and quality of Qinba Maojian: the fresh buds and leaves of spring tea with one bud and two leaves and one bud and three leaves are selected as raw materials, and are made by spreading, killing, cooling, kneading, unblocking, burning, and drying. .The finished tea has a thin and tight shape, a green and smooth color, bright yellow-green soup, a long-lasting aroma of chestnuts, a strong and mellow taste, and a green and complete leaf bottom.After being reviewed and tested by the Tea Quality Inspection and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, it is considered "high quality, suitable for the northern market" and called "Another tea from Shaanxi, Qinba Maojian tea".Ruan Yucheng, former director of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, a member of the academic department, and a researcher in his seventies, sips Qinba Maojian with an excited expression, and writes: "Qinba famous tea shines brightly, and a cup of Maojian refreshes the spirit."Researcher Cheng Qikun, chairman of the China Tea Society, wrote a commendation of "Qinba Maojian tea, good color, fragrance and shape" after drinking it. Qinba Maojian is widely loved in Beijing, Tianjin, Xi'an, Lanzhou, Yinchuan, Xining and Urumqi.The tea is produced semi-mechanized, with large batches and high benefits. It has been prosperous in production and sales, and has been prosperous for a long time. 38.Everest green tea author's note: Dong Zhimin, a reporter from the news interview department of CCTV, with a master's degree in journalism, led a reporter team to Tibet in the autumn of 1994 to investigate the Yigong tea farm, and on the evening of December 7 of the same year, it was broadcast on the news network of CCTV. , in a series of reports on Tibet, with the title "Pearl Green Tea Fragrances Yigong", the Yigong tea farm tried to plant Sichuan small and medium-sized tea trees in the Mengding tea farm on the roof of the world with an altitude of more than 2,000 meters. The achievements that the world's tea academic circles have paid attention to have been reported. The article "Everest Green Tea" was written by the author based on the information provided by Mr. Dong Zhimin and the letter from the director of the Yigong Tea Farm in Nyingchi, Tibet to the author. Drinking enthusiasts made more detailed reports on the Yigong tea farm in Tibet and Mount Everest green tea. Mount Everest green tea belongs to the category of green tea, high-quality stir-fried green tea.Produced in the Yigong tea farm in Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region.Because she is produced in the tea garden with the highest altitude in the world, the green tea produced in Yigong Tea Farm is based on the highest peak in the world - Mount Everest, with an altitude of 8848.13 meters. "Qomo" means goddess in Tibetan, and "Langma" is a beautiful name for the name of the goddess to name the green tea and use it as a registered trademark. The Tibetan Plateau is a high-lying place with a dry and cold climate. The staple food of the Tibetan compatriots is tsampa, beef and mutton, ghee and dairy products.Due to long-term living habits and the influence of the natural environment, tea has become a necessity in the daily life of the local people.According to the records of "Di Lu Man Lu": "With its fishy meat food, it can't be consumed without tea, and the heat of highland barley can't be understood without tea." There is a saying among Tibetan folks that "it is better to be without food for three days than to be without tea for a day". .It can be seen that tea plays an important role in the life of the Tibetan people.However, due to its special geographical environment, Tibet is considered unsuitable for tea production, and all the tea needed for drinking is transported from the inland, thousands of miles, and carried by horses. It has been thousands of years since the Tang Dynasty. In 1964, Yigong Tea Plantation, which dared to be the first in Tibet, introduced Sichuan medium and small leaf species from Mengding Tea Plantation in Mingshan County, Sichuan Province. It adopted the sexual reproduction method and successfully planted it. It expanded the plantation in a large area in the 1980s.By 1994, the area of ​​the tea garden had grown to more than 2,100 mu, with an annual output of 120,000 kilograms of tea, including 80,000 kilograms of large tea and 40,000 kilograms of fine tea.And has a considerable scale of mechanical production equipment, which laid the foundation for the transformation of tea production from manual to mechanical processing.According to a CCTV report: "In 1994, in order to vigorously develop tea production in Tibet, the state has taken the expansion of the Yigong tea farm as one of the 62 projects to aid Tibet, and allocated 18 million yuan to build power stations and other production equipment." People believe that the history of no tea in Tibet has been uncovered, and the workers and tea science and technology personnel of the Yigong Tea Plantation who successfully planted high-quality tea on the roof of the world above 2,000 meters above sea level will produce more and better tea. The tea studies in China's Tibet region have created brilliant achievements. Yigong Tea Farm, as one of the important tea production bases in Tibet, has a unique and good ecological environment. "Yigong" means a beautiful place in Tibetan. It is located in the southeastern part of the Tibetan plateau, on the eastern side of the Himalayas, and on the bank of Yigong Lake in Bomi County, south of the Nyainqentanglha Mountains.Located at 94°52' east longitude and 30°19' north latitude.Not far from it is the world's largest Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon①——Daguai Bay of the Yarlung Zangbo River, which is a natural place suitable for tea.The terrain is north-south, with a depth of about 30 kilometers, a width of less than 3 kilometers, and an average altitude of 2,250 meters.The tea garden soil is mostly sandy soil and yellow-brown soil, and the soil vegetation is broad-leaved mixed forest.Due to its relatively low altitude and special geographical environment, the Yigong area still has a subtropical climate②, with a mild and humid climate, so it has the reputation of "Xanadu".The mountains winding for thousands of miles are covered with mountains and mountains; the mountains in the distance are covered with snow and the mountains are surrounded by clouds and mists. , among the white clouds; the most poetic and picturesque here is the Yigong Lake and the majestic Iron Mountain.The mountain faces the lake, the lake reflects the mountain, and the mountains and lakes are connected and integrated into one, just like the landscape of Guilin. The Tieshan Lake is as smooth and steep as a sharp sword, like a black waterfall with a drop of thousands of feet; The thick green wine in the tank is intoxicating and lingering; seagulls, wild ducks and other water birds flock to play in the water on the lake, and there are many kinds of fish in the lake, which are favored by anglers.The combination of the lake and the mountain is clearly a fairyland endowed by nature, or a giant bonsai carefully carved by a magical artist.This beautiful lake and the evaporation of water vapor from the surrounding snow-capped mountains make Yigong have an average annual precipitation of 960.4 mm, a relative humidity of 73%, an average annual temperature of 11.4 °C, an annual accumulated temperature of 3109.6 °C, and an extreme minimum temperature of -10 °C. .20°C, the extreme maximum temperature is 32.8°C, the sunshine rate is 41%, and the frost-free period is 219 days.The natural ecological environment provides good conditions for the growth of tea trees. Quality characteristics of Mount Everest green tea: Since the tea farm is located on a plateau with high altitude, the picking time is relatively late, usually at the end of April every year.The standard for fresh leaves of spring tea is fresh buds and leaves with one bud and two or three leaves.It is refined through multiple processes such as spreading fresh leaves, killing greens, frying greens, first kneading, frying second greens, re-kneading, frying three greens, and hui pot.The finished tea is thin and tight with front seedlings and dews; the color is dark green and smooth, with a long-lasting fragrance; the soup is bright yellow-green, with a mellow aftertaste; the bottom of the leaves is tender and even, bright yellow-green. When the CCTV reporter team went to Yigong to interview the tea garden, the head of the Yigong tea farm Paga said proudly: "The clouds and mists of Yigong Mountain moisten this tea garden, and the snow water of the Himalayas waters this land, making the tea plantation more comfortable and healthy. The tea here is free from any pollution, so it has obtained the national green food certificate." Mount Everest Green Tea was tested by the National Tea Quality Supervision and Inspection Center in 1993. The content of water extract was 47.4%, which was 3% higher than the international standard; the content of tea polyphenols was 34.3%;Everest green tea has been favored by domestic and foreign tea scholars since it was put on the market, and has won many honors in domestic and international exhibitions and competitions: in 1989, it won the silver medal at the National Spark Plan Product Exhibition; in 1990, it won the National New Product Exhibition. In 1992, it won the Bronze Award at the first National Agricultural Expo; in 1993, it won the gold medal of China's first "Lu Yu Cup" Tea Culture Boutique Exhibition and the "Olympic Bidding Cup China Tourism Food Exhibition Gold Award"; Won the only gold medal at the fair. Yigong Tea Farm, following Everest Green Tea, created two famous teas in 1994, "Snowy Silver Peak" and "Yigong Yunwu". The processing technology and quality characteristics of Xueyu Yinfeng tea: 1.Picking time: around April 10 to May 10 every year; 2.Picking standard: one bud and one leaf are unfolded to one bud and two leaves are first unfolded, the buds are required to be longer than the leaves, and the paired leaves, purple leaves and leaves with disease and pests are not picked; 3.Technological process: All are manually operated and refined through 8 main processes such as killing greens, first kneading, second frying, second kneading, third frying, three kneading, shaping and lifting, and baking; 4.The quality characteristics of finished tea: the cord is tight and straight, the velvet is exposed, the silver peak is emerald, the aroma is high and refreshing, the taste is sweet and refreshing, the soup color is clear and bright, and the bottom of the leaf is tender and even.It is a natural, high-quality green food. Yigong Yunwu Tea: The picking time, bud and leaf selection standards, and technological process are basically the same as those of Xueyu Yinfeng Tea. Gongyunwu tea has a beautiful appearance.The quality characteristics of finished tea: the rope is tight and curly, and the pekoe is like a cloud; the color is emerald green and oily; the aroma is rich and long-lasting, the taste is mellow and sweet; In addition, Yigong Tea Farm also produces Jinjian tea, black tea, scented tea, honeysuckle tea, and fruity tea.At present, the main products are sold in Tibet, and part of them are sold to the mainland. It is planned to gradually open up overseas markets and sell them to Japan and other places. [Note] ① Brahmaputra Grand Canyon: Why is it called the largest in the world?The Yarlung Zangbo River has a long history.It originates from the Jemayangzong Glacier in Zhongba County at the northern foot of the Himalayas.Yarlung Zangbo, in Tibetan, means "the water flowing down from the upper slope".It rushes eastward from the gorge between the majestic Himalayas and the Gangdise Mountains, and in Milin County, Tibet, it makes a sharp turn near east longitude 95°, crosses the Himalayas, turns southward, enters India, passes through Bengal, and finally flows into the The Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean.The rivers in Tibet are about 2,000 kilometers long, with a drainage area of ​​more than 240,000 square kilometers. It has been confirmed by experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences that the Brahmaputra Grand Canyon is 5,382 meters deep, the deepest among many grand canyons in the world.In the past, it was believed that the number one Grand Canyon in the world was the Colorado Grand Canyon in the United States, the Devil's Valley in the United States, or the Colca Canyon in Peru.However, compared with the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon, the depth of these canyons is not tens of meters or hundreds of meters, but thousands of meters deep.For example, the Colca Grand Canyon in Peru is 2,100 meters shallower than the Brahmaputra Grand Canyon.The Yarlung Zangbo River is a treasure land of China, a wonder of the world, and a miracle of nature. ②Why is it said that the Yigong tea farm area in Tibet belongs to the subtropical climate zone?When it comes to Tibet, people always have icebergs, snow fields, and ancient plateaus in their minds.In fact, this is not comprehensive.Due to the existence of the Yarlung Zangbo River, the largest canyon in the world, the previously recognized subtropical boundary line at 23°27' north latitude had to extend 6 latitudes northward.The emergence of this peculiar natural phenomenon is due to the channel function of the Grand Canyon of the Himalayas.When the warm and humid air from the Bay of Bengal moved northward, it was blocked by the Himalayas. After turning around, it found the opening at the southern end of the Yarlung Zangbo River, so this warm and humid air moved northward along the Grand Canyon, making Nyenqing The southern foot of Tanggula Mountain is located in the north of the great bend of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the Yigong Tea Farm area at 30°19' north latitude. It has benefited greatly and created a special subtropical climate environment. "It's a matter of course, no surprise. 39.Guiping Xishan Tea Guiping Xishan Tea is produced in Xishan, Guiping City, Guangxi, also known as Siling Mountain.The mountain stands on the shore of the Xunjiang River.Located on the south side of the Tropic of Cancer, it has a subtropical monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 21.4°C and an average annual precipitation of 1715.4 mm.The tea trees are all planted on sunny slopes, where the terrain is relatively high, with plenty of sunshine, low temperatures at night, and often surrounded by clouds and mist and moistened by rain and dew in the morning. At the same time, the weathered granite soil is loose, fertile, and slightly acidic. Picking process and tea products: The picking standard is one bud and two leaves, the length should not exceed 4 cm, and it must be picked lightly.Spread out in time after picking to distribute moisture and keep the buds and leaves fresh, and then process them in time.Generally, "three stir-frying and three kneading" is practiced, that is, the fresh leaves are put into an iron pan and stir-fried until they are green. After they are green, they must be cooled in time.Then twist it into thin strips by hand, and then fry it in a pan.This kind of frying and kneading is repeated three times to achieve the requirements of fine and tight tea leaves, crisp tea stems and mellow smell.The finished tea strips are tight and well-proportioned, with a green color; the tea soup is green and clear, and the taste is mellow. Xishan tea has enjoyed a high reputation as early as the Ming Dynasty. "Xunzhou Fuzhi" said: "Xishan tea is clear in color and fragrant, and it does not reduce Longjing." The marrow and leaves welcome the morning sun, so the taste is sweet and fragrant, and Hangzhou Longjing can't catch it." Ruquan water has the reputation of "deep valley milk spring, sweet in all tests" and "clear spring, like Hangzhou Longjing".If Xishan tea is brewed with milk spring water, it will have the excellent "West Lake Longjing Tiger Pao Water".In 1986, Xishan Tea was rated as National Famous Tea and Ministry Excellent Product at the National Famous Tea Appraisal Conference. In 1990, at the National Famous Tea Selection Conference held by the Ministry of Commerce, the Qipanshi brand Xishan tea produced by Xishan Tea Farm in Guiping City was once again rated as a national famous tea and a superior product.The products are mainly sold domestically, and a small amount are exported to Hong Kong, Macao and other places. 40.Emei Maofeng Emei Maofeng, formerly known as Fengming Maofeng, was renamed in 1978.产于四川省雅安市凤鸣乡桂花村。茶产区地处北纬３０°，东经１０３．３°，为四川盆地西部边缘，与西藏高原东麓接壤，四面环山，雨量充沛，气候温和，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑。茶园分布于海拔１０００米上下的山区，长年云雾缭绕，烟雨蒙蒙，阳光漫射，温湿同季，无霜期年均长达２８０多天；土层深厚，土质肥沃，酸度适宜，茶树长势良好，芽肥叶壮，持嫩性强，内含物质丰富，为生产名茶提供了优质原料。 四川雅安地区栽培生产名茶历史悠久，始于唐代，见载于陆羽《茶经》。迄今已有１２００余年。１９７８年雅安地区茶叶公司与桂花村联合，在原有生产工艺基础上，选早春一芽一叶初展优质原料，采用炒、揉、烘交替进行的工艺，创制了特种绿茶名品——峨眉毛峰。其成品条索紧卷，嫩绿油润，银芽秀丽，白毫显露，香气鲜洁，滋味浓爽，汤色微黄而碧，叶底嫩绿匀整。于１９８２年和１９８３年被商业部、农牧渔业部评为全国优质名茶；１９８５年９月在里斯本举办的第二十四届世界优质食品评选会上，峨眉毛峰受到高度评价并荣获金质奖。 该茶销于北京、天津等大城市，出口日本、香港等国家和地区。