Chapter 21 Ancient Jade Ten Articles

Ancient Jade Ten Articles Feng Tang Feng Tang @ 2007-7-23 12:37:19 Strictly defined, Chinese jade refers to nephrite such as tremolite and actinolite.The broad definition includes Burmese jadeite, that is, jadeite, which became popular only after Empress Dowager Cixi's second wife grew up. It also includes agate, crystal, tourmaline, turquoise, lapis lazuli and other "beauties of stone". Strictly defined, ancient jade is jade carved and manufactured before the Han Dynasty.Broadly defined, ancient jade is jade carved with manual tools before the Republic of China and before the emergence of electric jade cutting tools such as snake skin drills.

The 5,000-year social history of China has been written into 24 histories in 3,000 volumes.In this land of China, there is a history of 8,000 years of jade use with clear unearthed evidence, from the Neolithic period to the present.About ancient jade, if you write all of them, you need many thick books.Due to my long-term professional habit of doing management consulting, I have to try to explain in a few words no matter how complicated things are, so on the issue of Gu Yu, I will summarize the ten most important points.Outline the key points, and hang on to everything. First: ancient jade runs through Chinese culture.There is no better medium than ancient jade to experience China's continuous culture.

One purpose of collecting antiquities is to understand ancestors, and then understand a nation and even human beings in the dimension of time.With antiquities in hand, time is greatly compressed.The animal face in his hand seemed to have been carved by jade craftsmen in half a year yesterday, and it will be hung around the wizard's neck tomorrow with thin veal tendons.You experience people's aesthetics, judgment, likes and dislikes, wisdom, and character in the era when ancient objects were born.Why are the beast's eyes so wide open?Why can you turn your head like this?Why can it be omitted like this in other places?

We held a meeting in a small town called Kitzbuhel in Austria, surrounded by scenery and scenery, except for the retired white-bearded old man and the retired white-haired old lady, walking around with the dog hand in hand.At night, it is so quiet that you can hear the sound of pine needles and moonlight falling to the ground, and it is so clear that you can see the huge rock-like white god on the top of the Alps not far away.Jet lagged, unable to sleep, I thought of Beijing, I thought of writing a poem, one of which is: There is a wind blowing in the city at three o'clock in the middle of the night/The little beast on the crotch roars and the fairy on the neck plays the piano/There are words like will-o'-the-wisps in the body/I Miss you.After receiving the email, Xiao Cui, a jade merchant, sent a jade pendant from the Shang Dynasty, with a human head under the eagle's claws and a flying dragon on the eagle's neck.

In terms of a single object, the most representative ones are jade in China and gold in the West.China has used jade for eight thousand years, and it has been used continuously in successive dynasties, each with its own characteristics, and the climax has been repeated, which not only confuses Han people, but also confuses foreigners.The jade wares of the Neolithic period, with their plain faces facing the sky, follow their shapes to express their spirits.Shang and Zhou jades, arrogant and psychedelic.The spring and autumn are complicated, and the clouds are steaming.Zhan Han is aggressive, mainly cutting knives, and eight knives are formed.The grace of Tang and Song Dynasties, flowers and birds with boards.The simplicity of the Liao and Jin Dynasties, autumn mountains and spring water.Yuan, vulgar, bright and rough, piled up in the Qing Dynasty.But if we only talk about the level of craftsmanship regardless of the level of art, Kang Yongqian in the Qing Dynasty is the highest peak of ancient jade, with no one before or after.At that time, China was stronger than the United States today, and it could fight anyone it wanted, and its GDP accounted for 30% of the world's total.

In contrast, there are only four thousand years of writing, and only one thousand years of Tang poetry, and the poetic tradition after Tang has been intermittent.Song porcelain has been less than a thousand years old, and after the Song Dynasty, the spirit is weak.The furniture of the Ming Dynasty was five hundred years old, and after the Ming Dynasty, it was delicate and vulgar and sweet. Second: ancient jade symbolizes five virtues.The scope of coverage is basically similar to the corporate culture of "five stresses, four beauties and three loves" and various publicity and irrigation.

Since ancient times, jade has been used for sacrifices and decorations.In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, jade was defined as representing the five virtues of Confucianism: benevolence, righteousness, wisdom, courage, and cleanliness. "A gentleman has no reason, and the jade does not go to the body." It can be hung on the neck and worn on the waist, just like Chairman Mao's badge and Chairman Mao's quotations.I can touch it in my hand from time to time, and feel the warmth, transparency, comfort, hardness, and cleanliness of jade. In modern times, for modern enterprises, the reason is similar.When I first joined McKinsey, I was taught to develop my leadership skills from five aspects: peers, customers, thinking, entrepreneurship, and collaboration.For companions, be kind, nurture, support, and share joys and sorrows.For customers, we must be loyal, dedicated, hard-working, and honor or disgrace.For problems, think, analyze, and use the sword of wisdom to eliminate demons.For the New World, bright, decisive, brave and fearless.Compared with the five virtues of ancient jade, the similarity is 80%.

Third: Gu Yu is like a good woman.Falling flowers are speechless, people are as light as chrysanthemums, green peaches are full of trees, and windy and sunny waterfronts.Radish and cabbage, each flower enters each eye. When I first started liking jade, I liked things from the mid-Qing Dynasty. Jade is white, and the decoration and carving are good, just like a girl in the south of the Yangtze River who is eighteen or nineteen years old, with fair skin, good eyebrows, eyes and waist. Soon I fell in love with Zhanhan, simple, confident, arrogant, fierce, with wind and waves in the sky, sea and mountains, full of strength, and Vientiane by my side, making jade hardly requires carving skills, eight knives are formed, full of air, as if holding a green dragon Yanyue knife The girl from Beijing said, "If you offend me as a strong man and cheat my girl, you will be punished even if you are far away."

Then turn to Shang and Zhou Dynasties, witch doctors do not distinguish, supernatural powers.People at that time lived an average of 30 to 40 years, and life was like flowers and morning dew.Professional jade craftsmen make two or three pieces of jade every year, drink alcohol before carving jade, and take drugs during jade carving. Looking at the birds, dragons, and heads with fluttering hair on Shang and Zhou jades, I can smell the warmth and richness of marijuana . Fourth: It is difficult to distinguish the authenticity of ancient jade, just like the human heart. When I first learned to distinguish ancient jade, the jade merchant spread out ten pieces of ancient jade and said, "Look carefully, which one is right and which one is wrong, which one is old and old, which one is old jade, and which one is new jade". old job?

I remember when I was studying botany at university, the white-haired gentleman spread out ten kinds of branches and said, "Look carefully, what order, family, genus, and species are they?"We complain, we should give all-rounders easy to identify, let’s give whole roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds.The gentleman said that during the Korean War, the U.S. imperialists used leaves as carriers to airdrop bacterial weapons to North Korea, and did not bring whole rhizomes, flowers and fruit seeds. We still need to be able to recognize that this broad leaf is only found on the west coast of the United States, and the bacterial weapons must be used in the United States.

I remembered when I was studying pathology in medical school, the white-haired gentleman spread out ten slices and said, look carefully, which ones are normal tissues, which ones are in situ lesions, which ones are benign tumors, and which ones are malignant tumor tissues?Take a good look, pathological diagnosis is the last hurdle. If benign is regarded as malignant, one good leg of the patient will be amputated. If malignant is regarded as benign, the patient will die because the bad leg is kept. I think of what Hu Lancheng wrote for Eileen Chang with full sincerity at the age of thirty-six: The present world is stable, and the years are quiet and beautiful.After that, the world was full of mortals, and Hu Lancheng found another nurse in Wuhan. After that, Hu Lancheng found another widow in Zhejiang.Eileen Chang wrote the most important text in her life before she was twenty-five years old, and lived to be seventy-five years old in the United States alone. Fifth: Ninety-nine percent of the so-called ancient jade on the street is fake, so don't trust your own judgment. Although the jade wares on Panjiayuan’s stall look like they are made of jade and look really old, don’t believe it.Since ancient times, counterfeiting has been a high-tech in Zhejiang, Henan, Anhui and other regions. Don't look at the multi-image atlas of vessel shapes and decorations. The six-volume "Complete Works of Chinese Jade Wares" and the sixteen-volume "Complete Works of Chinese Unearthed Jade Wares" are all publicly released. Profiteers may read them more carefully than you.In this day and age, knife craftsmen can no longer be fully trusted. Under heavy profits, some people began to grind old jade by hand, filling it with decorations and selling it for more money. The only thing that cannot be imitated is the charm and patina.The current jade workers, in the morning, think about whether the stock can go up to 5,000 points. There is no big cauldron stewed eagle with ginseng for lunch, and there is no marijuana and poppy in the evening. Do not bite.The patina of old jade is the brilliance produced by rubbing hands, soaking cleavages, and burying layers of loess for thousands of years. How could it be possible for new jade carved last year?Even if she repackaged and practiced again, Zhang Jingying couldn't show it. The moment Chen Yuanyuan left Li Zicheng, she looked at her. Sixth: Ninety-nine percent of the ancient tombs discovered by the government have been stolen. As a profession, tomb robbery is as old as prostitution and assassination, almost the oldest organized crime. After the absolute average primitive communism passed, the ruling class could not escape the temptation of human nature, and always wanted to bring the gold, jade, jewels, horses and beauties of this world to the next life, so there was a lavish burial.After the thick burial, there is the profession of tomb robbery.There are conclusive records that during the Zhou Dynasty, people dug Shang tombs.During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao personally organized the Tomb Raiders.During the period of the Republic of China, Sun Dianying stole the Eastern Tomb of the Qing Dynasty. I don’t know whose pillow the luminous pearl in Xihou’s mouth and the old emerald bracelet full of green ice seeds are under. Although technically, tomb robbing is not much more complicated than growing potatoes, ancient tombs are not potatoes, they cannot grow and reproduce, and cannot be regenerated.Therefore, after four thousand years, especially after the large-scale construction at the end of the last century and the beginning of this century, ancient tombs must not be everywhere like the antique market. In short, if the jade merchant tells you that this pit was only dug out last month, it smells like ancient bones.Don't believe it. Seventh: Whether it is an ancient jade from the Tang Dynasty or an ancient jade from the Song Dynasty is as simple and as complicated as distinguishing Tang poetry from Song poetry. Someone asked: "When is this piece of jade?" I replied: "Western Han." The next question I heard most often was: "How do you know it is from the Western Han Dynasty? Is it engraved with the year of the Western Han Dynasty?" If I don't want to talk too much, my standard answer is to ask rhetorically: "How do you know that 'Baiyujing in the sky, 12 cities on the fifth floor. Immortals caress my top, tie hair and grant longevity.' Is Tang poetry instead of Song poetry? Not only do I know This is Tang poetry, and I also know that it is Li Bai's poem, not Du Fu's." If I want to talk more, I will talk about it from five aspects: jade species, vessel shape, ornamentation, knife workmanship, and color.Every dynasty has its own characteristics. Usually, I don't want to talk much. Eighth: within the acceptable range, buy the ancient jade with the highest price, not the lowest price. If you regard ancient jade as an investment, the basic principle is similar to other investments.Buy good stuff at a reasonable price, not cheap stuff.After food and clothing, the norms of other behaviors are fun and happy.Be ruthless to yourself, don't be greedy for too much or everything.If you really like jade, you can only drink Erguotou for wine, only smoke Dubao for cigarettes, and only wear Septwolves for formal clothes. Ninth: The ancient jade is owned by you, and it is only through your hands, only temporarily.Gu Yu lived much longer than you, after spending time with you, he will spend time with others. As an adult, you have to understand this truth, everything passes, life is lent to you, food is rewarded by God, all of us end up the same, we will all die for a long time.Even if you imitate the Western Han people and hide jade in various openings of your body (mouth, nostrils, eyes, ears, anus, etc.) when you die, you still cannot escape the Luoyang shovel of the tomb robbers.When you dig it out, in 100% of the cases, all kinds of holes in your body disappear, and those penis, eyelids, nasal plugs, ear plugs, anal plugs, and penis covers are all still there.Please refer to Article 6 for details. Tenth: Personal grave robbery violates national laws. Needless to say, I am not an expert in any aspect.For details, see the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics.