Chapter 10 "Dream of Red Mansions" textual research (revised version) -1

Textual research (revised) one It is not easy to do a textual research on this book, firstly because there are too few materials, and secondly because people who have been studying this book have always taken the wrong path.How did they go the wrong way?Instead of searching for materials such as authors, eras, editions, etc. that can be verified, they collect many irrelevant fragments of historical events to attach to the plot in the chapter.They did not do textual research, in fact, they only did a lot of appendices!This kind of "red study" attached to the association can be divided into several schools: the first school says that "it was all written by the ancestors of the Qing Dynasty and Concubine Dong E, as well as all the famous kings and daughters at that time".They said that Concubine Dong E was Dong Xiaowan, a famous Qinhuai courtesan. She was originally the concubine of a famous scholar at the time, but was taken away by Qing soldiers and sent to Beijing.Later, when Concubine Dong died, Qing Shizu was very sad, so he went to Mount Wutai to become a monk.According to this school of thought, the death of Dong Xiaowan that Mao Bijiang and his friends said was false; the death of Emperor Shizu of the Qing Dynasty who reigned for eighteen years as reported in Qing history is also false.In this theory, Jia Baoyu is the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, and Lin Daiyu is the concubine Dong. "In the eighteenth year of Shizu Linyu, Baoyu became a monk at the age of nineteen. Shizu is the seventh generation since Zhaozu. Baoyu said, 'One son becomes a Buddha, and the seventh ancestor ascends to heaven', which happened to be the seventh Juren; the posthumous title of Shizu' Zhang', Baoyu's posthumous posthumous title is 'Wen Miao', and the word "article" can be alluded to." "Xiaowan's name is Bai, so Daiyu's name is Dai, which means pink, white and green. Xiaowan is from Suzhou, and Daiyu is also from Suzhou; Xiaowan is from Suzhou. Wan is in Rugao, and Daiyu is also in Yangzhou. Xiaowan is from the Yanguan, and Daiyu is from the Bureau of Inspection and Inspection of Yan Yushi. Xiaowan entered the palace at the age of twenty-seven, and Daiyu entered Beijing at the age of thirteen. Half of Xiaowan... When Xiaowan traveled to Jinshan, people thought that Concubine Jiang was riding the waves, so Daiyu's name "Concubine Xiaoxiang" actually came from the word "Concubine Jiang"" (see Wang for the above quotations. A summary of Mr. Mengruan's "A Dream of Red Mansions".)

The representative of this school is Mr. Wang Mengruan's "A Dream of Red Mansions Suoyin".The fundamental errors of this school have been proved one by one by precise methods in Mr. Meng Shunsun's "Dong Xiaowan Kao" (attached to Mr. Cai Zimin's, page 131 below).In this "Dong Xiaowan Kao", Mr. Meng proved that Dong Xiaowan was born in Jiazi, the fourth year of Mingqi. Therefore, when the ancestors of the Qing Dynasty were born, Xiaowan was fifteen years old; in the first year of Shunzhi, Shizufang was seven years old, and Xiaowan was twenty-one years old On the second day of the first lunar month in the eighth year of Shunzhi, Xiaowan died at the age of twenty-eight, while Emperor Shizu of the Qing Dynasty was still a fourteen-year-old child at that time.Xiao Wan is twice as old as the Qing Shizu, so there is absolutely no reason to enter the palace to invite favors.Mr. Meng quoted many books, separated by year, the evidence is very complete, and the method is also very detailed.How can that kind of nonsensical attachment be worthy of being destroyed by Mr. Meng?For example, "Dream of Red Mansions Suoyin" said: Yuyangshan people inscribed the concubine Yuan Yunv of Yuyang Mountain, the second of the three poems, and the last line said: "Luochuan is separated from the gods and the people, and Chen Wang's bad talents are spent in vain", which is also Xiaowan. And make.The round jade is Wanye; the meaning of roundness is added to the jade, so it is called round jade.Female Luo, Luo Fu female also.Both have deep meaning.The separation between God and man is different from death. ("Summary")

In "Dong Xiaowan Kao", Mr. Meng quoted many poems of poets in the early Qing Dynasty to prove that Xiaowan was not the only concubine who pretended to be Pijiang; Jin Xiaozhu, whose name is Ji, was born in Kunshan and can draw figures.Xiaozhu loves to paint Luoshen the most (Wang Zhou once had Xiaozhu hand in the scroll postscript of Luoshen, and Wu Yu once begged Xiaozhu to draw Luoshenqi), so Yuyangshanren's poems have the words "Luochuan is Miaomiao God and man are separated".If we understand the difference between the methods used by Mr. Meng and Mr. Wang Mengruan, we will know that the textual research and the attached conference are absolutely different.

With the correction of "Dong Xiaowan Kao" in the book "A Dream of Red Mansions", I could have stopped criticizing him.But there are many unreasonable additions in this book, and Mr. Meng didn't even have time to point them out.For example, he said: "Cao Xueqin is a son of a family, and the book was written in the Qianjia era. It is clearly stated in the book that the four tours to the south refer to Gaozong's current affairs, and it can be seen from what he wrote during Jiaqing. ...... Those who mean this book have been revised by Xueqin, It was created by someone else at the beginning....It should be in the middle of Kangxi that it should be completed....In the Qianlong Dynasty, there were many taboos and many revisions to the archives. The book "Red Mansion", which was requested by the inner court, will be banned. Mr. Xueqin As a last resort, it is necessary to revise it again and again, so that the more hidden it is, the more it will not lose its truth." ("Summary" pages 5-6) However, in the sixteenth chapter, under the passage that Sister Feng mentioned about the Southern Tour pick-up, he added: "This author speaks for himself. The ancestor made his second tour to the south, that is, he was stationed in Xueqin's father, Cao Yin's Salt Office. Xueqin recalled his childhood friend, so he wrote this pen." Below, Mother Zhao said that Zhen's family picked him up four times. At the bottom of a paragraph, there is another note: "The Holy Patriarch made four tours to the south, and this statement was followed up four times, which is clearly a current event in Qianlong."

When we look at these three paragraphs of "Solving Hidden Words", we can see many mistakes. (1) The sixteenth chapter clearly stated that the "Emperor Taizu" picked him up several times during his southern tour 20 or 30 years ago; Madam Zhao was old, so she "saw it with her own eyes".How can we designate the former as the southern tour of Kangxi and the latter as the southern tour of Qianlong? (2) Emperor Kangxi's second southern tour was in the 28th year (1689), and it was not until the 43rd year that Cao Yin was the salt censor of the Lianghuai tour. "Suoyin" said that Emperor Kangxi's second southern tour was stationed at the Cao Yinyan Institute, which is wrong. (3) "Suoyin" said that during Emperor Kangxi's second tour to the south, "Cao Xueqin summoned his childhood friend"; it also said that Xueqin wrote the book in Jiaqing.In the first year of Jiaqing (1796), it has been 107 years since the 28th year of Kangxi.Wasn't Cao Xueqin a hundred, twenty or thirty years old when he wrote the book? (4) "Suoyin" is said to be written in the Qianjia period, and it is also said to be written in the Jiaqing period: this is the most absurd.It was already popular in Qianlong, as evidenced by the version at that time. (see later for details)

Besides, Yuan Mei mentioned Cao Xueqin's work in "Suiyuan Shihua"; Yuan Mei died in the second year of Jiaqing, and "Shihua" was written much earlier, how can it mention the works written during Jiaqing? The second school is said to be the political novels of the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty.This faction can be represented by Mr. Cai Zimin.Mr. Cai said: ...the author is very nationalistic.The book is about the death of the Ming Dynasty and the loss of the Qing Dynasty, especially those of the famous scholars of the Han nationality who served the Qing Dynasty.At that time, I was not only thinking about touching the Wenwang, but also wanted to make a new one. I added several layers of barriers on top of my ability, so that readers had the situation of "looking at it horizontally as a mountain and as a side as a peak". (page 10)

The word "red" in the book mostly hides the word "zhu".Zhu Zhe, Ming Ye, Han Ye.Baoyu has a habit of "love red", saying that he loves the culture of the Han people because he is full of people; ...At that time, although the Qing emperor was devoted to literature and created the subject of erudite ci, it was really designed to win over the Han people.Therefore, in the nineteenth chapter Xiren persuaded Baoyu: "Don't eat the rouge rubbed on people's mouths anymore, and those who love red." Seeing the blood stains on Baoyu's cheeks, Daiyu inquired that it was caused by Taocheng rouge ointment Splashing is called "bringing out a cover, blowing it into the uncle's ears, and making everyone unclean and provoking anger".All this.Baoyu's residence in the Grand View Garden is called Yihong Courtyard, which means love red.The so-called addition and deletion of books by Cao Xueqin in the Mourning Hongxuan is a clear meaning. ... (pages 3 to 4)

In the book, women mostly refer to Han people, and men mostly refer to Manchus.Not only "women are made of water, men are made of mud" is also related to the "Han" character "man"; ancient Chinese philosophy uses the two characters of yin and yang to explain all things that are treated. , "The authentic way, the way of the wife, the way of the minister," means husband and wife, monarch and ministers are assigned to Yin and Yang.That is to say, use its meaning.Thirty-first time,... Cuihui said: "Got it! The girl (Shi Xiangyun) is yang, and I am yin.... People say that the master is yang, and the slave is yin. I don't even understand this truth!"... Qing system, for the monarch, is full People call themselves slaves, and Han people call themselves ministers.There is no ambiguity between minister and slave.In terms of the treatment of nations, the conqueror is master and the conquered are slaves.This book is full of male and female shadows, based on this. (pages 9 to 10)

These are Mr. Tsai's fundamental propositions.From now on, it will be "explaining skills".According to his opinion, the following people are testable: (1) Jia Baoyu, the imperial family of the puppet dynasty; Baoyu, the righteousness of passing on the national seal, refers to Yinfeng. (The prince of Emperor Kangxi, who was later abolished) (pages 10-22) (2) The story of Sister Qiao seems to also refer to Yinfeng, and the shape of the word Qiao is similar to that of Feng. ... (pages 23-25) (3) Lin Daiyu Ying Zhu Zhulong (Zhu Yizun) also.Crimson pearl, Yingqi's family.Living in Xiaoxiang Pavilion, it is also known as Zhulong. ... (pages 25-27)

(4) Xue Baochai, also from Gaojiang Village (Gao Shiqi).Xue Zhe, Xue Ye.Lin Hejing's poem: "Gao Shiqi is lying in the snow-covered mountains, and beautiful women come under the moonlight forest." The name of Yingjiang Village (Gao Shiqi) is also used in the word Xue. ... (pages 28-42) (5) Tanchun Ying Xu Jian'an also.The name of Jian'an is Qianxue, and the Qian hexagram is "≡", so it is called Three Girls.Jian'an is the third Jinshi and the first, commonly known as Tanhua, hence the name Tanchun. ... (pages 42-47) (6) Wang Xifeng Ying Yu Guozhu also.Wang is the province on the side of the character Zhu, and the country character is written as "Guo", so Xifeng's husband is called Lian, saying that the two characters of Wang are connected. ... (pages 47-61)

(7) Shi Xiangyun, Chen Qinian also.Its year was also named Jialing.Shi Xiangyun wears a golden unicorn, which should be the borrowed sound of the word "Qi" and "Ling".Those who use history as their family used to review and compile "History of Ming Dynasty" by the Imperial Academy in their years. ... (pages 61-71) (8) Miaoyu, Jiang Ximing (Jiang Chenying) also.Jiang is a young girl, replaced by Miao. "Poetry" says, "beautiful as jade" and "beautiful as English".The jade character is therefore a substitute for the English character. (from Xu Liuquan)... (pages 72-87) (9) Xichun, Yan Sunyou also. ... (pages 87-91) (10) Baoqin, Mao Pijiang also. ... (pages 91-95) (11) Liu Laolao, Tang Qian'an (Tang Bin) also. ... (pages 95-110) The method of Mr. Cai's book is: every time a person is cited, his facts must be cited first, and then the plot should be cited to match.In this article, the space is limited, and I cannot express his citations and hard work: this is my apology.But I always feel that Mr. Cai's so much energy is wasted in vain, because I always feel that his book is just a far-fetched attachment.I remember a lantern riddle once upon a time, using the word "日" in Du's poem "Boundless Falling Trees and Xiao Xiaoxia".No one can guess this riddle except the riddlemaker himself.Because the riddlemaker first thought that the Qi and Liang dynasties of the Southern and Northern Dynasties both had the surname Xiao; secondly, they interpreted "Xiao Xiao" in "Xiao Xiao Xia" as two dynasties with the surname Xiao; Chen Dynasty of Chen.I thought about the character "Chen", and then removed the radical (Boundless); then removed the character "Wood" from the character "Dong" (Luomu).The remaining word "日" is the answer to the mystery!If you can't get around these many detours, don't think about guessing riddles!If the person who did it really used Wang Xifeng to shadow Yu Guozhu that day, he really thought that "Wang is the province of the radical of the character Zhu, and the character of Guo is written as 'Guo' in the common sense, so Xifeng's husband is called Lian, and the two characters are connected." —If he really thought so, wouldn't he really be a big fool?After so much effort, he only made a small part of the characters "Guo" and "Zhu": the rest of these two characters and the most important character "Yu" have never been "riddled". "Go!Isn't it a stupid riddle to do so?Using a unicorn to image Qi in "Qi Nian" and the mausoleum in "Jialing"; using three girls to image Gan in "Qianxue": If there is such an insinuation, it is the same stupid mystery!If a book is really such a series of stupid riddles, it is really not worth guessing! Let me give another rule to illustrate the futility of this "revealing" (guessing) method.Mr. Cai quoted Mr. Kuai Ruomu as saying that Mr. Liu is Tang Qian'an: Qian'an was employed by Sun Xiafeng (Sun Qifeng, a Neo Confucianist in the early Qing Dynasty) for ten years.Xia Feng's study was originally based on Xiangshan (Lu Jiuyuan) Yangming (Wang Shouren). "Old Liu's son-in-law is called Wang Gou'er, and Gou'er's father is called Wang Cheng. His ancestors once knew Sister Feng's ancestor and Mrs. Wang's father; because they were greedy for the snobbery of the Wang family, they joined the clan." It seems to refer to this. In fact, the Wang family here does not specifically refer to Wang Yangming's school, so it seems that the Wang family should not suddenly be used to represent Wang Xue here.Besides, from Tang Bin to Sun Qifeng, from Sun Qifeng to Wang Yangming School, from Yangming School to Mrs. Wang's family, from Wang Family to Wang Gou'er's ancestors, and from Wang Gou'er to his mother-in-law Liu Laolao, ——Isn't this mystery more difficult to guess than the mystery of "Boundless Falling Trees"?Mr. Cai also said that the story of "Picking firewood" told by Mr. Liu in the thirty-ninth chapter was about the destruction of Wutong Temple by Tang Bin; ; His granddaughter Qing'er is the leek that Tang Bin eats every day!This attachment is already ridiculous.The most wonderful thing is that the sixth time Sister Feng gave Mr. Liu twenty taels of silver. Mr. Cai said that this was the twenty gold given by Xu Qianxue after the death of Ying Tangbin; It is said that this is the only salary left by Tang Bin after his death.The eighty taels are gone, and the twenty taels are also gone; but Mrs. Wang also gave Mrs. Liu two bags of silver in the forty-second chapter, fifty taels each, a total of one hundred taels; the one hundred taels But there is no whereabouts! Because there is nothing in Tang Bin's life that fits the one hundred taels of silver, so although the one hundred taels is more important than the twenty-eight taels, it has no value of "retirement" after all!This kind of completely arbitrary acquisition is really unreasonable, so I say that Mr. Cai's is still a very far-fetched attachment. The affiliated members of the third faction, although slightly different, generally advocate that what is recorded is about Nalan Chengde.After Chengde, he changed his name to Xingde and his courtesy name was Rongruo. He was the son of Mingzhu, the prime minister of the Kangxi Dynasty.Chen Kangqi's "Lang Qian Jiwen Erbi" (that is, "Swallows to the Countryside") Volume 5 says: Mr. Xu Liuquan, the former teacher, said: "The novel is the family affairs of the old friend Mingzhu; the twelve golden hairpins are all Nalan guards. (Chengde official guards) are regarded as honorable guests. Baochai is a high-ranking person, and Miaoyu is a shadow of Ximing (Jiang Chenying).... "Mr. And Yu Yue's "Xiaofumei Gossip" ("Quyuan Miscellaneous Compilation" thirty-eight) said: a book, handed down from generation to generation as the son of Mingzhu. ... The name of the pearl is Chengde, and the character is Rongruo. Each of the "Tongzhitang Jingjie" has Nalan Chengde Rongruo preface, that is, the person.Respectfully read the edict issued on February 29th in the fifty-first year of Qianlong: "Chengde was a Chinese-style Juren in Renzike in the eleventh year of Kangxi, and a Chinese-style Jinshi in Guichou in the twelfth year. He was just sixteen years old." (Apply here. The edict is not found in "Donghualu", but it is recorded at the beginning of "Tongzhitang Jingjie") However, Juren was only fifteen years old, which is quite consistent with what is described in the book. Mr. Qian Jingfang's "A Test of a Dream of Red Mansions" (attached below, pages 121-130) also tends to agree with this proposition.Mr. Qian said: It is the book that writes about Bao Dai's infatuation.Daiyu didn't know who she was referring to.The protagonist of Baoyugu Quanshu is Nalan Shiyu.How can you have such a beautiful figure if you serve as a servant instead of a person who is deeply in love?I read "Drinking Water Poetry Notes", not only for the enjoyment between guests and servants, but also for the lingering meaning in the boudoir.That is to say, the section about Daiyu's burial of flowers also comes out of her Ci.Although Daiyu shadows others, she is also the virtue of serving the imperial court in real shadows. The claims of this school, in my opinion, have no reliable basis, and are just a very far-fetched attachment. (1) Nalan Chengde was born in the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654) and died in the twenty-fourth year of Kangxi (1685), at the age of 31.When he died, his father, Mingzhu, was in the heyday. (Graduate scholar added the crown prince and Taifu, and soon he was promoted to the crown prince and Taishi). How can we say that Baoyu who witnessed the rise and fall of Jia's mansion refers to him? (2) Yu Yue cited the 51st edict of Qianlong to say that Cheng Dezhong Juren was only fifteen years old, but in fact even the edict was wrong. Chengde was born in the eleventh year of Shunzhi; Kangxi Renzi was eighteen years old when he was selected as a candidate; next year Guichou was nineteen years old when he was selected as a Jinshi.Both Xu Qianxue's "Epitaph" and Han Su's "Shinto Monument" say so.Because Emperor Qianlong insisted on denying that many of the prefaces of "Tongzhitang Jingjie" were written by Cheng De, he said that he was only sixteen years old when he became a Jinshi. (Maybe Chengde deliberately shortened his age by three when he took the exam, but Emperor Qianlong only relied on the age on his resume.) In any case, we cannot use the age of Baoyu Zhongju to attach Chengde.If the age of Baoyu's examination can be attached to Chengde, we can also use the age of Chengdezhong Jinshi and Palace Examination to prove that Baoyu is not Chengde! (3) As for Mr. Qian's statement that Nalan Chengde's wife is Daiyu, it seems even more untenable.Chengde was originally married to Lu Shi, the daughter of Xingzu, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and was married to Guan Shi, who had two sons and a daughter.Lu Shi died early, so there are several mourning poems in "Drinking Water Ci".Mr. Qian cites his mourning poems to accompany Daiyu. In fact, there are more than a few thousand poems of mourning in old Chinese literature.And it's pretty much the same stuff.If a few mourning verses can be attached to Lin Daiyu, Lin Daiyu will really become a "husband"! (4) As for Xu Liuquan's statement that the twelve gold hairpins in the Grand View Garden are all a group of celebrities who Nalan Chengde regards as guests, this method of attaching the law and the method has the same danger.Just like Xu Liuquan said that Miao Yuying Jiang Chenying, then why can't Daiyu attach herself to Jiang Chenying?Why can't Qingwen attach herself to Jiang Chenying?Or if he said that Baochai shadows Gao Shiqi, then Xiren can also shadow Gao Shiqi, and Sister Feng can shadow Gao Shiqi even more.Let's try Jiang Chen The text of Yingji Nalan Chengde: When my brother saw me, he blamed me for being Luoluo; in turn, he rewarded me for my mark. ... The brothers know me, but the reason is not the same.I often squat, and I don't stretch out to the guests. My brother is not proud, and knows that I am true.When I scold, I don't ask Gao Jue, my brother is not crazy, but I know that I am evil.Discussing things passionately, opening the bridge of tongue with eyes wide open, brother is calling for help.Sometimes to the wine, there is a sad song with snowy tears, saying that Yu loses his ambition, but what if he is lonely and angry?He who is here should really respond and hate, but the rest of the world refuses, and the brothers are solid. Can Miaoyu deserve this kind of friendship?Isn't this more like Daiyu?Let's try to read Guo Xiu's memorial to the impeachment of Gao Shiqi: ... Over time, with so many wings, it established itself. ... All the governors, vassals, daofu, halls and counties, as well as the big and small ministers inside, are all coaxed by Wang Hongxu and others, and those who are predestined to take care of them are given thousands of dollars; Said peace money. However, if people are willing to be bribes, Gai Shiqi has been enshrined for a long time, and the momentum is growing. Everyone says that his door is true, but Shiqi then forgets that he is a fraud, and he does not doubt it, saying, my door real. ... The poor Confucian who made a living by searching for museums suddenly became a multi-millionaire.Where does gold come from?It is nothing more than taking and giving to the officials.Where does the officer come from?Non-invasion of state funds, that is, stripping the people's cream.The husband fills the insatiable ravines with the state's money and the people's anointing, which is the worm of the real country and the thief of the people like Shi Qi. ... (Qing History Museum's biography "Qi Xian Lei Zheng" 60) Can Baochai deserve such a crime?Isn't this more like Sister Feng?The purpose of my citing these examples is to show that this kind of attachment is entirely subjective, arbitrary, most unreliable, and most useless.Mr. Qian Jingfang said it well: "To put it simply, the book "Red Mansion" is a castle in the air. The author came from his own interest, picked it up casually, and had no intention at first. There are many similarities in the hundreds of pictures I have drawn, but if you press them carefully, you will finally realize that the appearance is right but the spirit is not." two Now I would like to advise you who love to read: "If we want to truly understand, we must first break this far-fetched mystery!" In fact, in the research and verification, it is possible not to use the method of attaching meetings.We only need to determine who the author of this book is based on reliable editions and reliable materials, the author's deeds and family background, the time when the book was written, what kind of different copies of this book have existed, and what are the origins of these copies.These questions are the proper sphere of inquiry. Let's start with the question of "author". For the first time in this book, it is said that the original manuscript of the book was copied from a stone by Taoist Kongkong, hence the name; ": "Later, because Cao Xueqin read it for ten years in the Mourning Hongxuan, added and deleted it five times, compiled it into a catalog, divided it into chapters, and titled it "Jinling Twelve Beauties", and titled it uniquely. The poem says: the paper is full of absurd words, a handful of bitter tears. It is said that the author is crazy, who can understand the meaning? Chapter 120 also mentioned the reason why Cao Xueqin taught this book.Probably the titles of "Stone" and Kongkong Taoist were the origin of Cao Xueqin's pretense, so people at that time believed that the book was written by Cao Xueqin.There is an article in the second volume of Yuan Mei's Suiyuan Shihua: During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Cao Lianting (Liandang Neem) was woven for Jiangning. Every time he came out to support the Eight Zou, he would bring a book with him, and he could not stop watching and playing.A man asked, "Why do you like to learn?" He said, "No. I am not a local official, but the people will stand up when they see me. I am disturbed, so I use this to cover my eyes and ears." Su and Chen Pengnian, the prefect of Jiangning, did not agree with each other, and Chen was convicted, so Chen was recommended closely.People take this seriously. His son Xueqin wrote a book to record the prosperity of Fengyue.Among them there is the so-called Grand View Garden, that is, Yu Zhi Sui Garden.Ming I fast read and envy it. (There are no such seven characters in the engraved version.) At that time, there was a certain school book You Yan in the red building, and the inscription in our studio said: (this four-character engraved edition is "Xueqin presents the cloud", which is now corrected according to the original engraved edition) "Sick and haggard is better than peach blossoms. The sweat is turning hot again. I am afraid that the person I love will see it and say that today is worse." "The prestige is like mountains and rivers, and the wind should be taken away from the wind. It is not like the restrained attitude of Xiaojia, who laughs less and keeps silent. " Of all the circumstantial evidence materials we have on the matter, this one is the earliest.People in recent times cite this article, but they do not always include it in full; most of them have never fully understood the importance of this article.There are a few important points about this record: (1) Therefore, we know that the literati in the Qianlong period admitted that it was written by Cao Xueqin. (2) This article says that Cao Xueqin is the son of Cao Lianting. (Also, Volume 16 of "Suiyuan Poetry Talk" also said that "Xueqin is the heir to the weaving of Cao Lianting". But this statement is actually wrong, and I will explain it in detail later.) (3) This article says that the Grand View Garden is the later Sui Garden. Yu Yue quoted a small part of this article in "Xiaofumei Gossip", and added a note, saying: Nalan Rongruo's "Drinking Water Ci Collection" has "Manjianghong", which was composed by Cao Ziqing inscribed by his ancestors. Pavilion, that is, Xueqin. Yu Yue said that Cao Ziqing is Xueqin, which is absurd.Cao Ziqing is Cao Lianting, which is Cao Yin. Let's examine who Cao Yin is first.Volume 12 of Wu Xiu's "Zhao Dynasty Celebrities' Chido Biography" says: Cao Yin, styled Ziqing, nicknamed Lianting, Fengtianren, official and political envoy, Jiangning weaving.The ancient books in the school magazine are very exquisite, such as "Five Rhymes" and "Twelve Kinds of Neem Pavilion" engraved by Yangzhou Bureau, which are popular in the world.He is the author of "Mianting Poetry Notes". The second volume of "Yangzhou Painting Boat Record" says: Cao Yin, styled Ziqing, nicknamed Lianting, was a Manchurian, official of Lianghuai Salt Institute.Gong Poetry, good books, author of "Nianting Poetry Collection".Twelve kinds of secretaries were published, including "Meiyuan", "Sound and Painting Collection", "Fa Shu Kao", "Qin History", "Mo Jing", "Inkstone Notes", Liu Houshan (as Liuhou Village), and "Forbidden Bian" , "Diaoji Litan", "Capital Jisheng", "Sugar Spectrum", "Recording Ghost Book". The four characters "Jiangtian Chuanshe" on the gate list of Yuyuan in Yizheng today are also written. These two items can be referred to.In addition, in Han Su's "Manuscripts of Youhuaitang", there is an article "The Story of Neem Pavilion", which says: Lixuan Cao made the emperor extremely filial.Since his ancestors Dong Sanfu and Guan Jiangning, he planted a neem tree in the office, loved it absolutely, and used it as a pavilion to rest there.More than ten years later, when the emperor moved from the Soviet Union to the festival, as if the husband was in charge, the pavilion was quite damaged, and it was replaced by a new material, which was added to the chalk, and the pavilion was completed. ... According to this, we can know that Cao Yin is also named Lixuan, and we can also know the history of Neem Pavilion in "Drinking Water Ci". The most detailed record is Zhang Xuecheng's "Bingchen Notes": Cao Yin was the censor of salt inspection in the Huaihe River and Huaihe River, and carved fifteen kinds of ancient books, which are called "Cao Lian Ting Ben" in the world.In Kangxi's forty-three years, forty-five years, forty-seven years, and forty-nine years, there was one term in between, and he and Li Xu, the same banner, replaced each other.In the forty-fourth year, forty-sixth year, and forty-eighth year, Li and Cao replaced each other; It's been a long time.However, Cao has been called by scholars and officials up to now, but Li Wuwen has never heard of it. Unfortunately, Cao Yin, whom Zhang Xuecheng said is "so far called by scholars and officials", has not left a biography for us to do research. Neither "Qi Xian Lei Zheng" nor "Biography of Steles" has a biography of Cao Yin. .Only Song He's "Biography of Chen Pengnian" ("Qi Xian Lei Zheng" volume 164, page 18 below) has an important record: Yiyou (the forty-fourth year of Kangxi), went on a southern tour. (This is the fifth southern tour of Emperor Kangxi) The governor gathered a secretary to make a confession, and wanted to add three points to the consumption of Dingliang.All divisions are intimidated, but Weiwei.Du Pengnian (Chen Pengnian, prefect of Jiangning) refused to accept it, no.The governor is disconcerted, and even though he is going to sleep, he wants to decide to go to Pengnian. No matter what, the car was driven from Longtan to Jiangning, and the palace was first created (according to this refers to the palace in Longtan). Those who want to go are angry because of this. At that time, the common people (according to this, Yinfeng, the prince of Emperor Kangxi, who was abolished in the forty-seventh year) were lucky and angry, and wanted to kill Pengnian.Drive to Jiangning, stop at Weaving Mansion.One day, the young son of weaving was playing in the court, and he said because of his ignorance, "Do you know that there are good officials in Jiangning?" He said: "I know that there is Chen Pengnian." Pengnian, known as his virtuous.And Ying is the master of the common people, and Shangnai said to the common people, "Your master is worthy, how can I kill him?" The common people still want to kill him. Weaving Cao Yin kowtowed without a crown, please for the Year of Peng.At that time, after Suzhou weaving Li Mou Fu Yin, it was Yin ■ (the word ■ is not found in the calligraphy, which seems to mean the family of a son and daughter).Yin looked at him angrily and said, "Why?" Kowtow again, there is a sound on the steps, so I have to invite you.When he came out, the governor Song Luoni said, "You are worthy of Zhu Yun breaking the threshold!" Also, my friend Gu Jiegang found out the following list of officials in Jiangning weaving in "Jiangnan Tongzhi": Cao Xi from the second year to the 23rd year of Kangxi Sanger from the 23rd year to the 31st year of Kangxi Cao Yin from the 31st year to the 52nd year of Kangxi Cao Yong from the fifty-second to fifty-fourth years of Kangxi Cao Fu from the fifty-fourth year of Kangxi to the sixth year of Yongzheng Six years after Yongzheng, Sui Hede And the officials of Suzhou weaving are as follows: Cao Yin from the 29th to the 32nd year of Kangxi Li Xu from the 32nd year to the 61st year of Kangxi We can talk about the importance of these two tables separately: (1) Cao Xi, whose character is Wanbi, is Cao Yin's father.Jiegang quoted "Shangyuan Jiangning County Chronicles" as saying: "The weaving bureau is complicated, the seal is here, and the accumulated disadvantages are cleared up. See, Chen Jiangnan's officials are very detailed, and he is bestowed with boa clothes, plus a grade, and the imperial book is 'Jingshen' flat forehead. Died in the position. Ziyin." (2) Therefore, it can be known that Cao Yin was engaged in weaving in Suzhou from the 29th to the 32nd year of Kangxi; from the 31st to the 32nd year, he was concurrently in charge of weaving in Jiangning; ten years. (3) For the dates of Emperor Kangxi's six southern tours, please refer to the above two tables: Kangxi's second and third southern tour Cao Xi weaving for Suzhou 28th Second Southern Tour Three Eighty-Three Southern Tours Cao Yin Weaves for Jiangning Four Two Four Southern Tours Ditto Four, four, five southern tours ditto 466 Southern Tours Ditto (4) Jiegang also got the test that "Kangxi's southern tour, except for the first time he was stationed in the General's Office in Nanjing, the other five times he used the Weaving Department as a residence".Among these five times, Cao Yin served as the pick-up driver four times.In addition, "Zhenqitang Series" contains a volume of "Shengjia Five Lucky Jiangnan Gonglu", which records the fifth southern tour of Kangxi in the forty-four years. Qualified to rush to Yangzhou to pick him up; also remember the gift of Cao Yin's tribute and the reward of Emperor Kangxi when he returned to Luan. It is very detailed, you can refer to it. (5) Both Cao Yong and Cao Fu are the sons of Cao Yin.There is a preface to Guo Zhenji in Cao Yin's "Xianting Poetry Notes", which says "the servant has been in charge of the husband for a long time, and now the son succeeds the weaving department, and he insults the world".There is no doubt that Cao Yongzhi is the son of Cao Yin.Cao Fu is probably Cao Yong's brother. (details below) In addition, there is an article in the catalog of recipes and recipes in the "Summary of Siku Quanshu" that says: "The Record of Daily Drinks and Foods". (Edited by Cheng Jinfang's family collection) Written by Cao Yin of the State Dynasty.Yin is named Ziqing, named Neem Pavilion, and is inlaid with the blue flag of the Han Army.In the reign of Emperor Kangxi, he inspected the Lianghuai Salt Administration and added the title of General Secretary.It is compiled into a compilation of the methods of drinking and eating passed down from previous generations: one is Song Wangzhuo's "Sugar Frosting Spectrum"; Quan Shi "; fifth, Yuan Haibin Yisou's "Preparation of Preserved Fish"; sixth, Ming Wang Shucheng's "Niaolu"; seventh, Ming Shi Zhigang's "Ming Jian"; eighth and ninth, Ming Guanqi old man "Vegetable Fragrance Spectrum", and "Vegetable Preparation Law".The middle "Sugar Frost Spectrum" has been engraved by Yin into the collection "Ten Kinds of Neem Pavilion"; In addition, there is an article in the catalog of other collections in "Summary": five volumes of "Mianting Poetry Notes", with one volume of "Ci Chao". (Jiangsu governor adopts and enters the book) Written by Cao Yin of the State Dynasty.Yin has "Records of Living Drinks and Foods", which has been recorded.His poems were carved in Yangzhou at one moment, and there were thousands of poems; when they were engraved in Yizheng, Zeyin eliminated his old engravings, and Wu Shangzhong carved them in the Cambodian garden.This book is also engraved by Yizheng.His poems come and go between Bai Juyi and Su Shi. The "Summary" says that the Cao family is from the Xianglan Banner, which is wrong. The "General Genealogy of the Eight Banners Clans" includes Cao Xiyuan's lineage, saying that his family is from Zhengbai Banner, so it should be corrected accordingly.But because we mentioned Cao Yin's poetry collection in "Siku Abstract", we actually found his complete works later, including eight volumes of "Mianting Shichao", one volume of "Wenchao", one volume of "Cichao", and "Poems" Four volumes of "Collections" and one volume of "Ci Bie Ji" (collected by Tianjin Park Library).From his collections, we know that he was born on September 7, 1658, the fifteenth year of Shunzhi, and died in the second half of the fifty-first year of Kangxi (1712), when he was fifty-five years old. .His poems are quite good, and among the poets of the Eight Banners, he is naturally considered a master. (His poems accounted for a whole volume in Tie Bao's Poems of the People of the Eight Banners—renamed "The Collection of Songs of the Xi Dynasty"). Write a preface for "Mianting Poetry Notes". Summing up the above facts about Cao Yin, several conclusions can be drawn: (1) Cao Yin is a family of the Eight Banners, and has been an official in the south of the Yangtze River for several generations.His father Cao Xi has been weaving in Jiangning for 21 years; Cao Yin himself has been weaving in Suzhou for four years and Jiangning for 21 years. .After his death, his son Cao Yong continued to do Jiangning weaving for three years, and his son Cao Fu continued to do Jiangning weaving for 13 years.Three generations of four people in his family have been weaving in Jiangning for a total of fifty-eight years.This weaving has really become his family's "world job". (2) During Emperor Kangxi's southern tour, his family had done more than four pick-up missions. (3) Cao Yin can write and write poems, and has a collection of poems published in the world; he was in charge of the engraving of "Quan Tang Poems" in Yangzhou, and the Poetry Bureau of Yangzhou was under his management for a long time; (In addition to the above-mentioned books, there are also "Zhouyi Benyi", "Shi Yushan Collection" and so on; Zhu Yizun's "Expo Shuting Collection" was also engraved with Cao Yin's donation, and he died before the engraving was completed.) There are many books in his family. There are as many as 3,287 kinds of books (see his "Bibliography of Neem Pavilion", there are banknotes in the Beijing Normal University Library), which shows that his family has a rich literary and artistic environment. (4) He was born in the fifteenth year of Shunzhi and died in the fifty-first year of Kangxi (1658-1712). The above is a brief biography of Cao Yin and his family background.Who is Cao Yin on Cao Xueqin's side?Yuan Mei said in "Suiyuan Shihua" that Cao Xueqin is the son of Cao Yin.For more than a hundred years, everyone has believed this statement, and even I believed this statement in the first draft of this "Textual Research".Now we know that Cao Xueqin is not Cao Yin's son, but his grandson.It was Mr. Yang Zhongxi who first corrected this big mistake.Mr. Yang edited 60 volumes of "The Classic of Eight Banners" and wrote three volumes of "Xueqiao Shihua".In Volume 6, page 23 of the sequel of "Snow Bridge Poetry Talk", he said: Jingting (Duncheng, the imperial family of the Qing Dynasty, with the word Jingting)... tasted as a fold of "Legend of Pipa Pavilion". Bai Fu Shiling should be very happy, and he will teach the barbarian ghosts to show off." Xueqin is the grandson of Lianting Tongzheng, and he has been poetry all his life. There is a sentence in Jingting's poem about Xueqin that "the posthumous writings of Niu Gui are sad for Li He, and Liu Ling is buried with deer cart and lotus". This one makes us realize three main points: (1) Cao Xueqin is famous. (2) Cao Xueqin is not Cao Yin's son, but his grandson. (On page 990 of the "Dictionary of Chinese Names", "Mingzhan, Yinzi." It seems that part of it was mistakenly changed based on "Xueqiao Shihua") (3) There must be materials about Cao Xueqin in the collection of poems and essays of Duncheng, the royal family of the Qing Dynasty. Duncheng, named Jingting, nicknamed Songtang, is a descendant of the British king.His anecdotes are also scattered in the second episode of "Snow Bridge Poetry".He has two volumes of poems, two volumes of essays in "Si Song Tang Ji", and one volume of "Wren Xuan Bi Yu".His elder brother's name is Dunmin, and his style is Ziming. He has "Maozhai Shichao".Since then, I have been looking for the collections of these two people everywhere, but I haven't found them yet.I went to Shanghai this summer and wrote a letter to Mr. Yang Zhongxi. He wrote back and said that there used to be "Si Song Tang Ji", but it was lost after the 1911 Rebellion.I'm disappointed though.But since Mr. Yang said that Cao Xueqin is the grandson of Cao Yin according to "Si Song Tang Ji", there is no doubt about it.Because the brothers Duncheng are good friends of Xueqin, their testimony is naturally credible. Although I haven't seen the complete works of the Duncheng brothers, there is a volume of their brothers' poems in "Eight Banners' Poetry Notes" ("Xi Chao Ya Song Collection").There are four poems about Cao Xueqin in this volume. Because such materials are not easy to come by, I put them all here: To Cao Xueqin Dunmin Clear water, green mountains and winding paths, Xueluomen Lane full of haze.Look for poets to stay at the monk wall, and sell paintings to pay the restaurant.The wild songs of Yanshi meet and meet, and the dreams of Qinhuai recall the prosperity.Knowing how much you know about new worries and old hatreds, you are all drunk and squinting. Interviewing Cao Xueqin is not worth Dunmin Yepu is frozen and the clouds are deep, and the late smoke of Chaifei is thin.There are no people in the mountain village, and the setting sun is about to fall. Saber quality wine Goducheng Autumn dawn meets Xueqin in the locust tree garden, the wind and rain are drenched, and the morning cold hits the robes.Before the owner came out, Xueqin was thirsty like crazy, and Yu took the wine to drink because he untied his saber. Xueqin was very happy and sang a long song to thank Yu.余亦作此答之。 我闻贺鉴湖，不惜金龟掷酒垆。又闻阮遥集，直卸金貂作鲸吸。嗟余本非二子狂，腰间更无黄金珰。秋气酿寒风雨恶，满园榆柳飞苍黄。主人未出童子睡，斝干瓮涩何可当！相逢况是淳于辈，一石差可温枯肠。身外长物亦何有？鸾刀昨夜磨秋霜。且酤满眼作软饱，……令此肝肺生角芒。曹子大笑称“快哉！”击石作歌声琅琅。知君诗胆昔如铁，堪与刀颖交寒光。我有古剑尚在匣，一条秋水苍波凉。君才抑塞倘欲拔，不妨斫地歌王郎。