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Liang Qichao's Collected Works and Lectures

Liang Qichao's Collected Works and Lectures

梁启超

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  • 1970-01-01Published
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Chapter 1 Hunan Current Affairs School Questions and Answers (Excerpt) (Winter 1897)

Cai Genyin (E) asked: Confucius was unified, so there was no chance of killing.Today's wise scholars and bureaucrats want to supervise their governors, prefectures, prefectures, and towns, but are they going to quarrel with the master? Teaching beam batch: The reason why all countries in ancient and modern times are strong and prosperous is that many small countries have merged into one big country, such as the United States, Britain, Germany, Italy, Osmarga, Japan, and Switzerland.In the past, they fought each other to be weak, but now they are united to be strong. This is exactly the righteousness of Confucius' great unification.Seeing that various affairs in the United States and Japan are handled by the government, there are several major policies that are handled by the government, such as the navy, army, criminal law, and negotiations; the rest of the local affairs are handled by each locality, and the government does not interfere.This is the best way.Today's China is the opposite.For example, the navy should be classified as one, while the northern and southern oceans are independent and do not care about each other; a small robbery case is enough for the state and county government, and it is ridiculous to go to the labor court for trial.However, to this day, Fang and this law cannot be rectified, so China has not only become eighteen countries, but also turned into 400,000 countries.There is nothing worse than the loss of national power.The government has no hope now, so it has to look to the governors and counties. If one province, one prefecture, and one county can be rectified, then the rest of the provinces, prefectures, and counties are also hopeful.

Zuo Jingyi asked: The Japanese warships came to the east, and the compensation and the land were cut, and the national interests were shattered; the strong neighbors were coveted, and they did not know how to defend them, so the seeds were weak;The scholar-bureaucrats of the Central Plains know that the country is weak, the species is weak, and the education is weak. They study the reasons why the country is weak, the species is weak, and the education is weak. Dao, the unknown is also unknown.It is my honor to show you how my teacher protects the country, species, and education, and encourages him to accept his vocation.

Teaching beam batch: You must know that if you protect the country, then you can protect the country; the same is true for protecting the seed and teaching.If the power of one person cannot protect it, then combine the power of many people to protect it.The more people who know this principle, the more people who can protect it; if everyone in the world can understand it, there will be no country that cannot be protected, no seed that cannot be protected, and no teaching that cannot be protected.You must know how to do it later, and it is not a meritorious service if you do not learn it.Wang Wencheng said: "If you don't know, how can you say it?" However, there is no one who can know but can't do it.If you know but don't do it, you must not know the truth.Therefore, scholars are only seeking knowledge.Reluctant to learn, there are so many things to do in the world, I am not talking big to deceive the kings.

Li Dongshi asked: Yesterday, Mr. Liang said that the beginning of chaos and the transition of the three generations meant that after the Western people studied the grass and trees, it was the world of animals and animals; after the world of animals and animals, human beings began to flourish.Believe me!However, it is not necessary to study it by Westerners, that is, we can infer it from the principle of mutual eclipse today.Why do today's animals and animals eat grass, and why do people eat animals and animals?It is natural for those who wish to flourish will decline, and if they are extremely prosperous, they will fail.The sky is tired of grass and trees.

Teaching beam batch: This statement refers to the theory of life and biology, which refers to the time when there is no production.If there is already a production after birth, then use the strong to swallow the weak, and use the big to make the weak small, this is another world, and this principle should not be confused.Westerners have the theory of evolution and invented it very much. Poplar Valley asked: Mencius said: "If you kill a scholar without a crime, the doctor can go; if you kill the people without a crime, the scholar can become a disciple." So far, I have doubts.Husband appoints Zhi as a minister, and there is no one who can avoid it in the face of difficulties. Why not admonish the king for his mistakes, but go so far as to say nothing?Although it is said that the ruler of the people was not enough to do anything at that time, it is also clear that the way of ministers must be exhausted.What exactly did Mencius mean?

Teaching beam batch: (Records) said: "It is not a special monarch who chooses his ministers, even the ministers also choose the emperor." He also said: "The emperor envoys the ministers with courtesy." Those who are also husbands and ministers are also those who handle civil affairs with the emperor.For example, if you open a shop, the king will be the general manager of the shop, and the ministers will be the shopkeepers of the shop, etc. Why can't you go to the country?Among the six classics, there are so many people who say this kind of truth, it is by no means strange.Since the Qin Dynasty, the power of the monarch has been respected day by day, and the ministers regard themselves as slaves of the real monarch.All state affairs should be promoted and reformed, civil affairs should be harmed and benefited, and what the king should do should directly remonstrate with those who offend Yan Yan, but they are all silent and flattering, servile and servile to please their king, and the word "famous festival" is wiped out. .As for today, the reason why morale is sluggish and the country's power is declining is not involuntary.This is indeed the greatest key through the ages.He has never heard of Mencius' great righteousness!

Zhou Hongye asked: Reading "Teng Wengong Pian", it seems that Teng Wengong can also use Mencius' words.However, its weakness remains the same.Is it true that a big country for five years and a small country for seven years must govern the world?People who want Mencius to teach, never disregard words and deeds.May I ask where it is? Teaching beam batch: Good question.However, Teng Wen did not do what Mencius said at that time.Anyone who does a thing must do his best, and he can be responsible for its effectiveness.If you only practice one or two of them, sometimes it will be counterproductive.Today's trip to China is also Western law.Is it okay to blame the Western method for its ineffectiveness if it is not organized and fragmented?Seeing that Bi Zhan asked Jing Tian, ​​and there was no more content in the future, then Teng must have not fully followed the words of Mencius at that time.Who is the one who does what Mencius said?The same is true of European and American countries today.The United States is far away in the Western Hemisphere, and the people of Europe return to it; Switzerland is a small country, and all major political affairs in the West are held here.The so-called one who governs the world is not right?

Chen Qiyin asked: Zhang Bo hoped to gain access to the Western Regions, and people say that he was the first to open up frontier quarrels, but today's China is struggling and unable to communicate.Merit is the foundation of external disasters, and sin is the starting point of Great Harmony.Isn't it a great strategy to see its effect for a while? Teaching beam batch: It is the way of heaven that the nations of the earth must communicate with each other.Although the manpower is strong, is it against the sky?Therefore, it is the most stupid and crude words of the Chinese to say that they want to shut themselves up and guard themselves in order to eliminate patients from outsiders.Zhang Bowang’s contribution is great. Westerners call it the Columbus Conference, and China also remembers Zhang Bowang’s contribution for the conference.Is there a cloud of guilt?

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