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Chinese spirit

辜鸿铭

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Chapter 1 Section 1: The Religion of the Good Citizen

Chinese spirit 辜鸿铭 1547Words 2018-03-18
Is there anything wrong with us doing this?Mob, we can't help fooling them; see how lazy and incompetent they are!How savage it looked!All Adam's people are impotent and barbaric when you fool them, and only sincerity can make them human - Goethe. The current great war attracts the attention of the whole world, and people don't care about other things.But I think that the war itself should divert the attention of serious thinking people to the great question of civilization.All civilizations begin with the conquest of nature, i.e. by subjugating and controlling its terrifying material forces so that they cannot be harmful to man.Today modern European civilization has successively succeeded in conquering nature, and it must be admitted that no other civilization has hitherto been able to do so.But, in this world, there is a power more terrible than the terrible material power of nature, and that is the passion in the heart of man.The physical force of nature can do far less harm to man than the harm that human passion can do to man.It is evident, therefore, that there can be no civilization, not even the possibility of human life, until this terrible force, the human passions, can be properly regulated and controlled.

In the earlier and barbarous stages of society, man had to use the physical forces of nature to control and restrain his passions.Thus the savage tribe is restrained by the pure force of nature.But with the advent of civilization, man discovered a power that controls his passions more powerfully and effectively than the forces of nature, and this power is the power of morality.The moral force that used to restrain and control human passions among Europeans was Christianity.But now this aforementioned armament war seems to show that Christianity is no longer effective as a moral force.In the absence of an effective moral force to control and restrain human passions, Europeans once again had to use the forces of nature to maintain civilized order.Indeed, as Carlyle (13) said: "Europe is anarchy, plus a policeman." The use of natural forces to maintain civil order eventually leads to militarism.In fact, militarism is needed in Europe today because of the absence of an effective moral force.But militarism leads to war, and war means destruction and waste.So the Europeans were caught between a rock and a hard place.If they stay away from militarism, then anarchy will destroy their civilization, but if they stick to militarism, their civilization will also collapse due to the waste and destruction of war.But the British said they were determined to crush Prussian militarism, and Lord Kirchler believed he could crush Prussian militarism with three million well-trained and well-armed British troops.But it seems to me that once Prussian militarism is extinguished, there will be another militarism, British militarism, which must also be extinguished.Therefore, it seems that there is no way out of this vicious circle.

But is there really no way out?No, I believe there must be a way out.Emerson of America said long ago, "I can easily see the shattering of the musket cult, though great men are musket worshipers; and indeed, as God proves, a weapon needs another weapon, and nothing but love and The laws of justice can produce revolutions once and for all." Today, if the Europeans really want to stamp out militarism, there is only one way out, and that is with a weapon that Emerson said needs no other weapon, namely, justice. and the law of love, which is actually moral force.As long as there is an effective moral force, militarism is no longer needed and will disappear by itself.But now that Christianity is no longer effective as a moral force, the question is, where do Europeans go to find this new moral force that would make militarism unnecessary?

I think Europeans will find this new moral force in China, in Chinese civilization.The moral force that makes militarism superfluous is the religion of good citizenship.When people say to me, "China also has wars." Indeed, there are wars in China; but, since Confucius, for many years, we Chinese have not had the kind of wars that we see in Europe today.In China, war is accidental, but in Europe, war has become a kind of necessity.We in China may also have wars, but we will not live under the constant shadow of war.Actually, it seems to me that one of the things that is intolerable in this state of Europe is not war, but that every individual is constantly afraid that his neighbors will come to him as he does once he is strong enough, that is, to rob and even kill him. He, therefore he either armed himself or hired an armed policeman to protect him.The burden upon the Europeans was therefore not so much war as the continual necessity of arming themselves, the absolute necessity of using the forces of nature to protect themselves.

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