Chapter 8 Transcript of Huang Yongyu's speech at Yuelu Academy 2

River embankment finishing abstraction and concreteness in art The following is about the abstraction and concreteness of art. Chinese painting pays attention to charm, emptiness and subtlety.Why should we pay attention to it?Because people need something abstract to comprehensively adjust the troubled life. At home, in the office, after being busy, people are often lost in a kind of space-time void, doing nothing, thinking nothing, hazy, silly there, When someone comes over and asks here and there, you will say don't make noise, let me be quiet.This kind of quietness is not a rest, but a more elegant one is called detachment, a daze, and a forgetfulness.

People in real life often forget or lose this important state of emptiness. People are on the cliffs of the mountain, facing the vast peaks at the foot, and the overlapping mountains in the distance, it can't be said that he didn't think about anything at the time, But it is certain that most of time and space are in a state of no thought. By the sea, in the pine trees, under the moon, before the first light of the morning, in the busy life, this kind of state is very nourishing, and it plays a role of revitalizing force. In Chinese painting, people pay special attention to works of this kind of realm.

Ma Yuan and Fan Kuan, two famous scholars in the Song Dynasty, and Ni Yunlin (name Zan, character Yuanzhen) in the Yuan Dynasty, Including the later Shi Tao, Bada, and modern Fu Baoshi, are all experts in this area. Let me talk about Fu Baoshi's paintings. He had an idea first, and sometimes he would draw a very large painting, using a very large brush, splashing, splashing water and ink.When you're done sprinkling, let it dry. After it dries, ball it up, pinch, pinch into a ball.Then spread out the paper and flatten it. Of course, the top is still high and low, and he sweeps it with a pen.

After sweeping, iron it again and hang it up.It looks like nothing, very abstract. Then, in it, he looked for the fog, the distance, the current, and the waterfall. On this basis, use a pen to remove the water, strengthen the empty lemon, and pick it out. After picking it out, it is still a very abstract thing.He added a few "big trees" inside.The "big tree" on the mountain is actually a very small tree. Add a few smaller houses under the tree, and add a few smaller people in the house, people in red clothes, people in green clothes, very prominent people. When the viewer notices this, and then looks back at the messy things he just painted, there are "things",

The nearby mountains and the distant mountains lead people into the mountains and rivers. Mr. Fu Baoshi's brilliance is that he can perfectly harmonize the abstract and the concrete. He is such a great artist. This kind of self-cultivation is very difficult to achieve.Lu Xun once criticized a superficial and simple understanding of this kind of abstraction and concreteness, understanding this so-called elegant approach, He said: "Advocating nobleness will become emptiness." Without this kind of self-cultivation and understanding, if you pretend to be noble, you will be empty.

Don't do it well, it's easy to become childish and ridiculous.This is a kind of controlled knowledge in art. What do these two lines of Wang Wei's poem: "Returning to the shadow of the forest, to the moss again", what do they explain? It illustrates a kind of feeling, something not very specific, a kind of artistic conception that is moving slowly. But it is very difficult to obtain this kind of artistic conception in art, so if we can’t get it on the screen, we can look for it in poems and words. And in turn help our creation. Some friends didn't understand, and complained to me, saying that they couldn't understand modern music, and they couldn't understand abstract paintings, especially the avant-garde modern paintings from foreign countries.

I told him: You can understand and understand, but you have forgotten the ability to understand and understand. I asked him, have you watched Beijing Opera?Have you ever seen a local play?Have you ever heard of gongs and drums? He said he had seen and heard it. I asked him, can you bear it? He said of course he could bear it.It's very simple, modern music is the idea of ​​trembling gongs and drums with added notes and tones. (applause) Modern abstract painting, that is, the idea of ​​gongs and drums with various colors added. (applause) More specifically, the sketch teacher of the Academy of Fine Arts taught the students who draw the body to draw plaster statues, talking about the main points, shape, tone, texture, virtual and real movement, and the deep relationship.

Depth relationship, body relationship, talking about light, what changes the light has on the body when the sun shines on it, and the contrast between clothes and faces. After the lecture, let you practice and get a deeper understanding. This is called sketching. Those painting elements, you have to keep in mind, in this way to understand the work you want to do. As long as you understand these things, you will be able to draw people, trees, and landscapes in the future. You will understand these relationships, and it is a matter of proficiency in painting. This refers to realistic painting.

What is the performance of those abstract works? It just uses one of the elements of shape, tone, texture, virtual reality, depth relationship, movement, and contrast that I mentioned earlier. Such as tune.It doesn't matter the theme, the tone is my theme.What I express is the tone.What is a tune?It is depth. Piece by piece of color, subtle tones of different shades, this is a painting.I express texture, thick and thin, this is a painting. I express strong colors, this is another painting.In fact, we went back to the stage where we studied elements to create. Modern painting basically uses this method of expression.When we look at paintings, we should look at them in this way.

Just like we drink tea, foreigners cannot understand that Chinese people drink tea, which is neither sweet nor oily nor tasteful. The beauty of tea is like we are "drinking" an abstract painting.You can experience modern painting from this angle. Good abstract paintings, once you get used to seeing them, are also very enjoyable.Still, it breaks our old appreciation habits. Always ask what is it talking about?What's the story?What means?It doesn't talk about these things. Someone asked Picasso: "What do you mean by this painting? I don't understand at all."

Picasso asked him: "Have you ever heard a bird call?" The man said, "I have." Ask him: "Does it sound good?" The man said, "It sounds good." Picasso asked again: "Do you understand?" The man said: "I don't understand" (applause) In fact, the Chinese not only understand abstract art, but also are advocates and creators.To advocate traveling in mountains and rivers is to engage in abstract games. Shanshui does not give you any stories or specific content. The so-called cultivation of temperament is to appreciate abstract art. Many people study tree root carving, especially after the "Gang of Four" collapsed.Appreciation of tree root carvings also has two stages. The initial stage is what it's like.Like a crane, like dancing, like playing chess, like a lion, like a tiger, like an eagle. Over time, I found that the simulated image is not as good as the natural image. It's better not to make something out of it, and it may be better to just look at the little beauty than to look like nothing. Look at the flowing texture of tree roots, that kind of movement relationship, and that kind of strong vitality, which will bring you to a very elegant appreciation state. There are also those who know how to appreciate stones.The shape and texture of stones are the same as appreciating tree roots. At the beginning, there is also a stage for the purpose of analogy with specific images. There are mountains and rivers and scenery in the stone.We have many caves in Xiangxi, and Guilin also has them. I was in Guilin once, and I was very happy and comfortable to run into the cave of Qixingyan. A female commentator came to explain, and she said that it was the cowherd. This is Weaver Girl. After the new society, Cowherd drove a tractor and went to Shenzhen to start a business. (Applause, laughter) Weaver Girl went to the spinning factory to do leadership work. I listened to her talk by the side, and I lost all interest in looking at the stone. Needless to say, I have to experience that state by myself, and the experience is to appreciate abstract art. As soon as it was concretized, especially as a realistic description, the whole thing was over, and I had to run. Both stones and tree roots have a kind of natural interest and a kind of painting. Some of the marble patterns produced in Dali area are like mountains, some are like clouds and trees. They are stones from billions of years ago, which bring us a kind of happiness. It was a magical joy, a clever joy.After the developer's modification, polishing, and guidance, it is indeed amazing. But I prefer the more abstract things that have been slightly processed and polished, such as tree roots or stones, which have a deeper artistic conception and are not so specific. In the Han, Tang, Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, some people already appreciated this kind of art. For example, Bai Juyi collected stones, There is a poem: "Look back and ask Shuangshi if you can accompany me. Although Shi can't speak, allow me to be three friends." During the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, the "Southern History" records that a family transported a very beautiful stone, and later lost a bet with the family, so it was transported to another family. The stone was very big, and the common people watched it and watched it. There is also Mi Fu in the Song Dynasty, who worshiped and kowtowed when he saw a good stone, not because it looked like a Bodhisattva, but because it was beautiful. He also summed up some theories about the beauty of stones, summarizing them into eight characters. One is "leakage", which needs to be ventilated up and down; One is "thin" and looks delicate; To "wrinkle" and wrinkle; To be "transparent", there must be holes, through and through. The combination is "leaky, thin, wrinkled, and transparent". In addition, from its shape, One is "Qing", which looks delicate and beautiful; One is "ugly", the stone looks very interesting; One is "naughty", which looks very naughty; One is "clumsy", which looks silly and clumsy. Together they are "clear, ugly, stubborn, and clumsy". These eight characters point out the temperament of the shape.So many things, we already have. Today, when we appreciate the works of Helmer, a great sculptor in England, they are actually our stones, leaky, thin, wrinkled, and transparent. Look at the relationship between its movement and movement, the contrast between polished smoothness and roughness, these are the things. Of course, this is not to say that I still don’t know how to do it today, and that it’s art to drill a few holes tomorrow. No, it still has deep experience and knowledge. We in China have long had the habit of appreciating this kind of thing. After a period of separation, it becomes two things. Appreciating abstract art, there is an abstract sense of beauty, which is something we need very much. We need emptiness, and emptiness is very beneficial to people.People often forget it.