The famous French female writer Marguerite Duras (Marguerite Duras, 1914-) published two books in 1987, one is the novel Emily L. ", the first is a collection of essays (subtitled "Conversations with Jerome Beaujure").The collection of essays has forty-eight essays of different lengths, short essays are no more than three or five hundred words, and some are as long as ten thousand words. Most of them are related to writing, involving the author's own works, and other related aspects. The events of Andre's acquaintance, and the author's illness from drinking are also the materials described in the book.Dora's thoughts can be understood by reading her articles, and there is no need to say much.But what can be noticed is his unique insight on writing and writing.The author states in the introduction that "none of the texts in the book fully reflect what I generally think about the issues involved, because generally speaking, I don't think about anything, except for the issue of social injustice. I didn't think about anything." In fact, even things involving writing and so on seem to be related to "the issue of social injustice".It is impossible for literature and writing to exclude social and historical reality.The author declares: "This book at most represents my thoughts on certain occasions, certain days, and certain things. Therefore, it also represents my thoughts." Definite thought," was the "scourge" she shunned far and wide.

According to the introduction to the book, the book was roughly written from early autumn to late winter of 1986.It is said that each text was narrated to her friend Jerome Beaujure, and then compiled into a text, which they read through separately, the author revised, and Bojure read it again; in the process, I also encountered some Difficulties, some problems, such as the ones about the subject matter, were said to be "let go" afterward, and seemed to be solved easily.In the end, the author himself revised it, "simplifying the text to make it light and calm", but this is also the "common opinion" of the author and the narrator.

"This book has no beginning, no end, and no middle," says the author, "is evoked from everyday events. It is a book to be read, so to speak. Not a novel, but the closest thing to a novel. "The author said: "When it is dictating, the situation is very strange-just like a daily editor writing an editorial." This probably means that the narration is full of reality.At least it makes people feel that the narrator is close at hand, as if seeing him.In many places in the book, the author clearly writes that she is "in the historical environment" and "like sinking in the sea", and also said, "It really seems that I am fighting to the death with the society that is about to wipe me out"... The confrontation between man and society is probably an underlying theme of a certain type of modern literature.

The author says the publication of the book was "with hesitation" because "there is no predictable or existing form of book composition that could possibly accommodate this fluidity of writing".Therefore, it may not be appropriate to call it an essay here. However, people know that the essay is the genre that French writers are best at, and it has a long history. "The Highway of Discourse" specifically talks about this issue, saying that the discourse here is omnipresent under each topic and at the same time leads to only one place; "Drama" also said: "The effect comes from the unique appearance of the text, from the depth, from the Flesh and Flesh author hopes for a new kind of drama that is meant to be read.The author says the book is also for reading.Because books are not "created", but composed of words, what is spoken to the other party is not a rhetorical combination of words, but is spoken to you, and the speaker is present at the scene.Therefore, drama is written in the form of novel, and novel itself is also drama. "The Talking Woman", published in 1974, is a record of the author's conversation with another woman, Zavier Gotti, about literature, society, women, etc.; in 1977, after the film script "Truck", Michelle Mrs. Poulter's long dialogue; in 1977, he co-wrote the conversation with the same Mrs. Michelle Poulter "Places written by Marguerite Dulla"; and "80" mentioned here many times "Nian Xia" is also a kind of talk, or solo; all this shows that the essays that people see here are a style that the author has always intended to write, and this style runs through the author's dramas, novels, and movie scripts. among.The term stylistic is used here too reluctantly. "Sound in (Night Boat)" said: It is the sound that forms all kinds of things, forming desires and emotions.The sound is richer than the scene where the physical body is present.That is human, human looking, smiling.A real letter can also be soul-stirring, because it is spoken, written with the spoken voice... It should be said that discourse is also a phenomenon of life, and it is also inseparable from history. It is the entity of writing, and the way of writing is Vibrant literature.Stylistics, stylistics, etc. can no longer limit or regulate literary writing, and literature certainly does not exclude metaphors, rhetoric, and rhetoric.

To understand works and writers, empirical analysis is still useful, and full attention should be paid to the writer's life and biography, not to mention that a female writer is often questioned by critics and reporters in this regard.It is not difficult to see signs of this when reading these works, as in "Alan Weinstein" and others.However, readers are requested to pay attention to the two articles "Yonglong" and "Forest of Racine".The previous article mentioned a character who appeared in several novels, Anna-Marie Strait. It is said that this woman showed a kind of knowledge "like a religious belief" when the writer was very young, which is about life. It remains to invent a word to designate "a thing that should be understood that people clearly know but do not understand" for the "instantaneous moment".This incident seems to have formed a motif in the writer's work.The last article, namely the magic mentioned in "The Forest of Racine", "in writing, we must try to find the magic in many ways", is the kind of tragic magic presented in Racine's tragedy about the state of existence.This is a metaphorical description of the relationship between human beings, material life and the world.All of this helps one to trace to the heart of many of the stories writers write.In the final analysis, this book is mainly about writing.

Wang Daoqian August 1989