Chapter 63 color consciousness

Color as a thing should be like poetry, in between the virtual and the real, between existence and non-existence. All nationalities in the world have the sayings of "upper bounds" and "lower bounds" for the dead to go to - uniquely China's is particularly easy to identify, and the library "upper poor'bi'falls'yellow'spring".Thousand Characters also says "Heaven and Earth are mysterious and yellow". It turns out that China's heaven, hell and the universe are all colored!The land of China also has colors, and it is divided into five colors, just like a child's jigsaw puzzle, black in the north, red in the south, white in the west, blue in the east, and yellow in the middle.

Some people are color-blind, some animals are color-blind, but what is even more surprising is that most people's dreams are said to be colorless black-and-white films.From this point of view, even a person with a normal sense of color will lose color for a third of his life every day because of sleep. The painting in China in the past 500 years is a victory of ink.Compared with black, other colors have all faded away. Fortunately, folk New Year pictures, embroidery and temple buildings are still colorful. In comparison, there seems to be the following comparison: The world of adults is plain and dark, but the clothes of children are bright and bright.

The life of the Han people often maintains a deep and dark color, but the Miao, Yao and Tibetan compatriots surround the Han people with colors to remind the Han people. Usually, the home life is monochromatic, but when it comes to festivals, whether it is lanterns on the Lantern Festival, sachets on the Dragon Boat Festival or weddings in the market, the colors will be revived. The common people (also known as the head of Guizhou and the people of Li) live an old and unassuming life, and the emperors and generals still have yellow robes, rich families, purple ribbons and golden cars to show off.

The garden of ancient prose is not often colorful, but the garden of poetry is colorful. Color, in the Chinese world, has always existed in a rare, expensive, and mysterious way. Color should originally belong to the field of art, but in China, it also belongs to literature.When there is no form or color in front of your eyes, just by a few words on the paper, you can also imagine the "white" of the moon and the rivers and lakes, and the "green" of the mountains and rivers when the tide comes. When visiting the Forbidden City, in addition to looking at the exhibits, I also like to look at the labels. One is "real" and the other is "name". "Are.Among the labels, the titles related to color are the only ones that I like. Words like the following are as simple as poetry in themselves:

Jihong: Jihong is a calm red glaze color. Red glaze is rare. I don’t know where the name Jihong came from. It seems that sometimes it is written as "Jihong", which gives people the feeling of straight party. It has a religious quality. pious and absolute.Originally, the healthiest among sheep and the most perfect among jades can be used to worship heaven and heaven, and sacrificial red should also be a kind of red that condenses the purest and closest to dedication. In contrast, "ruby red" is an anti- It looks mediocre, although the ruby ​​red is also bright and beautiful, which is extremely rare.

Ivory: Ivory refers to ivory white, because it is not white but has a sense of life, which makes people think of wool, shells or clean bones. Tianbai: I don’t know how to find out such a good name as Tianbai. Most of the utensils called Tianbai are crisp, thin and greasy. Taro, boiled, peeled in the hot air, with powder and light, sweet from the heart, I don't know if the word "sweet" comes from this way. Jiaohuang: Jiaohuang is actually very similar to apricot yellow. It is deeper than the yellow of watermelon and lighter than the yellow of cassock. It is a transparent topaz facing the sun at noon, and it is pure orange juice freshly squeezed from a glass cup. The yellow can be so yellow. So amazing, loving, and reassuring.American-style orange is too dazzling, it can be used as the color of yachts and lifebuoys belonging to the ocean, and the yellow dragon robe of the Chinese emperor is too exaggerated, as if the newly rich and expensive, I don’t know how to wear it at the moment, so I just randomly choose the color, it seems a bit a bit The feel of stage costumes.But Jiaohuang is calm and contemplative, and has the state mentioned in the book "University" that "after being calm, one can be calm, after being quiet, one can be at ease, after being at ease, one can think, and after thinking, one can gain".What's interesting is that the word "Jiao" can't be regarded as a competent word to describe the color-it's too subjective and emotional, but when I saw "Jiaohuang Gaozu Bowl", I couldn't help but nod immediately, admitting that this yellow It should be called Jiaohuang.

Tea powder: Tea powder is actually the color of autumn fragrance, which is also slightly equal to the cool pear color (Avocado) in English, but the taste is not similar.The cool pear color is soft green with soft yellow in it, like the first spring of a willow in a pond.The tea powder has obviously endured rubbing and burning, and it is the deep fragrance of life after a great contusion.But the two clearly belong to the same family tree and are related by blood.If this color exists alone, it will look dull, but because it is a glaze color, it will be bright and fresh immediately. Partridge spot: This appellation is not enough to be regarded as "pure color", but after careful consideration, if the effect of this milky white and reddish brown interlaced pattern is not used, I really don't know how to describe it. The three characters of partridge spot are probably partridge. The intricate effect of partridge feathers, but I wishful thinking that it is the color of partridge eggshells.All the eggs are of the most beautiful colour, either reddish-brown, or light-mounded, or vermilion-patterned.No matter whether a bird's egg is hidden in the grass or in the branches, it is like an unripe fruit. The purpose of its color is to make it "lose its color" and "not be seen".This pleated invisibility cloak is really touching.

Ji Qing, Yu Guo Qing: Fog Qing is different from Yu Guo Qing, the former produces a frozen deep blue, while the latter is more shallow like cloudy sky blue.What's interesting is that it literally refers to the clear sky after the rain.Maybe good things can't be too good, and Lang Lang Qingtian will be confused after looking at it for a long time, thinking that it is not rare.It must be dark clouds, lead ash, and even the blue sky after the rain is pouring down.Chai Shizong's imperial approval specified that "after the rain, the sky is clear and the clouds are broken, and this color will be the future".The tone is not only like a king, but also like the proud son of heaven, so unscrupulous that he doesn't even know that there are things that cannot be done in the world, and he doesn't even pay attention to the deceitfulness of nature and the secrets of heaven and earth.Unexpectedly, because of his childlike, greedy, and extravagant demands, the world really has the color of azure after rain.

Picking red: the general color, regardless of red, yellow, blue or white, refers to the "positive sign" in mathematics, which is a positive expression of "adding" to the shape.Ti Hong is particularly strange. The word Ti means "minus sign", referring to the sculptor's way of digging out the red color in layers of lacquer colors, which is a negative way of "subtracting".In fact, since the function of eliminating is called ticking empty, it insists on calling it ticking red, as if asking us to pay attention to the painful process.Standing in front of the large glass cabinet and looking at the red lacquer box for a long time, there is a touch of sadness and joy. It turns out that the box is like this in life. It is beautiful and clear, not in the preserved part, but in the hollowed out part.Is it so?After reluctantly letting go, after being cold and lazy, the pattern of life is moving enough.

Doucai: The word Doucai is also a strange adverb. Is there a difference between color and color?In terms of philology, the word Dou is also related to teasing. Both the word Dou and the word Dou have "flirtatious" elements in the glaze color, which reminds people of Li He's "Stone breaks the sky to tease the autumn rain". The teasing is simply provocative!To lure Cunshui out of the sky and colors out of the darkness, the small vessels of fighting colors are usually lively, and the pleasant blue and coral red are indispensable, which are very interesting in folk customs.In the modern language, the verb tease is often used as an adjective, such as "this person is really funny!" The adjective tease has the meaning of "exquisite and fun", so I might as well say "Dou Cai is really funny!"

Of course, "beautiful colors are the most important thing in the world", not all good colors are in the palace. Ordinary people can't help playing with good colors and good names when playing with jade, for example: Haiermian (a kind of jade that has been limed and reddish) Parrot song green (this green is discolored because the neighbor who made the bronze was infected by it) eggplant purple okra yellow Old wine yellow (what a warm association) Shrimp green (there is also a kind of "shrimp back green" in the stone, which reminds people of the gray-blue blood and texture belonging to the shrimp family) Not only jade has good colors, but stones also have good colors, for example: Fish brain jelly: refers to a kind of blue-gray light white translucent stone, and "light jelly" is more transparent. Chicken blood: refers to the thick red stone. Artemisia argyi: It is said to be the best and most valuable type of Shoushan Stone. Refined candied jujube: like candied fruit, it is a sweet and fluid name. It is said in the book that "the honey of a hundred refinements is soaked in Danhan, the light and color are old and dark, and the spirit is radiant." Peach Blossom Water: It is said that this kind of stone, also known as Peach Blossom Piece, is immersed in the clear water on a porcelain plate, and the water will become a faint illusion of "peach blossoms chasing water all day long".It is not surprising if peach blossoms are used to describe stones, but adding the word "water" will make people blurred and rippling, and it will push people into the pink world of "peach blossoms on both sides of the strait and Gujin".There is also a similar light red stone called "Lang Rolling Peach Blossom", which sounds sad and loud, making people wonder what to do. Inkstone water jelly: This is an impure black, like the battle and lemon at the junction of day and night, and this haze is fixed by magic, congealed into a piece of fruit jelly, like the water between dark and light in the inkstone pool, You can write poems, dye ink, or keep it secret, leaving eternal silence. There are many good names for stones, such as "pigeon eye" (everything related to "eye" is probably quite exquisite and moving, such as "tiger eye" and "cat eye"), "peach halo", "moss washing water" " Sunset Red" and so on. Of course, in the world of stones, there are also those who do not "serve people with color", such as Taihu stones and Changshan stones, which win by shape and quality. Comparing the two, like beauties and celebrities, each has its own merits. In addition to jade, horses also have beautiful colors, Xiang Yu must have the most suitable black color for heroes, so "black" is indispensable, Guan Gong has "red" rabbits, Liu Che has sweat "blood", and "jade" matches "hua" monkey , "Zi" ji, all full of lust, as for the old Dan who rides a cow instead of a horse, his cow also has color, it is a green cow. In addition to horses, of course a hero must also have a sword. The sword is also "Purple Electricity" and "Blue Frost". Late Chinese novels are also full of gold and color, which is out of control. A few snacks in it immediately make people enter the color situation, such as: Uncover, there are top crust cakes, pine flower cakes, white sugar longevity cakes, and rose paint rolls. The section about Huilian hitting a swing is also well written: This Huilian doesn't need to be pushed by anyone, the swing flies up in the sky and clouds, and then suddenly flies down, it looks like a flying fairy, very cute.When Yueniang saw it, she said to Li Ping'er in Yulou, "Look at my wife, he can beat you." As she was speaking, a gust of wind blew up her skirt, revealing her red trousers and her dirty hair. Green gauze trouser legs, good five-color nano gauze knee pads, and silver-red thread belts.Yulou pointed and looked at Yueniang. Another passage about Pan Jinlian pretending to be a girl is also very interesting: But it is said that Jinlian went to the mirror stand in the evening, took off the bun, put on a hawthorn bun, painted her face white, and her lips were bright red. She wore two golden cage pendants, and stuck three Faced with flowers, wearing a purple gold hoop, I found a red woven gold jacket, a green blue satin skirt, dressed up as a girl, and coaxed everyone on the moon to play tricks.Call Li Ping'er to come and see him, and make Li Ping'er laugh so hard.Said: "Sister, you dress up like a girl. There is a red cloth towel in my room to cover your head. When I go to the back, I will tell them that his father has found another girl to scare them." , just believe it.” The section where I bought a handkerchief has an astonishing variety of colors: Jingji said: "There is a famous Wang family in the handkerchief alley outside the door. They specialize in selling all kinds of gold dot emerald handkerchiefs and sweat towels. You can have as many as you want. What color do you want? What kind of pattern do you sell? Tell me earlier. I'll bring them together for you tomorrow." Li Ping'er said: "I want an old Huang to sell gold and emerald greens to wear flowers and phoenixes." Jingji said: "Liu Niang, the old Jin Huang sells gold, so it doesn't show." Li Ping'er said: "Don't worry about me, I want a piece of silver red silk to sell Jiangya sea water to inlay eight treasures, and a piece of shiny sesame seeds to spend gold." Jingji said: "Wu Niang, you old man What kind of pattern do you want?" Gold chain: "I don't have any silver, as long as the two sides are hooked, I want a jade-colored silk lock to sell the gold." Jingji said: "You are not an old man, and the white thorns want him. What to do?" Jin Lian said: "What do you care about him? He can't wear it, I will wear it later!" Jingji said: "What color do you want for that side?" Jin Lian said: "For that side, I want Jiao Didi Di Zi The grape-colored Sichuan damask scarves are covered with gold and dotted with emerald brocade, and they are concentric knots. Inside a Fang Shenger, a couple is happy to meet each other. On both sides, there are tasseled pearls and eight treasures." Jingji heard this, and said, "Okay, nothing more, the melon seed seller opened the box and sneezed, a lot of trivial matters." After reading two paragraphs of descriptions, I couldn’t help but feel sorry for Pan Jinlian. She has a talent for acting and is very keen on the world of music and colors. She likes white and delicate grape purple. Poor this clever woman, there are too many things she can do in this world besides being Ximen Qing's fifth wife!It's just a pity that I was born in the wrong era! There is even more splendor here, in addition to the illusion of "a cave of thousands of reds" and "a cup of thousands of colors".Mr. Yihong has been inseparable from the image of Hong throughout his life. When he first met Daiyu, he was dressed as follows: Wearing a purple gold crown with hair inlaid on the head, Qi eyebrows with two dragons grabbing gold and wiping the forehead; wearing a two-color gold hundred butterfly wearing red arrow sleeves with flowers, tied with multicolored silk and knotted with long spikes, and the outer cover Shi Qing flowered eight groups of Japanese satin fringe gowns; wearing green satin powder-soled small court boots... Not long after, he changed into homely clothes and came out again: The crown belt has been changed, and the short hair that has been turned around on the head is all formed into small braids, and the red silk ends, and the hair is gathered to the top of the middle fetal hair. I always make a big braid, which is as black and bright; from the top to the tip, a string Four big beads, with gold and eight treasures falling on the feet; wearing a silver-red and half-old shirt and jacket sprinkled with flowers, still wearing "collars", "precious jade", "name locks", and "talismans"; Silk trousers, brocade-edged elastic ink socks, and thick-soled red shoes. Because Baoyu lived in an important place in elementary school, he couldn't help but have to dress him in colorful costumes all the time. Sometimes it was colorful peacock fur, and sometimes it was a "big red cotton gauze jacket with green silk underneath" for birthday parties. Ink trousers with trousers loose, a sweat towel tied, and a new jade-colored gauze pillow filled with rose and peony petals.” When he was sick, he also ordered imitation small lotus tea leaves and small lotus pods. , the picture is only the good color of the green lotus and bright green.The farewell scene is a raccoon cloak on the white land.Even a piece of underwear that is used to keep warm every day is the most vivid "mandarin ducks playing in the water" embroidered on the white silk and red lining. Different from Baoyu's scarlet cloak is the woman's pomegranate red skirt.The raccoon red is "animal in nature". It is said that the blood color of the raccoon raccoon must be used in the red dye to stabilize it.Pomegranate red is plant-based, and the two girls, Xiangling and Xiren, secretly changed the red dress of another friend in the lush garden, lest the one that was dirty because of playing crazy was discovered by everyone.The whole mood reads as leisurely and light like a plant. Wang Xifeng, who belongs to the same "rich and noble family" as Baoyu, is different as soon as she comes out: A group of daughters-in-law and maids came in from the back room with a beauty in their arms.This person is dressed differently from the girls, with colorful embroidery, like a fairy concubine, with a golden silk eight treasures and pearl bun on his head, and a pearl hairpin tied with the five views of the sun; Wearing a golden white butterfly wearing a narrow girdle jacket painted with big red clouds and flowers, a multicolored silk engraved stone green and silver mouse coat, and a sad green crepe skirt sprinkled with flowers. This kind of bright and strong ancient "strong woman" is only in charge of a small Jia family, which is really a waste. The interior design here is also top-notch, Tanchun, Miaoyu, Qin's, and Jiamu's, each with its own style and decoration. Jiamu accidentally talked about the window screen, which made people fascinated for a long time: That yarn is older than you!No wonder he thinks it's organdy, it looks a bit like it.Those who don't know it think it's organdy, and it's officially called "soft smoke"... That soft smoke has only four colors: one is rainy sky blue, the other is autumn fragrance, the same is pine green, and the other is silver red.If you make a curtain and paste the window drawer, it looks like smoke from a distance, so it is called soft smoke, and the silver-red one is also called "cloud shadow gauze". It is also a diary of "red" dust. When spring comes in the Grand View Garden, Yinger picks willow branches and weaves them into small blue baskets, and puts a few newly bloomed flowers in them... What a colorful performance. Compared with the coloring in novels, the color world in poetry is obviously denser and richer.The strange thing is that most of the authors are adhering to the Chinese preference for red and green, like Li He, who is best at arranging the adverbs in front of the two adjectives "red" and "green", like: Old red, falling red, cold red, quiet green, empty green, decadent green. It's really bold and fresh, and the words that were impossible to connect in his imagination have been connected by him, and they have become charming and reasonable. In addition, like Li Bai's "Sad Green in the Cold Mountains" ("Bodhisattva Man"), it is also used strangely. What kind of green in the world should be green to be sad green? The same is true for "a tree that is ruthless". It is hard to imagine how green it can be called ruthless green. Du Fu "favors Huiye and Duobi, and pays more attention to peach blossoms Shu Xiaohong" ("Jiang Yu You Huai Zheng Dianshe"), "Duobi" is also the most lively appearance of Chinese characters to "Xiaohong", right? In addition, Li Shangyin and Wen Feiqing are all lustful, even ordinary poets, as long as they come up with the couplets of "yellow leaf tree in the rain" and "white-headed man under the lamp", they are also charming. Among the poets, Xiaoshan Ci is extremely erotic. Mr. Zheng Yinbai has a special article to discuss it, such as: Green and tender, red and small, Zhuxian green wine, residual green and broken red, exposed red and smoky green, dull green and red, late green and cold red, gentleman's appearance does not grow red, and my temples have no heavy green. To tame the most exuberant and happiest color in nature into desolation is really a feat of good fortune. Qin Shaoyou's "The warbler's mouth pecks at the red flowers, and the swallow's tail is dotted with green crepes" also drove the colors into a group of obedient horses. Because of the troublesome warblers in the first sentence, a dotted line made of petals was formed from the tall branches vertically to the ground. The sentence is due to Yan's inadvertence, turning a pond into a big green record with thousands of frets.In addition, there is an unknown person's "thousands of green trees, and a garden of red clusters" is also dazzling. "Whether you know it or not, it should be green, fat, red, and thin." The color in Li Qingzhao's sentence has almost become a beauty, and can be seen in different degrees among farmers. Jiang Jie has a saying that "the cherries are red, and the plantains are green". The words red and green are not only verbs, but they are also progressive. amorous feelings. Xin Jiaxuan's "calling for the red scarf and green sleeves, and collecting the tears of heroes" is also charming in the desolation and helplessness of the heroic career.In fact, another kind of tragedy in the world should be the red scarf and green sleeves hanging down—because no real hero can be found, and the real hero may not be willing to show others with tears. Xiaoling, a native of the Yuan Dynasty, also always loves colors. Bai Pu has a saying: "White reeds on the yellow reed bank, white apples on the ferry, green poplars on the embankment and red Polygonum on the beach". ?Ma Zhiyuan also has a good sentence "Pick yellow flowers with dew, cook purple crabs with frost, and cook red leaves with wine". The world is so big, where is colorless, when is colorless, how can a nation know no color?But if you can treat color like a lover, know each other and don't bother to come up with so many unexpected words to describe it, besides Chinese, I'm afraid it will not be easy to find a second language, right?