Chapter 42 Wang Dao Shi Hua

"Theory of Human Rights" [2] begins with a parrot.It is said that in ancient times, there was a parrot that flew high and traveled far away. It happened to pass by its own mountain forest, and when it saw a big fire there, it dipped some water into the mountain with its wings and sprinkled it on the mountain; It said: "I have finally lived here, and now I have to do my best." (The incident comes from "Liyuan Shuying" [3], see the preface of Hu Shi [4] "Human Rights Essays".) Parrot Knowing how to put out fires, human rights can whitewash reactionary rule.This will not be unpaid.When Dr. Hu went to Changsha to give a speech, General He [5] gave Cheng Yi 5,000 yuan.The price is not small, this is "called" experimentalism [6].

However, how to save this fire was not fully understood during the "human rights theory" period (1929-30). After the retail price of 5,000 yuan was made, it was different.Recently (February 21 this year), "Zi Lin Xi Bao" [7] published Dr. Hu's talk saying: "Any government should have the right to protect itself and suppress those movements that endanger itself. Of course, political prisoners, like other criminals, should be protected by law and legally tried..." This is so much clearer!Isn't this talking about "government power"?Naturally, the doctor's mind is not simple, he can't just say: "One hand holds a sword, the other hand holds a classic!" Such as doctrine.He meant that the law should still be held.

Chinese literati always have this set of secrets, talking about the kingly way and benevolent government.You can see how humorous Master Meng is. He taught you to stay away from the place where pigs are slaughtered[8], so that you can eat meat in your mouth, but you still maintain a heart that cannot bear others, and you have the name of benevolence, righteousness and morality.Not only lied to others, but also lied to myself. It is really so-called peace of mind and endless benefits.The poem says: The head of the cultural class has a doctorate title, human rights have been abandoned to talk about royal power, and the imperial court has killed many people since ancient times. This principle is passed on by experiment.

The kingly way of human rights has been refurbished, and the sages have been played to thank the king for his kindness. Sir, he is familiar with the books of sages and sages. The origin of a gentleman is not alone. There is Mencius who has the same heart through the ages, and he also teaches meat to be far away from the kitchen. It can say that parrots are poisonous to snakes, and they boast about dripping water with little effort, so as to sell their shame to the Houmen. Throwing five thousand is not a luxury. March 5th. [1] This article was originally published on March 6, 1933 in "Shen Shen Free Talk", signed by Qian.

According to this article and the following "Redressing Wrongs", "Liberation of Songs", "Facing the Head", "The Secret of Selling Your Soul", "The Most Artistic Country", "Inner and Outer", "Through the Bottom", "Talents in the Grand View Garden", and Among them, "True and False Don Quixote", "Chinese Language and Chinese" and other twelve articles were all written by Qu Qiubai when he was in Shanghai in 1933, and some of them were based on Lu Xun's opinions or exchanges with Lu Xun. written after comments.Lu Xun made changes in the words and sentences of these articles (the titles of some articles were changed), and after asking someone to copy them, he sent them to newspapers such as "Shenbao·Free Talk" under his own pen name for publication, and later included them separately. collection of essays.

〔2〕 "Human Rights Theory" refers to "Human Rights Essays".This book mainly collects articles on human rights issues written by Hu Shi, Luo Longji, Liang Shiqiu, etc. in 1929, and was published by Shanghai Xinyue Bookstore in February 1930. 〔3〕 "Book Shadow of Liyuan" is "Book Shadow of Yinshu House".Written by Zhou Liyuan in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.The second volume of the book says: "In the past, there was a parrot flying to Jituo Mountain. Because of the fire in the mountain, the parrot saw it in the distance, soaked its feathers in the water, and flew and sprinkled it. The god said: 'Although you have aspirations, why are you so cloudy?' Confrontation:' Tasting overseas Chinese living in a mountain, I can't bear to hear my ears. 'Heaven's blessing is to put out the fire.' This is originally an Indian fable, which is often seen in Chinese translations of Buddhist scriptures.Zhou Liyuan (1612-1672), named Lianggong, was born in Xiangfu (now Kaifeng), Henan. [4] Hu Shi (1891-1962), styled Shizhi, was born in Jixi, Anhui.In 1927, he received a Ph.D. from Columbia University in the United States.He studied in the United States in his early years and returned to China in 1917 as a professor at Peking University. During the "May 4th" period, he was a right-wing representative of the New Culture Movement.Later, he successively turned to the Beiyang warlords and the Kuomintang reactionaries to serve the imperialist aggression.He fled to the United States in April 1949, and later died of illness in Taiwan.

[5] General He refers to He Jian (1887-1956), a native of Liling, Hunan, and a Kuomintang warlord.At that time, he was the chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government.In December 1932, Hu Shih He Jianzhi invited He Jianzhi to Changsha to give a lecture on "The Road We Should Take". [6] Experimentalism A subjective idealist faction of modern bourgeois philosophy, which believes that usefulness is truth and denies the objectivity of truth.The main representatives are American Dewey and so on.Hu Shi was a student and follower of Dewey.In 1919, Hu Shi continued to give speeches to promote experimentalism in Beijing.In 1921, he wrote the article "Mr. Dewey and China" to boast about it. In the article, he said that Dewey's philosophical method "is generally called 'experimentalism'".

[7] "North China Dairy News" ("North China Dairy News"), an English-language daily newspaper run by the British in Shanghai, was first published on July 1, 1864 and ceased publication on March 31, 1951. 〔8〕See "Mencius King Hui of Liang" far away from the place where pigs are slaughtered: "A gentleman is like a beast, seeing its life, can't bear to see it die; hearing its sound, can't bear to eat its meat, so a gentleman stays away The chef is also."