Chapter 10 After illness talk

one Being a little sick is indeed a blessing.However, there are two necessary conditions here: first, the illness must be a minor illness, not cholera, vomiting, black death, or meningitis; If one of these two is lacking, one is an ordinary person who is not capable of the elegant taste of talking about illness. I used to be nosy, and I knew many people, these characters, who had a big wish.Everyone has a big wish, but some people are so vague that they can't grasp it by themselves and can't say it.There are two most special ones among them: one wished that all the people in the world would die, leaving only himself, a beautiful girl, and a pancake seller; With the support of two servants, he went to the steps to see Qiu Haitang.This kind of ambition may seem bizarre at first glance, but it is actually very thoughtful.Leaving aside the first one, there is a lot of truth in the second one's "vomiting half a mouthful of blood".Talented people are often sick, but if they want to be "more", they can't be serious. If a person vomits a bowl or a few liters of blood, how many times can he vomit easily?After a few days, I can't live anymore.

I have never been sick very often, but last month I had a little.At first, I had fever every night, lack of energy, and didn't want to eat. I refused to get better for a week, so I had to see a doctor.The doctor said it was influenza.Well, it's the flu.But after the period when the influenza fever must subside, my fever did not subside.The doctor took out the glass tube from his big leather bag and wanted to take my blood. I knew he was suspecting that I had typhoid fever, and I was also a little worried.However, he told me the next day that there was not a single typhoid bacterium in the blood; so he paid attention to the lungs, which are normal, and the heart, which is the best.This seemed to be very difficult for him.I said, maybe it's fatigue; he didn't really object, just murmured, but the fever from fatigue should be lower. ...I have checked the whole body several times, and there is no fatal disease. It is clear that I will not cry, but it is just a fever every night, lack of energy, and I don't want to eat. Blessed.Because there is no need to write a will, and there is no great pain, but you can ignore serious books, regardless of money, and play with him for a few days. The name is nice, called "recovery".From that day on, I felt a bit "elegant" to myself; that gifted scholar who was willing to vomit half his blood was just lying around at that time and suddenly remembered.

It's not a problem just to think wildly, it's better to read some books that don't bother your mind, otherwise, it's not a "recovery".At times like this, I am in favor of Chinese paper thread-bound books, which is evidence of a bit of "elegance".Western-style books are easy to put on shelves and easy to store. Now not only are there twenty-five or six histories of western-style clothing, but even the "Four Parts" has hard collars and leather boots, (2)——It was not uncommon to see.But to read a dress book, you must be young and vigorous, sit upright, and have a serious attitude.If you lay down and look at it, it is like holding a big brick with both hands. After a while, your arms are sore and numb, so you have to sigh and put it down.So, after I sighed, I went to look for thread to bind the book.After a search, I found a lot of things like (3) that I haven't seen for a long time. I lay down and looked at them, and they seemed to be light and effortless.From this, I think of Ruan Sizong (4) who heard that the infantry chef was good at brewing wine, so he asked to be a captain of the infantry; Planted a little bit.This is really interesting, and it is by no means comparable to those who "stand in the clouds" (6).However, "elegance" should be enough to stop, and it will not work any more.For example, Ruan Sizong could ask to be a captain of the infantry, and Tao Yuanming made up for Peng Zeling. Their status is not like that of ordinary people. If they want "elegance", they still need status. "Plucking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, and seeing Nanshan leisurely" is a good sentence of Yuan Ming, but it is difficult for us to learn it in Shanghai.Without Nanshan, we can still change it to "leisurely seeing bungalows" or "leisurely seeing chimneys". However, if we want to rent a house with a little bamboo fence in the yard where we can grow chrysanthemums, the rent will be a total of 100 taels per month, water and electricity are not included; The patrol donation is 14% of the rent, 14 taels per month.For these two items alone, it is one hundred and fourteen taels per month, and every tael is calculated as one yuan and four corners, which is equal to one hundred and fifty-nine yuan.The recent manuscripts are not worth much, the lowest is only four or five cents per thousand words, because they are the manuscripts of an elegant man who learned from Tao Yuanming, and now he counts them as three yuan per thousand words, except for punctuation, foreign characters, and blanks.Then, just to pick chrysanthemums, he would have to translate 53,200 words a month.What about eating?He has to find another way to grow hair, otherwise, he will have no choice but to "drive me away, I don't know why". "Elegance" requires status and money. It is not the same in ancient and modern times, but it is naturally cheaper to buy elegance in ancient times than it is now; On the table, but the abacus is in the drawer, or better yet, in the stomach.

This is called "emptiness". two For the sake of "elegance", I didn't want to say these words.Later, I thought about it, this is not harmful to "elegance", but it is to prove my own "vulgarity".Wang Yifu (7) doesn't talk about money, he's still a dishonest person, and an elegant man makes plans, of course, it doesn't hurt his reputation as an elegant person.However, he should sometimes put away his abacus, or the best thing is to temporarily forget the abacus. Then, every word and smile at that time is a clever word and smile. Pie" (8).The key lies in the fact that one can let go suddenly, while the other is always persistent, so there is a big difference between refined and vulgar and superior and inferior.I think this is probably the same as the reason that sometimes "Dun Lun" (9) is a sage, and those who even think about women during the day are called "Deng Tuzi" (10).

So I'm afraid I have no choice but to admit the "vulgarity" to myself, because I flipped through it casually, and when I read (11), I should have gone from "sickness" to "sickness expenses", so I got up suddenly, Write a letter to discuss royalties and reminder fees.After finishing writing, I felt a little alienated from the Wei and Jin people, and thought to myself, if Ruan Sizong or Tao Yuanming appeared in front of me at this moment, we would definitely not be able to talk.So I changed a few other books, most of which were unofficial histories of the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, which are relatively recent and may seem more interesting.The first book I hold in my hand is "Shu Bi" (12).

This was brought to me by Shubin(13) from Chengdu, and there is also a "Shu Gui Jian"(14), both of which are books about Zhang Xianzhong's (15) misfortune to Shu. In fact, it is not only Sichuanese, but all Chinese Everyone should read the work, but unfortunately the engraving is too bad, and there are quite a lot of typos.I flipped through it, and saw this article in Juan 3 - "Again, the skinned person, from the head to the buttocks, splits a strand, spreads in front, like a bird spreading its wings, and the rate is over a day before it dies. If there is an immediate death, the execution People sit dead."

For the sake of my own illness, I thought of human anatomy.Medical skills and torture require knowledge of physiology and anatomy.China is very strange. The pictures of the five internal organs of the human body in the inherent medical books are so sloppy and wrong that it is shameful, but the methods of torture are often as if the ancients had already understood modern science.For example, everyone knows that from the Zhou Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, there was a kind of "castration" imposed on men, also called "corruption punishment", which was second to "Dabi".For women, it is called "clausulation", and few people have ever mentioned that method, but in short, it is definitely not to lock her up or sew it up.Recently, I seem to have discovered something about it. The method is vicious, appropriate, and anatomical, which really surprised me.But what about the medical books on gynecology?Almost do not understand the anatomical structure of the lower body of women, they only see the stomach as a big bag, filled with inexplicable things.

Just talking about the skinning method, there are many kinds in China.The one copied above is Zhang Xianzhong's style; there is also Sun Kewang's (16) style, which can be found in Qu Dajun's "An Long Yi Shi" (17), which was also found during his illness this time.It was the sixth year of Yongli, that is, the ninth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty. Emperor Yongli had already hid in Anlong (at that time changed to Anlong). Qin Wangsun Kewang killed Chen Bangchuan and his son. , no courtesies", the emperor hit the forty boards like the moon.But the matter was not over yet, and Zhang Yingke, the Sun's party, found out about it, so he reported it to Sun Kewang.

"It is hoped that Yingke will get a report, that is, he will kill Ruyue and peel his skin to show the public. He tied Ruyue to the gate of the court, and put a basket of lime and a bundle of straw in front of him. Ruyue asked, "How to use this?" Said, "It's your grass!" Ruyue scolded, "Blind slave! This plant is an article, and every festival is a loyal heart!" Then he should stand on the doorstep at the right corner of Keli, hold the decree of hope, and drink like a moon. Kneel like a moon. Chi said, "I am an official of the imperial court, how can I kneel to the thief's order!?" Then he stepped to the middle gate and bowed to the que again.... Yingke urged the servant to cut the spine and buttocks, and shouted like a moon: "Death is too late." Be happy, cool all over!' He called Kewang's name again, and cursed endlessly. When his hands and feet were broken, he turned his chest, and he still cursed softly. He died when his neck was cut off. Then he stained it with ashes, sewed it with thread, and finally Put it into the grass, move it to the Tongqu Pavilion at the north city gate, and hang it..."

Zhang Xianzhong's style is naturally "rogue" style; although Sun Kewang was also born as a thief, he was already the pillar of Baoming's rejection of the Qing Dynasty, and he was named the King of Qin. Mode.In the early Ming Dynasty, Emperor Yongle used this method to skin Jingqing (18), who was loyal to Emperor Jianwen.In the Ming Dynasty, it started with peeling and ended with peeling. It can be said that it has always remained the same; until now, in Shaoxing operas and on the lips of country people, you can occasionally hear the words "peeling and pulling grass", so the length of Huangze can also be imagined. And know.

It's no wonder that some kind-hearted people don't want to read unofficial history and listen to stories;There are all cruel facts, and it is best not to hear them, so as to preserve the soul, which is also the meaning of "so a gentleman stays away from the kitchen" (19).It cannot be said that it is not for no reason that the chic sketches of late Ming masters who died a little earlier are now popular.However, this kind of elegance with a bright heart requires a good situation. Li Ruyue "cuts her spine" on the ground, with her face facing down, which is a good posture for reading (20), but if you show him Yuan Zhonglang's "Guangzhuang" (21), I think he must not read it.At this time, his spirit was a little bit wrong, and he didn't understand true literature and art. However, Chinese scholar-bureaucrats are somewhat elegant. For example, Li Ruyue said that "a plant is an article, and every detail is loyalty", which is full of poetic interest.I don't know how many people wrote poems when they were dying.Until modern times, Tan Sitong (22) made a must-have "Thinking of Zhang Jian behind closed doors" before his execution, and Ms. Qiu Jin (23) also wrote "Autumn Rain and Autumn Wind Sorrow kills", but it was not elegant enough, so various poems They are not included in the selection, nor can they be sold for money. three In the Qing Dynasty, there was genocide and Ling Chi, but there was no punishment of skinning. This is what the Han people should be ashamed of, but the tyranny that became popular later was the literary prison.Although there are many complicated reasons for the literary inquisition, I cannot go into details here; we are still directly poisoned because he deleted and edited the words and sentences of many ancient works and banned many books of Ming and Qing Dynasties. "An Long Yi Shi" is probably also a banned book, and what I got is a new edition of Wu Xing Liu's Jiayetang (24).He engraved not only this kind of forbidden books in the former Qing Dynasty, but also Qu Dajun's "Wengshan Wenwai"; and Cai Xian's "Xian Yu Xian Xian Lu" (25), which was the author's "decision" and also affected his disciples. Yes, but I read it carefully, but I couldn't find any taboos.I am very grateful to this kind of book engraver, because he taught me a lot of knowledge—although from the eyes of elegant people, it is just some vulgar knowledge.But it is really difficult to go to Jiayetang to buy books.I still remember that one afternoon this spring, I finally found it on Aiwenyi Road. After knocking on two large iron gates a few times, a small square hole was opened in the door. One bodyguard each.The policeman asked me what I was here for.I say buy books.He said the accountant had gone out and no one was looking after him, so come back tomorrow.I told him that I live far away, maybe give me a while?He said, no!At the same time, the small square hole was blocked.Two days later, I went again, in the morning, thinking that the accountant might not be out at this time.But this time the answer was even more desperate. The inspector said: "The books are gone! They are sold out! They are not for sale anymore!" I didn't buy it again for the third time, because the answer was absolutely clear.All of the current ones are bought by friends. It seems that you must be an acquaintance or a bookstore you know well before you can buy them. At the end of each book, there is a postscript written by Mr. Liu Chengqian, the owner of Jiayetang. He sympathized with the elders of the Ming Dynasty and was quite dissatisfied with the cultural disasters in the early Qing Dynasty.But the strange thing is that his own articles are full of the tone of the former Qing Dynasty veterans; the book was engraved in the Republic of China, and the word "Yi" still lacks the last stroke (26).I think, if you look at the writings of the elders of the Ming Dynasty, the main purpose of rebelling against the Qing Dynasty is the entry of a foreign race into the Xia Dynasty, and the change of the dynasty is secondary.Therefore, to pay homage to the adherents of the late Ming Dynasty, one must accept his national ideology, and only then can the heart-to-heart bond be established.Now the old man of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, who is the enemy of the old man of the Ming Dynasty, calls himself the old man of the Ming Dynasty, but he also refers to the old man of the Ming Dynasty as the same tune, and only focuses on the word "old man" without asking what clan he left or when he left it. This can be said to be true. "Leaving the old for the sake of the old" and "art for the sake of art" in the current literary world have become an excellent pair. If you think that this is because of "eating the ancients and not changing them", that is not the case.Chinese scholar-bureaucrats, when they should be transformed, may not never be transformed.Just like the "Shu Gui Jian" mentioned above, it was originally a book that imitated "Spring and Autumn", but when it wrote "the first month of spring in the first year of Emperor Kangxi of the Holy Zuren Emperor", there was a "praise": "... Ming Dynasty The chaos is so serious! The wind is quiet, and the elegant is the end. "Zhao Yu", (27) entrusts the hidden worries of chaos and longing for governance without any real facts. Who would like to see it in person? Is it true that the minister is personally captured? It is compiled in the first year At the end of the first lunar month, it is not just that the body is positive (28), and it is scorned by Gazi; it is born in a prosperous age, and it is hard to be named, one is to send the kindness that will never be forgotten, and the other is to see the beginning of the karma of peace!" There is no such style of writing in "Spring and Autumn".The arrow of King Su of Manchuria not only killed Zhang Xianzhong(29), but also influenced many scholars, and changed the "Spring and Autumn Brushwork"(30). Four Reading these books while sick is, in the final analysis, still depressing.But I began to know that some smart scholar-bureaucrats will still find leisure from the pool of blood.For example, "Shu Bi" can always be said to be a miserable book, but at the back of the preface is engraved a comment from a Mr. Le Zhai: "Gu Mu has the meaning of the Wei and Jin Dynasties." This is really a great skill!That deadly calm broke my depression again. I put down the book, closed my eyes, lay down and thought about the method of learning this skill, thinking that it was very different from the method of "the gentleman stays away from the kitchen", because at this time the gentleman himself also kissed the kitchen.As a result of the meditation, two hands of Tai Chi were drawn up.One is to "fly away from the past" about the world, forget it at any time, do not understand it clearly, seem to be concerned about it, but not sincerely; Work hard and it will come naturally.The name of the first type is not very pleasant, but the second type is also the key to curing illness and prolonging life, even the ancient Confucians did not deny it.It's all avenues.There is another brisk way, which is: lying to each other, deceiving ourselves and others. Some things, in other words, are not quite appropriate, so the gentleman hates the "speaking of the truth" of the layman.In fact, "a gentleman stays away from the kitchen" is a way to deceive oneself and others: a gentleman must eat beef, but he is compassionate and cannot bear to see the dying cow, so he walks away, waits until the steak is cooked, and then slowly chews it.Steaks will never be "squeezed", and there will be no conflict with compassion, so he can feel at ease and enjoy the day, pick his teeth, touch his belly, "everything is prepared for me" (31).Lying to each other is definitely not a bad thing. Mr. Dongpo was in Huangzhou. When a visitor came, he wanted the visitor to talk about ghosts. . Telling a little lie can relieve boredom and anger; in the end, I forget the truth and believe the lie.So I feel at ease, and the sky is full of fun.Some literati and bureaucrats thought it was not good for Yongle to insist on being emperor.Especially for his loyal minister who killed Jianwen.Tie Xuan (33) was also killed with Jing Qing. Jing Qing peeled the skin, Tie Xuan fried it, and his two daughters were paid to Jiaofang, calling them whores.This made the scholar-officials even more uncomfortable, but some people said that later the two daughters presented poems to Yuan Wenguan, and after being known by Yongle, they were pardoned and married scholars. (34) This is really "the end of the song" (35), which makes people feel relieved, feeling that the emperor is wise after all, and good people are finally saved.Although she was an official prostitute, she was a talented woman who could write poems. Her father was also a loyal minister, and her husband was a scholar.However, it is necessary to stop here with "flickering images", and I can't think about it.When I think about it, I have to think of Yongle's Shangyu (36), some of which are cruel and obscene, and Zhang Xianzhong sacrificed to the Zitong God: "My father's surname is Zhang, and your surname is also Zhang. Let my father and you join the sect. Shangxiang!" Mingwen (37), compared with his, is really noble and elegant, and if it deserves to be published in a top Western magazine, then you will feel that Emperor Yongle is by no means like a wise emperor who loves talents and pities the weak.Besides, what kind of place was the Jiaofang at that time?The wives and daughters of sinners are not there waiting for clients. According to Yongle's law, they are required to "transfer camps". Turtles" and "sluts" come!Therefore, the "conservation of festivals" that has become a problem now was actually a special code that was only allowed to be patented by "good people".Under such a rule, in such a hell, can one be reborn by writing a poem? This time, from Hang Shijun's "Dingyue Leibian" (38) (continued volume 1), I now know exactly the deception of this good story.He said: "...the poem of Kao Tie's eldest daughter is written by Fan Changqi, a Wu native, in the "Title of Old Prostitutes". The poem says: "The Jiaofang's family is washed away, and a spring heart is against the fallen flowers. The old song sounds empty and hates, Returning to the hometown but homeless. The cloud girl is half-warmed to the blue mirror, and the rain and tears frequently play the wet crimson gauze. Ande Jiangzhou Sima is here, and the respect is the pipa.'Changqi, the word is Mingfeng; the poem sees Zhang Shixuan "Guo Chao Wen Zhuan". At the same time, Du Qiong Yong Jia also had a second rhyme poem. It is especially dishonest. Zong Zhengmu talked about the abolition of things, saying that the poems of Jianwen living in the southwest are all good things and fakes, so we can know the poems of Iron Girl. …” I have never seen "Guochao Wenbian" (39), and Hang Shijun has not found the root of the poems written by the second daughter of the Tie family, but I think his words are credible—even though he has ruined the word-of-mouth romance.Besides, one is that he is also a serious textual research scholar, and the other is that I think that any textual research with the result of killing the scenery is often closer to the truth than the superficially beautiful and interesting things. Who was the first to marry Fan Changqi's poems to the eldest daughter of the Tie family, and talk about self-deception?I do not know either.But at first glance, that's all for nothing, once Hang Shijun has figured it out, when he read it again, he clearly knew that it was indeed a work of chanting old prostitutes, and the first sentence didn't sound like the current official prostitute's tone.However, there are some scholar-bureaucrats in China who always like to create stories out of nothing, embellishing flowers and trees to create stories. They not only praise the prosperity, but also whitewash the darkness.The lies about the two daughters of the Tie family are as small as the ears, and even when Hu Yuan killed and plundered, and when the Qing dynasty was burning, some people would just come up with poems about the death of a strong woman and a difficult woman to write on the wall. According to legend, that step rhyme is more vigorous than the big event of Huawuqiuxu and the misery of the people.In the end, a collection was carved, and even we were included, and the love affair was over. When I was writing this, I was supposed to be cured of my illness, and there was no need to write a suicide note.But I would like to ask my acquaintances here by the way, after I die in the future, even if there is still a possibility of mourning in China, they must not hold a memorial service or publish any memorial book for me.Because this is just a living person's speech or a battle field for elegiac couplets. In order to create amazing words and stabilize the battle, some writers are simply not willing to talk nonsense.The result is at most nothing but a printed book. Even if someone reads it, it will be of no benefit to me, the dead, or the living or the reader. Even for the author, it is actually of no benefit. A well-made elegiac couplet is nothing more than a well-made elegiac couplet. . In my current opinion, I think that if you have spare money to buy the paper, ink and white cloth, you might as well choose a few unofficial histories or notes of Ming, Qing or modern people to print, which will be very beneficial to everyone.But be serious, put some effort into it, and make sure the punctuation is correct.December eleventh. CC (1) The first section of this article was originally published in the February 1935 issue of the fourth volume of the "Literature" monthly magazine. The other three sections were deleted by the Kuomintang censors. Please refer to the "Supplementary Notes" of this book. (2) "Twenty-five Histories" (the original "Twenty-Four Histories" plus "Xinyuan History") published by Shanghai Kaiming Bookstore, a total of nine hardcover volumes; "Twenty-six Histories" published by Shanghai Books and Newspapers Cooperative (The above-mentioned "Twenty-five Histories" plus "Drafts of Qing History"), a total of 20 hardcover volumes.In addition, the "Four Parts Beiyao" (three or six kinds of ancient books in Jing, Shi, Zi and Ji) published by Shanghai Zhonghua Book Company was originally bound for 2,500 volumes, and there is also a hardcover edition bound for 100 volumes. (3) Compiled by Liu Yiqing in the Song Dynasty of the Southern Dynasties, in three volumes.The content is to describe the speeches, style and anecdotes of ordinary scholars and celebrities from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. (4) Ruan Sizong (210-263) was born in Chen Liuwei's family (now in Henan) and was a poet of the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms. He was once a Zhonglang. "Book of Jin Ruan Ji Biography" contains: "I heard that the infantry cooks and camps are good at brewing, and there are three hundred hu of wine stored, so I want to be a captain of the infantry." : "(Nation) I heard that there is a shortage of infantry captains, there are plenty of good wine in the kitchen, and the campers are good at brewing wine, so I want to be a captain." "Shi Shuo Xin Yu · Ren's Birthday" also has such records. (5) Tao Yuanming (approximately 372-427), a Qian, with a bright character, was born in Chaisang, Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), a poet of the Jin Dynasty. "Book of Jin·Tao Qian Biography" contains: "Tao Qian... is the order of Peng Ze. In the county public land, he ordered the planting of scorpion valleys, saying: 'It is enough for me to be drunk with wine.' The wife insisted on planting scorpion, but it was fifty per hectare. One mu is planted with hay, and fifty mu is planted with hay.” According to "Song Shu·Yi Yi Zhuan" and "Southern History·Yi Yi Biography", "one hectare and fifty mu" are both referred to as "two hectares and fifty mu".The poems mentioned below, such as "picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence" and "hungry come and drive me away", can be found in Tao Qian's "Drinking Wine" and "Begging for Food" respectively. (6) "Standing in the clouds and shouting" was originally what Lin Yutang said in the 13th issue of the semi-monthly "Human World" (October 5, 1934) in the article "How to refine the vernacular into the essay" : "Today, no one can explain what the popular language is in one or two hundred words, and no one can write a model popular language of one or two hundred characters to give us an insight. Just cry out in the clouds, and it is suitable for the mystery of the public." . (7) Wang Yifu (256-311), named Yan, was born in Langya Linyi (now Shandong) in the Jin Dynasty. "Book of Jin Wang Rong Biography": "Yan Ji Guo (according to Wang Yan's wife Guo) is greedy and contemptible, so he never talked about money. Guo wanted to try it, so he ordered his maid to surround the bed with money, so he couldn't do it. Yan Chen saw money , Said the maid said: "Ju Aduwu but!" He also said: "Although Yan is the most important minister, he does not think about the country, but thinks about self-sufficiency. Said the king of the East China Sea, Yue said: "China is in chaos , When Lai Fangbo, it is advisable to have both civil and military capital to serve him.' His brother Cheng is Jingzhou, and his family brother Dun is Qingzhou. Because Cheng and Dun said: 'Jingzhou has the river and the Han, and Qingzhou has the negative sea. Dangerous, the two of you are away, and I stay here, enough to be three caves.' Those who know it despise it....Yan regards Taiwei as Taifu's army commander. And Yuexi, everyone recommended him as marshal....Russia raised the army It was broken by Shi Le, and he called the prince to meet him...Yan said that he would not hesitate to do things, and wanted to avoid himself, so he persuaded Le to be honored. Le said angrily: "The king's name covers the world, and he has important responsibilities. A young man will ascend to the court." , As for the white head, how can you say that you don’t care about the evil of the world! Destroying the world is the crime of the king.'... Make people line up the wall to kill them at night." (8) "Hangyu Hangyu School" see page 107 of this volume Note (33). (9) "Dun Lun" means sexual intercourse.In the Qing Dynasty, Yuan Mei said in "Answer to Yang Lihu Book": "Li Gang advocates the study of self-conceit and not bullying, and his diary says: I had a meeting with my old wife 'Dun Lun' last night. It is still a joke." Song Yu once wrote "Deng Tuzi's Lustful Fu" , and later called lustful people Dengtuzi.According to Song Yuwen, Dengtuzi was a doctor in Chu State, whose surname was Dengtu. (11) There will be a meeting on March 3rd, and poetry will be written, and those who fail to do so will be fined with three liters of wine.At the beginning of Long Long, he couldn't be punished. After drinking, he took a pen and wrote a sentence: "Long said: "Thousands of miles voted for the public, and then you got the barbarian mansion to join the army. '"(12) "Shu Bi" was written by Peng Zunsi in the Qing Dynasty. It has four volumes. The content is to describe Zhang Xianzhong's deeds in Sichuan. Based on what I heard about Zhang Xianzhong’s legacy and the records of others. (13) The pen name of Xu Qinwen, a guest of Shu. According to Lu Xun’s Diary on December 1, 1934: “Late Qin Wen came and gave a copy of “Shu Bi” Department two. " (14) "Shu Guijian" was written by Liu Jingbo in the Qing Dynasty, with a total of eight volumes.The content is a miscellaneous record of the relics of the Ming Dynasty, which is roughly similar to "Shu Bi". (15) Zhang Xianzhong (1606-1646) was born in Liushujian, Yan'an (today's Dingbian East, Shaanxi Province), and was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty.Chongzhen three years (1630) uprising, moved to Shaanxi, Henan and other places.In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), he entered Sichuan and established Daxi Kingdom in Chengdu.On the way out of Sichuan in the third year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1646), he was killed by Qing soldiers in the Yanting boundary of northern Sichuan.There are often exaggerated records about his murder in old history books. (16) Sun Kewang (?—1660) was born in Mizhi, Shaanxi, adopted son and general of Zhang Xianzhong.After Zhang Bai died, he led his troops from Sichuan to Guizhou and Yunnan.In the fifth year of Yongli (1651), he asked Emperor Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty to be crowned King of Qin, and then sent troops to send Emperor Yongli to Anlong House in Guizhou (renamed Anlong Mansion), while he himself was stationed in Guiyang, where he established a court and established an official system. ; Finally surrendered to the Qing Dynasty. (17) Qu Dajun (1630-1696), courtesy name Wengshan, was born in Panyu, Guangdong, and was a writer in the late Ming Dynasty. Before and after the Qing soldiers entered Guangzhou, he participated in anti-Qing activities.He is the author of "Wengshan Wenwai", "Wengshan Poetry", "Guangdong Xinyu" and so on. "The History of An Long Yi", one of the banned books in the Qing Dynasty, the author signed Cangzhou Yuyin (according to the "General Catalog of Banned Books", another book was signed by Xishang Qiaoyin), and was included in the "All Destroyed Books Approved by the Military Aircraft Department" .In 1916, Wuxing Liu's Jiayetang engraved "An Long Yi History", divided into two volumes, written by Qu Dajun; but the content is not the same as "Remnant Chronicles" (without authorship, and it is also one of the books authorized by the Military Aircraft Department to be completely destroyed) ) are the same, but the words and sentences are slightly different. (18) Jingqing was born in Zhenning (now Zhengning, Gansu Province), and was the official Yushi doctor of Emperor Jianwen (Zhu Yunba).According to "History of Ming Dynasty Jingqing Biography", when Chengzu (Zhu Di) came to the throne, he pretended to submit to him, and later tried to assassinate Chengzu and died.About his being skinned, see Gu Yingtai's "Ming History Chronicles Ben Mo Renwu Martyrdom": "August Wangri morning, Qing Fei clothes entered.... After the court, Qing went out of the imperial gate, Qing Fen leaped forward, and will commit crimes. Emperor Wen Urgently ordered to collect it from left to right, and got the sword. Qing Zhizhi failed, so he stood up and stood up and scolded. Picked his teeth, and scolded him, and straightened his royal robe with blood. He was ordered to peel his skin, cut it with straw, and use a weapon It's Chang'anmen." (19) See "Mencius King Hui of Liang" for the phrase "it is a gentleman who cooks far away from the kitchen". (20) The twenty-eighth issue of Good Postures for Reading (November 1, 1933) contained a group of paintings by Huang Jiayin entitled "Introducing Some Good Postures for Reading the Analects", a total of six pictures, of which One of them is the "Swimming Jiao Falling on the Ground Style", which depicts a person lying on the ground reading a book.The author gives irony here by the way. (21) Yuan Zhonglang (1568-1610), named Hongdao and courtesy name Zhonglang, was born in Huguang Gongan (now Hubei), a writer of the Ming Dynasty.He and his brother Zongdao, younger brother Zhongdao, opposed the imitation of antiquity in literature, and advocated "independently expressing the spirit and not sticking to the formula", known as the "Gan'an School" in the world.At that time, Lin Yutang, Zhou Zuoren, etc. advocated "Gan Gong" articles, using Ming people's sketches to promote the so-called "leisure" and "spirituality". "Guang Zhuang" is Yuan Zhonglang's imitation of the style of the work on Taoism, and seven articles were included in "The Complete Works of Yuan Zhonglang". (22) Tan Sitong (1865-1898) Fusheng, a native of Liuyang, Hunan, an important figure in the reform movement in the late Qing Dynasty, and one of the "Six Gentlemen" who died in the Reform Movement of 1898. "Thinking of Zhang Jian behind closed doors", the original "Thinking of Zhang Jian at Wangmen Detention" is the first sentence of Qijue "Inscription on the Wall in Prison" written before his murder.Zhang Jian, born in Gaoping, Shanyang (now Zou County, Shandong) in the later Han Dynasty, was the postal supervisor of the east when Emperor Ling was in charge. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Biography of Danggu" contains: His enemies "sent a letter to Jian and 24 people from the same county as the party, so they published articles to arrest them. Jian was desperate, fled in poverty, and looked for shelter. Break the family and be compatible." ("Closing the door and surrendering to the jurisdiction" is a story of Chen Zun's hospitality in the Han Dynasty, see "Hanshu Biography of Youxia".) (23) Qiu Jin (1879?-1907) named Xuanqing, nicknamed Jingxiong, donated to Jianhu female hero, born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, one of the main figures of the anti-Qing revolutionary group Restoration Association.In July 1907, she was arrested by the Qing government for planning an uprising, and was murdered at Xuantingkou in Shaoxing City on the 15th (the sixth day of the sixth lunar month).Chen Qubing described Qiu Jin's trial in "The Legend of Jianhu Heroine Qiu Jin" and said: "Those who have seen it say that there is nothing to confess from the beginning to the end, except for the sentence 'Autumn Rain and Autumn Wind Sorrowful Murder' in the criminal court." (24) Wuxing Liu Family Jiayetang, a famous private library in my country, is located in Nanxun Town, Wuxing, Zhejiang Province. It has a collection of 600,000 volumes. It has engraved and printed books by itself, engraved with "Jiayetang Series" and "Qiushu Zhai Series". Wait.The founder, Liu Chengqian (1882-1963), courtesy name Zhenyi and nickname Hanyi, was born in Wuxing, Zhejiang. (25) Cai Xian (approximately 1697-1767), courtesy name Lifu, was born in Huating, Jiangsu (now Songjiang, Shanghai). The second series of "Qing Dynasty Literary Prison Archives" includes "Cai Xian's "Xian Yu Xian Xian Lu" case", which happened in the thirty-second year of Qianlong (1767). He was seventy-one years old, and he called himself Xianyu. His book "Xianxianlu" contains slanderous and rebellious meanings.The later result was that Cai Xian was "beheaded", his son was "beheaded and executed after the autumn", and the disciples were "zhangliu" and "sent to Yili and other places to serve as drudgery". "Xian Yu Xian Xian Lu", nine volumes, is a miscellaneous record of court codes, current events, and poems. The engraved edition of Liu's Jiayetang was published in 1915. (26) Missing the last stroke is a taboo method from the Tang Dynasty, that is, when writing or engraving the name of the emperor or elder of the dynasty, the last stroke is omitted.Liu Chengqian lacked the final stroke of the word "Yi", which was a taboo to avoid Puyi, the abolished emperor of the Qing Dynasty. (27) The end of the wind is quiet, and the end of elegance is divided into four categories: "Guofeng", "Xiaoya", "Daya" and "Ode". "Bin" is listed at the end of "Guofeng", a total of seven articles.According to the "Preface to Poetry", these are all poems about Zhou Gong's "accident", "rescue from chaos", and "Eastern Expedition". "Zhaohuang" is the last chapter of "Daya". According to the "Preface to Poems": "In "Zhaohuang", Fanbo (Dr. Zhou) stabbed King You and killed him." (28) Body element means "body element", see "Spring and Autumn" in the first year of the Yin Dynasty: "Yuannian, spring, Wang Zhengyue." Jin Dynasty Du Yu's note: "When a mortal king ascends the throne, he wants his body to be in the right place, so Not to mention one year and one month." According to Kong Yingdashu of the Tang Dynasty: "Yuan Zhengshi is the meaning of the beginning, but it is widely used because of the name. Yuan: the foundation of qi, the growth of goodness; the ruler holds the great foundation, The common people want it to be in the same body as the Yuan, so the year is called the first year." "Show Zheng", see "Book of Books · Zhong Hui Zhigao": "Shows the ten thousand nations." Kong Anguo's note in the Han Dynasty: "The instrument is the world, the law is correct. IWC." (29) Regarding the death of Zhang Xianzhong, there are different opinions in history books.According to "History of the Ming Dynasty Zhang Xianzhong Biography", in the third year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1646), Hauge, the Prince of Qingsu, marched into Sichuan. In Hanzhong,...to the border of Yanting, there was heavy fog. Xian Zhong Xiao Xing, suddenly met our soldiers on Fenghuangpo, hit the arrow and fell off the horse, and Pu Fu accumulated wages. So our soldiers captured Xian Zhong and killed him." But "History of Ming Dynasty" Chronicles of the Moment of Zhang Xianzhong's Rebellion" said that he "died in the middle of Shu due to illness". (30) "Spring and Autumn Brushwork" "Spring and Autumn" is the chronicle of Lu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it is said that it was compiled by Confucius.Confucian scholars in the past believed that every word used in it implied "praise" and "derogation", which was called "Spring and Autumn Brushwork". (31) "Everything is prepared for me," Meng Ke said.See "Mencius · Dedicated" for the language. (32) Dongpo Su Shi (1037-1101), styled Zizhan, nicknamed Dongpo Jushi, was born in Meishan (now Sichuan), a writer of the Song Dynasty.In the early years of Shenzong, he was demoted to Huangzhou for opposing Wang Anshi's new law.He asked guests to talk about ghosts, and saw the first volume of "Stone Forest Summer Vacation Records" by Ye Mengde in the Song Dynasty: "Zizhan is in Huangzhou and Lingbiao. Whenever he gets up, if he doesn't invite guests to talk to him, he will come out to visit. There is no choice for those who choose, each of them is superior or inferior, and they talk about harmony and debauchery, and they will no longer be in a border. If there are those who can't talk, they will force them to talk about ghosts, or if there is nothing, they will say, "I'm talking nonsense", so I heard All of them fell down, and all went away happily." (３３)铁铉（１３６６—１４０２）字鼎石，河南邓州（今邓县）人。明建文帝时任山东参政，燕王朱棣（即后来的永乐帝）起兵夺位，他在济南屡破燕王兵，升兵部尚书。燕王登位后被处死。据谷应泰《明史纪事本末·壬午殉难》载：“铁铉被执至京陛见，背立庭中，正言不屈，令一顾不可得。割其耳鼻，竟不肯顾……遂寸磔之，至死，犹喃喃骂不绝。文皇（永乐）乃令舁大镬至，纳油数斛，熬之，投铉尸，顷刻成煤炭。” (３４)关于铁铉两个女儿入教坊的事，据明代王鏊的《震泽纪闻》载：“铉有二女，入教坊数月，终不受辱。有铉同官至，二女为诗以献。文皇曰：'彼终不屈乎？'乃赦出之，皆适士人。”教坊，唐代开始设立的掌管教练女乐的机构。后来封建统治者常把罪犯的妻女罚入教坊，实际上是一种官妓。 (３５)“曲终奏雅”语见《汉书·司马相如传》：“扬雄以为靡丽之赋劝百而讽一，犹骋郑卫之声，曲终而奏雅，不已戏乎？”(３６)永乐的上谕参看本书《病后杂谈之余》第一节。(３７)张献忠祭梓潼神文见于《蜀碧》卷三和《蜀龟鉴》卷三，原文如下：“咱老子姓张，你也姓张，为甚吓咱老子？咱与你联了宗罢。尚享。”（两书中个别字稍有不同）梓潼神，据《明史·礼志四》，梓潼帝君姓张名亚子，晋时人。 (３８)杭世骏（１６９６—１７７３）字大宗，浙江仁和（今余杭）人，清代考据家。乾隆时官御史。著有《订讹类编》、《道古堂诗文集》等。《订讹类编》，六卷，又《续补》二卷，是一部考订古籍真伪异同的书。下面的引文是杭世骏照录钱谦益《列朝诗集》闰集卷四中的话。据《列朝诗集》：“其论”作“其语”，“好事”作“好事者”。(３９)《国朝文纂》明代诗文的汇编。据《明史·艺文志》“集类”三“总集类”载：“王栋《国朝文纂》四十卷”，又“张士瀹《明文纂》五十卷”。