Chapter 14 Eileen Chang and the Leftists

Some people say that Eileen Chang's articles are not revolutionary, and Eileen Chang's articles are not as revolutionary as they know.The revolution is to make the proletariat belong to people's life, the petty bourgeoisie and peasants belong to people's life, and the bourgeoisie belong to people's life, not the proletariat.Mankind judges the proletariat, not the proletariat judges mankind. Therefore, Eileen Chang's articles are not proletarian. A revolution must pass through politics to transform the economic system.Institutions permeate all aspects of ordinary people's daily life, and reach the deepest place.The system is corrupt, and people understand the intolerability of the system from the unbearable life.The unbearable life is not only the inability to live, but also the boredom of being able to live, feeling that life has no point.Only in this way can Zhang Ailing's poem:

I was not in his past; twists and turns, deep garden, In the empty room basking in the sun, Has become the ancient sun. I'm going to keep running, shouted, "Here I am! I am here! " At this time, people want to rediscover themselves and the world, and it is the suction of this human ocean that is full of wind and thunder, and the revolution that comes out of this is what ordinary people care about.Revolutions have operations in the basement, and when they unfold there are headquarters and commandos, but it is the strength of the entire army that determines the competition.Zhang Ailing's article is more complete without mentioning the revolutionary headquarters and commandos.

Also, people make revolutions for what they love, to cleanse it and make it better and more reliable. If you don't know what is beautiful in real life, you also don't know where it is dirty and damaged. If such a person wants to revolution, naturally he has to let them do it, but there is no need to learn from them.They don't have the youth of life, so they don't have softness and worship hardness.They also worship force, which is physical force, not vitality, because their lines seem to have no vitality, so they always like to draw thicker, thicker, thicker lines.Once a few people looked at a painting by Qi Baishi, but it didn't seem real, but the owner praised it, saying how bold the painting was.Chi Yong Duji said: "This is not boldness, it's just physical strength." Their thick lines are actually just this kind of physical strength.

Marxists have only discovered the background of art so far, but they do not understand art and itself.They regard art as the reflection of things, the seal of the times, but the seals can't add anything to the times, and things don't have mirrors, and they don't detract from their integrity.Only in a society of private ownership, there is no ownerless thing, and the existence of things can only be imagined from the seal indicating ownership, and the seal itself is gradually regarded as a kind of existence. At the end of capitalism, human existence becomes passive. People do not create things, but people reflect things. To say that art is a reflection and a seal is just a plagiarism of this illusion.If you don't understand art itself, you won't even be able to explain the background of art.They say that art is contaminated by class, of course it is, but it is only contaminated. Art is rooted in human beings. In a society with classes, its background is human beings who have passed through classes, but they only say that it is class.They also copied the church's view of art as decoration, and the bourgeois' view of art as propaganda, saying that art is just a tool of the proletariat.

What is art? It is life that surpasses itself, era that surpasses itself, and the sublimation of things in the human world. This surpasses itself to the extent that the balance is destroyed, which is revolution.Only by understanding this can we know how to be humble before Eileen Chang. Zhang Ailing's "The Trumpet of the Night Camp", in the desolation and horror of this era, runs to a familiar tune, with a simple heart full of joy and sympathy, and there is a kind of sadness that overwhelms the heart.But the times are heavy after all, "Go, Go Upstairs!" " is such a tragicomedy.Ordinary people are not heroes, and there is no clear boundary between tragedy and comedy in their lives. If they are not so cheap, they will reach the peak of their emotions.

I read a Chinese poem once: "The swallows in front of Pianpiantang come to see you in spring and summer. Two or three brothers are wandering in other counties. The old clothes will be mended, and the new clothes will be splintered. Fortunately, the virtuous master took it for me. Husband The son-in-law came from the door, leaning against the northwest corner. Yuqing, don’t hide it, the water is clear and the stone will see it by itself. The stone sees He Leilei, it’s better to go back than to travel far.” After reading "Yuqing, don’t hide it," Zhang Ailing smiled and said, "Ah How can it be possible? Poetry can be so funny! How come later people wrote poems, good poems are always more sad, and when they are funny, they become doggerel. "

Also read Jinren's "Midnight Song": "Where does joy come from, but there is a sense of worry. If you don't answer a thousand calls, what is better than pines and cypresses!" Eileen Chang said: "The word "duanran" is really good. He is just a A little bit of unhappiness is probably not about worrying about the country and the people, but in her view, there is still a kind of solemn beauty. It can be seen that she really loves him, just like the girl in the Indian dance proudly telling people : What does her lover look like when he laughs, and what does he look like when he is angry. She also becomes sad, and follows behind to ask questions, but it is not so serious that she doesn't mean to make fun of it."

Zhang Ailing's "Confucius and Mencius", just a few hundred words, was published in the fourth issue of "Little World", and said that there was a piece of rags outside the kitchen window, like a little man, who was often arched in the wind and rain Bowing, as if there is a belly full of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, kingly and domineering to tell people, the more you look at it, the more you look like Mencius.This article was wrongly connected to another article, so I put it together and read it, and I thought it was very good.It's deeply emotional, yet homely.

This time I was in Nanjing, and I went to the museum to see the stone carvings of the Six Dynasties. There was a piece of two standing Buddhas, with shirtless upper body, fat and thick like children, and two dogs squatting below, also fat and thick, which was very interesting.It is clearly the thing in front of your eyes, and it can be a god and a supernatural being at the same time.I also saw lacquerware from the Qianlong Dynasty, and a red powder box for women, with double dragons carved on the cover.A large animal like a dragon should not be suitable for use here, but it is very suitable.Only ordinary people can embroider the dinosaurs of the era into the patterns of women's shoe toes, regard the giants of the era as children who can kiss him on the cheek, and regard revolutions as commonplace.

Cui Chengxi came to dance in Shanghai. The "Invincible General" looked like the official I had seen, putting on airs, but the audience was not afraid of him, nor did they hate him.The attitude of the audience must be so naive, because the dance is so good that it lifts the audience to such a high level. "Hwarang" depicts You Yelang, which is also ironic, but only a little harsh. For the sake of youth, everything about him is forgiven by the audience.There is also a hunchback with an inferiority complex. A girl deliberately teases him, dances with him once, and then runs away, leaving him alone. The audience feels uncomfortable, but they still laugh.Eileen Chang watched it and said, "Satiry is so well-intentioned, and tragedy can make people laugh. Ordinary funny satire has never been so sympathetic. Chaplin's films are great, but I still I hate the affectation of a wanderer in it, which is close to the Chinese celebrity school. It is still not as good as Choi Seung Hee's dance. After all, it is the most basic thing of our East."

Art is such that it makes the world kind, sure.Because it is stable, it can be unrestrained.It doesn't have the bleak breakup of being homeless when you are bold and unrestrained.I saw a human figure at a friend’s house, made of clay sculpture, it is an antique Japanese work, imitated by a woman from the Tang Dynasty, with two buns on the forehead, not too high, and the forehead is not covered, and the hair on the back is divided into two. She wears a deep pink wide-sleeved single shirt embroidered with golden flowers, a long flowery yellow skirt underneath, from the chest to the feet, and a dark blue belt around the waist.She held a copper-green bottle in her right hand, which seemed to be used for storing water and rice. Her left hand went around and pressed on the edge of the bottle, her body tilted slightly.The face is like a young woman, but also like a girl, innocent and bright.The whole posture is graceful and unrestrained, one can imagine her walking in front of the painting hall, one can imagine her as a wandering girl in the spring field, or one can imagine her operating.It is so bold and unconstrained, flowing freely.Here I think of what Zhang Ailing said in her article: Sleeping with the curtains open at night, the room is full of sunshine when I wake up, and there is the sound of lively trams outside.No matter what happens on this day, the start of the day is already lovely. The civilization of the new era is urban, and it wants to illuminate the countryside with the light of the city.Eileen Chang, she is thoroughly urban.She walked along Daxi Road in the spring morning and saw the willows and phoenix trees beside the road. She liked it very much and said, "These trees are planted in front of the shop and at the entrance of the Italian restaurant. They are all artificial things. It is very kind to watch them sprout and take leaves. "And said: "No matter what kind of shortcomings modern civilization has, I still like it from the bottom of my heart, because it is our own thing." She likes apartment life, because there is no precipitation of sadness in the apartment. She worked hard and never took advantage of others, and no one would try to take advantage of her. If she wanted to make her suffer in terms of manuscript fees, no amount of noble words could impress her.There is worldly cleanliness in her life.When I was in Hong Kong, a bum on the road robbed her of her purse. He snatched it for a long time, but it still didn't go away.Once in Shanghai, the bum snatched the dim sum in her hand, even snatched half of the paper package, but she still held the other half tightly and took it back.She would not be generous to anyone, or soft-hearted, or frightened to back down.The morality of modern people is based on taking advantage of advantages, and various personal styles of different identities are born from this.Zhang Ailing didn't have any such taboos, she definitely wanted what she wanted, and she definitely didn't want what she didn't want, and she was always confident. The relationship between people should be the unfolding of people, but now it is the relationship between people that overwhelms people. It must be discovered by someone before the relationship between people can be refreshed, and the so-called "individualism" and "groupism" can be used.However, leftist theorists only talk about advocating groupism and describing the masses.In fact, if you want to describe the masses, you should understand that the masses are ordinary people. They are vast and profound, and it is not their true nature to go to the peak of emotion as soon as they come.They are living in the political and economic system of a certain era, but they have cooked it, and it is not the raw material for eating.It is their everyday life feelings that enable them to survive in the face of destruction.The collapse of capitalism, the endless world war and the boundless chaos that is coming, for ordinary people, this is a big nightmare, confused, unclear, and the leftists are just learning. She, Chen She sent people to bonfire beside the Cong Temple at night to sing a fox: "Great Chu Xing, King Chen She!" It frightened the peasants, and their literature and art is this kind of fox cry.They use Russian myths, American movie stories, and Shandong people's cutting edge to form the style of their works.As the Marxists themselves said: Every style is class narrow, and the narrower it is, the more fixed the style becomes. Leftists have deep habits, because their lives are full of taboos; although they emphasize the stubbornness of the peasants and the hysteria and nihilism of the citizens, and roar, it is also the disintegration of the times, not the rebirth. Published in the monthly magazine "Tiandi" in Shanghai in June of the 34th year of the Republic of China