Chapter 91 Li Longmian's "Sages and Sages" Stone Carving

Li Longmian's "Sages and Sages" Stone Carving The Confucian Temple in Hangzhou has always kept a well-known set of stone carvings, which are said to be based on Li Long Mian's sketch Le Shi's "Picture of Sages".It is a portrait of Confucius and his seventy-two disciples. Li Longmian is famous for his line drawings. His "Nine Songs of Li Sao" and "Arhat Picture" handed down from generation to generation, They are all sketches.Although it may not be his real pen, at least there should be some basis.This series of "Holy The same is true of "Xian Tu".A total of 73 people were drawn including Confucius, except for Confucius who was sitting

Except for Dun, the other seventy-two disciples are all standing facing the master; there is no other background at all, using the The composition of the long scroll achieves the effect that each character can be clearly highlighted. Regarding the portraits of Confucius and his disciples, there are older ones carved on the stone portraits of Wuliang Temple in the Han Dynasty, and also There are seventy-two people engraved, but they are all profile, similar to silhouettes, focusing on decorative effects, not formal style portrait.In addition, there are few wonderful woodcut prints such as "Images of Sages and Sages",

Some are obviously influenced by Li Yongmian's "Sages and Sages".These seventy-three portraits, It was engraved on fifteen stones respectively in the twenty-sixth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1156). engraved.Because it was in the Southern Song Dynasty, there is an inscription of Qin Hui on the back of the portrait; it was not until the Ming Dynasty. was eradicated.Regarding the history of this series of stone carvings of sages, Wu Na, a man of the Ming Dynasty, added behind the portraits The inscription is very clear.He sorted out the stone carvings from the chaotic rocks and weeds by hand, and the original

Qin Hui's inscriptions that came later were also eradicated by him, so his inscriptions have a significant impact on the history of this batch of stone carvings. Very important relationship.He said: "You Xuansheng and his seventy-two disciples praised it, and Song Gaozong made and wrote it, and his portrait was made by Li Longmian. Painting also.Emperor Gaozong crossed the south, built the Xinggong Palace in Hangzhou, and in the first month of the 14th year of Shaoxing, Yue Fei was the first emperor. Learning, in March, fortunately, first made the first sage praise, and then from Yan Yuan, also wrote speeches to express the meaning of praise.

In December of the twenty-sixth year, the stone was engraved in the school, and the Taishi Shangshu Zuo Pushetong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhang was attached. It is also the record of Qin Hui, the history of the Privy Council.There is a saying in Hinoki that Confucius taught Confucianism and Taoism, and all his disciples were innocent. Those who violate Confucianism and Taoism.The practice of today's gentry may not be purely Confucianism, but rather the theory of stealing power and deceitful Luckily.Its meaning is for those who restored the speech at that time.Woohoo, the disaster of Jingkang, the dust of the two emperors,

Biandu fell, and at that time, the courtiers were just trying to recover, but Hinoki advocated peace and rebuked him. Conspiracy refers to the theory that the words of loyalty and righteousness for a while are deceitful and deceitful. The ancient Confucian Zhu Xi said that he advocated heresy to Mistaking the country, taking the power of the captives to take over the king, the crime is as high as the sky, and ten thousand deaths are not enough to redeem.old turtle Mr. Shan Yang sometimes suggested that Wang Anshi Confucian Temple should be shared, and those who know it will appreciate it.I am a scholar, fortunately

Ji Shengming, prepared for the discipline of the staff, hereby learned to view stone carvings in Renhe County, and the records of juniper are still as good as the pictures. Cun, because of life, his writings were rubbed out, and he made evil words, and the name of treachery should not be used in the images of sages. after.However, the thought has been passed down for a long time, and I would like to use it as a preparation, so that those who read it later can have a test.Xuande two years At the age of Ding Weiqiu, on the first day of July, he patrolled Zhejiang and supervised the censor Haiyu Wu Nazhi. "

There are 15 stone carvings carved with portraits of 73 people. Each piece is equal in size and 1.3 inches long. Five centimeters in length and 43.5 centimeters in height, but the number of characters carved varies.The last piece because there is In Qin Hui's inscription, only one person was engraved.The first block has a few prefaces from Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty, so only the hole is engraved. Zi, Yan Hui, and Min Ziqian are engraved with five or six figures on the remaining pieces. A few years ago, the People's Fine Arts Publishing House had photocopied and published this batch of stone carvings, with Huang Yongquan in front of the book

A preface to the Stone Carvings, which introduces the past history and current situation of stone carvings in great detail. These fifteen stone carvings have gone through vicissitudes of life, and now only fourteen of them remain. Ten dollars have been lost.Of the remaining fourteen pieces, eight pieces were still intact, while others were broken in two, In some cases only a fragment remains. However, the rubbings used by the People's Fine Arts Publishing House for photocopying this time are old rubbings, seventy-three people The portrait is complete.Qin Hui's inscription on the back has been worn away, and Wu Na's new inscription has been engraved, but

It is known that this rubbing is after Ming Xuande.If there is an unfinished rubbing copy of Qin Hui's inscription, it will definitely be updated. whole. Since this was painted on the stone according to the drawing, it was not specially painted for stone carving, so the folds of the figures The lines are very soft, retaining the characteristics of Li Longmian's line drawing, unlike the figures on the stone portraits of the Han Dynasty. So strong and powerful.This is because the drafts of the stone carvings of Han portraits were specially made for stone carvings. Therefore, stone is used to express the characteristics of the composition. "Picture of Sages and Sages" was carved based on ordinary drawings.

Therefore, we must try our best to preserve the characteristics of the line drawing method. Since the Tang Dynasty, the trend of stone carvings has been like this: it is only the reproduction of paintings, no longer like the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Like the stone carvings of the dynasty.They are an art in their own right, not reproductions of other people's paintings. Taking the portraits of Confucius in "Sages and Sages" as an example, the portraits of Confucius painted by Li Longmian are very unique. and has a kind of honest and benevolent personality, unlike the common ones that are said to have been written by Wu Daozi The "Portrait of Master's Teaching" is so old and serious.This sitting statue of Confucius looks a bit like the Dunhuang wall. The Layman Vimo on the "Vimo Asking about Diseases" in the painting. The portraits of the seventy-two disciples were obviously drawn with reference to their deeds.Yizilu For example, the other disciples are all in togas with long sleeves, while Zilu has a short mustache like a halberd, with high sleeves. The scroll, showing his arms in a sword-drawing posture, is a bit like Leonardo da Vinci's "Last Supper" mural Painted portrait of Peter.Because these two disciples are also warriors. This series of stone carvings of "Sages and Sages", whether it is Li Longmian's work or not, is worthy of precious of.