Chapter 18 Chapter 17: A solitary lotus draws green, and the two shadows share dividends.

The weather this year has always been weird.The rain comes when it is said, never brewing and foreshadowing.And, always come violently.Immediately afterwards, without a transition, it was a sunny day, the temperature skyrocketed, and the heat was unbearable.Weather forecasters call this extreme weather.It seems that the thunder gods in the sky have almost become extremist terrorists. On June 1st, when I went out at noon, I still thought about whether to wear a pair of rainproof shoes and a rainproof jacket. I didn’t want to walk on the street at three or four o’clock, and the cloudy sky disappeared instantly, and the sun was shining.The weather forecast for the next day is a sunny day, and the next day, the violent rain will return again.I just want to take advantage of the clear tomorrow to see the lotus.When the rain is pouring, I am a little worried, how the enchanting lotus can withstand such whipping like a whip and rain.No matter how many times the old man goes to extremes, this year's lotus will not be able to be seen.

So, decided to see the lotus the next day. There are no large stretches of quiet water in the urban area of ​​Chengdu. Where can I go to see the lotus?First think of the moonlight in the lotus pond in the eastern suburbs.A few years ago, the construction of a new village named after the moonlight in the lotus pond had just been completed, and the local government invited several people to visit it.They wanted to recruit some painters and musicians to live by the lake, but I, who was typing on the keyboard all day, were included in the list by mistake.I asked my friends, I was laughed at, and said, why don’t you go to Guihu Lake to see the lotus?I suddenly realized, Guihu, yes, Guihu!There is also Guihu Lake of Yang Sheng'an Temple inside!

It has been so long since I wrote the Phenological Records of Chengdu, but I couldn’t find a place related to literati from Chengdu, but I just forgot about the Osmanthus Lake, which is full of sweet-scented osmanthus and lotus flowers!Today's Chengdu is no longer the Chengdu that was surrounded by the nine-mile three-point city wall, nor is it the Chengdu that broke the city wall and was surrounded by the first ring, the second ring and the third ring road, but a city that is experimenting with urban-rural integration and includes several districts and counties. Great Chengdu!Xindu County, which used to be located in the northern suburbs of Chengdu, is now the Xindu District of Chengdu City!

On this day, I am happy that the sky is clear and the air is clear, and the traffic is smooth.In less than an hour, the car stopped in front of Guihu Park.Buy a ticket for 30 yuan and enter the door, the wall and tall trees like camphor blocked the sound of the city, and a cool air with the fragrance of lotus leaves rushed to the face.Through the weeping willow and sweet-scented osmanthus trees, we came to the lake.The lotus leaves cover the water densely.They overlap, staggered, illuminated by the sun: bright, clean, fragrant.In this increasingly polluted world, wake up those beautiful words in your mind.Those sentences in Yuefu poems and Song Ci suddenly awakened in my heart and uttered aloud.Feel the joy of peace overflowing the heart.Slowly look at the pink flowers among the beautiful lotus leaves by the water.See them held high by their long green stems, illuminated by the clean sunshine after the rain.Maybe it came earlier, but most of the lotus leaves are still full of buds: the color and shape are like fairy peaches in mythology.And for those in full bloom, on the petals, the sun and the water reflect each other, and the pink color is more enchanting and blurred.The so-called "the lotus flower is differently red in the reflection of the sun" in the ancient poems must have described this kind of scene.The sunlight not only directly shines through the red flowers, but also projects on the lotus leaves like giant palms, and falls on the water surface between the green leaves. In the shaking and turbulence, it reflects the flickering light on the delicate flowers.I use the zoom lens to zoom in on them one by one, watching how the flickering lights cause subtle and subtle changes in the colors of the flowers.Zooming in a little closer, you can clearly see the delicate textures on the petals, and when there is a slight breeze shaking them, there will be a faint fragrance.And for those withered flowers, the petals fell off on the lotus leaves like giant palms, revealing the stamens in the flower core and the light yellow receptacle surrounded by the stamens.There are small holes on the circular receptacle, and the pistils are hidden in the middle of those small holes.The wind or insects carry pollen from the stamens to the pistils hidden in the holes.They are fertilized in the receptacle and give birth to lotus seeds.When the wind finally blows off all the petals, the yellow of the receptacle turns green, and the plump lotus seeds show their faces, and a flower becomes a lotus pod. If you pick one, you can enjoy the sweetness. Lotus seed.However, here, these lotus pods are only for viewing, at least I don't have the desire to eat.It reminds me of the beautiful poem of the ancients:

The glowing lotus is auspicious, and the pavilion emerges from the water. A solitary stem draws green, and the two shadows share dividends. The lotus is indeed a plant rooted in the deep consciousness of the Chinese people. "Shishi used it as an example, and the reasoning exists." This is what Li Shizhen said.It means that in Buddhism, the biological characteristics of the lotus become a symbol in Buddhism. The "Avatamsaka Sutra" described in detail the lotus flower - another name for the lotus flower - "four righteousness": "Like a lotus flower, it is not stained in the mud, it is truer than the dharma world, and it is not polluted by the world in the world. Two is like a lotus flower , The development of self-nature is like the enlightenment of self-nature, and the development of self-nature.

The three are like lotus flowers, which are picked by bees, and the real ones are used by all sages.The four are like lotus flowers, and have four virtues: first, fragrance, second purity, third softness, and fourth loveliness. For example, the four virtues are permanence, happiness, ego, and purity. "Its symbolic meaning could not be more clear. Li Shizhen also left the description of the medicinal value of the plant in his Pharmacopoeia, and produced more specific symbols according to the various biological characteristics of the lotus: "Fulian is born humble, but pure and white. ; South is soft but solid, and it is restrained and restrained.The holes are exquisite, and the yarn is hidden inside. It is born in tenderness, and it grows into stems, leaves, and flowers; it also regenerates buds to continue the veins of life.It can be eaten at any time of the year, which makes people happy. It can be called a spiritual root! "

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi's "Ai Lian Shuo" was published, which closely linked the characteristics of lotus with the personality of Chinese gentlemen: "Yu Du loves the lotus. The vines are not branched, the fragrance is far and clear, and the pavilions are clean and planted, which can be seen from a distance but not played with." It is the final characterization of the meaning of He's personality. No, a grandma led her grandson past me, and I heard her say that phrase to her grandson that almost everyone knows.It's a pity that after saying this, she boarded the gazebo by the old city wall, and sang exciting red songs with a group of people with her old voice.

I avoided this choir and went to Yang Sheng'an Temple in the garden. This garden, in the Ming Dynasty, was the garden of the Yang family who came out of Xindu as the first assistant of the dynasty and Yang Sheng'an, the number one scholar.After reading some local historical materials, it is verified that lotus flowers were planted on the water surface of this garden as early as the Tang Dynasty.So it is called Guihu, not Lianhu, because later Yang Sheng'an personally planted osmanthus on the embankment of this lotus pond.Now, it is not the season for the fragrance of sweet-scented osmanthus, only the fragrance rippling on the lotus pond makes people feel happy physically and mentally.But thinking of the owner of the garden, Yang Shengxiu, made me feel complicated.

Sheng'an is Yang Shen's nickname.Yang Shen was born in 1488. He was the number one scholar in the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty.In March of 1521 AD (the 16th year of Ming Zhengde), Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao died of illness. Wuzong had no newborn son, so his cousin Zhu Houcong succeeded him as Sejong.When Shizong became emperor, he wanted his biological father to be "Huang Kao".Yang Shengxiong's father, Yang Tinghe, the chief assistant at the time, believed that heirs should be inherited at the same time, that is, the new emperor should respect Wuzong's father as Huangkao, and the current emperor's biological father can only be "Huangshukao".Such an unimportant family matter in the emperor's family led to the famous "negotiation of great rites" dispute in Ming history.The power ministers and cultural elites of a country have been arguing over this fart for three years.Ming Shizong Zhu Houyi was the cousin of Ming Wuzong Zhu Houyi, and the nephew of Ming Wuzong's father Ming Xiaozong.Because Emperor Wuzong had no son, Zhu Houcong succeeded to the throne.According to the old practice of the feudal dynasty, that is, the so-called "li", Zhu Houcong should be regarded as the son of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty, and respectfully called Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty "Huang Kao". It is called "Huang Kao".This is the opinion of most ministers, including Yang Tinghe, Yang Shengan and his son.However, there are also a few flattering ministers who think that Zhu Houcong is a successor to the Datong rather than an heir, so he should call his biological father "Huang Kao" and Ming Xiaozong "Huang Bo Kao".Zhu Houcong naturally agreed with the latter opinion very much, and asked Yang Tinghe and others, "Can parents be transferred?!" The two sides insisted on their own opinions and refused to give in to each other.One day in July of the third year of Jiajing, Yang Sheng'an mobilized all the officials and shouted: "The country has supported scholars for 130 years, and it is today." More than 200 officials from the opposition knelt down and cried.Emperor Jiajing was furious, and took 134 people into prison. The court beat more than 180 people, that is, they took off their pants and spanked them in public. Seventeen people were beaten to death on the spot.Yang Sheng'an was also extended twice in ten days. Fortunately, he died and revived again.Later, together with the other seven people who took the lead in making trouble, they were punished by forming an army into the army, and were exiled to Yongchang, Yunnan (now Baoshan).

Traditional intellectual elites who uphold the spirit of Confucianism often waste a lot of energy and even their lives on maintaining the orthodoxy ("ritual") of the feudal system, and their integrity is naturally admirable.But in the eyes of today's people, what kind of title the emperor wants to give his Lao Tzu is really not worth the tragic price paid by an intellectual elite like Yang Shengxiu.In the feudal system of the home world, the efforts and sacrifices of the intellectual elite to maintain the so-called orthodoxy of other people's home world are just the tragedies that often occur in Chinese history.This tragedy did not start with Yang Sheng, nor did it end with Yang Sheng.Their relentlessness and selfless sacrifice are really embarrassing.Standing in front of the statue of Yang Shengxiong under the scorching sun, a few words popped up in my heart: why?

This Yang Shengxiong is not the Yang Shengxiong I particularly admire. My admiration for this ancient man stems from the legends about him I heard from local historical materials and local people's word of mouth when I was walking on the land of Yunnan.After the Ming Dynasty captured Yunnan in the 14th year of Hongwu (1381), it established the Weisuo Tuntian system, and successively immigrated three to four million Han people to Yunnan, which changed the ethnic structure of Yunnan's population.As for Yang Sheng'an himself, from being demoted at the age of 37 to his death at the age of 72, he set up a lecture hall in Yunnan for more than 30 years, recruiting students widely, and also traveled and inspected various places in Yunnan, writing and researching tirelessly, and wrote a book involving Academic works on many subjects.With his encyclopedic knowledge structure and personality charm of not fearing power, people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan formed a huge trend of learning Central Plains culture after Yang Sheng'an.This is the right way for intellectuals to spread new cultural knowledge in a land of ignorance, and to contribute to the formation of a Chinese cultural community with cultural influence. Yang Sheng'an's exile in Yunnan brought him from the temple to the folk, and from the Gangchang ethics in books to a broader geography and life.Everywhere he went, he paid attention to the situation of mountains and rivers, local conditions and customs, collected folk songs, wrote articles and published them as songs.In "Journey to Dian", he recorded the geographical conditions and ethnic customs along the route of the garrison brigade, which provided important historical materials for future generations to understand the situation in the southwest frontier.What is even more rare is that during his exile, he went deep into the folks in the border areas and cared about the sufferings of the people. When he found out that the gentry in Kunming, in the name of repairing Haikou, colluded with local officials to seize the people's fields and entrap the people, he wrote "Haimen" with awe in justice. "Xing" and "Houhaimen Xing" and other poems criticized bitterly, and wrote a letter to the governor of Yunnan, requesting to stop such so-called water conservancy projects that cost people and money. So until today, the three gods (or people) most respected by the common people in Yunnan are Guanyin, Zhuge Liang and Yang Sheng'an.Some scholars pointed out that in the early Ming Dynasty, Yunnan, like Tibet, Xinjiang, Mongolia and other regions, was still a "land outside the culture" of the Central Plains culture.After the Ming Dynasty, the cultural outlook of Yunnan was very different from the above-mentioned areas, mainly due to two reasons, one was the guard system implemented by the imperial court, and the other was Yang Shengxiong’s contribution to cultural dissemination and enlightenment. But such enlightenment can't lessen the tragedy of his personal and family fate.When Mr. Yang Shengxiu was alone in Yunnan, his wife Huang E missed her husband in this lotus garden and waited for his return.Mr. Sheng'an, who is far away in the frontier, also deeply misses his wife Huang E who is waiting for his return in this hometown garden: The shadow of the moon in the empty court is slanting, the east is bright, and the golden rooster frightens the butterflies beside the pillow.There are ten miles of long pavilions and three folds of Yangguan.When did you meet each other?Tears flow blood on the lapel, sorrow pierces the knot in the heart.Mandarin ducks are hot and cold. Huang E also used the title of "The Lament of the Luo River" as a gift to her husband: The green hills are faintly hidden, and pedestrians go, how many times does the path of sheep intestines and birds turn?The sound of wild geese can't be heard, and the horseshoes are timid. It's the cold winter festival.The lone bird is gone in the sky, the trees are connected in the distance, and the people leaning on the building are cold and dry. Today, the railings that were warmed by the bodies of the people leaning on the railings are also cold, and as the sun sets, dew slowly condenses.I opened my notebook and found a couplet copied from a certain place in Yunnan and written in front of a certain Shengan Temple: Let go of Hanlin, relegated to the frontier, dare to ask Mr.: Do you mind if you are in the field or in the court?Walking in Chuncheng, going to Dianchi Lake, if you talk about your destination, you should be tolerant if you have mountains and water. This is nothing but the same lament of those of us who come after us.After leaving Guihu Park, it was already dusk, and I ordered a few light dishes from a porridge shop on the street, and drank lotus leaf porridge with light blue soup.When I was driving at the gate of the park, I was still unsatisfied, and walked into the newly opened park outside the wall of Guiyuan Park, where the lotus pond was also dark green.I sat down on a porch and ordered myself a cup of tea.When the tea was served, there were still a few lotus petals floating in the soup.Take a sip, the mouth is full of lotus fragrance.With this lingering fragrance in my mouth, I got up and left.Inadvertently, I came across the statue of Mr. Ai Wu, a senior writer.Back then, this young man who was also born in Xindu County traveled south alone, passing through Yunnan to Myanmar, and left a classic "Journey to the South" for Chinese literature describing the frontier.I stood for a moment before this statue.A question popped up in my heart, Mr. chose this path, was it influenced by the story of Sheng'an?When Mr. Ai was alive, I was still young, and I didn’t know how to ask for advice to explore their legendary lives. Now that the Sri Lankan people have gone, there is no way to ask.Two days later, a cultural leader came to Beijing to visit Mr. Ma Shitu.Invite me to go with you.When they were talking, my eyes stayed on the banner hanging behind Ma Laoshu's case.The writing is Ma Lao's, and the text is also Ma Lao's. It is called "Preface to the Collection of Guihu".In the 1980s, Balao returned to his hometown of Chengdu.He once traveled to Guihu Lake with Ai Wu, Sha Ting and Ma Shitu.Ma Lao's "preface" is a record of this trip.After the preface written by Mr. Ma, there are signatures of Ba Jin, Ai Wu, and Sha Ting.At that moment, I was deeply moved, thinking that this is called context transmission.I also think that if I am willing to pay attention from time to time, many things I am experiencing imply mysterious connections, and it is not a coincidence.