According to legend, the wild geese in the north migrated south in groups because they were afraid of the cold wind outside the Great Wall. They flew over thousands of mountains and rivers, and came to this place with a mild climate and beautiful scenery. The flowers bloom, and they return to the north in teams.This place is the historical and cultural city - Yancheng Hengyang. "The geese frightened by the cold, and the sound broke the Hengyang Pu", this is Wang Bo's famous sentence. "Thousands of miles of Hengyang geese, come here normally", this is Wang Anshi's sentence. "Hengyang geese go without paying attention", this is a famous sentence by Fan Zhongyan.As a unique cultural landscape, wild geese frequently appear in poems about Hengyang.Huiyan Peak in the south of the city is less than 100 meters high, but when you climb to the top, you can have a panoramic view of the whole city.Because it is the first of the seventy-two peaks of Nanyue, when the weather is fine, the main peak of Nanyue can be faintly seen from the north, so it is called the first peak of Nanyue.Regarding the origin of the name of Huiyan Peak, there is a theory that it is named because it is located at the boundary between the north and the south: it is said that in the cool autumn, the northern geese migrate to the south, stop their wings here, and return in the next spring.The saying of the ancients due to the limitation of knowledge has been recognized by the literati of the past dynasties.There is another saying that Huiyan Peak rises from the ground, like flying geese flying back, and is named for its strange shape.I don't know when, Hengyang has been called "Yan City" by people.

There is Huiyan Peak in the southwest of the city, which is one of the seventy-two peaks of Nanyue.One of the Eight Scenic Spots in Hengyang, "Yanfeng Misty Rain is really commendable", goes back to the Yanyu Pool at the northern foot of Yanfeng Peak. It is said that whenever it rains, the mist rises up like clouds and smoke.In fact, Yanyu Pond is just a small pool with some water lilies scattered in it.On the cliff by the pool is engraved a sentence by Chen Zongqi, a poet of the Ming Dynasty: Seventy-two hibiscus in the blue sky, and the first peak in the south of Yan.At that time, the oleander at the foot of the mountain was in full bloom.The Shangda Archway, which was reconstructed according to the schema of the Ming Dynasty, is behind this area of ​​flowers and trees, and climbing up the mountain must start from here.The green glazed tiles, the arched mountain gate, are engraved with unicorns spouting beards, lions playing with balls, two dragons playing with pearls, and phoenixes facing the sun.The word "Shangda" on the arch is said to have been written by a fire-burning monk in Yanfeng Temple with a fire-burning stick.Behind it is the handwriting of Jiang Qianheng, a calligrapher in Hengyang in the early years of the Republic of China, "Don't make a leisurely view", which is intended to tell people not to underestimate Huiyan Peak. If the mountain is not high, it will be famous if there are immortals.Yanfeng Temple on the peak is a famous temple in the south of the Yangtze River, and the incense is at its peak.According to historical records, in the twelfth year of Tianjian, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, master Hongxuan built the temple here, and Emperor Wu of Liang Xiao Yan personally bestowed the name "Chengyun Temple".It was Yanfeng Temple in the Sui Dynasty, and was renamed Shanmen Temple in the Tang Dynasty. The Shoufo Hall, Daxiong Hall, and Dabei Pavilion were rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The lush forests and bamboos on the mountain are quiet and pleasant.Literati of past dynasties such as Du Fu, Liu Zongyuan and Xu Xiake came here admiringly.Wang Fuzhi, a great scholar in the Qing Dynasty, was also born here, and later developed his ideological system here.

Hengyang has a long history. According to the investigation of unearthed cultural relics, five or six thousand years ago, our ancestors used primitive tools such as stone tools to grow rice, raise pigs and cattle on the land of Hengyang, and lived a settled life. The Hengyang area belonged to Sanmiao and Yangyue in ancient times, and belonged to Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. In 221 BC, Qin Shihuang unified the whole country and divided the southern part of the former Chu State into two counties, namely Qianzhong and Changsha. Changsha County included Hengyang area. In 220 A.D., Sun Wu established Xiangdong County in the southeast of Changsha County, and the county government was established in Lingxian County; he also established Hengyang County in the west of Changsha County, and the county government was established in Xiangxiang Township, under the jurisdiction of Zhengyang (now Hengyang County), Chong'an (now Hengnan County), Xiangnan, Xiangxi (now Hengshan, Hengdong, Nanyue District), Xiangxiang, Yiyang and other counties.This is the first time in history that a county named after Hengyang appears.

In 589 AD, the Sui Dynasty destroyed Chen, changed the county to a state, abolished Xiangdong and Hengyang counties, established Hengzhou, changed Linzheng to Hengyang County, and both the state and county are on the east bank of the present river.This is the first time in history that Hengyang County appeared. On New Year's Day in 1942, Hengyang City was officially established. In 1943, Hengyang City was changed to a provincial city. After the whole territory of Hengyang was liberated in 1949, cities and counties still coexisted. Hengyang is located in the south-central part of Hunan Province, on the middle reaches of the Xiangjiang River.It is located at 110o32′16-113o16′32 east longitude and 26o07′0527o27′24 north latitude.It is bordered by Zhuzhou, Youxian and Anren in the east; Yongxing and Guiyang in the south; Lengshuitan, Qiyang, Dong'an, Shaoyang and Shaodong in the west; Shuangfeng and Xiangtan in the north.It is 150 kilometers long from north to south and 173 kilometers wide from east to west.

The total area of ​​Hengyang City is 15,310 square kilometers.A total of 1.531 million hectares, divided by terrain, mountainous areas accounted for 21% of the total area, hills accounted for 27%, hilly land accounted for 27%, plains accounted for 21%, water surface accounted for 4%, the total area accounted for 7.23% of the province's land area , among the cities and prefectures in the whole province, its size ranks 7th. Hengyang City is located in the axis of the concave surface of Hunan Province.Surrounded by ancient ridges and mountains forming intermittent rings, and red hilly platforms inlaid with large areas of Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary red beds, it constitutes a typical basin situation.The Hengyang Basin is high in the south and low in the north.The terrain in the south of the entire basin is relatively high, and the mountains above 1000 meters stretch for tens of kilometers from east to west, while the north of the basin is relatively low. The northward channel of the Xiangjiang River Valley on its east side is below 100 meters above sea level.The entire terrain is compoundly inclined from southwest to northeast, and the basin is lowered from all sides to the middle, showing four levels of razing at 1,000 meters, 800-700 meters, 400-300 meters, and 150 meters.

The landform type is dominated by hills and hills.Surrounded by mountains and hills, the central part is flat and interlaced with hills and hills.In the east are Tianguang Mountain, Sifang Mountain, and Yuanming'ao, the remnants of Luoxiao Mountain; in the south, Tashan, Dayi Mountain, Tianmenxian, and Jingfeng'ao, the remnants of Nanling; ; The northwest and north are Dayun Mountain, Jiufeng Mountain and Nanyue Heng Mountain.The Cretaceous and Tertiary red beds are widely distributed in the central part, constituting the main body of the Hengyang Basin, with an area of ​​3550 square kilometers.Most of the southern peaks are above 600 meters above sea level, and the highest is Tiantang Mountain in Changning, with an altitude of 1265 meters.Most of the mountains in the west are above 500 meters above sea level, and the highest is Tengyunling in Qidong County, with an altitude of 1044 meters.Except for Nanyue Hengshan Mountain in the Northeast, the general ground elevation is 300-500 meters above sea level.The highest point of the city is Zhurong Peak in Hengshan, with an altitude of 1290 meters, and the lowest point is Pengpi Port in Hengdong, with an altitude of only 39.2 meters.The entire terrain gradient is 7.9‰.The landform types are dominated by hills and hills, with mountains accounting for 21% of the total area, hills accounting for 27%, hills accounting for 27%, plains accounting for 21%, and water surfaces accounting for 4%.

There are 393 rivers and streams with a river length of 5 kilometers or a drainage area of ​​more than 10 square kilometers in the territory, with a total length of 8355 kilometers and a river network density of 0.55 kilometers per square kilometer.The main stream of the Xiangjiang River originating from Xing'an, Guangxi, enters from Qidong Guiyang Town, and flows through Qidong County, Hengnan County, Changning City, Urban District, Hengyang County, Hengshan County and Hengdong County in turn, with a length of 226 kilometers.The primary tributaries of the Xiangjiang River with a drainage area of ​​over 3,000 square kilometers include Chongling water, steamed water, Leishui, and Mishui.

On New Year's Day in 1942, a new administrative regional unit——Hengyang City was added to the Chinese urban agglomeration.The birth of Hengyang City marks the new historical journey of Hengzhou, a famous historical and cultural city, and has far-reaching and huge significance for the political, economic and cultural development of Hengyang area and even southern Hunan.The newly-built Hengyang City will make a profound and powerful answer to this with its vigorous pace. In December 1941, with the approval of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, Hengyang City was established based on the analysis of the suburbs of Hengyang County and Hengyang County.The total area of ​​the urban area is 269.47 square kilometers, and the urban area is 12.3 square kilometers.The Xiangjiang River flows through the urban area from south to north, the Leishui flows into the south of the city, and the steamed water converges in the north of the city; the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway runs through the east of the river, and the Hunan-Guangxi Railway runs through the south of the city.Backed by Nanyue Hengshan Mountain, facing Wuling Mountains in the south, connecting Guizhou and Yunnan in the west, and connecting Hubei and Henan in the north, it is an important town in Southern Chu.

Hengyang, with its beautiful mountains and rivers and rich humanities, has been called "the beauty of the world" since ancient times.There are "Yanfeng Misty Rain", "Shigu Jiangshan", "Zhuling Poetry Cave", "Anther Spring Stream", "Yueping Snow Ridge", "Green Grass Restaurant", "Dongzhou Taolang", "West Lake White Lotus" in the urban area. "Eight scenes.There are poems to prove it: "Yanfeng's misty rain is really boastful, and Shigu's rivers and mountains are splendid. There are thousands of poems in Zhuling Cave, and hundreds of wines at the head of the green grass bridge. Anthers and spring streams show dragon claws, and Yueping Snow Ridge is noisy. Try Dongzhou The peach waves are warm, and white lotus flowers bloom at night in the West Lake."

Huiyan Peak, located in the south of the city, is the top of the 72 peaks in Nanyue.According to legend, the northern geese no longer fly south here.Therefore, Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty said: "The geese frightened by the cold, and the sound cut off the Pu of Hengyang"; Mount Hengshan, a Buddhist resort, is one of the five sacred mountains in the world, with forests all over the place, high peaks and dense forests, and unique scenery. "The height of Zhurong Peak, the depth of Fangguang Temple, the beauty of the Sutra Hall, and the wonder of the Water Lotus Cave" are the "four wonders" of Nanyue.

Leiyang, which is under the jurisdiction of the city, is the hometown of Cai Lun, the inventor of papermaking, one of the four great inventions in the world.There are shrines and tombs commemorating Cai Lun at the Chengguan of Leiyang.In Qulan Township, Hengyang County, there is the "Xiangxi Thatched Cottage" written by Wang Fuzhi, a great thinker and patriot in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.In history, celebrities in Hengyang are like bright stars, shining through the ages.Jiang Wan and Liu Ba met in Shu, which is a good story in history;In modern times, Tang Qunying, Liu Daoyi, Xie Bin and other outstanding figures go down in the annals of history.The famous revolutionary martyr Xia Minghan's martyrdom poem "It doesn't matter if you behead one's head, as long as the doctrine is true; kill Xia Minghan, and there will be people who will come after you" has become a clarion call to overthrow the old world.Marshal Luo Ronghuan, an outstanding proletarian revolutionist, dedicated himself to the cause of the liberation of the Chinese people and the construction of the motherland, and his contributions are all over the world.When Hengyang was founded, it was the fifth year of the Anti-Japanese War.At that time, the people of North China and East China, trampled under the iron hooves of Japanese imperialism, raised their families and moved south with capital in order to avoid the persecution and massacre of the invaders.Hengyang is located in the hinterland of southern Hunan and has developed transportation, so it has become a place of refuge for people flocking to it.The population of the city has increased to 450,000.On both sides of the Xiangjiang River, there are many shops and factories.The country's four major banks either moved to Hengyang or set up branch agencies in Hengyang.Zhongshan North and South Road on the west bank of the Xiangjiang River, there are more than 6,000 shopping malls and stores for department stores, cloth, daily groceries, non-staple food, hardware, telecommunications equipment and building materials.More than 100 medium-sized factories in machinery, chemicals, and textiles moved from coastal cities such as Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, and Ningbo, with more than 40,000 workers.By the end of 1943, there were more than 8,000 industrial and commercial households in the city, including 32 banks, 35 gold shops, and more than 200 banks.The total business volume is 300 billion yuan (legal currency, the same below); the total industrial output value is more than 1.8 billion yuan.For a time, Hengyang City, known as "Little Shanghai", had the advantages of Fujian and Zhejiang in the east, the treasures of Guangdong and Guangxi in the south, Yunnan and Guizhou in the west, and Dongting in the north. The development of culture and education presents a school of deformed false prosperity.At night, the streets and alleys in the urban area are filled with feasting, singing and dancing.In view of its luxury, people call Hengyang "Little Nanjing".It's really "Business girls don't know the hatred of subjugation, and you sing "Flowers in the Backyard" across the river"!