Chapter 7 Chapter 06

The purpose of restraining Fu Zuoyi's group was achieved, but to achieve the strategic goal of annihilating Fu Zuoyi's group in the Pingjin, Zhangtang area, it is not enough to rely solely on the strength of the North China Liberation Army. Only the Northeast Field Army can enter the customs as soon as possible. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong have long considered the issue of the Northeast People's Liberation Army entering the customs and fighting the North China Liberation Army. On May 20, 1947, Mao Zedong gave the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army such a task: "In the future, we will capture the two cities of Changchun, Beining, Changchun, Shenyang, Ping, and Tianjin."

On July 10 of this year, Mao Zedong also proposed: In the second year of the war, the three armies of the Northeast Front, Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei, and Shanxi-Suizhou, with the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army as the main force, "strive to occupy Zhongchang, Beining, Hucheng, and Pingshi. Most of the roads, Pingsui, and Tongpu, and all the cities on the roads except Ping, Tianjin, and Shenyang, isolated Ping, Tianjin, and Shenyang" and "opened up the connection between Northeast and North China."Due to the consecutive summer, autumn and winter offensives launched by the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, they failed to enter the customs in the second year of the war.

In the autumn of 1948, the Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong proceeded from the situation in the Northeast and North China battlefields. When planning the Northeast and North China operations plans for the third year of the war, they again proposed that the Northeast Field Army should enter the border with a part or the main force after the battle on the Beining Line. Together with the North China Liberation Army , Mobilize the two groups of Wei Lihuang and Fu Zuoyi, wipe out a large number of their effective forces in the movement, and strive to solve the Northeast and North China issues together.

On September 12, the Northeast Field Army launched the Liaoshen Campaign, and Chiang Kai-shek dispatched two corps from North China and Shenyang to Jinzhou.The Central Military Commission decisively made the decision to put Northeast China first and then North China, that is, "solve the Northeast issue this winter. Once the Northeast is settled, our army can enter the customs, and finally solve Fu Zuoyi." On October 30, when the Liaoshen Campaign was about to end victoriously, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou reported to the Central Committee: "We will do our best in the Northeast to wait for the battles on the Yingkou and Shenyang lines to end, and then we will advance to Beiping and Tianjin to seize Pingjin."

Considering that the Northeast Field Army had been fighting continuously for more than 50 days in the Liaoshen Campaign, it was extremely fatigued and needed to rest and replenish. In the early or middle ten days of the war, we will launch an attack on the Pingjin area. In the second half of the third year of the war, that is, from January to June next year, we will cooperate with the North China forces to wipe out Fu Zuoyi's main force, and capture Pingjin and the Beining, Pingsui, Pingcheng, and Pingbao lines. To complete the unification of Northeast China and North China, so that in the first quarter of the fourth year of the war, that is, next autumn, it is possible to dispatch the main force to the Yangtze River Basin, and to enable the Political Consultative Conference to hold its meeting in Peiping next summer.”

On November 3, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, Liu Yalou, and Tan Zheng proposed a one-month rest plan for the Northeast Field Army.The Central Military Commission approved the plan and pointed out that the rest time can be until December 15th. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the entry operation, the Central Military Commission asked the North China party, government, military and civilians to make every effort to prepare for the Northeast Field Army's entry operation. At the same time, it also instructed the Northeast Field Army to step up preparations for the entry operation while resting.

On November 4, the Central Military Commission sent a telegram to Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, Liu Yalou, and Tan Zheng: "The central government gave you the task of annihilating the thirty-six enemy divisions for the third year. You have completed it in a very short period of time. The entire army officially and publicly proposed the task of fighting Pingjin and annihilating the main force of Fu bandits in the battle of Pingjin. However, this task should first be proposed in the vertical committee and division committee, and after a period of rest and reorganization, the troops have recovered from fatigue, and then proposed to the commanders and fighters of the whole army. as appropriate."

The Central Military Commission considers that the Northeast Field Army, together with a million-strong army of former migrant workers, will enter the border to fight. The task of raising, transporting, and supplying combat materials is arduous and complicated. It must be fully prepared in advance, and it is necessary to strengthen preparations for roads, transportation, ammunition, and food. The Central Military Commission also instructed that during the rest period, the party committees of the column and the party committees of the divisions should be convened separately to further strengthen organizational discipline education. They should "specialize in discussing the issue of anti-anarchy and ordering discipline, and respectively pass two special resolutions."It is also required to further carry out the education of "the army advances, production grows an inch, discipline is strengthened, and the revolution is invincible".The Central Military Commission emphasized: "Opposing against anarchy and undiscipline is the core link of our day, otherwise we will not win national victory, and we will not be able to consolidate victory if we win."

At 4 o'clock in the morning on November 16, Mao Zedong decided to withdraw from the siege and return to Sui, stop attacking Taiyuan, transfer the main force of the Northeast Field Army to enter the customs early, and launch the Pingjin Campaign in advance. Mao Zedong first sent a telegram to the Northeast Field Army: "We have considered that if Yang Luogeng's (2nd North China Corps) is located in Suidong and Yang Chengwu gathers together, we can prevent Fu Zuoyi's retreat to Suiyuan, but we cannot stop Fu's Even if the Central Army retreats to the sea, the encirclement of Zhangjiakou will not achieve this goal. Since the enemy has 35 infantry divisions and 4 cavalry divisions in total, if the enemy is determined to retreat from the sea, he can gather more than a dozen divisions to take the enemy out of Zhangjiakou and concentrate them in Jingu is being shipped gradually... The main force of Fu's division is near Beiping. We have considered that your main force will enter the pass as soon as possible, surround Jingu and Tangshan, and rest under the siege posture, so that the enemy will have no way to escape by sea. Please think about it. It is better to enter the customs as soon as possible, or to complete the rest plan in the northeast and then enter the customs, and hope for the result by telegram.”

On November 17, Lin Biao called back: "The Central Military Commission: "It is very difficult for the main force of the Northeast to enter the customs early, because after the liberation of the Northeast, the thinking of the troops has fluctuated greatly. The soldiers from the Northeast are afraid of leaving their hometowns and walking too far, and even some cadres have begun to develop feelings of enjoyment. This problem needs to be solved vigorously. In the past, because I was busy dealing with the problems after the decisive battle, I have not formally explained this problem to the soldiers, and I am planning to explain this problem in various ways. At the same time, the replenishment of recruits and captured soldiers is not yet ready, and there must be a considerable amount of time for work, otherwise Fleeing and attrition will be even more serious. In addition, the troops have not yet issued winter coats, cotton caps, and cotton shoes.

"In order to quickly complete the preparations for the dispatch, we have changed the original training plan on the 14th, focusing on solving the thinking of entering the customs among the soldiers, striving to consolidate and replenish new soldiers and capturing soldiers, and among the cadres The anti-anarchy and undisciplined education has changed the military education to the opportunity of marching and fighting in the future. All columns have asked for an extension of the rest period, but we have not responded. "The casualties of the first column in the autumn attack were small. Although they could enter the pass earlier, the column is now in Shenyang. The third column can easily enter the pass in Jinzhou, but the column suffered a total of more than 10,000 casualties in the autumn attack and needed a necessary rest. We plan to strive for the ninth column in Haicheng and Yingkou and the tenth column in Montenegro to be dispatched as early as possible. "If the enemy is determined not to defend Ping and Tianjin, he will definitely begin to retreat before our main force in the Northeast has entered the pass and when we start to find that our main force has entered the pass. Before the main force moves, you can encircle a relatively large enemy, and it is better to hold the enemy back." Many specific difficulties did exist for the Northeast Field Army to enter the customs ahead of time: However, in mid-November 1948, the Huaihai Campaign entered a critical moment, and the North China KMT might retreat again.In order to seize the opportunity, the Central Military Commission required the Northeast Field Army to overcome various difficulties and enter the customs quickly. On November 17, the Central Military Commission called the leaders of the Northeast Field Army and the Northeast Bureau to suppress Fu Zuoyi's group and wipe it out on the spot in North China, pointing out: I have wiped out 18 to 19 enemy divisions in the first stage of the Huaihai Campaign.Under the threat of my victory, Chiang Kai-shek will definitely consider the issue of his Yangtze River defense line.However, the troops Chiang Kai-shek could mobilize were only the North China and the Northwest. "Looking at the overall situation, keeping the 24 divisions of the Jiang family and the 16 divisions of the Fu family in North China will be eliminated. On the one hand, it will facilitate the entry of the Northeast Field Army into the customs; Formed, the East China Field Army and the Central Plains Field Army can continue to wipe out the enemy in the Xuhuai area, and the Northeast Field Army will go south along the Jinpu Road and go straight to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. However, if we want to keep Jiang and Fu in North China, we must rely on the existing strength of our North China Army , it cannot be completed. If the Jiang Bandit concentrates its twenty-four divisions on the front line of Jingu to cover the shipping, we concentrate the Cheng, Huang, Yang, Luo, and Geng corps, and it will not be able to destroy its plan. If Yang, Luo, and Geng are used On the Chasui side, they were not fully sure of preventing the Fu clan from retreating westward, because the Fu clan could use its cavalry, vehicles, and local familiarity before Yang, Luo, and Geng arrived in Suidong, and even after Yang, Luo, and Geng arrived in Suidong. , rushing through the northern foot of Daqing Mountain, our army can only intercept one part of it, but it is difficult to intercept its main force. Once the Fu family retreats, the Jiang family will retreat south at the same time, causing our two ends to collapse. For all the above reasons, I hope you will seriously consider the following two options: "(A) The Northeast Field Army moved into the pass around the 25th of this month in advance. It is estimated that the troops in the Jin and Yi areas will be able to reach the Tianjin and Tangshan areas before the 10th next month. If the enemy is retreating south, we can wipe them out Part or most of it; if the enemy has not yet started, we can detain the enemy, continue to rest, repair Beining Road, and then wipe out the enemy on a large scale. "(B) Regardless of whether Jiang and Fu's troops withdraw or not, they will rest until December and a half according to the original plan, and then march south. That is to say, if Jiang and Fu want to withdraw, let them withdraw, and you are prepared to have nothing to do after arriving in Pingjin. When the battle can be fought, go south along the Pinghan Road, first fight in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and gradually advance eastward to attack Beijing and Shanghai with Liu and Chen Hui. "Which of the above two cases is appropriate, I hope to consider the telegram reply." Since the rapid entry of the Northeast Field Army is crucial to the success or failure of this upcoming war, Mao Zedong sent another stern telegram to Lin Biao on the 18th: "I hope you will immediately order each vertical to complete the departure in one or two days." Prepare. On the 21st or 22nd, the whole army or at least eight columns will take shortcuts and march at the fastest speed, and suddenly surround the three enemies in Tangshan, Tanggu, and Tianjin. They will not let them escape and try to make the central army surrender without a fight. I hope you will send out After the dispatch order, first proceed to Jidong to command." On November 18, the Central Military Commission stipulated in the Northeast Field Army’s entry combat order that the first step of the Northeast Field Army’s combat goal was to encircle the three enemies in Tangshan, Tanggu, and Tianjin, and the focus was to prevent the Kuomintang troops in Jin, Tang, and Tang areas from escaping. .As long as the Kuomintang army is captured, the main purpose of restraining Fu Zuoyi's group will be achieved. On November 19, Lin, Luo, and Liu reported to the Central Committee: "We will follow the call and set off on the 22nd." On the same day, the political work conference held by the Political Department of the Northeast Field Army in Shenyang immediately turned to discuss the emergency mobilization of the entry operation. Luo Ronghuan pointed out in his speech: "Our task is to enter the customs. In a day or two, we will mobilize our troops to take Beiping and Tianjin. We must mobilize urgently. The current situation does not allow us to have another month's rest. The national situation Taking a sharp turn, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to retreat to North China and send his troops south, but Fu Zuoyi wanted to run west and join the 'two horses'. Xuzhou has wiped out 19 enemy divisions, and now the enemy is even more chaotic, and there will be greater changes, and there will be more There have been splits and uprisings among large stocks and large stocks, so we must quickly enter the customs now." Luo Ronghuan put forward specific requirements for the mobilization education of the troops: The first is to educate the troops on the situation and tasks, so that all the commanders and fighters in the army understand that the collapse of the Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek has taken shape, and the total strength of the People's Liberation Army has completely surpassed the Kuomintang army.The central government proposed that the reactionary Kuomintang rule could be overthrown in about one year. This is the objective requirement of the situation and the goal of the People's Liberation Army.Therefore, the main force of the Northeast Field Army must quickly enter the customs to capture the entire North China and win the whole country. The second is to educate the troops on the overall concept, and make it clear to the commanders and fighters that after Japan surrendered, the People's Liberation Army from inside the pass came outside the pass, persisted in the Northeast People's War of Liberation, and won the victory of the entire Northeast.In this process, with the strong support of the military and civilians in the liberated areas of the pass, especially the direct cooperation of the North China Liberation Army, the victory in the Northeast came quickly.Now the Northeast People's Liberation Army is obliged to go to the pass, and it is a glorious task to cooperate with the Liberation Army in the pass to liberate the whole of China.At the same time, it must be pointed out that only with the liberation of the whole country can the victory in the Northeast be consolidated and the land allocated to the peasants maintained. The third is to carry out continuing revolutionary education for the troops. In the field of war, we must overcome the fear of entering the customs, the fear of being far away from home, and the ideological concerns of not being able to return in the future.For those who run home.To mobilize it back to the team.Among the cadres, the concept of pleasure and stagnation must be overcome, and it is not allowed to leave the army or ask for a job transfer on the grounds of poor health.We must call on all comrades to maintain their honor and not to be laggards. The fourth is to conduct unity and coordination education for the troops.The Northeast Field Army entered the customs and fought side by side with the troops of the North China Military Region. The issue of unity is very important.It is necessary to carry out education in the army well, and consciously take care of the friendly and neighboring corps.Only in this way can we be better united. We must first prepare ideologically, learn from the North China team, and follow the North China team. On the same day, the leader of the Northeast Field Army sent a telegram to the Central Military Commission: On the 22nd, our main force in the Northeast began to advance from the line of Jinzhou and Shenyang; it is estimated that when the enemy finds that our main force in the Northeast is advancing to the east of Jidong, the enemy at Qinhuangdao may retreat to the sea, and the enemy at Tangshan may retreat to the sea. It is possible to retreat to Tanggu or Tianjin. Therefore, it is suggested that Cheng Huang's 4th, 11th, and 3 independent divisions should surround Tangshan with all their strength on the 24th, and use the main force to be located in the south of Tangshan for tenacious defense, and quickly build a barrier to prevent enemy reinforcements and retreat. The position prevents the enemy from retreating south, and when our main forces from the north arrive one after another, they will take over the encirclement.At that time, the 4th and 11th verticals may insert to the east of Peiping to prevent the enemy from retreating eastward, or directly encircle Tianjin, depending on the situation at that time.If Luan County still has one army left and right, the ministries under Cheng and Huang will surround Luan County, hold the enemy back, and wait for the main force. On November 20, the leader of the Northeast Field Army called the Central Military Commission again: "All the verticals, division chiefs, and political department directors who were meeting in Shenyang have already left Shenyang this morning, and those who are far away will not be able to return to the army until tomorrow. If we leave on the 22nd , it is too hasty, and the entire army is unable to carry out a minimum political mobilization, so can the departure time be changed to the 23rd. On the same day, the Central Military Commission called the leaders of the Northeast Field Army on the issue of delaying the siege of Tangshan and concealed entry, pointing out: "The timing of encircling Tangshan's enemies is worth considering. Cheng and Huang can prepare to encircle Tangshan between the 25th and 27th to cut off the enemy's retreat, but the implementation must wait for our final order. "According to researchers, Fu Zuoyi's command ability is stronger than that of Wei Lihuang and others. Cheng and Huang encircled Tangshan too early, and it was two or three weeks before the main force arrived near Tangshan and Pingjin. During this time, the two factions of Jiang and Fu must be different. Action. If the enemy's central forces are in the vicinity of Peiping, or even part or most or all of the Jiafu forces advance to the Tianjin, Tang, and Tang lines, and the main force is located in Tangzhan, then the enemy in Tangshan can be taken out and completed. In preparation for retreating by sea, it is difficult for our army to annihilate the enemy when it enters the customs. "We believe that our troops on the Jinzhou and Xinmin lines and the Yingkou area should be launched secretly first, and the four columns of troops and Cheng and Huang's existing forces should be used to simultaneously cut off the connection between Tianjin and Beiping, and between Tangshan and Tanggu, so that Beiping, Neither of the enemies in Tangshan can reach Jin and Gu. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to postpone Cheng and Huang's action to encircle Tangshan, and first use four columns to enter the pass secretly at night and stay at dawn to carry out the task of separating Ping and Tianjin. For troops near Shenyang, it is advisable to postpone the departure time, because there is an enemy radio station in Shenyang. If we act, the enemy will be alert. "Fu and Jiang's 1 army in Shanhaiguan has not yet retreated. The purpose is to estimate that your main force will go to the place when entering the pass, let the troops block it first, and buy the time for the main force to escape or stick to it. Therefore, your main force enters the pass. You should take the roads taken by the 4th and 11th verticals, and do not take the Shanhaiguan Pass. "The movement of troops must be very concealed: Jiang and Fu always underestimated the enthusiasm of our army. They have not yet expected that your main force will enter the customs immediately. Therefore, in addition to the fact that the movement of troops should be very concealed, please ask the Northeast Bureau and Lin, Luo and Tan Order the Xinhua News Agency and the radio stations in Northeast China to broadcast more news about our main force celebrating victory and training meetings in Shenyang, Xinmin, Yingkou, and Jinzhou in the next two weeks, so as to confuse the enemy." At 3:00 on November 21, the Central Military Commission also called the leaders of the Northeast Field Army about the time and route for the main force of the Northeast Field Army to enter the customs: "You can set off on the 23rd with 5 columns located in Jinzhou, Dahushan, Yingkou, etc., and take the shortcut to travel at night and stay at night to cover and move quickly. Use 3 or 4 columns to separate the enemies of Beiping and Tianjin; use 1 2 columns to isolate the enemy in Tianjin and Tanggu; use 1 column to join the Chenghuang Corps to isolate the enemy in Tangshan and Tanggu; the rest of the ministries in Xinmin, Dahushan, and Yingkou can start on the 23rd or 24th All the above-mentioned ministries leave East Hebei via Rehe territory, not Shanhaiguan. The ministries and headquarters in Shenyang should delay their departure for a few days with large luggage, and leave Tangshan near Shanhaiguan. If Lin, Luo, and Liu decide to go first, they should carry light command The agency went first, and about a week after leaving, a piece of news stating that Lin was still in Shenyang was published in the Shenyang newspaper, and it was broadcast by Xinhua News Agency. All the ministries should pay attention to concealment when marching." On the same day, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou sent a telegram to the Central Military Commission regarding the entry route of the Northeast Field Army: "For the time being, our army will aim at Yutian and the areas to the east and west, and advance to the east of Hebei. The specific actions will be determined later according to the situation; "It was decided to take two parallel roads. The north roads are: Yixian, Shenjiatai, Yangshan, Liujiazi, Jianchang, Gongyingzi, Shanzuizi, Wujiazi, Goumenzi, Foyedong, Bainiuqun, Tangdaohe, Sanqigan, Daziling, Fanzhangzi, Xiabancheng, Andashi, Sanchakou, Gushanzi, Aijiakou, Tiemenguan, Xifengkou, Santunying, Zunhua. South Road: Jinzhou, Jiangjiatun . "The 3rd column in Jinzhou will be the first to advance through the south road, and the 5th column in Yixian will be the first to advance through the north road. Each column will set off on the evening of the 23rd, and the troops in Shenyang will set off on the evening of the 24th. "All ministries adopt the principle of traveling at night and staying at dawn, and advance quickly and secretly." On November 23, the Northeast Field Army began a historic victory march. 1 column, 2 columns, 3 columns, 5 columns, 6 columns, 7 columns, 8 columns, 9 columns, 10 columns, and 12 columns, a total of 10 infantry columns and special forces with about 800,000 people, 1,000 artillery pieces, and 100 tanks , 130 armored vehicles, 100,000 war horses, and 150,000 migrant workers accompanying the army, bid farewell to the white mountains and black waters, and marched forward to North China along the established route. The two armies of the Northeast Field Army rushed to Pingjin after entering the pass with lightning speed. As the north of Shanhaiguan is mountainous, the roads and people are sparsely populated, there are too many troops, it is too crowded, and the Northeast army marched southward after a long distance. The Kuomintang army carried out aircraft reconnaissance and bombing for several days. The 3rd and 5th columns that entered the pass first have been discovered by the enemy. , the leaders of the Northeast Field Army believed that there was no secret at all when the army entered the customs, so on December 6th they ordered the 7th, 2nd, and 12th columns and special forces units to follow Beining Road through Xingcheng, Suizhong, and Shanhaiguan. The area east of Tangshan advances to speed up the progress of troops entering the customs. Along the ancient Great Wall, the army surged forward. Countless mountain guns, field guns, howitzers, and car tractors, mule carts, tanks, armored vehicles, billowing smoke and dust covered the sky and the sun. As the troops marched forward, political organs at all levels sent people to follow the troops to help the company consolidate the troops and mobilize the mind.Along the march of the troops, propaganda stations and agitation sheds were set up, slogans were painted on door panels, village entrances, and roadsides, and agitation slogans were posted. On the way the troops marched, the people in Northeast China gave them a warm welcome, and the people in North China warmly welcomed them. Reception stations were set up in every town, archway and triumphal arch were erected, and red, green and green slogans were plastered on the walls and trees. On the tower of Shanhaiguan City, dozens of red flags flutter in the wind, and the plaque of "No. 1 Pass in the World" is hung high on the city gate. On both sides, there are huge couplets saying "Marching thousands of miles is really iron feet, entering the pass and killing the enemy is a hero".At the gate of the city, there was thunderous cheers and gongs and drums.The welcome crowd chanted slogans such as "warmly welcome the entry of the Northeast Field Army" and "eliminate Chiang Kai-shek's army and liberate all of North China".The welcoming crowd brought bowls of tea to Zhan Tu's mouth.Persimmons, red dates, white pears, peanuts, chestnuts, and hard-boiled eggs were stuffed into the soldiers' pockets and satchels. Every time the troops arrived at the campsite, the housing, food and grass had been properly prepared, the kangs in every household were warmly burned, and the ground was swept away.The strong support of the people in the Northeast and North China Liberated Areas greatly educated the troops and inspired all commanders and fighters to advance to Pingjin and kill the enemy to make meritorious deeds. On December 7, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, Liu Yalou, and Tan Zheng led the light command organization of the field army to Mengjialou, 10 kilometers south of Jixian County. On December 8, five columns had crossed the Great Wall and entered the customs.Among them, 5 goes to Ji County and its northeast, 3 goes to Fengrun, 10 goes to Qian'an, 9 goes to Jianchangying and its northeast, and 6 goes to Xifengkou and its north.The other 5 columns and special forces units are stepping up to enter the customs, 8 columns to Jianchang and its southwest, special forces to Suizhong, 7 columns to near Jinxi, 1 column to Chaoyang, and 2 columns to Montenegro , 12 vertically to the north of Xinmin. The Northeast Field Army marched into the pass, which completely changed the situation of the comparison between the enemy and ourselves.At this time, the Fu Zuoyi Group concentrated in the Ping, Tianjin, and Zhang areas had a total of only 42 divisions with more than 500,000 troops.The Northeast Field Army of the People's Liberation Army has more than 800,000 troops entering the customs, plus 460,000 troops from the North China Military Region, and the total exceeds 1 million, far exceeding the Kuomintang army and occupying an absolute advantage. On November 26, when the main force of the Northeast Field Army entered the customs, the Central Military Commission called the leaders of the Northeast Field Army about the combat plan after the entry of the Northeast Field Army, pointing out: "When your army enters the customs, the enemy's situation will definitely change. The deployment of the combat plan must be decided in a timely manner. Therefore, I hope that you will finish dealing with the rear affairs within a few days. Before the main force reaches Jidong, you will drive past the troops and go to Jidong first. This point is very important. as important. "As of now, the enemies of Ping, Tianjin, Zhang, and Tang are still sticking to their plans and have no plans to retreat. However, it is difficult to determine what will happen in the next few weeks. "Therefore, the first combat mission of the main force of the Northeast Field Army should not be Tangshan, but Langfang and other places on the Pingjin line. There are two divisions of the 94th Army in this area, and it is estimated that the number of troops may increase. You must first annihilate this enemy, and you must Prepare to annihilate any enemies that may reinforce Beiping. Because the main forces of Fu and Jiang are in the area centered on Beiping, they are distributed along the lines of Zhuozhou, Beiping, Tongzhou, Miyun, and Zhangjiakou. You must prepare reinforcements with one or most of these enemy forces Only by fighting with troops and annihilating them can the task of cutting off the connection between Ping and Tianjin be achieved. At the same time, the enemy in Tangshan should be surrounded with necessary troops so that they cannot escape. "After the completion of the two tasks of cutting off Ping, Tianjin and encircling Tangshan, the second combat mission is to annihilate the 3 divisions of the 62nd Army and the independent 95th Division between Tianjin and Tangshan. "The third task is to wipe out the enemies of Tangshan. Tangshan is the source of coal in Pingjin. If you go to encircle Tangshan before cutting Pingjin and Tianjin, there is a danger of mobilizing the Beiping enemy to fight in Tianjin and Tangshan or run away by sea. Cheng and Huang are currently Don't encircle Tangshan. If the Yang-Li corps surrounded the enemies of Zhang and Xuan, and the Huailai and Beiping enemies sent reinforcements to Zhang and Xuan, the Cheng-Huang corps would move westward from Jixian and Yang Luogeng's corps would move westward to cut off Ping and Zhang from the vicinity of Zhuoxian. , Work together to wipe out the enemy of the flat tension line. "The fourth combat mission is to capture Tianjin and annihilate the 92nd Army and other departments. "The fifth combat mission is to wipe out the enemies around Peiping. "The last is to capture Peiping." After the main force of the Northeast Field Army entered the pass, the situation on the Pingjin battlefield was as follows: the 2nd and 3rd Corps of the North China Military Region and the Advance Corps of the Northeast Field Army had divided and surrounded the main force of the Fu faction in the Fu Zuoyi Group on the Pingzhang Line. Jiang's troops in the Tang and Tang areas carried out division and encirclement. On the Huaihai battlefield in the south, the two major field armies of East China and Central Plains had completely annihilated Huang Baitao's corps and most of Huangwei's corps, and surrounded the Du Yuming Group, which fled west from Xuzhou, in the Chenguanzhuang and Qinglongji areas in the southeast of Yongcheng. In order to rescue the Du Yuming Group, the main force of his direct lineage, Chiang Kai-shek urgently needed to transfer the various ministries of the Chiang Clan in North China to the south.For this reason, he first sent Xu Yongchang, Minister of Military Command, to fly from Nanjing to Peiping to persuade Fu Zuoyi to lead his troops to withdraw southward.Then he sent Li Jilan, the deputy chief of staff, and others to Tianjin, and asked Chen Changjie to take the camera to retreat the Tianjin defenders to Tanggu and escape from the sea, so as to strengthen the power in Central China. Although Fu Zuoyi refused to withdraw to the south for various reasons, after he learned that the Northeast People's Liberation Army had entered the customs on a large scale, he felt that the communication between Pingjing and Tianjin was in danger of being cut off, so he once again contracted his troops, adjusted his deployment, implemented divisional defense, and strengthened the The specific deployment of the defensive forces in Beiping, Tianjin and Tanggu is as follows: With Li Wen, the commander of the 4th Corps and the commander of the Beiping Defense Zone, abandon Nankou, Changping, Tongxian, and Wanping, and concentrate our forces to defend Beiping; Hou Jingru, the commander of the 17th Corps and the commander of the Jintang Defense Zone, abandoned Tangshan, Lutai, and Hangu, and withdrew the 86th and 87th Army to Tianjin and Tanggu respectively, and ordered the 62nd Army to return to Tianjin from Beiping to concentrate its forces Defending Tianjin and Tanggu: On December 11, according to the situation at the time, Mao Zedong issued the "Battle Policy on the Battle of Pingjin": "The enemies in Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, Huailai, and the whole of Beiping, Tianjin, Tanggu, and Tangshan, except for a few units such as the 35th Army, 62nd Army, and 94th Army, are defending by relying on fortifications. In addition to having strong combat effectiveness, the attacking spirit is very poor, and you have already become frightened birds, especially after you enter the customs. You must not overestimate the enemy's combat effectiveness. Some of our comrades have suffered from overestimating the enemy's combat effectiveness in the past After being criticized, they have already understood. Now that the two enemies Zhangjiakou and Xinbaoan are indeed surrounded, it is generally difficult to break through and escape. About half of the Sixteenth Army was quickly wiped out. The Huailai 104th Army fled south in a hurry. It is estimated that the enemy may be wiped out today or tomorrow. After the enemy is wiped out, you plan to cut off the connection between Nankou and Beiping with four vertical lines from southwest to northeast. It is estimated that this will not be easy to achieve. That is, the Ninety-Fourth Army, the Sixteenth Army, and the Ninety-second Army concentrated in the Nankou, Changping, and Shahe Townships for defense. But the Fourth Column's move directly threatened the northwestern and northern suburbs of Beiping, and could restrain these enemies from moving. If these enemies dare to advance westward to receive reinforcements from the Thirty-fifth Army, they can directly cut off their rear route or directly attack Peiping. Therefore, these enemies will probably not dare to advance westward again. Our North China Yang Luogeng Corps surrounded the thirty-fifth Army with nine divisions. One division is an absolute advantage. They proposed to annihilate the enemy as soon as possible. We plan to ask them not to fight for the time being, so as to attract the enemy in Tianjin. Blocking the 104th Army with a column, both enemies were repelled. "Now we agree that you will immediately go to the vicinity of Nankou with the Five Columns, and threaten the enemies of Beiping, Nankou, and Huairou from the northeast. In the future, this column will be located in this area, so that in the future (about ten or fifteen days later, it will be in Yangluogeng, North China) After the Corps annihilated the 35th Army), the 4th Column was freed up for use in the east. In this case, please order the 5th Column to continue westward today. "The third column must never go to Nankou. The column can be opened to the east of Peiping and the south of Tongxian according to our 9th telegram, threatening Peiping from the east, and forming an encirclement of Peiping with the fourth, eleventh, and fifth columns. "But our real purpose is not to encircle Beiping first, but to encircle Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai and Tangshan first. "According to our estimation, around December 15, your ten, nine, six, eight, artillery, and seven columns can be concentrated in the area centered on Yutian. We propose that December 20 Within a few days from 1st to December 25th, we took swift action to encircle Tianjin, Tanggu, The enemy at Lutai and Tangshan, if the enemy at these points is still roughly in the current state at that time, the method is to place two columns in the area centered on Wuqing, namely Langfang, Hexiwu, and Yangcun. , inserting five columns between Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai, Tangshan, and Guye to cut off the contact of the enemy. Each column must build a two-sided blocking position to prevent the enemy from running away, and then rest and reorganize the troops to recover from fatigue. , and then attack and wipe out some of the smaller enemies. At this time, the four columns should be moved from Pingxibei to Pingdong. Our North China Yang Luogeng Corps should annihilate the enemies of Xinbaoan before the four columns move. The east should strive to be the first according to the situation. Annihilate the enemy of Tanggu and control Haikou. As long as Tanggu (the most important) and Xinbaoan are conquered, the overall situation will be alive. The above deployment is actually to divide Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, Nankou, Beiping, Huairou, Shunyi, Tongxian, Enemies at Wanping (Zhuo County and Liangxiang have been occupied by us), Fengtai, Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai, Tangshan, and Kaiping are all surrounded. "This method is basically the method you used during the battles on the Yixian, Jinzhou, Jinxi, Xingcheng, Suizhong, Yuguan, and Luanxian lines. "In the two weeks from today (December 11 to December 25), the basic principle is to encircle and not fight (for example, Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan), and some are to separate but not encircle (that is, only Carry out a strategic encirclement to cut off the contact of all the enemies, instead of conducting a campaign encirclement (for example, to Ping, Tianjin, and Tongzhou), so as to wipe out the enemies one by one after the deployment is completed. In particular, the enemy forces in Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, and Nankou must not be destroyed. This will force The enemies east of Nankou quickly decided to run wildly. I hope you can understand this point. "In order not to make Chiang Kai-shek make a quick decision to transport the enemies from Pingjin to the south, we are going to order Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, and Su Yu to annihilate the Huangwei Corps, leaving the Qiu Qingquan, Li Mi, and Sun Yuanliang Corps under the command of Du Yuming (about half of which have been wiped out) Left and right), the remaining units will not be deployed for final annihilation within two weeks. "In order to prevent the enemy from fleeing to Qingdao, we are going to order Shandong to concentrate some troops to control a section of the Yellow River near Jinan, and make preparations on the Jiaoji line. "It is impossible or very unlikely for the enemy to escape to Xuzhou, Zhengzhou, Xi'an, and Suiyuan. "The only or main thing is to fear that the enemy will escape by sea. Therefore, in the current two weeks, we should generally adopt the method of encircling without fighting or separating without encircling. "This kind of plan is unexpected, and it will be very difficult for the enemy to detect it until you have finally completed your deployment. The enemy may now estimate that you are going to attack Peiping. "The enemy always underestimates the enthusiasm of our army and always overestimates their own strength, although they are also frightened. The enemy in Pingjin never expects that you will be able to complete the above deployment before December 25. "In order to complete the above-mentioned deployment before December 25, you should encourage the troops to not hesitate to be tired within two weeks, not to be afraid of downsizing, cold or hungry, and to rest and reorganize after completing the above-mentioned deployment, and then Take it easy. "The order of attack is approximately: first Tanglu District, second Xinbaoan, third Tangshan District, fourth Tianjin and Zhangjiakou Districts, and finally Beiping District. "What are your opinions on the above-mentioned plan? What are the shortcomings of this plan? What are the difficulties in implementing it? Please consider the telegram." On the same day, in order to strengthen the leadership of the troops participating in the Battle of Pingjin, the Central Military Commission sent an order: "Our troops in the Northeast are entering the pass one after another, and the battle to attack the enemies of Ping, Tianjin, Zhang, and Tang has begun. This is a huge battle. Not only should the field armies of the two districts be under the unified command of Lin, Luo, Liu, and Tan, but the Seventh Column in Central Hebei and the local corps should also be under unified command. I hope that the North China Military Region will order the Seventh Column and the Central Jizhong Military Region to connect to the radio stations of Lin, Luo, Liu, and Tan Contact, report the situation to Lin, Luo, Liu, and Tan, and accept the task. The Jizhong Military Region should also send personnel to contact Lin and Luo in Jixian County. Inform Lin and Luo of the cadre allocation and management policies of Ping and Tianjin, and at the same time strengthen the radio communication, so that Lin and Luo know all important matters prepared by North China." On December 13, the Central Military Commission ordered the establishment of the Pingjin Garrison Command, the Beiping Military Control Commission, and the Tianjin Military Control Commission. The Central Military Commission appointed Nie Rongzhen as the commander of the Pingjin garrison, Bo Yibo as the political commissar, Peng Zhen as the secretary of the Beiping Municipal Party Committee, Ye Jianying as the deputy secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, director and mayor of the Beiping Military Management Committee, Huang Kecheng as the secretary of the Tianjin Municipal Party Committee and director of the Military Management Committee, Huang Jing as the Mayor of Tianjin. The Central Military Commission emphasizes: this takeover of Pingjin and Tianjin will affect both China and foreign countries, and we must achieve the same level of management results as Shenyang and Jinan. Don’t fall behind Shenyang and Jinan, and don’t repeat the mistakes made in the early days of taking over Shijiazhuang; we must pay attention to siege Disciplinary matters of the troops and garrison; be ready to deal with the rapid development of events like Shenyang. According to the Central Military Commission's policy of "separation without encirclement", Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou ordered the main force of the Northeast Field Army to quickly and bravely insert between the points of Beiping, Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai, and Tangshan, and cut off the gap between the points. Contact, the specific deployment is: The 8th, 9th, 7th, 12th, and 2nd columns on the left and the main force of the special forces are directly commanded by the head of the field army to cut off the connection between the enemies in Tianjin, Tanggu, and Tangshan; The 3rd, 6th, 10th, and 1st Columns on the Central Road and the 7th Column in North China are under the unified command of the 1st Corps to cut off the connection between the enemies of Peiping and Tianjin, and threaten Peiping from the east and south; 右路第4、第5、第11纵队，由第2兵团统一指挥，从北、西面进逼北平。 从12月12日开始，东北野战军按预定部署，兵分三路开始行动，全力向平、津、塘地区挺进。 左路各纵队直插天津、塘沽之间。 第9纵队及10纵第29师，由丰润、玉田出发，直指北宁线唐塘段。13日占领唐山，14日占领芦台、汉沽，19日占领津、塘间重要据点军粮城，20日攻占津东外围据点欢索、范家庄、张贵庄及飞机场，并攻占塘沽以北重要据点新河，歼敌2800余人。21日进占咸水沽、新城一线，割断了天津、塘沽间的水陆联系。 第8纵队从宝坻、香河地区出发，分3路向天津城郊攻击前进。19日攻占天津以北重要据点杨村，歼灭新编第333师2000余人，俘师长宋海潮。10日攻占津北外围据点北沟、北仓、宜兴埠。21日攻占津西重镇杨柳青。22日进占白塘口、双港一线，切断了天津守军向大沽口的退路。 第7纵队于19日进至北塘、新河地区，第2纵队于20日进至北塘附近，特种兵及第12纵正加速向津、塘地区挺进。 至此，左路大军切断了津、塘间的联系，形成了对天津、塘沽的战略包围。 中路各纵队直插平津之间。 3纵于11日从香河地区出发，13日进占北平以东牛堡屯、马驹桥、廊坊一线，17日攻占北平以南重要据点南苑机场，缴获飞机25架。19日，打退敌军的反击，巩固了阵地，并逼近北平城郊东南的五里店、马道、大小武基、五四营一线。 10纵从玉田出发，向廊坊攻击前进，14日攻克平津间重镇廊坊，切断了平津铁路，15日控制青云店、采育镇、廓坊、旧州一线。 6纵从蓟县出发，向安平攻击前进，16日进占永乐店、马头镇、张各庄、安平镇一线。华北7纵于13日占领房山、良乡，15日进占黄村、南苑、庞各庄、安定车站一线。 当各部向前进发时，在河北宝坻县新安镇的一所破旧的小学校里，东北野战军第1纵队正在召开师以上干部会议。 “同志们，”纵队司令李天佑向干部们发表讲话，“辽沈战役后，华北国民党没有想到我们会马上入关，华北的敌人有50多万人，我们东北野战军一进来，再加上华北兄弟部队一配合，敌人就完全暴露在我军的铁拳之下。” “是的，”政治委员梁必业将两个攥紧的拳头二对，兴奋地插话：“两只拳头，敌人受不了。” “军委的作战方针是：目前对敌人的基本原则是围而不打，有些则是隔而不围，以便吸引平津的敌人，使其不好迅速决策逃跑，待我军部署完成以后，再将它各个歼灭。” 李天佑稍微停顿了一下，继续说：“为了进一步迷惑敌人，造成敌人在战役指挥上的错觉，不至于迅速海运平、津的敌人南下，毛主席还命令淮海战场留下敌人残部不作最后歼灭；山东我军控制南一段黄河；在华北战场上不将张家口、新保安敌人过早打掉。现在的平津形势是：在东面，我东北野战军已占领了天津东北的唐山；在西面，肃清了北平外围的丰台、石景山、万寿山一带的残敌，并准备迅速隔断这些敌人之间的联系。” “淮海战役，在我们辽沈战役结束后很快就开始了。那里打得非常顺利。”梁必业接过来说，“可是为什么毛主席要淮海停一停呢？就是淮海战役要过早的结束，华北的敌人就必然沉不住气，就有从海上逃跑的可能。所以，我们北平以东的各纵队要做的就是，快点把敌人分割开来，天津和北平要它断绝联系。这就是刚才司令员说的，隔而不围。” 梁必业与李天佑对视了一下，李天佑点点头，宣布：“总部命令我们，要尽快插到北平、天津之间，隔断敌人，不让他们收缩和突围。” 梁必业强调：“要隔断它，分割它，抓住它！不让它南逃西窜！” 最后，副司令员兼参谋长曹里怀给各师布置任务：向南疾进，直捣平津线铁路。 至此，中路大军隔断了北平、天津间的联系，切断了北平守军退往天津的道路，从东、南面逼近北平城郊。 右路4纵于14日进至南口、八达岭一线后，即在该地布防，防止北平国民党军向平张线的增援。 5纵、11纵分别从沙河堡、清河镇和羊坊镇、白羊城地区，经北平西郊向丰台、宛平、石景山之间攻击前进。 14日，11纵占领西郊机场，15、16日占领海淀、门头沟、西黄村、南北辛店和石景山等地。5纵于14日进占北平西南郊重要据点宛平、丰台。 17日，5纵、11纵进逼西直门和德胜门，与中路部队一起，完成了对北平的战略包围。 与此同时，华北军区调集冀中、冀南军区部队及地方武装，部署在保定、石家庄、衡水、沧州地区，防止平、津敌军可能经平汉、津浦路南逃，并准备堵截平津溃散的敌军。 为激励全军英勇作战，12月11日，林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼、谭政向各纵、师下达了《目前作战的政工动员》的指示： “（一）我军到达冀东后，即将协同华北友军作战，以歼灭傅作义部队及其所指挥的蒋系各军，攻占平津、唐山，完成华北全境解放： “（二）目前形势于我极其有利。敌在全国虽有五个战场（平津、太原、西安、武汉、徐州），但兵力最大、对于全局有决定作用的，仅为两个战场，即徐州战场与华北战场。此两大战场现均处于危境。徐州为我华东野战军占领后，杜聿明指挥之邱清泉、李弥、孙元良三个兵团二十二个师，由徐州向安庆方向逃窜，又为我华东主力全部包围于萧县、砀山、永城、蒙城纵横二十里之地带，已歼其三万人，其余正在歼击中。由平汉南段向徐州方向增援之黄维兵团十一个师，亦为我中原主力及华东一部包围于宿县、蒙城、蚌埠、永城四点之间，激战已十余天，再经若干天后，即可最后解决。华北敌人在南线敌人遭受严重挫败与东北我军大举入关之后，已感极大孤立，军心恐慌，进退失据。傅作义主力刻被阻于张家口、新保安、怀来之线，而蒋系各军则分布于平津、塘沽、唐山等地，兵力既形分散，其联系随时都可为我切断。这种情况就利于我军分割敌人与各个歼灭敌人。东北我军与华北友军会合后，我作战兵力已达百万人以上。这样雄厚的兵力，是华北敌人所招受不了的；又有我经过八年抗日战争到现在的广大老解放区，我全部歼灭华北敌人，攻占平、津，甚有把握； “（三）如我能作到全部歼灭华北敌人，占领平、津，这将是一个极大胜利。不但华北全境可获解放，东北、华北两大解放区完全连成一片，且在华北我军歼灭傅作义，华东、中原我军歼灭杜聿明各军之后，蒋介石在全国范围内即无主力。那时长江以北局势即可稳定，全国胜利的基础从此即可巩固建立起来。故这一作战关系极大。华北敌人数量还相当众多，其中若干部分有战斗力，必须经过激烈的战斗方可取得胜利，任何轻敌观念因而放松作战准备，那就是极其有害的。望各部到达集结位置后，即依此进行作战动员，鼓励士气，振奋全军，不骄不傲，为消灭傅作义及华北全部敌人而战。这是目前政治工作的主要内容。 “（四）其次，由于冀东与华北解放区人民对于东北我军入关作战寄以热烈厚望，而我们作战亦必须得到他们的支持和配合，否则就不可能进行胜利的作战。同时还由于我们所攻占的目标，又是平、津等大都市与文化商业中心，我军的行动必为全国人民与国际人士所注目。这就需要我军成为英勇作战的模范，成为团结人民、团结友军、遵守纪律、执行政策的模范。如果我军没有良好的纪律，如果我们不切实整顿纪律，如果我们之中有一部分不守纪律，我们就将受到广大人民及友军的指责与鄙视；我军声誉与我党在中外人士中的政治影响，必致同遭损失。为了整顿纪律，提高全体指战员的觉悟程度，必须： “第一，力戒骄傲，任何对于人民、对于友军、对于地方机关团体骄傲不谦虚的表现，在他们面前以劳苦功高与以主力军自居的表现，以及粗暴无理的表现，是绝不允许的，必须反对。 “第二，为了主动的团结友军，应在各种场合给他们以可能的关切与照顾（例如在行军宿营或作战之时），充分发扬我军的友爱互助精神。而在发生争执与纠纷时，不论有理无理均应忍耐，、退让，检讨自己，原谅对方，宁可自己吃亏，不可因此伤害对方情感。我们的口号是：团结至上，团结战胜一切。 “第三，在城市工作与城市政策问题上，严格执行军队保护一切原封不动的规定。在这个问题上，许多部队必须检讨，不从政策观点统一集中观点出发，而从自私自利目无纪律的本位主义出发的思想与严重的现象，必须从根本上予以改正。” 12日，林彪、罗荣桓、谭政又给各纵、师下达了《关于平津作战政治鼓动》的指示，要求各级政治机关和全体政工人员，全力到下面去鼓动作战。 东北野战军林彪、罗荣桓接到中央军委和毛泽东关于提前入关的电示后，经过一番紧张准备，指挥各纵队分别于1948年11月23日和24日先后启程，向关内进军。 第一步以冀东的玉田地区为目的地。 对于这次千里进军，军委提出了十分严格也十分具体的要求： 一是要求“取捷径，以最快速度行进突然包围唐山、塘沽、天津三处敌人，不使逃掉……”； 二是强调“部队行动须十分隐蔽”，要“夜行晓宿”； 三是强调“主力人突应取第4纵队、第10纵队所走道路，不要走山海关”。 在提出上述要求之后，毛泽东仍不放心，为了进一步迷惑敌人，他指示新华社及东北广播电台在部队已经开动的两周之内，“多发沈阳、新民、营口、锦州各地我主力部队庆功、祝捷、练兵、开会的消息”，还要求在东北野战军司令部和林彪于走后一星期“在沈阳报上登出一条表示林彪尚在沈阳的新闻”。 利用现代传媒手段进行军事欺骗，不能不说是毛泽东在现代条件下惑敌之计的巧妙运用。 这次向关内大进军，东北野战军12个军和特种兵部队的总人数是80万，民工15万，牲口14万匹，汽车3000辆，大车8000辆。这是一支多么雄伟、多么壮观的大军啊！ 路上，一支接一支的队伍，还有满载物资的汽车、大车，浩浩荡荡，气势磅礴，一眼望不到头，在迷茫的夜色中快速前进。虽然已是朔风凛冽的寒冬，战土们还是走得头上冒汗。 军委要求东北野战军总部要赶过部队先行到达冀东，东北野战军总部要求兵团部也要赶过部队提前到达目的地。这样各兵团出发时，虽然是在部队后面，不久就赶到部队前面去了。 部队从喜峰口进关时，蜿蜒曲折耸立在群峰之巅的古老长城映人眼帘，这一天终于盼到了。干部战士指点着古烽火台，喜气洋洋，十分高兴地说： “进关了，我们终于进关了！” 进关以后，已无密可保，部队大都改为昼行夜宿。所到之处，群众夹道欢迎，所过村庄，路口两旁桌上都摆满苹果、花生、鸡蛋。到处张灯结彩，锣鼓喧天，家家门口设置了茶水缸。每到一家，都是打扫得千干净净的房间，烧得暖烘烘的热炕和铺得整整齐齐的被褥。人民群众这样热爱自己的子弟兵，使各兵团深受感动。 经过千里跋涉，东北野战军总部于12月7日抵达蓟县以南10公里的孟家楼。走在最前面的第3纵队已到达丰润附近，第5纵队已到达蓟县及其东北，随后跟进的第10纵队已抵迁安，第8纵队、第9纵队已抵建昌营一线，第6纵队也已进喜峰口。其他几个纵队虽然还在关外，但都在日夜兼程赶进，有的也快进关了。 东北野战军提前入关，后勤补给上遇到了很大困难。为此，12月15日，中共中央华北局就支援平津前线作战给冀中、北岳区党委发出指示： “革命战争胜利发展，华北形势已起重大变化。我华北人民解放军，以风驰电掣之势，驰骋冀热察绥之间，屡歼敌军，迭克多城，已使敌军疲于奔命，穷于应付。而我东北人民解放军，则乘解放沈、锦，肃清辽南之余威，雄师百万，进军关内，声势浩大，先声夺人，军行所至，势如破竹，敌军望风披靡，弃甲曳兵而走，榆关、秦皇岛、唐山等要地，不战而下，冀东广大地区，尽人掌握。现正陈师平张、平津之间，截断铁路交通，肢解敌军，将包围于少数孤立据点之内，聚而歼之。在此形势下，平津解放已指日可待。傅作义虽尚企图负隅顽抗，但大势已去，终难逃避覆灭之命运。平津一下，则华北蒋介石势力，即在基本上被肃清，这对于全国革命形势，不仅在军事上，而且在政治上，都将具有重大的决定意义。我华北人民，为了全部解放华北，为迅速解放全中国，对于解放平津的战争，必须踊跃参战，积极支前，以争取迅速胜利。尤其对我东北人民解放军，应该发挥真挚的兄弟般的友爱，给以充分的爱护，表示热烈的欢迎。他们对解放华北、解放全中国，都起着决定作用，建立伟大功勋，华北人民应该感谢他们，酬劳他们；他们远道行军，备尝艰辛，华北人民应该欢迎他们，慰问他们；对于他们的任何冷淡和歧视，都是不应该的。你们必须教育和动员人民，对我们东北人民解放军，作诚挚而热烈的欢迎、爱护和支援。” 16日，聂荣臻、薄一波、滕代远、赵尔陆指示冀中军区和华北第7纵队：“你们应该根据军委、军区历次指示，不惜疲劳，不惜使用大的人力财力，全力支援东北我军作战。应绝对听从林、罗、刘指挥，坚决执行命令，完成任务，” 12月20日，东北野战军领导人就注意与华北同志团结致电各部：“我华北军区已从各方派出负责干部到平津前线组织支前工作，华北首长一再通令各地积极参加作战，坚决服从命令，这种精神很值得我们学习。我各纵、师在与各地同志接洽中，必须十分注意以阶级友 爱的同志态度交涉问题，要充，分了解他们的困难和实际性，向他们提出要求时，必须估计到客观情况，对于他们向我们提出的要求，必须尽可能予以完满答复。对于部队必须很好的管理和约束，使其遵守纪律和团结友爱。 " 12月21日，华北局致电冀中、北岳军区，就后勤布置和组织联合后勤指挥部的问题作出指示： “为全力支援东北军作战，后勤布置：我东北主力在解放全东北后，未及休整，则远道入关，连续作战，长途跋涉，备历艰辛。由于他们到四面后，人地两疏，和大军集中作战，故在粮秣、油、盐、柴、菜供给上当会遇到许多困难。为此，我华北全体党政军民，尤其是冀中、北岳要尽一切力量踊跃支前，保证我东北部队在粮食、柴、草、油、盐、菜蔬供给上和伤员、弹药转送上不受困难或少受困难，减少其后方顾虑，集中力量歼灭华北蒋、傅匪帮，迅速完成解放平津、解放全华北的伟大任务。为此，关于后勤支前工作，特作如下决定： “（一）由冀中、北岳组织平津战役联合后勤指挥部，以王奇才为司令员，罗思川为政治委员，肖思明为副司令员，李济寰为副政治委员，统一指挥冀中、北岳支前工作。并确定由丰台至天津地区由王、罗负责，由丰台至清河镇由李负责，王、罗和李要建立电台与地面的联系。 “（二）王或罗和李济寰同志即分别亲到林、罗处，程、黄处受领任务和接受指示，并经常保持联系取得指示，以