Chapter 37 The 23rd Tactic

The shape is forbidden, and the benefit is taken from the near, and the harm is separated from the distance.Get up and down. Geographical location is limited, the development of the situation is hindered, and it is harmful to attack farther places; it is beneficial to attack closer places. When the situation is chaotic, all kinds of forces must not fall into the frequent changes of alliance or division, and strive for their own interests and development. They should not attack the more distant forces, but make friends with them; To make friends will cause troubles to happen at an elbow.During the Warring States period, Fan Juan's strategy was to use geographical distance as the criterion for making friends or attacking, and the reason is very clear.

Far-distance and close-attack is a strategy of making friends with distant countries and attacking neighboring countries. Its purpose is to defeat hostile countries one by one. In the annexation wars of ancient feudal separatist regimes, as well as in the wars in which the great powers implemented expansion policies in modern times, the strategy of distant relations and short-term attacks was often used. During the Warring States period, Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, and Qin Qixiong stood side by side. Because King Qin Zhao adopted and used Fan Wang's strategy of "communicating from afar and attacking closely", he destroyed the six countries and unified China.

In the unification war of the Sui Dynasty, in order to avoid fighting on both sides, Yang Jian adopted the policy of "fighting first and pulling later", inducing Chen Guo, which is south of the Yangtze River, to seek peace.After succeeding, they concentrated on dealing with the Turks north of Yinshan and Helanshan, forcing all the ministries to submit, and then went south to destroy Chen State, ending the long-term separatist situation since the Western Jin Dynasty for nearly 300 years.Practice has proved that the struggle strategies of "distanced friendship and close attack" and one fight one pull used by Yang Jian of the Sui Dynasty at that time were successful.

Japan also implemented a policy of long-distance friendship and short-term attack on China. Before and during the war of aggression against China, Japan tried its best to please the United States, and its relationship with the United States was very tight.The United States politically condoned Japan's aggression against China.Economically aid Japan. After the "July 7th" Incident, the import of military strategic materials from Japan by the United States accounted for 92% of Japan's total consumption.No wonder the Washington Post of the United States admitted in its report: "U.S. scrap iron and steel played a terrible role in the Far East, and Japan used American scrap steel to rain blood in China!" As many as 60 times, a large number of facts show that Japan and the United States compromised and sacrificed China in order to form an anti-Communist and anti-Soviet situation in Eastern Munich.

Before the outbreak of the Soviet-German War, the Soviet Union was wary of Germany. Stalin had a premonition that Germany would launch an attack on the Soviet Union. In order to concentrate its forces against the threat from Germany and avoid fighting on both sides of the East and the West, the Soviet Union signed the "Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Agreement" with Japan. treaty".It can be seen from this that in order to avoid fighting on two fronts, the Soviet Union sent Japan as far as the east and concentrated its forces in the west to deal with Germany. In the late Warring States period, the six states of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, and Wei formed a situation of "uniting and vertically resisting Qin" against Qin.

One day, King Hui of Qin summoned Zhang Yi, the prime minister, to discuss how to defeat the enemy. Zhang Yi said: "Your Majesty wants to be the head of the kings and lead Qi Chu and other six countries. You can use the strategy of making friends from a distance and attacking from a short distance." King Hui of Qin was overjoyed and said, "Then I will order you to use this strategy to disintegrate the alliance against Qin." In 328 BC, Zhang Yi met with the prime ministers of Qi and Chu. During the meeting, Zhang Yi presented a large number of gold and silver beauties to the prime ministers of the two countries. It made Qi and Chu break away from the Six Kingdoms Treaty.Reconciled with Qin, isolated Han and Wei.

A few years later, Wei, Han, Zhao, and Yan united Qi and Chu to attack Qin, but in fact only Yan, Han, Zhao, and Wei participated in the war.The armies of the four countries met with a fierce counterattack by the Qin army at Hangu Pass, the key pass of the Qin State, and retreated in defeat. In the second year, King Qin Hui, now a general, discussed the matter of conquering Korea. King Qin Hui said: "We have just defeated the vertical armies of the six countries. It is rare to attack Korea when it is not prosperous." Immediately, Qin Guoxing attacked Han and defeated the Han army in Xiuyu.After the war, Qin killed all the more than 80,000 Korean soldiers captured, which shocked all countries.

At this time, Zhang Yi came to the state of Wei, had an audience with King Wei Xiang, and persuaded the state of Wei to surrender to the state of Qin.He said to King Wei Xiang: "Wei's land is less than a thousand miles away, and the terrain is flat, and there are no famous mountains and rivers to rely on. Wei's army is only 300,000 people, and they are guarding the borders of Chu, Qi, Han, and Zhao respectively to fight against them. The military strength of the Qin State is only 100,000. Besides, although the six countries have reached a vertical alliance, brothers and parents are still killing each other due to property disputes. How can the six countries unite because of Su Qin's few words? Well, Your Majesty should think about it for yourself. If your country does not move closer to Qin, Wei will be in danger once Qin's army sends troops to the Yellow River. Your Majesty, you should think twice."

After hearing this, King Wei Xiang panicked and asked anxiously, "According to what Prime Minister Zhang said, what should we do for our country?" Zhang Yi took the opportunity to say, "There is only one way, to make peace with Qin." After the disastrous defeat of the coalition army and the annihilation of the Han army, King Wei Xiang couldn't stand this kind of intimidation, so he broke the contract and asked to make peace with Qin. After Zhang Yi played back, he suggested that King Hui of Qin attack Han again, defeated the Han army at Anmen, and forced King Xuan of Han to go to Qin to seek peace.

After Han and Wei surrendered, Zhang Yi went to visit King Huai of Chu again. King Huai of Chu hosted a banquet in honor of Zhang Yi. Zhang Yi said to King Chu Bu: "My lord, if your country breaks off the alliance with Qi, I will ask the king of Qin to send the merchants to the six kingdoms." One hundred li was assigned to Chu State, and Qin and Chu became brotherly countries from then on.” After hearing this, King Huai of Chu was very happy and agreed immediately. The doctor Chen Zhen said: "Your Majesty, don't be too happy too early. According to Yichen, it is impossible to get the land of Shangyu, but the alliance between Chu and Qi may be transformed into an alliance between Qin and Qi. The reason why Qin State values ​​Chu State is that Chu State United with Qi State. Now Chu State and Qi State have severed diplomatic relations. It is tantamount to self-isolation. Qin State is not afraid of the already isolated Chu State. Zhang Yi will definitely break his promise after returning to Qin. If it is not done well, soldiers from both Qi and Qin countries will come in."

King Huai of Chu was furious when he heard the words: "I have made up my mind, and I am determined to break the agreement with Qi, and you must not talk nonsense again." Immediately.Send people to go with Zhang Yi to Qin to accept the land of Shang Yu. After Zhang Yi returned to Qin, she pretended to fall from the car and was injured. He didn't show up for 3 months. King Huai of Chu saw that the people he sent didn't get the land. He thought that Qin State thought that Chu State was not enough, so he sent someone to the border of Qi State to scold King Qi. break up. At this time, Zhang Yi said to the envoy from the state of Chu, "Why don't you come to accept the six miles of land?" The Chu people said: "I was ordered by the king to come here to accept the land of six hundred miles. How can it be six miles?" King Huai of Chu was furious, and immediately announced the severance of diplomatic relations with Qin, and sent a large army to fight against Qin. In Danyang, Qin defeated the Chu army, annihilated 80,000 people, and captured more than 70 Chu generals.Occupied the Hanzhong area.King Huai of Chu was forced to cede Hanzhong County to seek peace with Qin. Zhang Yi came to Qi State again, and said to King Qi Ming: "Those who persuade the king to join forces are nothing more than saying that Qi State has Han, Wei, and Zhao as barriers, and has a vast area of ​​people, strong soldiers and brave men. Even if there are a hundred Qin But the king did not see that Qin and Chu are actually married to each other and become brothers; South Korea offers Yiyang to marry Qin; Wei serves Qin outside the Yellow River, and Zhao The king personally went to meet the king of Qin and cut the land between the rivers to the Qin State. If the king wants to fight against the Qin State, it will be bad." King Qi Ming said: "Then what will happen?" Zhang Yi said: "In that case, Qin State will let Han and Wei attack Qi State from the south. Order Zhao State to cross the Qinghe River and attack Qi State. At that time, Linzi and Jimo will not belong to you, Your Majesty. If you want to attack Qin, it will be too late." King Qi Ming had no choice but to agree to reconcile with Qin. In the State of Zhao, Zhang Yi said to King Wuling of Zhao: "The situation in the State of Zhao is not very good! The State of Zhao sent Su and Qin to unite the six countries, so that the Qin army did not dare to leave Hangu Pass for 15 years. The country will never forget that now Chu and Qin are brothers. South Korea and Wei profess vassals to Qin in the east, and Qi also offers land of fish and salt to Qin. This does not mean cutting off the right of Zhao. shoulder. Isn’t it dangerous to fight with someone with a broken right shoulder?” King Zhao Wuling nodded slightly. Zhang Yi went on to say: "If the Qin State sends out three armies, one army will block the Wudao, let the Qi army occupy the east of Handan, and one army will be stationed in Chengjian, driving the armies of Han and Wei to send troops from Hewai; the other army will guard Mianchi and join forces. The armies of the above-mentioned countries launch a general attack, which will inevitably carve up Zhao's land. I am considering for the king, it is better to make friends with Qin as soon as possible, and become a country of brothers." Due to the situation at the time and Zhang Yi's persuasion, King Zhao Wuling had no choice but to become brothers with Qin. Zhang Yi finally came to the State of Yan and said to King Yan Zhao: "Your Majesty knows that King Zhao has already gone to court with the King of Qin, and he has cut the land between the rivers to please Qin. If the King does not obey the State of Qin, once Qin sends troops to Yunzhong and Jiuyuan, And drive Zhao Guo to attack Yan, then Yishui and the Great Wall will no longer belong to the king." Zhang Yi looked at King Yan Zhao who was bowing his head in thought, and said: "Big countries like Qi and Zhao are just like counties to Qin, and they dare not act rashly. If the king is willing to get along with Qin, I am sure The King of Qin will hold him in high regard, and will not let Yan be humiliated like Qi and Zhao." Zhang Yi's words made King Yanzhao's heart move, and he ceded the city at the end of Mount Heng to Qin State one by one, in order to form a good relationship with Qin. Zhang Yi finally alienated the six countries with the strategy of "making friends at a distance and attacking at a distance". He threatened the six countries to compete for land and bribe Qin, so that Qin's soldiers won the land of the six countries without bloodshed, laying the foundation for Qin to unify China. During World War II, Hitler attempted to annex Europe, dominate the world, and establish a "Great German Empire", but he was worried that European countries would unite and attack.Therefore, in his series of political and diplomatic camouflages, he made full use of the appeasement policies of the Western allies and carried out long-distance and short-term attacks. On August 31, 1939, Italian Prime Minister Mussolini put forward a proposal on holding a meeting of representatives of Germany, Italy, France, and Britain. On September 2, Italian Foreign Minister Ciano, as a special envoy, discussed the conditions for holding the meeting of representatives of the four countries. Came to Paris specially. At that time, British Prime Minister Chamberlain and French Prime Minister Daladier actively promoted anti-Soviet and anti-communist policies, desperately trying to push the disaster of Germany to the Soviet Union, so they were keen to implement a policy of "appeasement" against Germany.Signed the anti-Soviet and anti-communist "Munich Agreement" with Mussolini in Italy and Hitler in Germany. The Soviet Union once wanted to unite with Britain and France to deal with Germany, but was rejected by Britain and France. The Soviet Union signed the "Non-Aggression Pact" with Germany for its own benefit. Hitler knew that the Western allies and the Soviet Union would no longer give aid to Poland, so under the protection of the diplomatic policy, he boldly destroyed the neighboring Czech Republic and Poland to the east, Denmark and Norway to the northwest, and Holland, Norway to the southwest. Belgium, Luxembourg, and bypassing the pristine Ardennes into France, heading straight for the English Channel... In 1941, Hitler's strategic policy of "strangling from a distance and attacking close to each other", achieved the expected results, forming a half-moon encirclement of the Soviet Union, and disaster fell on the Soviets. In order to paralyze and deceive the Soviet Union, Hitler repeatedly expressed "friendliness" to the Soviet Union through various forms in diplomacy, actively signed a trade agreement with the Soviet Union, and even invited the Soviet military delegation to visit Germany's advanced aviation technology, and agreed to sell new fighter jets to the Soviet Union . At dawn on June 22, 1941, from the Baltic Sea to the Carpathian Mountains, the German army, with three army groups (a total of 117 divisions were deployed on the first day of the war) with the support of a large number of aviation, divided into three groups and suddenly launched an attack on the Soviet Union. full-scale attack. The Soviet army rushed to the battle and was caught off guard.Some troops did not bring maps, and some regiments forgot to bring radio call signs.Some fortifications are not guarded by troops.Some front army headquarters even don't know where their commander is.The German army quickly broke through the Soviet defense line and drove straight in. As of July 9, the German "Northern" Army Group had penetrated about 500 kilometers into the Soviet Union; the "Central" Army Group had penetrated about 600 kilometers into the Soviet Union; the "South" Army Group had penetrated about 400 kilometers into the Soviet Union. The Soviet army was surrounded and annihilated by the German army, and many towns, farms, factories and schools were bloodbathed by fascist bandits.The Soviet Union fell into a very difficult passive position at the beginning of the war.suffered huge losses. Although the Soviet Red Army and the Soviet people defeated the German fascists through arduous battles, the heavy losses suffered at the beginning of the war have become regrettable historical lessons through the ages.The disasters that Hitler's policy of "strangling at a distance and attacking at a distance" brought to the people of the world are always worth remembering. Mr. Gu Gengyu, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, highly admired a businessman named Bai Gui during the Warring States Period. In a seminar, Mr. Gu Gengyu said to everyone: "Bai Gui believes that business must seize the opportunity and use resourcefulness, just like Sun Wu used soldiers and Shang Yang practiced law. This is also the business philosophy that we should emulate at present." Mr. Gu Gengyu used Bai Gui's business ideas as early as 50 years ago to assess the situation in the fierce international market competition, and used the strategy of making long-distance and short-term attacks. Finally, he defeated the powerful American "Kong Company" and sold Chinese bristles to the world. everywhere. Fifty years ago, China's foreign trade was completely controlled by comprador capital. At that time, Gu Gengyu was in charge of the "Guqingji" bristle company founded by national capital.In order to get rid of the control of the compradors of foreign firms and directly sell his "Tiger Mane" to the American market, Mr. Gu fought hard, but due to the lack of funds, "Gu Qingguan" could not compete with the compradors of foreign firms for a while. Mr. Gu sat at the table, thinking carefully, if you can't succeed in close attack, why not make a long shot.He thought of his American partner in his business, and finally, he hooked up with the "Kong Company", which is known as the king of lard bristles in the United States. In the meeting room of "Kong Company" in Washington, Mr. Jack, the company's president, said to Mr. Gu: "After the board of directors' study, we decided to provide Mr. Gu with a revolving credit loan of US$1 million. I wonder if Mr. Gu is satisfied?" Gu Gengyu smiled and said to Jack: "Thank you, Mr. Jack, I am very grateful for the support of American companies, and hope that our cooperation will grow day by day." It is this 1 million US dollars that enabled Mr. Gu to gain a capital turnover advantage over legal compradors.Since then, the bristle bristle exported by "Guqingji" is not only high quality but also cheap in the same period last year. In the competition with foreign compradors, it quickly became the main operator of bristle export trade in China. However, cooperation in the capitalist market just means fighting, and it is common to have different dreams in the same bed. One day a few years later, the secretary pushed away the office of General Manager Gu Gengyu and presented an investigation report. .Mr. Gu lit a cigarette and read the report carefully. It turned out that after several years of cooperation, the American "Kong Company" wanted to get rid of the Chinese side and monopolize the international market of bristles. "Kong Company" wanted to buy cheaper goods in China than "Gu Qingji", and "Gu Qingji" also wanted to find a better buyer than "Kong Company" in the United States.Both sides refused to give in. Mr. Gu took a deep drag on his cigarette.Walking to the window, he knew very well that in this fight, he must not beg for accommodating and be timid. If he is not careful, he will be eaten by "Kong Company". Mr. Gu Gengyu said at the board meeting, "I am determined to go to the United States to fight face-to-face with 'Kong Company'." In October, Mr. Gu went to the United States in person. Relying on the strength of "Guqingji" in managing export commodities and the good quality of tiger bristles, Mr. Gu quickly established a new cooperative relationship with another "Jaguar" company in the United States. The "Ocean Company" jointly operated by the two parties. Amidst the deafening sound of firecrackers, "Ocean Company" opened for business. Through the "Ocean Company", "Gu Qing Ji" has obtained more low-interest credit loans in the American financial circles, which has increased the price of Tiger Mane in the American market year by year. It is this approaching competition in the United States that makes the "Gu Qing Ji" not only won huge profits, but also rapidly strengthened its strength and developed its business. In 1944, Mr. Gu Gengyu established a branch in Hong Kong, opening up a new channel for lard bristle export.