Home Categories war military Sun Tzu's Art of War and Thirty-Six Strategies

Chapter 21 The seventh plan is to create something out of nothing

Deceit is not a deception, it is actually deceitful; Shaoyin, Taiyin, and Taiyang. Using false appearances to deceive the enemy, but not to make false appearances to the end, but to subtly change from false to real, and to use the illusions already produced by the opponent. Then use a big false image, and finally suddenly become the real image. Pretending to have something without it is a deception, and the deception cannot last long, otherwise it will be seen through, so nothing cannot be forever.From non-existence to existence, this is from false to true, from imaginary to real.False appearances cannot defeat the enemy, only by changing from false appearances to real appearances can the enemy be defeated.

For example, in the Tang Dynasty Linghu Chao surrounded Yongqiu (now Qixian County, Henan Province) and Zhang Xun, the city guard, ordered more than 1,000 straw figures in black to tie them up with ropes and let them down to the city at night.Linghu Chao's soldiers thought that the city was sending out a surprise attack, so they scrambled to release arrows. As a result, Zhang Xun suspected hundreds of thousands of arrows.Later, when the real soldiers went down to the city at night, Linghuchao's soldiers all laughed, thinking that they were using grass figurines to earn arrows again, so Chang'an Street did not prepare for battle.So Zhang Xun rushed to kill Linghu Chao's barracks with 5,000 death squads, burned down the barracks and tents, and chased and killed the enemy for more than 10 miles.

Creation out of nothing, the original meaning refers to fabricating out of thin air, planting and framing. It is used here as a name, and after deduction of hexagrams and images, it is a strategy to trap the enemy in mistakes in judgment and actions by using false and real methods. Creation of nothing was originally a simple dialectical view of Taoism on things, "everything in the world is born of existence, and existence is born of nothing", and it was later used to describe the practice of fabricating something out of nothing.The out-of-the-box trick in the thirty-six tricks is like an arrow in the back, because it is difficult for people to guard against and it is very easy to hit, so that the strategist can easily achieve his goal.

Creating something out of nothing is in stark contrast to seeking truth from facts and being open and honest, which is despised by all decent people. However, in military, political and diplomatic struggles, creating something out of nothing is a double-edged sword that can be used by both sides. For the purpose of death, if you don't dance well, you will hurt yourself. How to dance this sword well and achieve the purpose of the swordsman depends on the sword dancer's own level. This was a strange unjust case that happened on the eve of World War II, and it was also the result of the Nazi Gestapo's successful use of the strategy of "creating something out of nothing".

In 1936, Hitler's feathers were growing, and the cloud of war hung over Europe, but there was a powerful socialist country in the north, the Soviet Union, which made Hitler dare not act rashly.How to weaken the military strength of the Soviet Union and clear the obstacles on the way to world domination has become an important issue that the German decision-making departments, especially the Gestapo, urgently need to solve.To this end, with Hitler's approval, Gestapo head Heydrich formulated a malicious plan. One late night in the early spring of 1937, the Ministry of National Defense building in Nazi Germany was pitch black. Except for the occasional footsteps of patrolling sentries, the whole building was lifeless and silent. At this moment, several Gestapo officers in disguise Personnel sneaked in.They went straight to the secret file room of the General Staff Headquarters. After a lot of tossing, they finally found the file of the special department code-named "R", and quietly removed the file of the then Soviet Marshal Tukhachevsky from it.

Tukhachevs is one of the famous commanders of the Soviet Red Army. He made outstanding contributions in the October Revolution and the struggle to defend the Soviet Union. He fought north and south and was invincible. Known as the "Red Napoleon" by the Soviet people.Since 1921, he has served as the dean of the Military Academy and the chief of the Red Army's general staff. In 1935, he was awarded the rank of "Marshal of the Soviet Union" for the first time. , once signed an alliance with Germany, initially only in the economic field, and later expanded to the military field. As the main leader of the Soviet Red Army, Tukhachevsky had many contacts with German military units and officers. Therefore, Germany It is not surprising that Tukhachevsky's archives also exist in the Ministry of Defense of the People's Republic of China.However, how did Tushi know that a criminal conspiracy aimed at killing him and weakening the entire Soviet Red Army was initiated.

One day in April 1937, in a gloomy basement of the Gestapo headquarters in Berlin, Heydrich, the head of the Gestapo, stood at the table with a gloomy face, and explained to several "experts" around him: "Everyone, what I have in my hand is the file of Marshal Tukhachevsky of the Soviet Union, which contains information about Tukhachevsky's background, experience, speech tone, writing characteristics, personal strengths, hobbies, etc. I am entrusted by the head of state to summon you Here, I hope that you will make full use of your expertise to fabricate a false file and false plan that Tushi and his cronies are in contact with senior generals of the German Supreme Command to overthrow Stalin's dictatorship, so that we can fundamentally shake and The weakening of the Soviet ruling group and its huge military power, by the way, is of great importance, and no one should disclose the slightest news except for elaborate fabrications, otherwise it will be a fungicide."

Soon, an impeccable fake file about Tushi was produced, which was imitated by German experts. The handwriting, tone of speech and even Tushi's personal signature in the file were so lifelike that it was difficult to distinguish the authenticity from the fake. A few days later, the case file was sent to Hitler, who appreciated it greatly after reading it, and instructed Heidel to throw the "bomb" to the Soviet Union as soon as possible. In order to disclose the contents of the archives to the Soviet Union and convince the Soviets that the fabricated archives are indeed true, Heydrich took a lot of thought. Tenet revealed that the Germans were in contact with an anti-Stalin group in the Soviet army, and Berlin was waiting for the change of the Moscow government. After learning of this "news", Master immediately sent a report to President Benesi. At that time, the Czech Republic was facing fascist Germany to invade its Sudetenland region, so Benes hoped that the Soviet Union would stand by their side.Speaking for the Czech Republic, Benes promptly informed the Soviet ambassador to Brasil Aleksandrovsky of this important "information", and the Soviet ambassador hurriedly flew back to Moscow to report to Stalin .

In order to convince Stalin of the accuracy of this "intelligence", Heydrich asked the Gestapo in France to spread the word that the armed forces of Nazi Germany were reaching an agreement with the Soviet Red Army, and the matter finally "smartly" reached the French Prime Minister Dale into Raddy's ears. At a diplomat reception in Paris, Daladier quietly pulled the Soviet ambassador to France aside, and asked in trepidation: "There is news that Moscow may change its political policy, and the Nazi armed forces have also reached some kind of agreement with the Soviet Red Army." , can your excellency clear up these worrying lies?"

The Soviet ambassador Potkin was shocked when he heard this, but he was a seasoned diplomat after all. He had an idea and prevaricated with irrelevant gossip.But he was so anxious that after 10 minutes, he left the reception and hurried back to the embassy to report to Moscow what he had heard. In order to push this drama to a climax, Heydrich sent his confidant, Behrens, the head of the Führer's Guard, to Prague to contact the personal representative of the Czech president and show him several copies of Tukhachevsky's documents. "Incriminating Materials".President Benes immediately informed Stalin of this situation.So, in a very short period of time.Officials from the Soviet embassy in Berlin and a representative of Zhongzhov, the head of the Soviet spy agency (the NKVD), found the door of the SS and "bought" the fake file carefully fabricated by German experts for 3 million rubles.

On June 11, 1937, the Soviet Tass newspaper published a news that shocked the world; Soviet Marshal Tukhachevsky and 7 other senior generals were tried by military courts for espionage crimes, and all the defendants had been shot . Tukhachevsky, an outstanding Soviet military leader, was killed by the Nazi Gestapo's out-of-the-box tricks at the age of 44. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu continued to invade the south. Wherever they went, they plundered people, robbed people, killed cattle and horses and burned houses, which became a major worry of the Han Dynasty in the north. Wan Yujia personally conscripted. At that time, Shanyu Maodun, the Xiongnu, was leading hundreds of thousands of horses to besiege Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). When Maodun learned of Han Gaozu's personal conquest, he led his troops quietly to Baideng Mountain (located in the north of Datong City, Shanxi) to set up an ambush. Liu Bang and his 300,000 troops were trapped in Baideng Mountain. Liu Bang was shocked when he learned that he had hit the trick. He hurried out of the tent and climbed up to look down. , ordered to break through. However, when the Han army rushed to the left, the Xiongnu soldiers concentrated to the left; when they rushed to the right, the Xiongnu soldiers swarmed to the left. No matter whether they rushed from the left to the right, Liu Bang could not kill a bloody path. If it lasted for 7 days, Liu Bang's army was not only short of men and horses, but also had a sharp drop in combat effectiveness, and there was not much food and grass left. If it could not break out of the encirclement as soon as possible, Liu Bang and his 300,000 army would be wiped out. Liu Bang was thinking hard about the strategy to defeat the enemy in the tent, and the civil and military staff on both sides of him were also racking their brains to find a way. Liu Bang's big tent was gloomy and quiet, and there was a feeling that death was coming. After thinking hard for a long time, Liu Bang was still at a loss. He couldn't help but sighed up to the sky, and said to himself: "Could it be that my energy is exhausted, and the sky will destroy me?" Suddenly, the counselor Chen Ping stepped forward, bent his knees half-brittlely, clasped his hands on his chest and said, "Your Majesty, I have a whim, I wonder if it's okay?" As soon as Liu Bang heard that there was a strategy to defeat the enemy, he turned around suddenly, bent down to help Chen Ping: "Get up quickly, tell me what is your fantasy?" Chen Ping stood up and bowed his ear to Liu Bang and said: "Yesterday, a spy came to me and said that Maodun likes women, and he can't live without beautiful women around him. However, his wife, Eunuch, is a famous jealousy. The two of them often quarrel with each other because of this." They turned against each other, so every time Maodun sent out troops, the eunuchs were always on hand to supervise, and in this case, because Maodun had a handle in his wife's hands, he obeyed her wife's words, I think..." Liu Bang originally thought that Chen Ping, the counselor, had a clever plan to retreat from the enemy, but he hesitated after hearing Chen Ping's thoughts, and the dignified Shanyu ordered thousands of troops.In the big event of the confrontation between the two armies, is it really possible to be influenced by a woman?Liu Bang felt that there was little hope. At this moment, the counselor Chen Ping saw that Liu Bang was hesitating when he was in a hurry, so he hurriedly said to Liu Bang: "Your Majesty, the old minister is willing to go out in person to ensure the success of the horse. Please make a quick decision!" Liu Bang pondered for a long time, but because he had no other good strategy, he agreed to Chen Ping. So, after careful preparations, Chen Ping and an envoy dressed up as Huns soldiers, went down the mountain quietly, mixed into the Huns camp, and came to the tent of Empress Eunuch Shanyu behind the camp. The emissary lifted up the corner of the curtain and peeped in, but Maodun was not there, only Eunuch was doing makeup in front of the mirror, so he turned around and waved to Chen Ping, and the two lifted the curtain and walked in grandly. Seeing two strangers breaking into the tent, Eunuch asked sharply, "Who are you? How dare you break into my tent?" Chen Ping bowed and said loudly: "Please calm down, the queen, we are the envoys of the emperor of the Han Dynasty, and we have come to see Shan Yu to make peace." When the eunuch heard about the envoy from the Han Dynasty, he raised his vigilance and said, "Shan Yu is not here, you may look for him in the front tent." Chen Ping bowed again, and said softly: "As ordered, it's just a gift from the emperor of the Han Dynasty to the Empress Eunuch, please look at it yourself." After finishing speaking, Chen Ping took out Huang Chengcheng from the envoy's pocket. , shiny gold and silver jewelry and some jewelry, crowns and other items. As soon as these things were placed on the dressing table of the eunuch, one could see the golden color and brilliance, which was very attractive to the eunuch who had lived in Mobei for a long time. She gently picked it up, stroked it, and watched it with. Chen Ping, who was on the side, observed his words and demeanor, and carefully pondered every move of the eunuch. Chen Ping had read countless people in his life, and based on his rich experience, he concluded that the spies' report was true, so he said just right: "Queen, we are the emperor of the Han Dynasty. I heard that Shan Yu likes beauties, so I specially selected some beauties and prepared to give them to Shan Yu. This picture of beauties was chosen to be given to Shan Yu to see how they look, so please ask the queen to take a look at it, okay?" Chen Ping said while following the envoy's hand. I took a scroll from here. The painting scroll unfolded, and the woman on the painting was extremely beautiful, extremely delicate, with eager eyes, and a variety of styles. Not to mention men, even women felt close to each other when they saw it. Eunuch Maudun liked women in the first place, but he was worried and angry, but now, after hearing what Chen Ping said, and seeing this picture of a beautiful woman with his own eyes, he immediately became jealous and thought to himself, no wonder Shan Yu always attacked and plundered the Central Plains. In this way, if he really gets this great beauty, he will still have the seat of me as the empress in the future. At this moment, Eunuch's face turns green and white for a while, and he is angry in his heart, but it is not convenient to express it in the face of the envoy of the Han Dynasty. Gritting the two rows of silver teeth tightly, staring at the dressing table in a daze, he didn't say a word. Chen Ping was very happy when he saw that the eunuch had fallen into his trick of making something out of nothing, but in order to perform the trick, Chen Ping coughed softly, slowly put away the beauty picture, and said to eunuch: "Queen, the military situation is urgent, Can you please let the people below go to the front tent, and let Shan Yu invite you to look at the gifts, and at the same time inform him of the terms of peace?" Xie Shi was stunned for a moment, and quickly said: "No need, you put the gifts here, go back for now, I will let Shan Yu retreat." Chen Ping was scheming, and he wanted to catch him. At this moment, he said to the jealous eunuch: "Queen, it is better to ask Shan Yu to talk about important military affairs in person." Eunuch gritted his silver teeth and stared, "Why, don't you trust me?" Chen Ping bowed again, showing a look of sincerity and fear: "How dare you, it's just..." Chen Ping deliberately dragged his voice out. "Go back and tell you the emperor of the Han Dynasty that Shan Yu has decided to retreat!" the eunuch said firmly. Chen Ping and the envoy stood up, hurriedly agreed with the word "yes", then quickly turned around and exited the tent, and slipped quietly into the Han camp. When Chen Ping saw Liu Bang, he couldn't help being overjoyed, and said loudly: "Thanks to Long Live Hongfu, this plan has come to fruition!" But Liu was still half-believed, tossing and turning overnight.He couldn't sleep, he didn't know if Eunuch could really be Shan Yu's master, he secretly prayed for himself in his heart. Early the next morning, Liu Bang, who had been sleepy all night, was dozing off in a daze, when his attendants suddenly reported that Mao Dun had withdrawn his troops. Liu Bang dressed in a hurry and climbed up to look again. Sure enough, the hundreds of thousands of Maodun's troops had withdrawn their tents and gone away.
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