Chapter 7 overwhelming

Sure enough, the Kuomintang Military Committee fell into Yokoyama's tricks.From the supreme head of state, Chiang Kai-shek, to the chiefs of the Sixth and Ninth War Zones, Sun Lianzhong and Xue Yue, all misjudged the Japanese attack attempt at the beginning of the battle, not only disrupting the relatively correct combat deployment that had been maintained, but also obediently being defeated by Hengshan. Yong held his nose and moved a large number of elite corps to the northwest far away from Changde. Perhaps decades later, it will be clearer to look back at the mistakes made by the national army in this battle.The following are some of Chiang Kai-shek’s personal telegrams about the Battle of Changde that the author found in the Second Historical Archives of China in Nanjing:

1. To Sun Lianzhong and others Yangdian (November 7) Immediately limited.Enshi's grandson chief, commander-in-chief of Taiping Street Wang Jingjiu: secret.Wang Jingjiu's Department of the Tenth Group Army immediately concentrated its main force to defeat the enemy advancing in the direction of Nuanshui Street, and reported the deployment and implementation.Zero manual start.Yangyou.Order one yuan. 2. A telegram to Sun Lianzhong and others (November 18) Immediately.Enshi's grandson chief, Taoyuan king's commander-in-chief Zuan Xu, and Cili's deputy commander-in-chief Yaowu: secret. (1) The enemy's offensive in this area will be reduced due to supply difficulties.Yaowu, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Wang, commanded the 74th and 100th armies, and worked in the Taifushan and Cili areas to defeat the enemy and hope to win the decisive battle. (2) For the use of the 100th Army, after the army reaches the battlefield with all its strength, choose a favorable time to strike effectively at the most painful aspects. (3) The 44th Army, in addition to dealing with the enemy in the area south of Li and Tianjin, must concentrate its main force and cooperate with the 74th Army in the area north of Taifu Mountain.middle zero.Xu 23 noon.Order one Yuansi.

1. Telegram to Xue Yuexiao (November 17) Immediately.Changsha Chief Xue: Secret.According to Commander Shi Xu's deleted telegram, he received a phone call from Commander Xue, saying that our army will open Changde and Deshan City with one division.On the side of Zhachangde, the 57th Division has already served as a garrison, and there is no need for a division of this army to open Deshan City.Except for Commander Shi who still obeys the previous order and gathers in Taoyuan, the special telegram informs.middle zero.Xu Xiaowu.make. (1102) has been.which is. Coming soon.Commander Shi of the 100th Army of the Yiyang Exploration: Xu deletes 31 telegrams.dense.On the Changde side, 57 divisions are already on defense. There is no need for a division of this army to open Deshan City. All of them obeyed the previous order and still assembled towards Taoyuan.Except for the distribution of the telegram to Chief Xue, I hope to follow it and report the arrival date.middle zero.Xu Xiaowu.Order (1102) has been made.which is.

According to these secret orders from Chiang Kai-shek, Sun Lianzhong, the acting commander of the Sixth War Zone, still deployed his troops in the posture of the battle in western Hubei, and guarded the 10th Army and the 29th Army along the south bank of the Yangtze River from Yidu to Nanxian. Between Li County and Li County.After the start of the war, heavy troops were placed in western Hubei, and the mobile troops in the Shimen area also moved northward in an attempt to flank the enemy attacking western Hubei.In Changde, there is only one division of Yu Chengwan, and even the mobilization of one division of the most elite 100th Army of the national army to reinforce it was rejected by Chiang Kai-shek.

Chongqing ignored Changde as the target of the Japanese attack. According to General Chennault's "China and Me" recollection: "On November 15, Chongqing's intelligence still reported that the enemy's stupid move was a kind of 'exercise', and it was confirmed that the enemy was powerless. Occupy Changdeyun." Even Xue Yue, the most outstanding general of the national army, thought at the time that the Japanese army was attacking from east to west, first feigning an attack on the counties by the lake, and then attacking Changsha in northern Hunan with the main force, so he stood still and waited and watched.

Now that the mistakes have been made, the heavy troops transferred by the Chinese defenders to western Hubei will not escape the doom of Heng Shanyong's powerful offensive in the first stage of encirclement and annihilation. At 5:00 pm on November 2, 1943, the 3rd, 13th, 68th, 39th, and 116th divisions of the Japanese army, as well as Sasaki, Koga, and Todo drawn from the 34th, 58th, 40th, and 65th divisions, and the 17th brigade Tian, ​​Qitian, and Miyawaki Detachment, the 44th Squadron, the main force of the 3rd Flying Division, the Poison Gas Supplies Tank Team, and Xiong Jiandong's "Yellow Guard", with a total of more than 100,000 troops, quietly waited in the afterglow of the evening sun to come from The assembled positions launched an attack.

However, it was not Isamu Yokoyama or his chief of staff, Kunio Madoka, who issued attack orders to the troops on all fronts, but a Xiangxi bandit named Peng Mingluzi. Peng called the donkey with a swollen face, wearing a leather jacket, sitting sideways on the back of a thin donkey, smoking a pot "bajibaji".Seeing that the time had come, he said to the Japanese army staff officer standing by: "The road I pointed to, each crossing is marked by broken branches, the imperial army is attacking, let's open the way!" The Japanese army staff reported to Yokoyama Isamu.

As a result, an overwhelming army of 100,000 rushed over. Mr. Huang Shengyuan recorded in "Ambition for a Thousand Years": "(Battle of Changde) was determined by the battle plan of the enemy and us. The first stage of the battle did present a one-sided posture. Moreover, because the enemy had the famous bandit Peng introduced by Zhou Nifohai Call the donkey to show the way, we can't rely on natural dangers to deal an effective blow to the enemy. Peng called the donkey once went to and from the Changde area, and he knows which places are small trails, which sections of waterways can be waded in vain, and where there is a tendency to be a passerby , Where there are obstacles of lakes, swamps, mountains and forests. Because the enemy is familiar with the terrain, it is convenient to use forest tactics, river tactics, and lake tactics. Our army loses the advantage of terrain and is surprised, cut off, surrounded, and has to suffer heavy sacrifices. "

On November 6, the 3rd Division, the 13th Division, the Sasaki Detachment, the Sutian Detachment, and the Miyawaki Detachment, including 23 infantry brigades, equipped with more than 50 mountain artillery, swooped on Nuanshui Street and opened their blood. Big mouth, ready to eat the 10th Army of the National Army captured by them here. Nuanshui Street is located on the edge of a mountain between Qingjiang, Hubei and Lishui, Hunan. Commander-in-Chief Wang Jingjiu of the 10th Group Army stationed here took advantage of the favorable terrain to deploy 45 infantry battalions on a stretch of about 90 kilometers from north to south centered on Nuanshui Street. In the mountainous area, relying on fortifications, they fought back against the Japanese army.

During the two days from November 6th to 7th, the battles were concentrated in Nuanshui Street, Qianxitan, Mataxi and other places. Due to the tenacious resistance of the defenders, the Japanese army failed to break through the defense line despite repeated attacks. At 9:00 p.m. on the 7th, Sun Lianzhong, the acting commander of the Sixth War Zone, sent a message to Wang Jingjiu, emphasizing: "The triangle area between Zha Nuanshui Street, Qianxi Beach, and Mataxi River is a strategic location in the war zone, and gains and losses are of great importance. If the officers and soldiers of the group army can stay in the area for 3 days, they will focus on rewards and encourage all ministries to complete the mission.” After receiving the order, Wang Jingjiu immediately adjusted his deployment and ordered the 6th Division of the 79th Army to temporarily defend Nuanshui Street. The 185th Division of the 66th Army ensured Qianxi Beach, the 98th Division of the 79th Army defended Mataxi, and transferred the 194th Division of the 79th Army to station near Mataxi for maneuvering.

Judging from the Nuanshui Street battle, Wang Jingjiu continued the mistakes of the Chongqing Military Commission.The Japanese army did not want to capture the territory of Nuanshui Street, but to eat or force the 10th Army to the mountainous area in western Hubei.Wang Jingjiu should immediately choose a favorable route to avoid the sharp edge of the Japanese army, but he stuck to the position and fought in the position, playing in Yokoyama's arms. In this way, the battle was carried out amidst the mistakes of the national army. The more the fight became more difficult, the more critical the situation became.In the early morning of November 8, the Chongqing Military Commission suddenly issued an order to Sun Lianzhong to organize a counterattack against the Japanese army. Enemy advancing from the street..." This is undoubtedly an act of hitting a stone with an egg, like sending the fat of the 10th Army to the mouth of the Japanese army.However, after Sun Lianzhong was ordered, he had to follow the instructions and use the 44th Army of the 29th Army to strengthen part of the 1st Division to attack the enemy at Dayanqian. The enemy entered and exited the vicinity of Jiuligang; the 15th Division attacked the enemies of Wangjiachang and Fangshiping from Xinyankou, and entered and exited Aojiazui and Bijiashan.The 10th Group Army sticks to the Nuanshuijie troops until the last person; its troops at Zhakou and Mataxi should try their best to defeat the enemy's flanks; the other two regiments attack from Yanjiaya and Liujiachanggou, and advance in Intercept the enemy's rear from behind the Ami Bridge and Fenshui Bridge.In addition, the 26th and 33rd armies were ordered to use about 1 division each to attack the enemy's weak points near Yichang and Dangyang. Wang Jingjiu is a general lacking in ideas and eager for quick success. After thinking about the will of Chairman Jiang, in order to show his determination to carry out the order, he issued an order to his troops that was even more unrealistic and almost fainted by a patient with a high fever. He asked the 79th The army "attacked the enemy in front of us, and advanced to the line of Zhangjiachang and Xizhai, took advantage of the victory to attack the public security, and regained the lost ground on the right bank of the Yangtze River."He also ordered the 66th Army to "sweep the enemy in front of us, attack the lines of Xizhai and Yangxi, take advantage of the victory to advance to Xinjiangkou, and regain the lost ground on the right bank of the Yangtze River." General Fang Jing, the commander of the 66th Army, said in his memoirs: "I received the order at the time, and I was fooled." Fang Jing is extremely talented. long.After graduation, he still served as the battalion commander of the major, while most of the other students were trainee platoon and company commanders.During the Songhu Anti-Japanese War, he served as the major general and brigade commander of the 294th Brigade of the 98th Division, and made great military exploits.When he was the commander of the 79th Army, he was famous for issuing the "four kills" order: "First, those who retreat before the battle, kill! Second, those who disturb the people without reason, kill! Third, those who gamble with officers and soldiers, kill! Fourth, Those who rape women, kill!" In February 1949, he was captured by the Chinese People's Liberation Army in Jingmen, Hubei. After 17 years of reformation, he became a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference after amnesty. He lived in the capital Beijing and wrote his memoirs all day long. He said: "But I can't help it. Soldiers take it as their bounden duty to execute orders. They know that there are tigers in the mountains, but they have to rush to the mountains to throw themselves into the tiger's mouth..." On November 9, the Japanese army preemptively launched a fierce attack on the left wing of the 66th Army, Gaoyan, Wangjiafan and other places before the national army was awake.The front of the 79th Army was also attacked by the Japanese army overwhelmingly.That night, the position of the 185th Division was destroyed by the Japanese army, and the 98th Division in Mataxi could not resist the Japanese attack, and all retreated and scattered. On the 10th, various ministries were defeated one after another. The Temporary 6th Division of the 79th Army defending Nuanshui Street was surrounded by the Japanese army and suffered heavy casualties. On the 11th, the Japanese forced the remnants of the 10th Army to retreat towards Yuyangguan in the southwest mountains, and blocked them in the mountains of Wenyangguan, Renheping, Chixihe, and Ziliangping. While the brigade's troops were under surveillance, the rest of the main force concentrated on going southward, continuing to search for and capture Changde's outlying foreign army regiments, and destroy them in a decisive battle. Sitting in the command post of Guanyin Temple, Heng Shanyong watched the battle situation nervously. Seeing that the Japanese army had successfully attacked, he grinned grinningly and tightened the noose around Changde even more.He adjusts the deployment: "1. The 13th Division set off from Xinmen Temple on November 13, captured Cili, entered the vicinity of Huangshi City, pursued the enemies in the west of Changde, and wiped them out; 2. The 3rd Division departed from Yuanling on November 13 Departing from the vicinity of the temple, firstly attacked and wiped out the main force of the enemy's 73rd Army that had entered the north of Xin'an and Shimen in the area north of Lishui River, and then passed through the vicinity of Qijiahe and Tianjiahe, entered the southwestern area of ​​Changde, and searched for the enemy's annihilation. ; 3. The Sasaki detachment, starting from near Xinyan on November 13, drew out a brigade to be attached to the 13th Division, and at the same time used the main force and the 3rd Division to annihilate the enemy in the northern area of ​​Shimen, and then passed through the vicinity of Cili to Longtan River (Huangshi City 8 kilometers to the west), ensure the key points near the place, and cover the right side of the main force of the army; 4. The 116th Division, on November 15, the main force of the division set off from the northern area of ​​Li County, and a force set off from the vicinity of Hewantai. 5. The 68th Division, after dusk on November 16, the main force of the division set off from near Yukou, crossed Dongting Lake, and annihilated Hanshou ( 6. Qitian detachment, ensure the main line near Xin'an, and cover the right side of the army." On the night of November 12, the main forces of the 3rd and 13th Divisions of the Japanese Army took advantage of the darkness to gather at Tongzixi and Linjiaqiao in the area north of Shimen, and began to encircle Shimen, preparing to wipe out the Chinese defenders in Shimen in one fell swoop. The troops stationed at Shimen are the 73rd Army of the 29th Group Army.The army governs the 15th Division, the 77th Division, and the temporary 5th Division, a total of 3 divisions. Due to the huge consumption of the Western Hubei Campaign this summer, although it has been adjusted and replenished for half a year, most of the soldiers and weapons are not in place. Therefore, The fighting power is extremely weak.When Army Commander Wang Zhibin led the temporary 5th Division Commander Peng Shiliang and the other two division commanders to Shimen, they went to inspect the position before they had time to catch their breath.When I saw it, I couldn't help but gasped.They didn't expect that in a military important place like Shimen, the previous garrison didn't even have the basic fortifications.Only a 20-kilometer-wide frontal skirmish line was dug shallowly along the line from Xin'an to Fenshuiling, but there was not even a single stronghold on the south bank of the Lishui River outside Shimen City.The right time, place and people are harmonious, and the three are not in the same place.The generals of the 73rd Army suddenly seemed helpless. At dawn on November 13, with the roar of guns, the Japanese army began to launch a fierce attack on the Xin'an, Tangfang, and Fanjiaqiao positions of the 77th Division and the 15th Division.There was fierce Japanese artillery fire in front of the 73rd Army's position, and there was Lishui behind to block the retreat. The defenders in this position seemed to be driven into a dead end and had nowhere to go.The Japanese army seized this weakness in time, divided and surrounded the divisions of the 73rd Army on the east, west, and north sides, and then used one part to break through the Lishui River to block the retreat of the 73rd Army from the south.At the same time, the Japanese army sent many small units like sharp knives to search and attack the command post of the 73rd Army. On the morning of the 14th, the Japanese army continued to attack with all their strength under the cover of aircraft artillery fire. The 73rd Army soon fell into chaos, and the communication between the military headquarters and the divisions was interrupted.At around 8 a.m., part of the 3rd Division of the Japanese Army went straight to the headquarters of the 77th Division.At noon, the Japanese army crossed the Lishui River from Yijiawan and completed the four-wall encirclement. The 73rd Army was in danger.At 3 o'clock in the afternoon, the 116th Regiment of the 13th Division of the Japanese Army invaded the command post of the 73rd Army in the northern part of Shimen City, and the military headquarters was in chaos. When Sun Lianzhong learned that the 73rd Army was about to be completely annihilated, he immediately sent a telegram to Wang Yanxu, commander-in-chief of the 29th Army, asking the 73rd Army to abandon Shimen and cross the Lishui River to break through.But at this time, the army was heavily surrounded on all sides, especially in the direction of going south to Changde. Tens of thousands of guns spewed out scorching flames, and there was no way out.At this critical moment, Commander Peng Shiliang of the 5th Temporary Division led a guard company to slash left and right to find the dispersed army commander Wang Zhibin, and said decisively to him: "Mr. Zuo, take the main force out of the city and retreat to the west. Going west, it seems that the Japanese should relax." What Peng Shiliang said was very accurate, because the Japanese army was going to drive all the national troops to the mountains in the northwest. "Then who will cover it?" Wang Zhibin asked, sweating profusely, at a loss. "I'll take the Fifth Temporary Division to cover you. Hurry up! Let's go!" Peng Shiliang yelled hoarsely while avoiding the flying bullets. Army commander Wang Zhibin had no choice but to leave the 5th Division as cover temporarily, and lead the main force to break through to the west. Wang Zhibin gained life, and Peng Shiliang gained fame. Peng Shiliang's son Peng Zijian recalled decades later: My father was born on August 5, 1906 in Yangmei Village, Liuyang, Hunan Province.Since childhood, he was gifted and intelligent, diligent and studious, and good at doing loyal, brave and chivalrous things.During elementary and middle school, he studied hard, respected teachers, united with classmates, and was deeply loved by teachers and supported by classmates.My father especially likes the national heroes Yue Fei and Wen Tianxiang in Chinese history.At that time, Hunan was one of the centers of the democratic revolution, and the ideas of the democratic revolution were widely spread in society.Influenced by revolutionary ideas, my father witnessed the corruption of the Beiyang warlord government, the people's lives were miserable, and the imperialist forces were rampant in China, and the revolutionary idea of ​​overthrowing the warlords and saving the country and the people gradually sprouted. In the autumn of 1924, my father was admitted to Hubei Mingde University to study in accordance with his grandfather's will.After graduation, he returned to his hometown to teach.Later, when he heard the news that Mr. Sun Yat-sen had launched the Eastern Expedition to attack Chen Jiongming in Guangzhou and planned to send his army to the Northern Expedition to eliminate the imperialist lackeys of the Beiyang warlords, he was very excited, so he decided to join the army and participated in the revolution.So, he repeatedly explained the truth to his grandfather, persuaded him, and embarked on a journey to the Guangzhou revolutionary base. In Guangzhou, he was admitted to the fourth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. After graduation, he was assigned to serve in the 10th Division of the Army. He served as platoon leader, company commander, and battalion commander.He led his troops well, with clear rewards and punishments, and he took the lead in every battle. He was extremely brave and famous for his bravery and skill in battle.In leading the army to participate in the various battles of the Jiangxi battlefield of the Northern Expedition, he has repeatedly made military exploits and defeated Sun Chuanfang's army several times.Especially in the fortified battle on the Nanxun line, he personally led the army to charge and defeat the superior Sun Chuanfang's army, making contributions to ensuring that the main force wiped out the enemy.Later, because his father worked hard and managed the army well, he was transferred to the 31st Division of the Army as the deputy head. In 1932, my father was admitted to the Army University for further study in the eleventh period.While in school, he studied various military professional courses seriously, participated in various military exercises and sand table operations, and further improved his military command ability.At this time, the Japanese imperialists launched the "September 18th" Incident, and they were advancing towards North China step by step, threatening to destroy China. My father, seeing the country's nation in danger, was filled with righteous indignation and advocated fighting against Japan in order to defend the country and serve the nation and the country. , which fully expresses his patriotic stance of loving the motherland and being irreconcilable with the Japanese invaders. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, my father resolutely went to the front line of the Anti-Japanese War, regardless of personal safety, and made many military exploits.In the battles in western Hubei and northern Hunan, he led the army to repel the Japanese attack many times. In 1942, he was transferred to the deputy commander of the 5th Division of the 73rd Army, and was promoted to division commander in May of the following year.My father ruled the crowd, lenient and strict, and was deeply loved by his subordinates. He was especially famous for his wisdom and bravery. He achieved brilliant results in various battles by the lake. As his son said, Peng Shiliang was indeed a brave warrior.After Wang Zhibin led the 15th Division and the 77th Division to break through to the west, at dawn on the 13th, the Japanese army launched a fierce attack. Peng Shiliang led his troops to resist desperately, and the two sides fell into a state of melee. On the 14th, the Japanese army sent additional reinforcements, and the offensive became more ferocious, especially in the northern areas of Bijia Mountain, Dajian Mountain, and Sunjia Mountain.The Japanese army rushed to the battlefield several times to fight hand-to-hand with the officers and soldiers of the 5th Temporary Division. Peng Shiliang personally went to the front line to supervise the battle.In the evening, the enemy intensified their siege, the city was bombed, the flames were burning, the temporary 5th division suffered all casualties, and the ruins of the position were on the verge of destruction.At dawn on the 15th, Peng Shiliang gathered the few remaining troops and counterattacked to the western suburbs of Shimen, trying to regain a position to serve as a foothold.When approaching the gate of Nanyan, south of Xin'an, several enemy planes circled at low altitude, spotted the traces of the Chinese army, dropped heavy bombs, and strafed with machine guns. With a dull sound of "Boom -", Peng Shiliang fell into the rubble. "Master! Master!" The guard rushed forward and hugged him and shouted. But Peng Shiwei was shot several times in the body, and it was impossible to save him.When he was dying, he glared and said: "A man who is loyal to the country and filial to the nation, why do you hate this." After speaking, he died heroically for the country. Peng Shiliang was the first general killed by the national army in the Changde Battle.When burying the body of the 37-year-old general, he found a will in his military pocket, which read: I have devoted myself to the revolution, and I have been thinking about it for a long time. I have long been determined to sacrifice to serve the party and the country. I am ordered to guard Shimen. In this battle, if there is benevolence, there will be no regrets.I only hope that all my officers and soldiers will obey the command of the deputy division commander, continue to kill the enemy and complete the task.Yu is honest and self-sufficient, and does not care about property. I hope that my wife will be self-sufficient, frugal to live, treat Wenggu well, and raise children so that I can educate them and succeed Yu Zhi. In recognition of Peng Shiliang's spirit of sacrificing to save the country, the national government posthumously awarded him the rank of lieutenant general.Peng Shiliang's bones were transported to Zhongshan Hall in Changsha in May 1944. A public sacrifice was held on the 14th, and the citizens mourned.Wang Bingcheng, mayor of Changsha City, officiated, and Wen Jing, director of military affairs of the provincial government, paid homage.After the sacrifice, the coffin is sent to Nanyue for burial, and there are road sacrifices in all the towns it passes through. In 1984, the Changsha Municipal People's Government ratified Peng Shiliang as a revolutionary martyr. The 29th Army of the National Army summed up the Battle of Shimen after the war. The 73rd Army lost 80% of its troops and was close to being wiped out. On the 15th, after Shimen fell, Chiang Kai-shek also gave an order to Sun Lianzhong, the acting commander-in-chief of the Sixth War Zone: "Shimen is related to the overall outcome of the war. I hope you will report to the headquarters. You must stick to it." After a moment of silence, Sun Lianzhong knew that he could no longer hide the situation of the battle, so he had to Report the fact that the 73rd Army was annihilated and Shimen changed hands. The Chongqing Military Commission suddenly shrouded in a dark cloud. In the command post of the Japanese 11th Army at Guanyin Temple in Shashi, Chief of Staff Jiang Kunxiong took the Shimen battle telegram and came to report to Isamu Yokoyama with unconcealed joy. Heng Shanyong, who was sitting on the master chair, said "huh", then got up and walked to the inner room.While walking, he said: "Don't come to me anymore, I'm going to rest now. Wait until Yan Yongwang knocks on the door of Changde, and then report to me." After speaking, he closed the door. He is completely relieved of the situation on the front line. On the 18th, the main force of the 13th Division of the Japanese Army and the Toda Detachment, about 20,000 to 30,000 people, equipped with more than 60 mountain artillery pieces, assembled from Shimen to the area near the west of Cili, and then rushed south to attack the 74th Army that had just arrived on the battlefield. The army surrounded.At the same time, another part attacked Cili County.That morning, Cili fell. On the 19th, the Japanese army near Cili launched a fierce attack on the front of the 74th Army, the most elite "Anti-Japanese Iron Army" of the national army, with five regiments and the cooperation of aircraft artillery fire.At that time, there was only Zhang Lingfu's 58th Division defending the vicinity of Cili. No matter how many soldiers or weapons they had, they were far inferior to the Japanese army. It was almost impossible to win the battle under such conditions.Originally, the 100th Army had been temporarily assigned to the command of Wang Yaowu, deputy commander-in-chief of the 29th Army Group and commander of the 74th Army, but the Military Commission cherished this newly created "treasure". They were used separately, and Chiang Kai-shek personally issued an instruction: "After the army reaches the battlefield with all its strength, choose a favorable time to strike the most painful part of the Japanese army effectively." Therefore, although Wang Yaowu faced difficulties, he did not dare to use the 100th Army. "Grandma's! I'm fighting with Little Japan!" Zhang Lingfu clenched his fists in the command post. Who is Zhang Lingfu?Zhang Lingfu was the "ever victorious general" who Chiang Kai-shek was proud of during the War of Liberation and was portrayed as almost mythical.He later served as the commander of the reorganized 74th Division. He once boasted that if you give me 10 such divisions, I can fight all over China. This is a very personal character. In 1934, Zhang Lingfu served as the lieutenant colonel of the 1st Regiment of the Independent Brigade under Hu Zongnan, stationed in northern Shaanxi.When he was in Guangyuan, he was introduced and married Wu Hailan, a girl from Sichuan.Wu is not only beautiful, but also virtuous, decent, and reasonable.Colleagues are envious of Zhang Lingfu's good luck. One day, Zhang Lingfu saw a colleague visiting relatives and returning to the army, so he asked, "Did you see my wife?" The colleague made a joke that he regretted all his life: "I see, at the entrance of the movie theater, your wife is wearing a cheongsam. There is also a young man , in suits and leather shoes, the two of you can be very affectionate." Zhang Lingfu is a very serious person with strong self-esteem, and when he heard that his wife was "unfaithful", he was so angry that he couldn't even speak, and he was depressed for several days, and his temper became more and more serious. The rougher you are, the more you scold whoever you see.He thinks this is an intolerable shame, but he directly proposes a divorce because he is afraid of becoming the laughing stock of his colleagues.Later, he asked Hu Zongnan for leave, went home with a pistol, tried his best to restrain his feelings, and said to his wife: "I haven't eaten dumplings for a long time, please make me dumplings!" Wu Hailan After hearing this, he readily went to the vegetable field to cut leeks.Zhang Lingfu followed behind, and when his wife had just squatted down to cut leeks, he pulled out a pistol and shot his wife in the back of the head, causing her to fall to the ground.After he shot and killed Wu Hailan, he returned to the army without making a sound or burying the body. After Zhang Lingfu's innocent shooting of his wife came out, Wu Hailan's family appealed to the court, but the court rejected the case.Later, under the strong appeal of people from all walks of life, Xi'an Women's Association came forward, and Wu Hailan's family wrote a complaint again, which was transferred to Soong Meiling in Nanjing by Mrs. Zhang Xueliang, strongly demanding that the murderer be severely punished, justice for women, and women's rights upheld.Chiang Kai-shek was very angry after reading Yu Fengzhi's letter, and said: "Mother Xipi! Don't live up to it!" Immediately ordered Hu Zongnan to send Zhang Lingfu to Nanjing, and he will be imprisoned and punished. Hu Zongnan regarded Zhang Lingfu as a confidant, and he was neither tied nor escorted, and he went to Nanjing alone.All the way through Luoyang, Zhengzhou, Xuzhou and other places, because of the low travel expenses, I was empty after walking less than half the distance.At this time, Zhang Lingfu was not willing to beg, so he sold calligraphy to get out of the predicament.He imitated Yu Youren's handwriting to practice handwriting since he was a child, and he never stopped writing after he joined the army, so he could write well.At that time, the signboards of many shops in Nanjing were all created by him.This time, every time he walked a certain distance, he bought rice paper from the market town to write a few pictures, walked and sold all the way.After arriving in Nanjing, he asked to see Chiang Kai-shek, but Chiang refused to see him and put him in a "model prison".He said in a letter to his friend: "Being a prisoner of Chu for killing his wife and family." After the "Marco Polo Bridge Incident" broke out, China and Japan went to war, and the Nanjing Kuomintang government ordered that all officers and soldiers serving sentences, except for "political prisoners", be transferred to military service, perform crimes and make meritorious deeds, and retain their original military ranks.Wang Yaowu, who used to be the commander of Zhang Lingfu's battalion, pleaded with Chiang Kai-shek: "Zhang Zhonglin is very capable in combat. Now that the War of Resistance requires cadres, it is better to let him come out to commit crimes and make meritorious deeds." I will leave it to you, educate him well, and let him be a good man again." Immediately, Zhang Lingfu was secretly released, and returned to the 74th Army's 5th Division Commander Wang Yaowu as a colonel and waiter, and changed his original name Zhang Zhonglin to Zhang Lingfu (Lingfu was originally for words). Just think about it, how can Zhang Lingfu, who is covered with medals, swallow the anger of being beaten up by the little Japanese devils?When mobilizing the entire division, he said: "We must not only fight the Japanese devils with courage, but also with wits. The enemy's weapons are sophisticated and their firepower is stronger than ours. This is their advantage, but they fight in foreign countries and travel long distances. Short of food and ammunition, they can't last long, which is their weakness. But we are familiar with the terrain, flexible and flexible, and we must target their vital strikes!" On the 20th, after a day and night of fighting, Zhang Lingfu commanded the 58th Division, relying on terrain and position bunkers, to fight calmly, and the Japanese army did not advance an inch.Seeing that the officers and soldiers were very tired, he replaced the troops to rest.He didn't dare close his eyes, thinking that the Japanese army's frontal attack failed, and they might come to "rob the village" at night.So he ordered the 173rd Regiment as a reserve team to allocate a battalion to ambush to prevent the enemy from "stealing the camp".In the middle of the night, it turned out that a regiment of the Japanese army disguised themselves as plainclothes troops attacked from the left side of Yangjiao Mountain.After the sentry saw through, the battalion immediately went into battle and wiped out most of the enemy. In this way, Zhang Lingfu commanded the 58th Division to prevent the Japanese army from attacking again and again, and had a stalemate with the 13th Division of the famous Japanese general Chiluli for 5 days.Afterwards, various Chinese newspapers and periodicals reported that Rishi Chika died in this battle, and the Kuomintang war history works followed this statement decades later, but the Japanese side has always maintained a non-commentary attitude. There is no Chiluli in the list of generals.In fact, Chilu Li did not die in the war. Until the 22nd, as the casualties of the 58th Division began to increase, and the right-wing troops had been divided and surrounded by the Japanese army, the situation was critical. In order to avoid repeating the mistakes of the 73rd Army on the Shimen Battlefield, Wang Yaowu shouted loudly in Shandong dialect, urgently ordering Zhang Lingfu to report to Qimen. Home River Southwest Retreat. Zhang Lingfu withdrew from the battlefield in tears, he felt that this battle was really useless! But later it proved that it was not easy for him to escape from the battlefield and escape from the clutches of Isamu Yokoyama. This is exactly where he is so clever. The second general of the national army who died on the battlefield of Changde was Xu Guozhang. Forty years later, there is also a Xu Guozhang whose name is exactly the same as the general who died in the battle, and has become a household name in the "going abroad craze" in mainland China.He is a famous professor of Beijing Foreign Studies University. The English textbooks compiled by him are the "only way" for every student studying abroad to pass the customs.Through this Xu Guozhang, tens of thousands of Chinese men and women in high spirits crossed the ocean and arrived in Japan, the United States, Australia... While the Japanese army was attacking Shimen and Cili, the 3rd Division dispatched a capable force to cross the Lishui River to Zoushi and Taoyuan. On the 21st, after 16 Japanese aircrafts bombed and strafed Taoyuan, they dropped more than 60 paratroopers and cooperated with the ground troops to attack. Taoyuan was quickly occupied by the Japanese.The place where Tao Yuanming "sees Nanshan leisurely" has become a sea of ​​swords and flames. At this time, the headquarters of the 150th Division of the National Army was located near Zoushi, the eastern suburb of Taoyuan. After hearing the news, the division commander Xu Guozhang immediately ordered the troops to build simple fortifications and stick there.In fact, he had no choice but to stand firm and resist, because he had no way to retreat and was surrounded by Japanese troops in all directions.He personally inspected the front line, and solemnly said to the soldiers: "The time has come for us to do our best for the country. The enemy from the Qijiahe side is approaching Zoushi, and Taoyuan County is on fire. In Yuanshui, there is no ferry, and the climate is cold. Rather than being insulted, killed, or drowned by the Japanese invaders, it is far more honorable to fight for the country on the front line until death. Today, I will never leave the position , here is my grave." When the Japanese army rushed to the position like a tide, Xu Guozhang personally led the division staff to shoot at the enemy with a rifle. Unfortunately, he was shot twice and bled profusely. Shock several times.The soldiers mistakenly believed that he was killed in battle, and the situation on the front line was extremely urgent, so they sent people to transport him back to the south bank of the Yuan River to prepare to break out.At 4 o'clock in the morning, Xu Guozhang woke up. He learned that the position was lost, the Japanese army had occupied Zou City, and the 150th Division was almost wiped out. You did me harm by transporting me across the river!" After saying that, he passed out again.When he woke up again, he touched the guard pistol sleeping next to him, and resolutely raised the gun to commit suicide, serving the country with death, and died heroically. Xu Guozhang, courtesy name Xianshi, was born in a poor peasant family in Chengdu, Sichuan Province in 1897. He was smart and studious since he was a child, and he was familiar with history books. In 1917, Mr. Sun Yat-sen led the French Protectorate against the Beiyang warlords. Xu Guozhang immediately abandoned literature and joined the military service in the 2nd Division of the Sichuan Army.In the battle, he was brave and made many achievements. He was appreciated by the officials. He was promoted to a military officer and sent to the Hechuan Military Officer Training Institute of the 2nd Division for further study.He studied hard in the training institute, trained hard, systematically studied military knowledge, and graduated with honors. Xu Guozhang believed in Buddhism and often listened to the lectures of eminent monks. He once said: "The purpose of the Buddha is to help people become Buddhas and save all living beings from suffering. As a professional soldier, it is more important to protect the country and save the people." In 1929, Xu Guozhang defected to Liu Xiang's 21st Army, was appreciated by Liu Xiang, and was sent to the 21st Army's "Officer Research Class" for further study. In 1935, Xu Guozhang was promoted to the head of the 21st Army, 3rd Division, 9th Brigade, and 25th Regiment. After the "September 18th" Incident in 1931, Xu Guozhang hated that the fierce Sichuan Army could not fight the Japanese invading army. He said to his subordinates that the Japanese cavalry, Across the Yellow River, north and south, the Japanese army and ronin are rampant in the Songhu area. We must practice our military skills well, and when we have a chance in the future, we will meet the Japanese bandits. In July 1937, the Sino-Japanese War broke out in an all-round way. Xu Guozhang was full of enthusiasm and asked to fight many times. In March 1938, Wang Yanxu, chairman of the Sichuan Provincial Government, established the 29th Army in Chengdu. Wang served as the commander-in-chief, under the jurisdiction of the 44th and 67th Army. The ministries were concentrated in Wanxian, Chongqing, Rongyang and other places. Landing in Lanxi, Hubei.The Sichuan army went out to fight in Sichuan, and the whole country was excited.At that time, Xu Guozhang was the major general of the 483rd Brigade of the 161st Division of the 67th Army.Before leaving, he said to his family: "I came out of Sichuan to fight the war, and I have already lived in the country. You are in the rear, your wife must live a thrifty life, and your son must study hard. In addition to the salary you deserve every month, I ask you to work hard on your own. As for me, I hope you don't miss it. " Xu Guozhang, who has already promised the country, has fulfilled his promise. People from all walks of life in Sichuan Province held a grand memorial service at the Martyr’s Shrine in Chengdu. Pan Wenhua, deputy director of the Chuankang Appeasement Office, presided over the memorial service and wrote an elegiac couplet to honor the martyrs: Great loyalty and great filial piety, putting the country and nation first, frequently preached that the Taoist soldiers fought hard to recover the famous city and destroy the enemy; After succeeding and becoming benevolent, Zhong Bichen went away, Yuanzhao Suiyang was ordered, and he stayed in Xiaoxiang for a long time. After the meeting, Xu Guozhang's body was sent back to Chengdu for burial. In recognition of his anti-Japanese war exploits, the Nationalist Government posthumously awarded Xu Guozhang the rank of lieutenant general. In 1984, the Sichuan Provincial People's Government ratified Xu Guozhang as a revolutionary martyr. After the Japanese army broke through the defense line of the Chinese army, they were basically divided into two major operations.On the one hand, the 3rd and 13th Divisions and other departments attacked the mountainous areas to the west along Nuanshui Street, Shimen, Cili, Taoyuan, etc.; on the other hand, the 116th and 68th Divisions attacked the east Binhu area.After the 68th Division captured Anxiang on November 7, it quietly moved down the Lishui River to Niubitan in the southeast of Changde City.The whereabouts of the 116th Division under the leadership of Yan Yongwang are even more secretive. On November 9, it suddenly turned westward from the Hongmiao area and attacked the 44th Army of the National Army in the area north of Jin City, as if it did not covet Changde at all. intention of. On November 10, the 116th Division of the Japanese Army began a fierce battle with the 44th Army that was deployed on the front lines of Tianjin and Li. On the 15th, Tsu City was trapped.驻守在澧县城的第161师和防御在石龟山的第162师，均与日军发生激烈战斗，日军在飞机的配合下，倚仗优势炮火，向阵地发动一次又一次的猛攻，守军阵地夷为平地，伤亡惨重，被迫后撤，17日，澧县失守。 战后，第44军军长王泽浚因为战绩平庸，而受到各方的指责。他指挥的部队不堪一击，迅速崩溃瓦解，使人联想到他在鄂西会战时，防守南县、安乡时的狼狈尴尬。当时日军开始包围时，第44军部队东冲西窜，想夺路逃命，但是已来不及了。于是他们在萧家湾争先恐后地抢渡过河，有的卸下铺家住户的门板，有的寻找树条当做渡河工具，结果因渡河而被淹死打死的不知多少。大多数没有来得及逃跑的官兵三五成群，将轻重武器任意丢在德伏、全固、连续等内湖和其它沟港河汊里，拦路抢夺老百姓的衣服，给自己穿上逃命。 直到上世纪80年代，当地农民在挖粪凼、修路开港、整堤筑坝时，还挖出过第44军的不少枪支。有的农民在连子港外河打鱼，也多次捞起过枪支、手榴弹。现在还保存在厂窖人民武装部里的一挺捷克造轻机枪，就是1964年冬积肥运动中，社员在全固湖里挖出的。 王泽浚的指挥能力是差了点火候，但要说他是放着胜仗没打赢，倒也不是这么回事。张灵甫都败溃而去，王泽浚能顶得住吗？再说，他也的确拉着队伍跟岩永旺的116师团打了几次恶仗。 胡马纵横澧水边，倭头未尽懒升天。 昨宵又得从军乐，横枕沙场骼髅眠。 这首诗，是黄埔第16期女生总队毕业生周秋琼中尉，担任女兵连连长时率女兵参加津市之战时的战地作品。 1938年冬，周秋琼跟儿子黄天一起去报考黄埔军校。报名时，衡阳招生区负责人田指导员对她说：“你已39岁，超过了年龄，不能报考。”周秋琼含泪指着儿子说：“他是我的独生子，9个月时失去父亲，我吃尽千辛万苦，把他拉大成人，难道我舍得把他送到血肉横飞的战场上去吗？天下兴亡，匹夫有责，我今天既送子参军，我也同时报考，共起图难，你忍心拒我于报国门外吗？” 田指导员被感动了，于是周秋琼母子都被录取。在分队时，母亲分在第16期女生总队，受训地点在江西雩都，学战场救护，儿子分在16期2第总队，受训地点在四川铜梁，学步兵。1940年元月，他们同时毕业，在毕业典礼上，校长蒋介石发的蓉厅爱字第256号嘉奖令说：“母子从军同学，共起图难，夙世楷模，殊堪嘉奖。” 毕业后，周秋琼被分在第44军，任该军政治部中尉干事，驻守津市。后来，周秋琼不愿在办公室工作，要求下连队、上战场，并向该军政治部主任提出除随军家眷外，并广招流亡女青年组成女兵连参加抗战，共同保国。这项建议，立即得到军长王泽浚的嘉许，并交付实施。1943年元月，女兵连正式成立，直属军部，周秋琼被任命为连长，从事军事训练。 津市战斗前，周秋琼写信给儿子，说：“吾儿知悉，常德战争，一触即发，系我母子，既以身许国，勿以安危系念。母如马革裹尸，志所愿也，希继承吾保国之志，激励士卒奋勇杀敌，是所愿也。” 战斗中，周秋琼率女兵连在火线拼杀，表现极为英勇顽强。阵地被日军突破时，她们巾帼不让须眉，打开枪刺，与敌兵白刃交锋。周秋琼吟诗自励，兼励所属女兵，直至腿部负重伤仍指挥女兵连抗击日军冲锋，后实在支撑不住，才被抢救到129兵站医院医治。 第44军能有这样的女兵连长和女兵战士，说明恶战中他们的士气不会低，他们绝不会是一支败溃之军。 战争风云变幻无穷，我们不能单纯以胜败来论英雄。 日军第68师团及户田支队，于11月7日攻陷安乡后，即乘汽艇沿澧水南下，向常德东南重镇汉寿(龙阳)进犯。9日，日军主力进达武圣宫、肖家湾、曾家坳、堤工局附近，与国军第99军197师竞战数日。17日国军退守南嘴、西港、下窖一带。18日，国军汽艇30余艘，步兵600余人，分由西城障、黑鱼港水陆夹击。19日陷西港。22日，敌继以千余兵力分两路：一由高岸嘴登陆，直开进港口；一路由牛路滩、马家傅，急袭泡港。国军第197师的尹贤连团竭力支撑，血战入暮，终因众寡悬殊，日军突入汉寿城。 至此，日军突破东南西北四面防线，往前便是地面广阔，一马平川，无险可守，在强劲的西北风中，日军大炮兵戈直指常德。