Chapter 137 These miracles, thanks to a logistical wizard

Hong Xuezhi, the only Chinese general who was awarded the rank of general twice. Chairman Mao Zedong of the Central Military Commission awarded him the rank of general in 1955, and Chairman Deng Xiaoping of the Central Military Commission awarded him the rank of general again in 1988. It is not only unique among Chinese soldiers, but also unheard of in the military history of the world that a soldier has been awarded the title of general twice. This is an affirmation of General Hong Xuezhi's military contribution, and it is also a high recognition of his excellent logistics creativity of the Volunteers in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

He was originally a cowherd boy in the Dabie Mountains, and later became a senior general under Lin Biao's command. He is a man with a tough life, and has survived many catastrophes. As early as during the Civil Revolutionary War, in a battle, two company commanders died one after another, and he was ordered to serve as the company commander when he was in danger.When charging, the enemy's bullet hit the lobe of the lung, and blood gushed out.After the battle was won, the chief medical officer of the enemy army who was captured rescued him from the death line. During the Long March, he caught typhoid once and was unconscious all the time.Seeing that the chief's life was in danger, the guard shot himself to death first.His secretary-general also died suddenly due to lack of oxygen in the mountains.But he survived the catastrophe and was rescued by an old Chinese doctor in his 70s.

In September 1945, as the deputy division commander, he and Huang Kecheng led the anti-Japanese athletes of the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army into the northeast and participated in the famous battles of Tieling, Changtu, Jinshanpu and Siping. As a soldier, from Hubei, Henan and Anhui to northern Shaanxi, from northern Shaanxi to Jinchaji, from Jinchaji to northern Jiangsu, from northern Jiangsu to the edge of Heilongjiang, and from the edge of Heilongjiang to Hainan Island, fighting in the north and fighting in the south. In August 1950, Hong Xuezhi, then deputy commander and chief of staff of the 15th Corps, went to Beijing to report under the order of Ye Jianying.After arriving in Beijing, he received instructions from the Military Commission and rushed to the Northeast to resist US aggression and aid Korea.

Most of the telegrams Mao Zedong sent to the volunteers began with "Peng Deng, Hong Han Jie Du", and Hong Xuezhi played an irreplaceable role for others... After the signing of the armistice agreement, the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea awarded Peng Dehuai the title of "Hero of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea", the First Class National Flag Medal, and the Gold Star Medal. Boss Peng said emotionally after awarding the honor: "If you want to award an honor, I say it should be awarded to two pockmarks, the front should be awarded to Hong Mazi, and the rear should be awarded to Gao (gang) pockmarked..."

It was Peng Dehuai who discovered that Hong Xuezhi had logistics management skills. The horse's Bole is Zhou Enlai. At the beginning of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the Volunteer Army did not have a special logistics command organization, and had no concept of modern logistics, a new thing.The Volunteer Army is still the same as the three major battles of the War of Liberation, with carts and shoulders and primitive logistics.At that time, the front line was near the Yalu River, the number of troops was small, and the logistics were relatively easy. As the front line extended to the 38th parallel, as the number of volunteers increased significantly, the demand for armaments increased greatly.Coupled with the crazy bombing of the Americans, the volunteer army faced great difficulties in logistical supply.

In this way, the Chinese army began the exploration of modern logistics. After the fifth battle started, the preparations for the front line were tense and busy. At this time, Peng Dehuai arranged for Hong Xuezhi to return to China and report to Premier Zhou Enlai, the head of the Chinese Volunteer Army, on the logistics supply of the million-strong army. Zhou Enlai summoned Hong Xuezhi.Prime Minister Zhou Enlai, Bole Xiangma, personally inspected Hong Xuezhi to see if he was qualified to be the commander of the Volunteer Army's rear service command to be established soon, and to be the family.

At that time, Hong Xuezhi was still in the dark. Hong Xuezhi reported to the Prime Minister: Enemy planes shifted from general bombing to specifically destroying transportation lines.The number of enemy planes increased from more than 1,000 to more than 2,000, and the enemy also dispatched a large number of special agents to sneak into the rear of our volunteers and instruct the target to bomb... The air defense force of the Volunteer Army is almost zero.The road transportation line is hundreds of kilometers long, and the railway is thousands of kilometers long, waiting to be bombed, without temper.

The soldiers of the Volunteer Army have three fears: one is that there will be no food to eat, the other is that there will be no bullets to hit them, and the third is that they will not be able to carry them down after being injured. After Hong Xuezhi introduced the difficulties in the logistics of the Volunteers, he concluded: From the Korean War, Mr. Peng and we have gradually realized the role of logistics in modern warfare.Modern warfare is a three-dimensional war, with a wide range of battlefields, rapid changes in the situation, and a large consumption of manpower and material resources.The war is fought not only in the front, but also in the rear.Now, if the United States can't win the front, it will carry out full-control bombing of our rear. In fact, it is a war fought in our rear.Only by winning this rear war can we better guarantee our victory in the front war.

The logistics must adapt to this feature. We hope that the Military Commission will send us additional air defense troops, communications troops, railway troops, engineering troops, and many other arms for joint operations. Moreover, it is necessary to establish the leading organization of the rear war - the rear service command, so as to unify the command of the joint operations of all arms in the rear war and fight in support. Zhou Enlai is so wise. In Hong Xuezhi's well-informed introduction and analysis, he felt that Hong Xuezhi had wisdom, brains, and great talents. Before leaving, Zhou Enlai asked Hong Xuezhi to represent the Volunteer Army, put on new clothes, go to Tiananmen Square on May Day, and be interviewed by Mao Zedong...

In the society, there are quite a few personnel who do a good job, but they belong to the passive executive type. They do things every day, superficially every day, and do not conduct in-depth research on the internal laws of doing things. General Hong Xuezhi's logistical thinking is worth learning. Hong Xuezhi rushed back to North Korea. The Volunteer Army Command held a meeting to discuss the selection of the logistics commander. At that time, Hong Xuezhi only wanted to command soldiers to fight, not logistics. Peng Dehuai made it clear, let Hong Xuezhi do it. When Hong Xuezhi heard this, he shrank aside and remained silent.

Peng Dehuai: "If you don't do it, who will!" Boss Peng didn't allow pushback, and his stubborn temper broke out. Hong Xuezhi was also anxious: "Send someone!" At this time, Peng Dehuai's face was already stretched. Peng Dehuai asked patiently, "Who to send?" Hong Xuezhi mentioned Li Jukui and Zhou Chunquan.At this time, they served as the political commissar and minister of the logistics department of the Northeast Military Region respectively, and they were the old logistics of the Chinese army. They are in the country, doing logistics for the Volunteer Army. Peng Dehuai shook his head: "The domestic tasks are very heavy, and they mainly take care of that end." "You don't want to do it? All right! You don't have to do it anymore!" Peng Dehuai suddenly raised his voice. Hong Xuezhi was taken aback, and asked in a low voice, "Then who will do it?" Peng Dehuai yelled: "I'll do it! You go to command the troops!" Hong Xuezhi: "Boss, what you say is the general's words." Hong Xuezhi often plays chess with Peng Dehuai. Peng Dehuai: "Will I lead your army, or will you lead my army?" Peng Dehuai refused to let go. In this way, amidst Peng Dehuai's loud roar, Hong Xuezhi became the logistics commander of the Volunteer Army by driving the ducks to the shelves. If you do this, you will do it creatively and brilliantly; By doing this, everyone will be surprised and opponents will be convinced; This made him the only Minister of General Logistics of the Chinese army who has been awarded the title of general twice; In this way, the unique logistics supply system of the Chinese army has been established... The U.S. military carried out a "strangling war", and Hong Xuezhi commanded the first joint logistics battle of the Chinese army. In this war, the railway troops, engineering troops, transportation troops, public security troops, anti-aircraft artillery, aviation troops, depot warehouses, and hospitals behind the Volunteer Army worked closely together to bring the wisdom of the Chinese to the extreme, fighting wits with the U.S. Air Force on thousands of miles of transportation fight bravely. At the ends of the Xiqingchuan River Bridge, East Datong River Bridge, and Dongboliujiang Bridge that were destroyed by floods or blown up by enemy planes, the Volunteers gathered more than 1,000 vehicles to transport 2,000 wagons of supplies to the front line repeatedly. , To ensure that the road is broken and the bridge is broken, and the transportation is uninterrupted. This is the famous "Inverted Three Rivers" in the history of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea! "Inverting the Three Rivers" played a key role in ensuring the combat effectiveness of the volunteer army during the most difficult period when the Volunteer Army's logistics suffered from natural disasters and enemy attacks. Of course, the local methods introduced earlier have also been invented one by one. The outspoken opponent, the United States Air Force spokesman, said approvingly: "The Communist Party not only has almost unlimited manpower, but also has considerable construction power. The Communist Army has demonstrated incredible technology in bypassing the destroyed railway bridges and determination!"