Chapter 175 Chapter 20 Anti-"crusade" in autumn and winter: arduous hardships, defeating the strong with the weak

The anti-Japanese armed struggle of the people in Northeast China is an integral part of the National Anti-Japanese War.As Mao Zedong said in his article "On the Coalition Government": "The Chinese people's war of resistance against Japan developed on a tortuous road. This war started in 1931. On September 18, 1931, The Japanese invaders occupied Shenyang and occupied the three northeastern provinces within a few months. The Kuomintang government adopted a policy of non-resistance. However, the people of the three northeastern provinces, and part of the patriotic troops in the three northeastern provinces, under the leadership or assistance of the Chinese Communist Party, violated the Kuomintang The will of the government formed the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army and the Anti-Japanese Allied Army in the three northeastern provinces to engage in heroic guerrilla warfare.”

From this, we can say that China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression first started from the Northeast.In this way, until the end of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, the Anti-Japanese War in Northeast China had lasted for 14 years.During these 14 years, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army and the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces have made great contributions to the fight against the Japanese army, and at the same time made great sacrifices. On July 7, 1937, Japanese imperialism launched a full-scale war of aggression against China.In the following 8 years, the Japanese army committed all kinds of heinous crimes against our anti-Japanese coalition forces and the people of the Northeast in Northeast China. Bacterial research institutions such as "Unit 731" and "Unit 100 of Manchuria". "Unit 731" also set up branches in Hailar, Linkou, Sunwu, Mudanjiang and other places, and inhumanely carried out bacterial tests on the prisoners of the Anti-Japanese War and the masses, resulting in the brutal killing of thousands of people.

The predecessor of Unit 731 was the so-called "Gamo Unit" established by the Japanese army on the banks of the Beiyin River at Sanchakou, Wuchang County, Northeast China in 1933. The commander of the unit was Shiro Ishii, a military doctor. Shiro Ishii was born in a landlord family in Kamo, Chiyodamura, Sanbu County, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. He graduated from the Medical School of Kyoto University as a student dispatched by the Army and became a military doctor.He is a stubborn, cunning, ambitious man with no conscience.He once yelled at the students of the military medical school: "Is there anyone who works with me? Is there anyone who can die for me?" He used this to recruit subordinates who would serve as his minions.

In the summer of 1934, the "Kamo Troop" moved to Nangang Temple in the suburbs of Harbin.In this year, the most important tools of bacterial weapons were also manufactured, and culture tanks were mass-produced. Based on the acquisition of the franchise and monopoly of Songfeng Water Filter Manufacturing Company, a "sanitary water filter" that is indispensable for bacterial warfare was created. .Soon, the necessary equipment in the poisoning work - "toxicity measuring machine" was designed. On July 7, 1937, Japanese militarists invaded China's customs.At this time, the fascists in the Japanese military headquarters felt more and more necessary to use bacterial weapons as powerful weapons to invade China and the Soviet Union.Therefore, Shijing forcibly occupied 2 square kilometers of arable land centered on Zhenghuangqitun, about 4 kilometers north of Pingfang Station, as the construction site for the barracks, and drove 180 households and 800 people from Zhenghuangqi village to live in the west.Under the guidance of the Military Supply Department of the Kwantung Army, thousands of Chinese working people were enslaved, and a "bacteria manufacturing factory" was built on a large scale.

The exterior works were completed in 1937 and entered the stage of interior works in 1938. In order to prevent the secrets of the troops from leaking out, Ishii envoyed his relative from the same hometown, Shigeru Suzuki, who is in the civil engineering and construction industry, to do everything. The more than 500 service personnel used were also recruited from his hometown of Chiba Prefecture.The "Seventh Building" and "Eighth Building" for experiments on living people include about 120 celibate cells, as well as special laboratories (freeze injury research laboratory and decompression laboratory for research on aviation hygiene), laboratories, The autopsy room, specimen room and various killing equipment, the "third building" and "fifth building" are bacteria cultivation rooms, and the "fourth building" and "sixth building" are bacterial incubation rooms.The above projects and equipment have been completed successively.

From June 1938 to March 1939, all moved to bungalows.In the so-called "Nandong" (Nangang, Harbin), only the "third department" and the backbone of the "diagnosis and treatment department" of the army were left, that is, the divisions for checking the source of disease, testing for toxicity, and checking for water quality, as well as the bacterial production team. Part of production class and medical treatment of infectious diseases. The unit in the bungalow is a belt conveyor production facility with a monthly production capacity of 500 kilograms of intestinal bacteria such as cholera and typhoid, 250 kilograms of plague bacteria, and 200 kilograms of anthrax bacteria. A comprehensive organization of institutions and institutions that study the use of bacteria.

In May 1939, the Japanese imperialists provoked the Lake Hassan incident because they violated the border of Lake Hassan.Originally wanted to sneak into the territory of the Soviet Union, but unexpectedly met with a heroic counterattack and lost the battle.At that time, the Kwantung Army Commander Ueda Kenkichi once sent the staff officer of the first section of the headquarters (Takeda Tonomiya) to Unit 731 in the name of inspection to discuss how to conduct bacterial warfare to save the war situation. Ishii sent Lieutenant Ikari to lead the "Ikari troops" to the front line of Lake Hassan, spreading about 22.5 kilograms of typhoid, cholera, paratyphoid, and dysentery to the Harha River and other water sources and the ground.At that time, although preventive measures were taken early in the Japanese invading army, a large number of patients still occurred. As for the army of the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic, it is not difficult to imagine how many people suffered from the nearby residents.This spread of bacteria is the first large-scale activity of Unit 731.In the history of mankind, unprecedented, large-scale, inhumane germ warfare began to appear in this way.

From the Lake Hassan incident in 1939 to 1942, Unit 731 produced all of them for germ warfare.It is mainly distributed to mainland China.See the table below for their quantities: The above method of spreading these bacteria is as follows: scrape off a large number of cultivated intestinal bacteria (ie cholera, typhoid, paratyphoid, red dysentery) from the culture medium, add a little meat juice and a little glycerin to make a bacterial solution, and put it into the plane In the "rainfall device", it is dispersed by the air.Yersinia pestis and anthrax bacteria are dry bacteria that can pollute the air and make people suffer from pneumonic plague and pulmonary anthrax. Dry bacteria are cultured bacteria that are frozen with "dry ice" (snow-like carbonic acid) to make them dry. Yukio Mitani, the military doctor of the second class, is in charge.Anthrax, gangrene and gas gangrene bacteria have strong resistance to changes in external environmental conditions, so it is used to make bacterial bombs.Fleas carrying Yersinia pestis can be dispersed by aircraft or plague bombs without processing.Yersinia pestis fleas are mass-produced by Tanaka Ban led by Tanaka Technical Nakasa.

Regarding the specific place and time of the implementation and the details of the damage caused to the Chinese people, there are no reliable materials. What we know is only the following: In the summer of 1940, plague bacteria were air-dropped in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province; in 1941 In December 1942, Shiro Ishii personally dropped a plague bomb in Changde, Hunan Province;In short, it has spread infectious germs many times and killed many innocent and kind people. Shiro Ishii began to use the virulence of anthrax bacteria, the strong resistance of anthrax spores, especially its heat resistance, to create bacterial shells and bacterial bombs since the Beiyinhe era.In these experiments, an unknown number of Chinese patriotic martyrs were killed.

Unit 731 also experimented with various bacteria and combat methods with living people.Take an incident in the winter of 1944 as an example: one day, five or six patriots in handcuffs and shackles were dragged out of the truck, with their hands behind their backs, tied to wooden stakes at a distance of 20 meters, and anthrax was injected from a low altitude flight. The bomb is dropped on the target, and the inhalation of micro-spray by the explosion causes the infection of pulmonary anthrax, or the infection of skin anthrax due to the fragments of the bomb, and then in the laboratory of the army, the disease is diagnosed, and finally it is cruelly carried out under various "treatments". Killed, the body is in the dissecting room for pathological dissection.

Ishii paid special attention to the plague, which was the most contagious, and made various researches on it. In 1942, in order to test the resistance of vaccines and the toxicity of Yersinia pestis, the chief of the first section of the fourth part, Suzuki Keiyuki, military doctor Shao Zuozeng, technician Uno Cheng, and employees of Tamura Yoshio, were locked up in the "special class" - the secret prison of China Five people were injected with various plague vaccines, and then under the name of "testing immunity", a large amount of blood was collected, and finally injected with plague bacteria to infect them, resulting in the death of two people. In February 1943, Suzuki, Uno, and Tamura used rat vaccines to kill Chinese martyrs who resisted Japan and saved the nation in order to test the toxicity of the plague. In the autumn of 1944, due to the production of plague bacterial weapons, four technicians in the first Takahashi squad (Military Doctor Masahiko Takahashi) were infected with the plague. ("Toxification" is to inject the plague bacteria containing the venom into the mouse, and then feed the mouse to the fleas to cultivate the poisonous fleas that harbor the plague bacteria in the salivary glands.) Ishii was afraid that his subordinates would die of the plague, which would affect the "spirituality" of all team members. Morale", ordered that thorough medical treatment must be given.Major Takahashi produced a large amount of plague immune serum under the guidance of the chief medical officer Nagayama Taro, a military doctor.That is to inject the plague bacteria into the Chinese people's body to infect them, and then take all the blood from the whole body to make them die.In this way, a large amount of immune serum is produced to treat infected team members.In order to save the life of a murderer, at least 4 patriotic martyrs must lose their precious lives. During the painful struggle of these patriots, the Japanese invaders gradually produced biological weapons and even dropped them on the Chinese mainland to massacre more Chinese. The above mentioned are just a small part of the heinous crimes of Unit 731.