Chapter 86 2. The six-character policy creates a new situation

In order to rapidly develop guerrilla warfare in Shandong, Mao Zedong proposed "sending troops to Shandong" at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Party's Sixth Central Committee held between September and November 1938. On November 25, Mao Zedong, Wang Jiaxiang, and Teng Daiyuan called Peng Dehuai and proposed: "It is appropriate for Chen and Luo to lead the division and the main forces of Chen's brigade (the two main regiments) to be in Shandong and Huaibei... When Chen Luo opens, it is planned to be distributed in the new and old Yellow Rivers." The vast area in between, including the east and west of Jinpu (Road), and the north and south of Jiaoji (Road). Shangkun and Xiaoping think it is feasible.” The telegram also proposed that the 343rd Brigade Supplementary Regiment be left in the southwestern part of Shanxi to persist in the War of Resistance Against Japan.

Accordingly, on December 19, Chen Guang and Luo Ronghuan led the 115th Division and the 686th Regiment to march eastward from Weigou and Shuangchi Town, Lingshi County, Shanxi Province, and entered Fei County from August to October 1939. The Baodugu mountain area in the south joined forces with the First Corps of the Lunan People's Anti-Japanese Volunteer Team initiated and led by our party.Since then, a new situation has been opened for the development of the Lunan Anti-Japanese Base Area. After the 115th Division entered southern Shandong, it first opened up the Linfeiyi Tengbian area and established the Baodugu mountain base. In September, the troops marched to these areas, pulled out the Japanese and puppet strongholds such as Baishan and Shangxiashihe, which extended south from Feixian County to Baodugu Mountain, defeated several feudal armed forces, and captured Shanting, Bianzhuang and other places in Teng County. The base area centered on Dalu was consolidated, and the situation in Baodugu mountain area was opened up.

By the end of 1939, the guerrilla base area centered on Baodugu had expanded to Tanma in the south, Cangshan in the east, Zoutengbian in the west, Liangqiu in the west of Feixian County in the north and Dapingyi in the northwest of Feixian County in the north.Six county democratic regimes have been established successively, anti-Japanese self-defense regiments have been established in various places, and the southern Shandong base area has begun to take shape. The "Gu" in Baodugu Mountain refers to the hills with steep sides and relatively flat tops.It is said that there are 72 Gus in the large mountain area south of the Jiaoji Railway in Shandong, such as Mengliang Gu, Dai Gu, and Baodu Gu.Its top is quite flat, and it is said that crops can be grown.However, it is difficult to go up.People can climb up the stone nests dug out one by one, but cattle cannot catch up.According to legend, in ancient times, there was an old man Wang who carried a calf up to it and fed it to plow the land.Baodu Gu got its name from this.

In 1923, bandit Sun Meiyao robbed a train at Lincheng Station, kidnapped dozens of foreigners, and imprisoned them in Chaoyun Temple at the foot of Baodugu Mountain. This was the sensational Lincheng carjacking case.The reason why Sun Meiyao chose Baodugu as a hostage place was because of the steep terrain and inconvenient transportation. It is precisely because of the carjacking case in Lincheng that Baodugu is famous far and wide.Therefore, the Lunan mountainous area between Yi County, Linyi, Fei County, and Teng County around Baodu Gu is also called Baodu Gu Mountain. When the 115th Division entered this mountainous area, most of the villages here were controlled by armed landlords.Their number ranges from thirty to fifty to hundreds or thousands. Regardless of the size of the team, the leader is called the commander.It is said that there are as many as 72 commanders in this area, just like Gu.Most of them accepted the letter of appointment from the Kuomintang government, and some of them colluded with the enemy and puppets openly and secretly.Except for Kong Zhaotong in Tengxian County and Wanchunpu in Dalu, they were suspicious of the Eighth Route Army because they did not understand it, or they took a hostile attitude because of their reactionary stance.When the Eighth Route Army passed through the villages they controlled, they closed the gates tightly.When the commanders and soldiers wanted to drink water, they hung the water cans from the wall of the village, just to prevent the Eighth Route Army from entering the village, and to prevent the common people from communicating with the Eighth Route Army.

During Luo Ronghuan's trip to Huxi, the 115th Division took two combat operations in southern Shandong. The first action was to send troops to march on the Tan (city) pier (head) plain southeast of Dalu in the name of the eastward detachment.Tanma Plain is a rich area on the border of Sulu. On November 18, 1939, Wang Bingzhang, Chief of Staff of the 115th Division, and Huang Li, Deputy Director of the Political Department, led the Dongjin Detachment to capture the docks. They not only seized a batch of weapons, ammunition and other military supplies, but also raised 200,000 yuan.The commanders and fighters all changed into cotton clothes at the pier.

After the Eighth Route Army came to the wharf, there was a vigorous anti-Japanese situation in the Tanma area.Anti-Japanese mass organizations have sprung up like mushrooms after rain. On New Year's Day in 1940, the Tancheng County People's Government led by the Communist Party was established at the wharf.Luo Ronghuan transferred the 4th Brigade of the former Suluyu Detachment to this area and renamed it the 2nd Brigade of the Dongjin Detachment.With the close cooperation of local armed forces, they carried out guerrilla warfare and consolidated the outlying positions in the southeast of Baodugu Mountain.When the Dongjin detachment went south, Luo Ronghuan was happy to have a daughter, who was named Nanxia.

The second combat operation carried out by the 115th Division was to punch Kongzhuang.Kongzhuang is located ten miles south of Dalu.The big landlord Du Ruotang is the local emperor, who is armed with machine guns, and the government can't do anything about him.Not to mention earlier, at least since the end of the Qing Dynasty, his family did not pay taxes and food to the government.The 115th Division tried to fight against the Japanese, but he not only refused, but also attracted more than 100 Japanese troops from Zaozhuang to attack the Eighth Route Army. In early December, the Eighth Route Army captured Kongzhuang and killed Du Ruotang.

The victory of conquering Kongzhuang shocked the landlords of the villages around Dalu.In the past, they closed their doors and locked their villages to reject the Eighth Route Army. At this time, some turned to neutrality, and some moved closer to the Eighth Route Army.The influence of the Eighth Route Army in southern Shandong gradually expanded. However, in the Baodugu mountain area, the situation of the Japanese puppet, the Kuomintang diehards, the Northeast Army, the local landlord armed forces and the Eighth Route Army has basically remained unchanged.In this complex situation, how to open up the situation is a problem that Luo Ronghuan must face.He proposed to establish an anti-Japanese base area under the independent leadership of the Communist Party in southern Lunan.The method was the six-character policy he put forward at the Taoyu Conference later, namely: intervene, contend, squeeze, fight, unify, and oppose.To insert means to insert into the gaps of the Japanese and puppet troops, and to covertly extend from the edge to the hinterland.Struggle means mobilizing the masses extensively and striving to unite all anti-Japanese forces.Squeezing out means squeezing out the stubborn forces that passively resist Japan and actively oppose the Communist Party and the people.To fight means to fight against the Japanese army and traitor armed forces.Reunification means maintaining a united front with the Kuomintang troops who continued to resist Japan, especially the Northeast Army stationed in southern Shandong.To oppose is to oppose "mopping up" and anti-friction.

The six-character policy proposed by Luo Ronghuan is the product of Mao Zedong's strategic policy of "developing progressive forces, winning over middle forces, and opposing stubborn forces" and the practice of Lunan. In 1940, Luo Ronghuan used these six-character policies skillfully and freely, and finally created a new situation in the Baodugu mountain area in southern Shandong under the complex situation of various contradictions between the enemy, the stubborn, the friends, and ourselves.