Chapter 55 5. A good political commissar around He Long

The leader of the 120th Division led the troops from Northwest Shanxi to Central Hebei, passing by the Eighth Route Army Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region Command. Nie Rongzhen introduced the complicated situation in Central Hebei to He Long and Guan Xiangying.He said to He Long: "There are enough troops to expand the troops in central Jizhong. There are 'commanders all over the world' in that place. There are many miscellaneous armed forces and Lianzhuang clubs. I hope you can bring more. There are so many cadres in the 120th division! Do a good job, take them out of their native land, and it's easier to rehabilitate them."

After living in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region for a few days, He Long returned to Chenzhuang, Lingshou County, where the 120th Division was stationed, and prepared to cross Pinghan Road to Jizhong.Guan Xiangying stayed in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area because he was going to attend the meeting of the northern branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After the meeting, Guan Xiangying also came to Jizhong.Guan Xiangying brought He Long the opinions of the Northern Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the establishment of the Jizhong District Military and Political Committee and conveying the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee to Jizhong.The two agreed to hold a joint meeting of the party, government and army in the Central Hebei District in Dongwanli on February 14.

The meeting was chaired by Cheng Zihua.He Long conveyed the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the tasks assigned to the 120th Division by the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China.Guan Xiangying conveyed the opinions of the Northern Branch on the establishment of the Jizhong District Military and Political Committee to unify the leadership of the struggle in Jizhong.According to the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China "Consolidating North China and Developing Central China", the meeting analyzed the situation of the struggle in Central Hebei and the situation of the troops in Central Hebei, and discussed issues such as the current struggle policy in Central Hebei and the unification of the command of the anti-Japanese troops in Central Hebei.

At the meeting, Guan Xiangying put forward opinions such as deeply mobilizing the masses, strengthening political power construction, strengthening the party's strength, and correctly implementing the party's anti-Japanese united front policy.According to the opinions of the northern branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, He Long, Guan Xiangying, Zhou Shidi, Gan Siqi, Lu Zhengcao, Cheng Zihua, Sun Zhiyuan, Wang Ping, and Huang Jing formed the Jizhong District Military and Political Committee to lead the party, government, military and civilian work in Jizhong District .

In order to unify the military command, in accordance with the opinions of the Eighth Route Army headquarters, the Jizhong District General Command was established with He Long as the commander-in-chief, Lu Zhengcao as the deputy commander-in-chief, and Guan Xiangying as the political commissar.The meeting decided to immediately mobilize the masses, do a good job in the work of grassroots organizations, strengthen local armed forces, fortify walls and clear fields, destroy roads, and fight against Japanese invaders; party and government agencies at all levels should immediately implement streamlining and streamlining their organizations to meet the needs of guerrilla warfare.

Guan Xiangying is an outstanding political work leader who is good at political and ideological construction of the army.During the 15 years from 1932 to his death, when He Long served as the commander of various units, Guan Xiangying always served as a political commissar at the same time.Guan Xiangying's strong party spirit, noble sentiments, practical way of thinking, hard and simple style of work and the spirit of self-criticism won the respect of He Long.He Long once said that he met two good political commissars in his life, one was Zhou Yiqun and the other was Guan Xiangying. Guan Xiangying was born in 1902 in a poor Manchu farmer's family in Jin County, Liaoning Province. His original name was Guan Zhixiang.His hometown "Kanto Prefecture" had been reduced to a Japanese colony after the Russo-Japanese War. He was very resentful when he saw the scenes of his hometown's elders being harassed by the war and abused by the invaders since he was a child.He especially hated the enslavement education imposed by the Japanese invaders.He said in "Autobiography": "When I was 12 years old, I entered an ordinary school (junior primary school) run by Japan to educate Chinese people, and graduated in 4 years. After that, I returned to Dalian Public School (higher primary school), and graduated in 2 years. I The education I received in these six years was completely aggressive. I couldn’t understand books and newspapers. I didn’t know anything about the situation in China. After working for a month, I resigned because of conflicts with the Japanese." I would rather go home and farm the land than be bullied by the Japanese.He said: "To be a Chinese, one must have backbone!"

When he was studying in Dalian Public School, he often wrote words such as "China", "I am Chinese" and "Serving the country with loyalty" on the eyebrows of the Japanese textbooks issued by the school, and drew some caricatures that vilified the Japanese invaders to express his love for the Japanese invaders. hatred of the Japanese colonists; he also participated in a strike against Japanese teachers beating Chinese students. In 1923, when he was working at Taidong Daily, he led the crowd to "teach" the Japanese colonists who insulted the Chinese and forced him to apologize in public.He said angrily: "Japanese imperialism must be beaten away!"

Taidong Daily was the starting point for Guan Xiangying to get in touch with progressive books and newspapers and participate in revolutionary activities. In 1923, he met Li Zhenying and Chen Weiren, Communist Party members who came to the newspaper as reporters to carry out revolutionary activities at Taidong Daily. With the help of these two Communist Party members, he learned a lot of revolutionary principles. In the autumn of 1924, Guan Xiangying was sent to study at the Oriental University in Moscow.The following year, he was converted from a member of the Communist Youth League to a member of the Communist Party of China. After the "May 30th" Movement broke out in 1925, Guan Xiangying was ordered to return to China and worked in the Communist Party and Youth League in Shanghai, Shandong, Hubei, Henan, Wuhan and other places. In early 1932, he went to work in the Western Soviet Area of ​​Hunan, Hubei and got to know He Long.

In the revolutionary base area in western Hunan and Hubei, Guan Xiangying successively served as a member of the Western Hunan and Hubei Central Branch of the Communist Party of China, chairman of the Military Commission Branch, political commissar of the 3rd Red Army and 2nd Red Army, and was also elected as the second executive member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic.In the extremely difficult four years from Honghu to the Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou Soviet areas, Guan Xiangying and He Long led their troops to fight endlessly, and made outstanding contributions to the Red 2 Army and the construction of the base area.

When Guan Xiangying first arrived here, in order to restore the party organization and political organs in the Red Army, Guan Xiangying went deep into the company to carry out meticulous ideological work, personally presided over the registration of party members, organized party branches, established political departments, and formulated military political work systems.He is approachable, works deeply, and knows almost all the soldiers of the 3rd Red Army.In life, like soldiers, he wore rags and sandals, ate and slept in the open, shared joys and sorrows, and won the love of the entire army.

In October 1934, the 3rd Red Army joined forces with the 6th Red Army led by Ren Bishi in eastern Guizhou.Approved by the central government, the 3rd Red Army resumed the designation of the 2nd Red Army.The central government decided that He Long, Ren Bishi, and Guan Xiangying would command the 2nd and 6th Red Army in a unified manner.Afterwards, after a year of struggle, he corrected the "Left" errors in the western Hunan and Hubei base areas in terms of eliminating counterrevolutionaries, building the army, and building the party, smashed the enemy's two "encirclement and suppression campaigns", expanded his team, and effectively cooperated with the Communist Party of China. The Long March of the Central Red Army. In November 1935, He Long, Ren Bishi, Guan Xiangying and others led the 2nd and 6th Army Corps of the Red Army to start the Long March from Sangzhi, Hunan.The Central Committee decided that the 2nd, 6th and 32nd Red Army would be combined into the 2nd Red Army, with He Long as the commander-in-chief, Ren Bishi as the political commissar, and Guan Xiangying as the deputy political commissar and political commissar of the 2nd Red Army. During the Long March, Guan Xiangying and other leading comrades of the Red Second Front Army stood firmly on the side of the Party Central Committee, and together with Zhu De and Liu Bocheng, fought resolutely against Zhang Guotao's conspiracy to split the party and the Red Army.After their hard work, and with the support of many cadres and soldiers of the Fourth Front Army such as Xu Xiangqian, the Fourth Red Army and the Second Red Army finally went north together. The Long March is over.The struggle between the Second Red Army and Zhang Guotao's separatism played a pivotal role in the meeting of the three main forces of the Red Army.In this struggle, the main leading comrades of the Red Second Front Army, including Guan Xiangying, fully demonstrated the strong party spirit of supporting the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee and the principled spirit of maintaining unity within the party. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Guan Xiang served as the political commissar of the 120th Division and secretary of the Jinsui Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Throughout North China.Guan Xiangying devoted a lot of effort to the establishment of the Jinsui Anti-Japanese Base Area and made immortal achievements. As soon as the 120th Division arrived in Northwest Shanxi in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, Guan Xiangying was entrusted by the Northern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to form the Party Committee of the Northwest Shanxi District of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, he carried forward the glorious tradition of our army as both a combat team and a work team. On the one hand, he participated in the work of establishing a base area.Guan Xiangying personally led more than 700 cadres transferred from the army to form a local work team, and went to the counties in northwestern Shanxi and the Daqingshan area to develop work.The work team correctly implemented the party's anti-Japanese national united front policy, united the masses of all walks of life to cooperate in the anti-Japanese war, established mass organizations, restored the anti-Japanese regime, developed guerrillas and local armed forces, and laid a preliminary foundation for the establishment of anti-Japanese base areas in Northwest Shanxi. In September 1938, Guan Xiangying returned to Yan'an to attend the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Party, and made the "Report on the Work of Northwest Shanxi".Later, he served as political commissar of the Jinsui Military Region, political commissar of the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Shanxi-Sui Joint Defense Force, and secretary of the Jinsui Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Nyongbyon District, the important task of defending the Party Central Committee. Guan Xiangying also often studies the strategic, operational and tactical issues of guerrilla warfare in the enemy's rear, and earnestly sums up his experience. On June 28, 1939, in Yijiazhuang, Fuping County, Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region, he gave a speech at a cadre meeting of the Northern Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with the title "The War Situation in Central Hebei and Several Policy Issues".He made a profound discussion on the development trend of the situation in Central Hebei, the issue of continuing to consolidate and develop the United Front, and the issues of democracy and people's livelihood in Central Hebei.In August of this year, he developed these theories again and wrote an article "On Persisting Guerrilla Warfare in the Central Jizhong Plain", which made a detailed discussion on the laws, characteristics, difficulties and favorable conditions of persisting guerrilla warfare in the Central Jizhong Plain. This article was published successively in Jizhong "New Great Wall" and Yan'an "Eighth Route Army Military and Political Magazine".His articles published in the early days of the War of Resistance include "The 120th Division in Northwest Shanxi" and "Revisiting Issues in Northwest Shanxi".