Chapter 38 Chapter Thirty-Eight

Only Tao Zhiyue knows what is on his mind. Five months ago, Tao deliberately took his wife Zhou Qingyi and their children out of their hometown in Hunan and settled in Chongqing.At that time, there were more or less ulterior motives in doing so.First, Chongqing at that time was still a relatively "safe" "rear" city; second, in terms of Chongqing's historical and current status, placing family members there can also show their hearts to colleagues. The development of the situation is really unpredictable.In just five months, how many things have happened in this world!Sometimes, Tao Zhiyue looked at himself in the mirror and felt that he didn't recognize himself.

Finally reached the stage of electrification uprising, his wife and children have never been heard from in Chongqing.Every time there was a battle report from the Southwest, Tao Zhiyue couldn't help feeling uncomfortable.Regardless of the flames of war, according to the practice of the Kuomintang, it is indispensable to make articles to the point of implicating the whole family.This point, he could already see the clue from Hu Zongnan's vicious scolding.You know, Chiang Kai-shek's base camp at this time is in Chongqing. If you want to play some tricks on him, Tao Zhiyue, it's easy.For example, people who passed the "military reunification" took his family members hostage to Taiwan... There have been many precedents for this in the past few months.

Non-vegetation, ruthless Practice makes perfect.And Kuang Tao Zhiyue and his wife Zhou Qingyi are a rare loving couple.Although they came together following the old rule of "the order of the parents and the words of the matchmaker", "they gradually established a deep relationship after marriage" (Tao's self-report).It was because of the full support of his wife Zhou Qingyi that Tao Zhiyue was able to step out of the comfortable living environment in his hometown of Huolongzhou to venture into the world.During their long military careers, they have truly reached the realm of "if the two loves last for a long time, how can they be in the morning and evening".

The deep-seated concern often makes General Tao Zhiyue suddenly wake up from his sleep... Of course, the road to go has to be driven forward step by step.After the uprising was sent out, according to the plan, Tao Zhiyue had to issue a "Report to the All Xinjiang Generals and Soldiers" to stabilize the morale of the army.The rest seems to be waiting. After waiting for 10 days, I will go to Jiuquan to meet with Peng Dehuai and Wang Zhen to discuss the details of the reorganization of the troops. But things didn't go as expected.In Xinjiang during this period, there are both bright sun and turbid waves, and people can never feel at ease for a moment.

Generally speaking, the common people are mostly immersed in joy.During the days of Dihua, one celebration after another was held.The slogans all over the sky filled the streets and alleys with exciting expectations.Yining, the base of the Three District Group, was even more ecstatic. 30,000 soldiers and civilians sang and danced, and the city was full of joy.The national army has invested in the substantial work of welcoming the troops of the People's Liberation Army entering Xinjiang.They mobilized all the vehicles and brought in a large amount of supplies including 5 million kilograms of grain, 400,000 kilograms of gasoline, 40,000 kilograms of motor oil, etc., and sent them to Dihua in a mighty way.

This kind of joy is naturally impossible for those Kuomintang uprising troops waiting to be adapted.They were just inexplicable panic, anger, irritability and resentment. The barracks was full of complaints and curses all day long.And, those sentiments are increasingly escalating. Fortunately, those people with ulterior motives have an opportunity to take advantage of.Corresponding to the happy atmosphere, the other side of society - chaos and turmoil also reached a climax.Especially after dark, sporadic gunshots can often be heard, and bullets "whoosh—whoosh—" are flying all over the sky, leaving bullet marks everywhere on the roof and walls of the residence outside the east gate of Tao Zhiyue, which scared the adjutant Zhang Quanyou couldn't close his eyes every night.

The stone in Tao Zhiyue's heart made him unable to breathe.On the one hand, they sent a telegram to Zeng Zhenwu, hoping to tell Peng Dehuai to bring in the People's Liberation Army as soon as possible, otherwise they would be overwhelmed, and the consequences would be disastrous;But with so many troops and such a large area, flames were flying everywhere. He threw his hands here and there, even though he didn't care if the microphone was smashed by soldiers when he was speaking, but in the end, his heart was against his will. However, riots still happened one after another. The earliest bad news came late at night on September 27, when Liu Yuanyuan, commander of the 178th Brigade of the Hami Garrison, reported to the officers and soldiers of the 533rd Regiment.Almost all of them went out to rob the bank!This is amazing. Hami Bank has sealed up more than 9,700 taels of gold and tens of thousands of taels of silver that were transferred from the Lanzhou Branch of the Kuomintang Central Bank. Once the robbery succeeds, it will be a world-shattering case!

Tao Zhiyue issued a death order, and no matter what measures were taken, he must resolutely stop them.However, before brigade commander Liu Yuanyuan took out the "measures", the vault of Hami Bank was empty and nothing was seen.In order to pack their pockets, the soldiers used all their machine guns and cannons. They fought from late at night until dawn, and the whole of Hami became a sea of ​​flames. The lingering fire in Hami was not extinguished, and news came from the 536th Regiment of the 179th Brigade of the Hutubi Garrison that a company commander named Liu Shaonong was extremely dissatisfied with the uprising, and shot and killed the battalion commander Li Minghai, threatening to kill him. Dozens of soldiers fled in the direction of Dihua.

Tao Zhiyue patted the table and yelled anxiously: "Hurry up and chase after him, why are you so dazed? That company commander was shot wherever he chased him!" Han Youwen, the commander of the First Cavalry Division, stammered: "Luo, Luo Ruzheng, Brigadier Commander, has sent cavalry..." "Tell Luo Ruzheng to chase after him personally!" Tao Zhiyue shouted in a hoarse voice, and tried his best to calm down, "For those soldiers who followed blindly, you must care for them with righteousness and kind words..." It took a day for the matter to come to a conclusion, and finally the dozens of soldiers who were coerced were chased down.Before he could breathe a sigh of relief, Li Zutang, commander of the 65th brigade stationed in Kuqa, suddenly telegraphed that Guo Bitian, the deputy commander of the brigade's motor regiment, also led a group of people to rob banks and stores, and set fire to people everywhere.Wherever they went, even the common people's horses were not spared, and many soldiers from outside regiments followed suit, and finally robbed the home of the county magistrate Ding Linan. Jin raped her.

In the 65th Brigade, there was also the 194th Regiment stationed in Turpan. A battalion commander named Li Xianfeng actually drove away two companies with a car. Fortunately, he met the 128th Brigade troops stationed in Yanqi on the way. He tried his best to block the attack, but he didn't succeed. Things like this happen from time to time in troops stationed in other regions.The 194th Regiment of the Shanshan Garrison even went so far as to kill the county magistrate who welcomed the PLA, set up machine guns at the intersection, and prepared to fight to the death with the PLA entering Xinjiang!

During the day, Tao Zhiyue hoarse his voice while yelling earnestly; at the same time, he ordered that all the chief culprits who gathered crowds to rob, rapists and those who tried to resist the People's Liberation Army from entering Xinjiang, no matter who they were, they should be shot immediately!At night, he hugged his scarred heart and counted the days every minute. After finally making it to October 5th, Tao Zhiyue and Hao Jiajun went to Jiuquan together as planned. On the 7th, met with Peng Dehuai and Wang Zhen.During the two days in between, he used to have preparatory talks with Zeng Zhenwu, Peng Mingding, He Xinmin and others in order to get used to it and have a psychological preparation.He himself couldn't understand why he felt so timid towards Peng Dehuai, a Hunan fellow who was said to be very approachable. Prior to this, Tao Zhiyue's understanding of Peng Dehuai and Wang Zhen was limited to their achievements.The understanding of their commanding troops is only in the imagination.As for being a human being, of course, it's even more out of the question.So at the beginning of the meeting, the kind of uneasiness from the heart can't be lingered.It wasn't until Peng Dehuai spoke the first sentence that Tao Zhiyue was suddenly relieved. Peng Dehuai said solemnly: "General Tao, there is something I want to tell you first." Tao Zhiyue opened his eyes intently, not knowing what Peng was going to say. "Your home is small, we have already arranged it. Let me report that you are safe first, please rest assured." "This, this..." Tao Zhiyue didn't know what to say.The news was beyond his expectation. Wang Zhen smiled and added from the side: "Before your uprising, Mr. Peng specifically contacted our Sichuan troops and instructed them to send someone to Chongqing to find your family members and take your wife and children out. Who knows Mrs. Zun took the children and hid in the countryside of Chongqing, and the comrades we sent took a lot of trouble to find them. Now they have been received in Lanzhou, and everything is fine, so you can rest assured!" Tao Zhiyue, with mixed feelings, was overjoyed, and all his heart problems disappeared.He stretched out his hands again, held Peng Dehuai tightly, and respected this unpretentious Xianghu disciple in front of him.This "extremely good and deep impression" was stuck in his mind at that moment and could not be erased in his life. The conversation started from here, like a torrential river, pouring down without a trace. Peng Dehuai opened his smiling face, his sincerity made people wish he could immediately open his chest.He introduced Wang Zhen, Xu Guangda, Gan Siqi and others who participated in the talks to Tao Zhiyue one by one, and then greeted with a smile: "General Tao, please sit down. Your uprising has contributed to the Chinese revolution. We are friends now. From now on, we will work together, don’t have any worries, you can let go and work boldly, lead the troops well, and do a good job in Xinjiang. If there is any difficulty, we will find a way to solve it together, let’s discuss it!” Tao Zhiyue couldn't contain the anger welling up in his eyes.He laughed heartily and said, "What's the difficulty? Now, I'm not afraid of any difficulties!" Hu Jian, head of the chariot regiment, was the first person in the People's Liberation Army to shake hands with Bao Erhan in Xinjiang.At that time, the Chariot Regiment had just arrived in Ulabai, and there was still some way to Urumqi, and Bao Erhan had been waiting here with a welcome team.He shook hands with Captain Hu, climbed onto the chariot again, and stood high on the roof to deliver a welcome speech.He said: "Until today, Xinjiang has not been truly liberated!" As he spoke, tears welled up in his eyes. The rumbling chariot slowly drove into the ancient city of Dihua at noon, and the commanders and fighters could hear the earth-shattering cheers and drum music resounding from a distance.Colorful flags were flying everywhere on the street, and the floats were slowly leading the way in front, and the loudspeakers on the cars played the loud and clear "Internationale" and "Song of the Great Road".People presenting condolences poured in, and all kinds of condolences were thrown to the chariot like a snowflake, presenting flowers, tea, and wine...Uyghurs and other ethnic groups young people climbed onto the chariot one after another and sat proudly with the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army. Together, from the intersection of Nanliang Street to the barracks of the troops stationed outside the east gate, the ten-mile long street is crowded with people... Following the Chariot Regiment, for more than ten consecutive days, Wang Zhen commanded the Second and Sixth Armies of the People's Liberation Army, and marched into Xinjiang successively from Jiuquan, Yumen, and Anxi. , stationed in the east, west, south and north points. It was only at this time that Tao Zhiyue released the "Report to the All Xinjiang Generals and Soldiers" that he had worked so hard to publish. This is a highly targeted document. It hopes to distinguish between "right and wrong" and "interests", especially the latter. Tao pointed out: "Although our army in Xinjiang claims to be 100,000, it can only use In this regard, we cannot support each other. What’s more, judging from the overall military situation, Lanzhou and Xining have changed hands one after another. What about combat?" The answer is obvious.The most fundamental problem is not here. The two major factors of Xinjiang's geography and ethnicity determine that "everything must be resolved in a peaceful way, that is, it needs to be resolved in a political way."Otherwise, "the blind sacrifice of 100,000 troops, the disorder of local order, the displacement of the people, and even the killing of ethnic groups are inevitable outcomes." Tao Zhiyue drew a conclusion with such a strong argument: "Our peaceful liberation this time is to preserve the vitality of the country, save the people, and protect Paoze. More specifically, our peaceful liberation this time is for the sake of the country. Our motives are pure and our actions honorable in our people's initiative to strive for peace." Then, Tao Zhiyue counted the inevitability of the Kuomintang's failure.He pointed out that the main factor for the failure of the Kuomintang was "the separation of the hearts of the people and the lack of morale."There is no more powerful evidence than the transformation of the advantages and disadvantages between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in less than a year.The reason is that "the previous government's measures violated the Three Principles of the People and the interests of the people. The bureaucracy oppressed the people, and corruption became a common phenomenon, causing the vast majority of the people to groan in dire straits." Talking about the Communist Party, Tao Zhiyue said: "The previous propaganda was indeed wrong. Knowing that their content was too little, they were deceived by some nonsensical lies, portraying the Communist Party as a violent group, which is prone to murder and arson. The struggle was liquidated. I went to Jiuquan this time and had three days and three nights of talks with General Peng Dehuai, the deputy commander-in-chief of the People’s Liberation Army, and visited the People’s Liberation Army stationed in Jiuquan. People from all walks of life who fled from Lanzhou and Xining have now safely returned to their original places, and none of them has suddenly realized. General Peng also specifically pointed out the uprising in Xinjiang. He is very pleased. The new fighters will always receive supreme glory As for the deployment of the People's Liberation Army in Xinjiang, it is entirely due to the needs of national defense and Xinjiang's construction. Chariot Battalion, but most of their troops (about three divisions) are stationed in southern Xinjiang, which is clearly for the needs of national defense. Moreover, the so-called confrontation between the three districts and the seven districts in the past is naturally obtained. If it is resolved, Xinjiang will become a truly unified province in the future.” This "Report to the Generals and Soldiers in Xinjiang" is also Tao Zhiyue's own life confession.Until now, Tao Zhiyue has truly revolted!It is not difficult to see that the depths of his soul are changing.This change had a huge impact on the transformation of the 100,000 Kuomintang troops in Xinjiang. According to the principle of "according to the actual number of people, if there is a regiment, a regiment will be formed, and the number shall prevail", the adaptation work has begun.The Central Military Commission decided to reorganize the Xinjiang Uprising troops into the 22nd Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and enter the formation sequence of the First Field Army.Peng Dehuai instructed that some cadres be transferred from the First Corps to enrich the leaders at all levels of the uprising troops. "the taste of. This was the first head-scratching task after the Second and Sixth Armies entered Xinjiang.The troops have traveled long distances to the localities one after another, and they are facing ethnic areas, where the garrisons are scattered, and they have to reorganize and reform others, so the problem of "one top one"'s own strength is particularly prominent.Long before the departure from Hexi, the two armies held enlarged military party committee meetings, emphasizing the style of work and various policies after entering Xinjiang, such as the policy on the treatment of uprising troops, the policy on ethnic groups, and the policy on the Soviet Union. Peng Dehuai also proposed a concept of "egotism".He asked the main leaders of each army separately, and he talked with Wang Zhen, Xu Guangda, Xu Liqing, and Gan Siqi, and said: "Especialism is not a good thing. It has developed a little recently. Is it reasonable? Last year, we relaxed. We were immersed in marching and fighting, and there was no rest. Now that the war is basically over, it will turn to a period of peaceful production and construction. It is easy to have a looser idea. Therefore, we must pay attention to opposing egotism and ensuring policy discipline. Execution. There is such a kind of people who shout against egotism, but when they see that others have made something, but they have not, they will oppose other egotism. If they get something themselves, they will not object. This kind of person is against egotism, and I am worse than egoism!" Peng Dehuai hit the "hammer" just right.The situation before the troops was extremely complicated.The size and chaos of Xinjiang are unimaginable for commanders and fighters who have not yet entered Xinjiang.The severity of the task, the distance of the station and the quality of its conditions, as well as material security, are all problems.Among other things, just the word "survival" requires a lot more brains than the mainland. In comparison, it was more difficult for the Second Army to go to southern Xinjiang.This kind of difficulty starts with the long journey.Much of the work was done while on the march. When Jiuquan set off, the troops were still quite excited, and no one cared too much about the supplies being more or less.Four days later, when we arrived in Shanshan, we heard that someone in the rebel army had just killed a county magistrate who had welcomed the PLA, and everyone became vigilant.Three days later, the first arrived at Heshuo and Yanqi in the northern part of the Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. The superior suddenly announced that because of the limited number of cars and the difficulty of gasoline and engine oil, the troops should prepare to walk to Aksu step by step along the Tarim River!The cadres and soldiers removed the four wheels, and only then did they get a taste of Xinjiang. Xinjiang is too big!A month ago, Wang Zhen led the second army to bid farewell to the first army from Xining, and climbed the Qilian Mountains to Hexi. It was so difficult, and it only took a few days to walk.Good guy, it took me more than ten days to go to Xinjiang, and I was still sitting in a big truck!Now I have to change to walking, with an average of more than 80 miles a day, and I will not be able to reach Aksu in less than 20 days.When the sun went down, some soldiers quietly asked, "My God, is this still in Xinjiang?" At this time, it was only around the Double Ninth Festival in the Guan, but Xinjiang was already minus 20 to 30 degrees Celsius, and the sky was full of goose feathers and snow.In the vast Gobi, the wind and sand are sandwiched with snow, filling the area.When the sky was dark, the commander pointed to a small sand dune and said, "Let's camp!" The troops drove away.The soldiers set up tents against the wind and snow, not to mention washing their faces and feet, just wiped off the snow and it was over.He didn't take off his old padded jacket, nor did he take off his fur hat, but fell asleep with a gun in his arms.Whenever I feel hungry, I go outside the tent to grab some snow and swallow a few mouthfuls of dry food... It was too cold to sleep in the middle of the night, and the veterans and recruits chatted quietly. "Hey, I just heard people call Xinjiang (Xinjiang) Xinjiang (Xinjiang), why can't I see the river after walking such a long distance, it's just sand!" "Hey, is this still sand? It's only covered with a little sand. You didn't hear the camel-drawing fellow say that there is a Taklimakan Desert in front of you. It takes a month to wipe the edge, and people can't walk through it at all! " "Then...you've arrived at Aksu, right?" "It's early, when we reach Aksu, we have only traveled a half way, and we are still a thousand miles away from southern Xinjiang!" "God! It's so far away, how can we go home in the future..." The troops were getting heavier and heavier.The Fourth Division asked for 110 vehicles to speed up the journey in order to arrive at the station quickly and stabilize the mind.However, the actual support capacity at that time was limited, and it was not bad to be able to handle 50 vehicles.The difference in the gap is too big, it is difficult to do the work below, and there is some awkwardness in thinking. At the military party committee, Commander Guo Peng said: "You want 110 vehicles, and I only have the cost of 50 vehicles. What should I do? When we first arrived in Xinjiang, we had nothing but roads under our feet. Now every unit needs vehicles. Six The army does not need a car? It is not much closer to Altay in northern Xinjiang than we are. I heard that the temperature in the Altay Mountains and the Ili River Valley is much lower than here. The average snow accumulation is more than one meter. The soldiers carry weapons, dry food, drinking water and firewood on their backs. How to get there? People are still more than a hundred miles a day... On this hurdle, our Second Army can no longer cause trouble for Commander Wang. When we have difficulties, we can overcome them by ourselves behind closed doors, and no one is allowed to go to Commander Wang to call , His current burden is heavy!" In dealing with difficult issues, both the Second and Sixth Armies pursued a "closed door" policy.This way, Wang Zhen seemed to save a lot of energy, and Tao Zhiyue admired the kind of "command with certainty" that was naturally manifested.For this reason, Tao Zeng wrote a poem with great enthusiasm, titled "Welcome General Wang Zhen to Xinjiang".The poem reads: "The general talks and laughs and points to the Tianshan Mountains, and he invites the spring breeze to pass through Yuguan. Where the Juemo red flag is displayed, the pots of milk greet each other with open faces." Tao Zhiyue only knows "the PLA's military prestige" and Wang Zhen's " Talking and laughing pointing to Tianshan", but the source of this kind of power was probably not well understood at that time. After the 15th Regiment of the 5th Division of the 2nd Army arrived in Aksu, they suddenly received a report from their superiors saying that in the border town of Hetian in southern Xinjiang, some people were engaged in political separatism there, repeating the old tune of "Pan-Turkish".Commander Guo Peng and Political Commissar Wang Enmao ordered them to rush to Hotan as quickly as possible to control the situation. It is naturally impossible for the troops to rush to their destination completely by car.From Aksu to Hotan, there are usually three options. It is safer to take a detour on the main road, but it is too far away; Walk the main road step by step, copying nearly one-third of the distance.However, the Chinese meaning of "Taklamakan" means "going in and not coming out"!Even Europeans know that it is a "sea of ​​death". There has never been a record of anyone crossing the past alive. Those foreigners who are known as "explorers" have come all the way and sighed at the "sea".The security conditions of the troops are so poor, so let's drive in, okay? "Why not?" Wang Enmao stood in front of the team, waving his fists and said, "Is it more dangerous than snowy mountains and grasslands? Can foreign explorers compare with our People's Liberation Army?" Gong Ziyun, the deputy head of the 15th regiment, and Huang Cheng, the deputy political commissar, led the commanders and fighters of the whole regiment to answer in unison: "Incomparable!" "Let's go!" Wang Enmao waved his hand, and the commanders and fighters of the old 719th Regiment of the former 359th Brigade marched towards Taklimakan against the wind and snow under the red flag riddled with bullets.The morale of the troops was high on the road, and they sang battle songs along the way. It was the song Wang Zhen composed in Qinghai: "White snow covers Qilian, dark clouds cover the mountain tops, autumn winds are wild on the grasslands, triumphant songs enter Xinjiang!" It was November 28, 1949, and history remembers this heroic moment. When Xu Guoxian, the commander of the Fifth Division of the Second Army of the First Field Army, and Li Quan, the political commissar, issued orders to the 15th regiment, they also beat the snare drum in their hearts.In any case, a hasty decision to cross the Taklamakan is also a risky move.After all, there has never been a precedent for thousands of years! However, the rebellion in Hotan was very unusual. Dihua, Lanzhou, and Xining escaped from the enemy in one, with sufficient weapons and ammunition.What's more, the incident happened when the uprising troops were joining forces with the People's Liberation Army. The local people's hearts were unstable, and the whole of Xinjiang was in turmoil. Whether it was the army or the people, their emotions were extremely sensitive, and the information was transmitted like lightning. It erupted and caused a big climate in Xinjiang.It is related to the first impression of the People's Liberation Army on the people of Xinjiang, whether it can be controlled and not sloppy.So after receiving the order, the head of the regiment, Jiang Yuhe, led the small team, and immediately drove through Kashgar, Shache, Pishan, Moyu and other places by car, and rushed to Hotan to stabilize the situation. When the main force set off, Guo Peng and Wang Enmao rushed to the scene in person to mobilize politically. Guo Peng said: "You all know Wang Huzi's temper. You must be ruthless to the enemy. If you don't strike, you will be killed. If you strike, you will be killed. He approved you to cross the Taklamakan Desert! He asked me to tell my comrades , we are going to fight the enemy desperately. Only by fighting the enemy with this life can we win the trust of the people in Xinjiang!" It is true to say that it is "desperate".Three days after the fifteenth regiment set off, it passed through a Populus euphratica forest, and spent more than ten hours in a dry lake. By December 5, more than 1,800 commanders and fighters of the main force, under the leadership of Acting Political Commissar Huang Cheng and Deputy Head Gong Gong Under the leadership of Ziyun and Chief of Staff Bai Chunshi, they finally entered the edge of the vast sand sea. This is a veritable forbidden zone of life.Birds and beasts are extinct, and there is no trace of green. Except for Shaliang or Shaliang, there is no road at all. The troops can only rely on the compass to grope forward bit by bit. The sun trembled and jumped up from the sea of ​​sand, and the feet began to heat up slowly.By noon, the entire sand sea was like a pot of boiling water, people and horses were immersed in it, and they were almost cooked! It is not uncommon to not see a drop of water or eat a meal for a whole day. The lips of the commanders and fighters are swollen and cracked, and all of them are bloody and bloody with two big lumps.People with slightly weaker physiques all collapsed within five days!Under normal circumstances, a dozen or even dozens of martyrs quietly stay in the desert every day... Quicksand and storm come and go.When camping, there are often strong winds.In the blink of an eye, the blanket of sand and rocks blew away the tents set up with sheets.At this time, the commanders and fighters emerged from the sand, held each other's hands tightly, bowed their waists, buried their heads, and stepped forward step by step against the wind and sand.Once someone accidentally loosened his hand or rolled under the sand beam, he was buried in it immediately! Quicksand is specially made to pile up graves for adventurers in the desert.However, the commanders and fighters of the 15th regiment, with the spirit and perseverance of united will, insisted on walking out of the grave.When they had just successfully arrived at Sirkule, 200 kilometers away from Hotan, they received an urgent telegram from Jiang Yuhe, the head of the regiment, saying that the enemy was going to "bloodbath Hotan" within a day or two, and ordered the troops to make a surprise attack. Crush the enemy's conspiracy. Gong Ziyun and Huang Cheng gathered the whole regiment, all the horses gathered in front of the team, and began to roll their names.Those who were named got on their horses, and the names were called out one by one, and a capable cavalry unit was formed.Gong Ziyun, deputy head of the regiment, took the lead, jumped on the horse, and said: "The revolution is about to break down. If anyone feels that he can't stand it, there is still time to go on..." Before the words were finished, a large group of soldiers who hadn't been named "hula" rushed up to grab the task.Gong Ziyun looked at the soldiers on the horseback, raised his eyebrows and raised his eyes, no one was confused, so he raised his whip and shouted: "Okay, they are all good-looking, let's go with me!" This small team traveled day and night, flying straight to Hotan.Their lightning strikes hit the rebels by surprise, and successfully realized the intention of "Wang Beard": to catch everything in one go and leave no future troubles. Within 18 days, with a journey of 790 kilometers, the commanders and fighters of the 15th regiment crossed the Taklamakan Desert, the "Sea of ​​Death", on foot.Peng Dehuai was greatly moved by this world-class desperate tactics.As soon as the 15th regiment cleaned up Hotan, they received a congratulatory telegram jointly signed by Peng Dehuai and Xi Zhongxun, saying that the 15th regiment "created an unprecedented marching record."Immediately, all the sacrifices and fatigue disappeared without a trace, the whole border town was full of joy, and the loud and clear battle songs resounded through the sky. In the days when the Second Army was surrounded by news about the Taklamakan Desert, the Sixth Army led by Luo Yuanfa and Zhang Xianyue also opened a big scene in Hami—organizing an unprecedented scale of air and vehicle transportation in the history of the People's Liberation Army.All personnel and materials (including mules and horses) of the 16th and 17th divisions were basically transported to Hami and Dihua by air. 1033 sorties of aircraft shuttled between Hexi and Beijiang in nearly three months.By the end of December 1949, 12,446 troops from the Sixth Army, 2,027 mules, horses and camels, and hundreds of thousands of kilograms of supplies had all arrived in Hami, Zhenxi, Qitai, Turpan, Shanshan, Dihua, Suilai, and Gumu and other areas. At that time, the main stationed troops in southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang were basically in place. In particular, the three control points Kashgar, Yining and Dihua, which marked the control of the whole Xinjiang, had established a solid customs defense system and smooth communication. , The border handover with the rebel forces also went very smoothly.The remaining two bones, one is to march into Ashan, and the other is to follow Mao Zedong's instructions "Your marching mission, including sending troops to Tibet and liberating northern Tibet", to climb the Karakorum Mountains and march into the Ngari area of ​​Tibet. They are all under active preparation . As early as November 6, Wang Zhen led a corps to fly from Jiuquan to Dihua.Ten days later, Peng Dehuai, Zhang Zhizhong and Jia Tuofu also flew over from Lanzhou.The leading comrades decided to hold a joint entry ceremony of the "three armies" in Urumqi, organized by the First Corps of the People's Liberation Army, the National Army and the uprising troops, and the time was set on December 9. This morning, Peng Dehuai, Zhang Zhizhong, Wang Zhen, Bao Erhan, Tao Zhiyue, Liu Mengchun, Sai Fuding, Qu Wu, Tao Jinchu and others boarded the balcony of the commercial bank building on South Street in Urumqi to review the troops. The "Three Armies" entered the city.The chariot regiment of the Chinese People's Liberation Army entered the city from the east gate; the national army of the three districts entered the city in eight columns from the west gate; the uprising troops sent cavalry to enter the city from the north gate.Immediately, music, gongs and drums, flowers, and ribbons flew all over the street, and people of all ethnic groups watching the excitement crowded the streets. The "three armies" competed to shake off their prestige and show their majestic appearance. According to the regulations, they all turned from the "Grand Cross" to the south, passed the "inspection platform" and went out of the south gate to Nanliang. That night, there will inevitably be a grand welcome party, which will be held in the west building of Fengyunjihui.Bao Erhan was very thoughtful, all the leading figures from all walks of life were invited, and the representatives came from all walks of life, making the scene quite lively. After the banquet is the evening party. The program is divided into two parts. First, they will perform songs and dances of various ethnic groups in Xinjiang, and then they will perform Guo Moruo's famous play "The Flower of Tangdi".In order to perform this play, Bao Erhan also got in touch with Guo Moruo, personally selected famous actors from Xinjiang to play the role, and widely distributed the plot instructions in Chinese, Uyghur, Mongolian, Kazakhstan and other languages ​​before the performance, and the effect was quite good.Even Peng Dehuai, who usually doesn't like to watch dramas, slapped his hands repeatedly following the plot, saying, "The arrangement is good, very good!" Zhang Zhizhong's heart was warm from beginning to end, and there was warmth in his eyes.Seeing that Xinjiang can have what it is today, it is really ups and downs, full of flavors.During the interval between the performances, he sighed and said to Peng Dehuai and Bao Erhan beside him: "I did a wrong thing when I came to Xinjiang. I'm sorry for the people of Xinjiang. I shouldn't have supported Maxwood, causing the same three The breakdown of the coalition of the national revolutionary movements in the region..." Peng Dehuai said with a smile: "People are not gods, so there is nothing wrong with you. If you did not lay the foundation for the overall situation in Xinjiang, how could it be so convenient! Your credit is greater than your fault, and it is much bigger. The people of Xinjiang will remember you!" These words were fair, they came from Peng Dehuai, and Zhang Zhizhong cared very much.He suddenly felt comfortable all over his body, and the flowers in front of his eyes were full of spring scenery, and the drama below became more interesting the more he listened to it. A week later, on December 17, the 15th Regiment of the Second Army was still rushing towards Hotan in the desert, and the Xinjiang Military Region and the Xinjiang Provincial People's Government were proclaimed.The commander and political commissar of the military region were concurrently served by Peng Dehuai, Wang Zhen as the first deputy commander (later the acting commander), Tao Zhiyue as the second deputy commander, Sai Fuding as the third deputy commander; Zhang Xiqin as the first chief of staff, Zeng Zhenwu served as the second chief of staff; Xu Liqing served as the director of the political department, and Zeng Di and Khatinov served as deputy directors.Bao Erhan is still the chairman of the Xinjiang Provincial People's Government, and Gao Jinchun and Sai Fuding are the vice-chairmen.When Wang Zhen entered Xinjiang, the Xinjiang Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China had already been established.Under the leadership of the sub-bureau, the members of the provincial government agencies were also reorganized, and some members of the provincial government were added and adjusted.Deng Liqun was appointed Minister of Propaganda and Director of the Foreign Affairs Office of the Provincial Government. On December 20, the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's Government issued an order to reorganize the ethnic army in the three regions of Xinjiang into the Fifth Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.Mao Zedong appointed the leaders of the Fifth Army in the name of the Chairman of the Central Military Commission: Army Commander Fatei Ivanovich Lesken, Deputy Army Commander and Chief of Staff Ishhakov Margov, Deputy Political Commissar Cao Da Nof Zayir, Director of the Political Department Nur Yef Bawudong.Both Lesken and Margov were from the Soviet Union. Lesken went to the Soviet Union for medical treatment with the approval of the organization in 1953 and never came back; Margov was approved to return to China in 1960.They contributed their hard work and wisdom to the early construction of the national army, and they have contributed a lot in history. The Fifth Army consisted of two infantry divisions (three regiments each) and two independent cavalry regiments.The commander of the 13th Infantry Division, Maimaitiyimin Iminov, has three regiments, the 37th, 38th, and 39th, and an artillery battalion; the commander of the 14th Infantry Division is Ali Mujianov ·Ulabayin, under the jurisdiction of the 40th, 41st, 42nd regiments and an artillery battalion.In addition to the 1st and 2nd independent cavalry regiments, the troops directly under the army also have city defense battalions, combat battalions, reserve teams, guard companies, teaching battalions, hospitals and other units. There is a problem of enrichment and improvement in the organizational construction of the Fifth Army. At the beginning of 1950, the Xinjiang Branch Bureau and the Party Committee of the Military Region decided to transfer a group of old comrades from the First Corps to support them.Dun Xingyun, deputy commander of the Second Army, was the first to bear the brunt and was transferred to the Fifth Army as a political commissar; Li Yunhe, director of the Political Department of the Fourth Division, was transferred to be the deputy director of the Political Department of the Fifth Army; On January 10, 1950, after Yining organized the military flag awarding ceremony, the party committees of the Fifth Army of the Communist Party of China and its divisions were also established.This people's army, founded on the basis of the national revolution, has since embarked on a new path. On the same day as the announcement of the reorganization order of the Fifth Army, the order of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China on the reorganization of the Kuomintang uprising troops into the 22nd Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army was also announced.The appointment of cadres above the 22nd Corps of the Xinjiang Military Region was also announced at the same time.Tao Zhiyue was the commander of the 22nd Corps, Wang Zhen was concurrently the political commissar, Zhao Xiguang, the former commander of the 42nd Division, was the deputy commander, Rao Zhengxi, director of the Political Department of the Sixth Army, was the deputy political commissar, Tao Jinchu was the chief of staff, and Li Li, political commissar of the Fifth Division of the Second Army Quan was transferred to be the director of the Political Department. The Corps has a corps and two cavalry divisions directly under it.The designation of the army is the Ninth Army. The headquarters and directly subordinate teams are composed of the headquarters and directly subordinate teams of the original reorganized 42nd Division, and are stationed in Jinghua.军长由赵锡光兼任，二军六师师长张仲瀚调任政委。第一副军长王根僧，第二副军长陈德法，李祖堂为参谋长，副参谋长曾文思。 九军下辖三个师，二十五师由一七八旅、一七九旅、边卡第一大队及边卡瓜化第一大队组成，驻地在迪化。师长是刘振世，六师副政委贺振新调任副政委。第一副师长杨延英，第二副师长陈海洲，参谋长李雪谷，政治部主任刘一村；二十六师由整七十八师师直二二七旅和一七八旅骑兵团组成，驻绥来、景化两地。师长罗汝正、政委王季龙。第一副师长高戍光，第二副师长周茂，参谋长熊略，政治部主任鱼正东；二十七师原由六十五旅、一二八旅组成，驻焉耆、库车、阿克苏。师长陈俊、政委龙炳初，第一副师长文升桥，第二副师长韩际隆，参谋长李存忠，政治部主任傅志华。 兵团直属骑兵第七师，由原来的骑一师整编而成。师长仍为韩有文，政委于春山。第一副师长韩荣福，第二副师长郭全梁，第三副师长马全吉，参谋长李纲，政治部主任杨贯之；直属骑八师由原骑四旅、骑九旅组成，驻莎车。师长马平林，政委张献奎，第一副师长李朝弼，第二副师长刘抡元，参谋长祝元开，政治部主任杨烈光。 对二十二兵团的思想改造和组织改编是同步展开的。改编中，王震即从一兵团的二、六两军抽出1070名干部、153名战士和600多名参军的学生，充实到各部队中间。他们中间有945人是中共党员，依靠这批人在部队中迅速建立起党、团组织，而取缔原有的国民党和三青团组织，一下子把部队的“血”给换过来了。 第一野战军的拿手好戏新式整军运动派上了用场。从1950年2月兵团各级党组织建立起来之后，王震就在二十二兵团广泛开展以划清阶级界限为中心的民主诉苦运动和阶级教育，回忆对比一搞，阶级觉悟起来了，再把《白毛女》《血泪仇》《九件衣》这样一些剧目演上几遍，士兵们的情绪也就上来了，从挖暗藏的“特务分子”“反动党团骨干”“封建帮会头子”到挑自己灵魂深处的“半条心”思想，人人争先恐后，几个回合下来，部队里里外外焕然一新。然后，诸如尊干爱兵、拥政爱民、三大纪律八项注意等教育，就水到渠成了。 最难办的当然是军官。根据一军在西宁改造马家军旧军官的经验，搞集训是个好办法。因而新疆军区决定办军政干部学校，把起义部队的政工人员、特工人员以及编余军官1774名，分批集中训练，以使他们“脱胎换骨”。 这不是一件容易的事，往往这边在“脱胎换骨”，那边的纰漏照出不误，而且一出就骇人听闻。军政干部学校首期集训队从1950年1月16日开学，按照一期三个月的计划，到3月初刚好渐入佳境。王震正准备派政治部的笔杆子们去总结经验时，忽从二十二兵团骑七师蹦出一个天字号的消息：该师17个连队的2511名官兵，在迪化地区六个县（市）大举叛乱！ 二十二兵团整改过程中，王震最担心的就是这个骑七师。道理很简单，他对马家军的秉性太了解了。 第一次与陶峙岳在酒泉谈起部队改编时，王震问陶：“青海过来一个马辅臣和马振武，要找马呈祥说降，不知这件事你知道不知道？” 这件事陶峙岳当然知道。马呈祥后来不再坚持入关与这两个人的出现大有关系。但是，马振武和马辅臣没有把马呈祥劝回青海老家去，差一点还被马呈祥带走了。当时，马呈祥决定朝汗、离开新疆，这在陶峙岳看来就够了。陶一直认为送走马呈祥是最明智的一着棋。马走后，对于谁来接任骑一师师长这个问题，陶曾颇费思量。最后选定了韩有文。以韩当时的职位与听话的程度，陶峙岳觉得自己这个选择也是明智之举。 听了陶峙岳对骑兵一师情况的介绍，王震许久未置一词。陶峙岳有点奇怪，便试探性地问：“王司令对马家军是怎么看的？” 王震想了想说：“以我与马家军打交道的体会看，打马要打头马，降马要以马对马，韩有文这个人能力怎样，我姑且不论，但若是让他来带马家军，我看还不如当初把马呈祥留下来。” 留马呈祥？陶峙岳摇摇头，他觉得王震不了解当时的情形。 王震主张留马呈祥并不是对他有什么期望，而是可为权宜之计。马家军的劣根，王震比陶峙岳体会更深，因而，从毛泽东到彭德怀，提到新疆的起义部队时，都异口同声有这么一说：除马呈祥的骑一师之外，其余部队都可以保留改编。当然这只是说说而已，倘若真的如此处理，乱子恐怕不会等到今天。 总之，骑一师的“反心”并不让人感到奇怪，从陶峙岳宣布通电起义那天起，就已显露出来。韩有文在通电的前一天晚上，曾把团以上军官召集在一起通了个气，尽管话说得极为含蓄，还是被人轰了下去。当时闹得最凶的是两个家伙，一个叫马廷龙，一个叫马祥翕。他们已不止一次扬言：与共产党不共戴天！ 打那以后，马廷龙和马祥翕就整天骑在马上，到各个连队窜来窜去，俨然以马呈祥的党羽自居，见到士兵就说：“马师长迟早是要回来的，他才是咱们的师长！你们别听陶峙岳他们胡说八道，共产党长不了，大家都沉住气，忍耐一时，只要将来机会成熟，咱们抱成一团，听我的指挥，共产党就不能把咱们怎么样！” 这期间，韩有文也找陶峙岳报告过几次，但每次陶都说：“你掌握着，别刺激他们，耐心做些说服工作，晓以利害，坚持一天算一天，等解放军一进新疆，看他们还敢翻天不成。” 一定程度上说，韩有文这个“维持会长”当得还算不错，少不了像过去陶峙岳招待马呈祥那样，隔三差五准备一桌斋饭，把姓马的请来吃吃喝喝，和气一团，好歹让马廷龙、马祥翕二人那股“气”“沉”了两三个月。 改编之后，教育改造工作每天都在“刺激”这两匹野马，部队见天就是揭发、受训，特别是谈到西路军的那些往事，马廷龙和马祥翕终于承受不住了。 马廷龙跑到连队跟士兵们说：“弟兄们，共产党今天不杀咱们，明天也会杀咱们；明天不杀咱们，后天也会杀！谁愿意在这里等死谁就等吧，死了丢到山谷里喂狼，活该倒霉！谁有种跟我干，拼他娘的鱼死网破……” 马家军的士兵有几个手上没沾解放军的血？一天天的揭发情知躲也躲不过去，加之这些人当兵多半为了吃喝嫖赌，仗着手里有支枪，作威作福的日子过惯了。如今改编为解放军，纪律那么严，又捞不着外快，生活艰苦更是不用说了。有个班副到维吾尔族人的店里摸了几块钢洋，还给了人家还差点被枪毙，有朝一日犯了事死在共产党的枪口下面，还不如…… 韩有文师长和于春山政委跑到连队差点就没有活着回来。一见王震，韩有文就结结巴巴报告：“这些王八蛋都疯了……疯了……” 王震问：“说服教育工作都做了没有？” “都做了，”于春山说，“有些干部处于观望态度。士兵面前根本无法说话，一开口就起哄，有的还动手打，杨贯之主任被打得鼻青脸肿，不是团里跟去的人拉得快，差点就送了命。” 韩有文补充道：“韩荣福副师长也负了伤，趴在地上不能动哩！” “死了多少人？”王震问。 韩有文瞟一眼于春山，不大敢说。于春山麻着胆子报告：“到我们来时，已经有13人了，都是派进去的同志，其中9名干部。” 王震问：“他们究竟要干什么？” “他们要杀……人，要杀……”韩有文讲不利索。 于春山接着说：“他们要杀你，杀陶司令员、杀包主席，杀维吾尔族人，杀汉族人；见女人就奸，见商店就抢；他们还扬言先打迪化，再打哈密，还要一直打到关内去……” 王震手里把玩着一支红铅笔，冷冷地笑道：“口气倒不小！你们回去，把干部组织起来，分头下去，不要再跟他们讲道理了，就告诉他一句话：叛变和捣乱是没有前途的！” 韩有文不解地望着王震：“这……” “走吧！”于春山在旁边拉了韩一把，双双向王震敬礼出门。韩有文还是不解，追着于春山问：“王司令光叫说那话，那管个啥用？马廷龙、马祥翕能听你这个？！” 于春山说：“你呀！难道看不出王司令那眼神？他是定下决心了。不相信你等着瞧，出不了一昼夜……” 其实，王震早就成竹在胸。马家军闹事是个定数，只是迟早的问题。它必然会给王震提供这样的机会，走向自取灭亡。 王震走近地图，略事推敲便决定，立即调六军骑兵团、第十七师四十九团、第五军四十团各一个营，加上战车营的一部，兵分四路，向马廷龙、马祥翕起事的昌吉、迪化永丰集、阜康、奇台几个点包围过去。只要叛敌不举手，就坚决消灭！举手投降表示悔改的，仍就给出路，既往不咎，该团结的团结，该教育的教育，不作歧视。 王震把陶峙岳叫过来，把自己的想法和盘托出，然后征询地望着陶，说：“这样处理不算过火吧？” 陶说：“不过火，我完全同意，就补充一条，马廷龙、马祥翕一定要杀！这些人留下来是祸根，秉性难改。” “你讲得对，”王震说，“最近西北地区几起大的匪患，都是马家军留下的祸根。宁夏有个马绍武，伙同张廷芝、郭栓子这几个人，成立了一个什么'仁义军'，还设立所谓'贺兰剿共总部'，在宁夏的同心县五当山、麻黄沟、惠安堡一带，烧杀抢掠，无恶不作，搞得小半个宁夏都乌烟瘴气，几百里地没人敢走路；青海那边，我们的一军最近也给土匪搞得精疲力竭，同样是马家军留下的祸根。马步芳走时丢下了5万人，光校级军官就上千。一军在改造起义军方面做了大量工作，还是不管用。去年11月底12月初，仅大通、门源、湟中、化隆、循化以及西宁附近的叛匪，就达到9股，有8390多人哩；今年1月4日，马步芳新编军的参谋长马忠义和骑兵十四旅旅长马成贤等人，召集了20多名军官，跑到化隆卡里岗开军事会议，成立什么'新编第八十二军'，由马忠义当军长，横着性子组织暴乱，当地驻军和政府怎么做说服教育工作、怎么搞政治宣传，一概无效。最近又听说甘肃临夏跳出两个漏了网的马家军小头目，一个叫马希统，一个叫马中福。他们纠集了上千人，在甘青边界王家台子搞暴乱。你看看，这都是马家军，所以，你说得对，同马家军交道不能手软，的确要心狠一点，斩草除根，以绝后患！” 陶峙岳频频颔首。他同王震的想法一致，但这些话，似乎由王震说出来更顺当一点。 两人正聊着，参谋长张希钦急匆匆地进来了。自入疆开始，张就一直陷在哈密银行抢劫案的侦破之中，负责追缴赃物。几个月来，他几乎都在北疆的各个驻点上跑来跑去。目前，大部分被抢财物都追回来了，但还有一笔很可观的金银散落到了民间，追缴起来难度相当大。所以，张希钦每天都要和王震个别交流一下看法，或电话联系，或当面汇报。 但是此刻，张希钦的脸色很不一般。 王震急问：“有情况吗？” 张希钦说：“情况很大……叛匪包围了四十六团的一营二连，力量悬殊太大，这个连队已经支持不住了！” “叛匪有多少人，能不能估一下？” “好几万！” 王震腾地站起来：“怎么会有那么多人？这绝对不可能！” “有可能，”陶峙岳说，“但这里面肯定还有别的文章……”