Chapter 25 Chapter 25 Dexi's Looking at Hanzhong

In fact, Hu Zongnan when he abandoned Xi'an was 10,000 times more real than when he occupied Yan'an. After the spring campaign, Hu Zongnan seemed lazy all day long.The strange thing is that now that the Kuomintang has been defeated, he is much more relaxed than before.You can't help but watch texts and telegrams, and you can't help but listen to the daily broadcasts.Chiang Kai-shek went to his hometown in Xikou, the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were painless, the central bank’s gold bars were transshipped to Taiwan one by one, and the Communist Party occupied Nanjing, and the Kuomintang government moved to Guangzhou. Guilin, flying to Guangzhou for a while... Hu Zongnan paid attention to them one by one.In the face of this messy situation, he no longer weighed how important he was in the party, and he no longer worried about how many centimeters he was shorter than anyone else. The building would fall, and every pillar was supporting it independently.Emotions are worthless, and everyone relies on the concept and a responsibility or conscience born of this concept to take charge of it alone.Under this situation, he can't speak to the country, and almost loses the qualification to speak to the Northwest, but he can still speak to himself.He wants to be his own big boss... Should he leave or stay?Hu Zongnan held up the chess piece and asked himself.

Struggle is no longer the answer.If you don't support it, you have to make thirty-six strategies, and the best way is to go.The safest place to go is of course the sparsely populated Southwest.If you want to go to the southwest, you must not let go of the barrier of the northwest; if you want to occupy the northwest, you must not lose the gate of Guanzhong.After much deliberation, it is better to make up your mind, take the initiative to retreat from Tongguan, Pucheng and Yaoxian County, and join hands with Ningqing's "two horses" in adversity, and focus on central Shaanxi and Longzhong to ensure that the northwest, barrier In the southwest, as a last resort, there is a way to retreat to southern Shaanxi or even Sichuan!

When Hu Zongnan made this decision, he kept examining himself vigilantly.He finally discovered that this was actually an out-and-out retreat plan.As for how much "advance" there is in it, he thinks, if there is a piece of green hills in the southwest, the so-called "advance" is all there is to say.He used this reason to evade his inner annoyance, in order to be able to overcome the irreparable vanity, face everything truthfully, make up his mind, and give orders. It should be said that in late April, Hu ordered the complete abandonment of the Pu, Fu, Tong, and Yao areas and retreated to the front line of Sanyuan, which was a very unusual decision.It not only means to cover retreat and abandon Guanzhong, but also has the posture of sticking to Xi'an with the Qinling Mountains behind and the Jingwei River. You can regard it as "advance by retreat" or "advance by advance". for retreat".The pride in it, Hu Zongnan poured himself to drink.

These days, Hu Zongnan changed his habit of reading novels in his free time, and asked the combat staff to report the current deployment loudly.The combat staff officer with only a few strands of hair left on his forehead like a freehand painting reads with his eyes closed every day: "The headquarters of the 18th Corps and the 65th Army are stationed in Jingyang; the 90th Army occupies Gaoling. , Sanyuan to the front line of Koutou Town in Chunhua; the first part of the 17th Army served as a guard on the north bank of the Weihe River, and the main force gradually withdrew to the area south of the Jinghe River..."

The combat staff really had nothing to read, and the confidential secretary came on stage. The news brought by the confidential secretary is always not very pleasant. Hu Zongnan often twitches his eyebrows, twitches the corner of his mouth, or twitches a certain part of his face violently, so that he also has an instinct for the confidential secretary. disgust. The confidential secretary bit the bullet and went to work.Today, the headline news he was going to report made Hu Zongnan's heart arrhythmia. He followed the script in a professional tone: "A few days ago, Acting President Li sent a special letter to President Chiang, suggesting that the Minister of Defense and military and political leaders should have full authority to command and mobilize areas controlled by the central government. The acting president and the head of the Executive Yuan should enjoy the main power stipulated in the Constitution in terms of appointing and dismissing military generals and administrative officials. Local governments should only be responsible to the acting president and the head of the Executive Yuan, and neither the Kuomintang nor the chairman of the committee should be responsible. Intervene in the above matters. All gold, silver and foreign exchange shipped to Taiwan must be shipped back to the mainland. Finally, I hope that the Chairman will leave China for now and travel to Europe and the United States for a while..."

"How did the chairman reply?" Hu Zongnan made an exception and asked. "Chairman...Chairman...he went from Shanghai to Taipei..." Hu Zongnan raised his voice impatiently: "Nonsense, let me ask you how to answer the chairman?" The confidential secretary said "Yes, yes", and rummaged through the secret folder for a long time, and was finally overjoyed: "This... Here is a draft letter, which is the general idea of ​​the chairman of the committee, Mr. Jingguo, to reply to the Acting President..." "Read it!" "I'm very sorry! Oh, the letter said 'very sorry',"

The confidential secretary explained in a low voice, and then read, "You want me to go abroad, I can't do that, because I'm not a warlord! But I agree not to interfere in domestic affairs, and from tomorrow on, I will completely ignore it... " Hu Zongnan sneered slightly, folded his arms again and fell on the recliner, closing his eyes.The confidential secretary read something later, but he didn't listen to a word.He was not interested in hearing things that he didn't care about, so he said slowly: "Tell me the latest information about the Northwest Communist Army!"

This is probably very familiar to the confidential secretary, so there is no need to follow the scriptures, but let it go and dictate directly: "Peng Dehuai commanded the main force of the Shanxi Communist Party army to set off across the board, and his advance team crossed the Yellow River and took control of Fenglingdu and Yumenkou ferry……" Hu Zongnan asked calmly: "Has the Communist Party in Guanzhong taken any action?" "No! It's strange. I haven't heard from them for several days, and the radio seems to be turned off." Hu said "uh", and then whispered to himself: "Impossible, absolutely impossible!"

Of course, there is a reason for Hu Zongnan's judgment of "impossibility".After confirming that the 18th and 19th Corps were assigned to the First Field Army, the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China further approved the establishment of the 19th Army by the former Shaanxi Military Region on May 1, which was also assigned to the First Field Army.Later, it was approved and agreed to make a comprehensive adjustment of its own organization sequence and establish the first and second corps.During this period of "no movement", the troops are busy mobilizing education and coordinated training, and are sharpening their knives!

For the combat collective of the First Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the present is a very important period of development.It absorbs everything, sucks the essence and blood of the world in the Northwest, and completes the most rapid growth and development in its life.Its strong muscles and bones and its brilliant achievements in galloping in the Northwest in the future are not accidental. The commander of the newly formed Nineteenth Army is Liu Jinxuan.There are two political commissars: Zhang Bangying and Wang Feng, with Zhang as the first political commissar.Deputy army commander Chen Xianrui, deputy political commissar Li Yao.Xue Kezhong served as chief of staff.The army governs the fifty-fifth division and the fifty-seventh division, with a total of 15,000 people in the army.

Fu Xianhui, commander of the 55th Division, and Zhang Ming, political commissar.The division was once a part of the death squad of the Shanxi New Army in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. They participated in the famous Hundred Regiments Battle, Shangdang, Baijin, and Jinnan Battles, and performed well, producing many heroes. Zhang Fuzhen, commander of the 57th Division, and Zhang Wenbin, political commissar.The history of this division is also not simple. It was originally the unit of Yang Hucheng, a patriotic general of the Kuomintang. It participated in the Xi'an Incident that shocked China and the world, and later joined the camp of the People's Liberation Army. These two troops used to fight under the command of Chen and Xie. In August 1947, they were ordered to forcibly cross the Yellow River and attack western Henan, southern Shaanxi, and northwestern Hubei. The southern Shaanxi base area with a population of more than 10,000. In June 1948, they organized the Southern Shaanxi Military Region.This "Southern Shaanxi Military Region" has always been Hu Zongnan's confidant, posing a direct threat to Xi'an.Now, it has become the Nineteenth Army in one leap, and it is the horns of the Yiye Base Camp, just sandwiching Xi'an in the middle. When Hu Zongnan was shocked in the back of his head, it was too late.Two regiments suddenly appeared in front of him—the main team of the First Field Army: The commander of the First Corps is the famous Wang Zhen, and Zhang Ziyi is the political commissar.Before Zhang arrived, Wang took on both duties.The director of the political department was very well matched. He was Xu Guangda's old partner Sun Zhiyuan when he broke out of Northwest Shanxi. The First Corps has jurisdiction over the First, Second and Seventh Armies. The commander of the first army is the one-armed general He Bingyan who is known for his ability to fight tough battles, and the political commissar Liao Hansheng.Both of them are capable generals under the banner of He and Guan of the Second Red Army. The deputy commander Wang Shangrong and the two deputy political commissars Xian Henghan and Yu Qiuli are also celebrities in the Second Red Army. Wang Shangrong served as the head of the 715th Regiment of the 358th Brigade, and then to the Duyi Brigade, from deputy brigade commander to brigade commander.He has both civil and military skills, is shrewd and capable, and he is very good at fighting, bringing out an army capable of conscripting and fighting well. Xian Henghan is from the Zhuang nationality, and he and Yu Qiuli were the backbone of the Sixth Red Army in the early years.2. When the Sixth Army Regiment joined forces, Xian served as the political commissar of the Sixteenth Regiment of the Sixth Division, and the rest served as the political commissar of the Eighteenth Regiment.During the Anti-Japanese War, the two served successively as political commissars of the 358th Brigade.Before assuming his current position, Xian Henghan was the director of the political department of the first vertical, and Yu Qiuli was still the political commissar of the 358th Brigade. The Chief of Staff of the First Army is Chen Waiou. The first army governed three divisions, the commander of the first division was temporarily replaced by Fu Chuan, and the political commissar Zeng Xianghuang; the commander of the second division Wang Shaonan, the political commissar Yan Jinsheng; The second army was commanded by Guo Peng and Wang Enmao, political commissar. Guo Peng was originally the deputy commander of the Second Column, a native of Liling County, Hunan Province, and a veteran soldier who participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising with Mao Zedong in 1927.Later, he was transferred to the Red Sixth Army.When the Second and Sixth Army Regiments joined forces, he was the commander of the 50th Regiment of the Seventeenth Division, and then went to the Second Red Army as the commander of the Sixth Division.During the Long March, he was transferred to be the chief of staff of the 32nd Red Army. After the Anti-Japanese War, he served in the 359th Brigade, from the chief of staff to the deputy brigade commander. Political Commissar Wang Enmao is a very hard-working cultural person. He was born in Yongxin, Jiangxi Province. At first he served as the "technical secretary" of the county party committee, and later he worked as a propaganda officer in the Political Department of the Sixth Army Corps.During the Long March, he was the Director of General Affairs of the Political Department of the Second Red Front Army, and during the War of Resistance, he served as the Education Section Chief of the Propaganda Department in the 359th Brigade.He went south to north and returned to China as the political commissar of the 359th Brigade. Before his current position, he was the deputy political commissar and director of the Political Department of the Second Column. Dun Xingyun, deputy commander of the Second Army, joined the Red Army in Honghu in 1930. Before the Long March, he was the head of the Sixteenth Regiment of the Sixth Division of the Second Red Army, and later served as the deputy head of the 715th Regiment of the 358th Brigade and head of the 714th Regiment. At the beginning of the War of Liberation, he served as the deputy commander of the Eighth Division of the Jinsui Military Region and the commander of the Fourth Independent Brigade. Zhang Xiqin, Chief of Staff of the Second Army, and Zuo Qi served as directors of the Political Department. The Second Army governs the Fourth Division, the Fifth Division, and the Sixth Division. The commander and political commissar of the Fourth Division is Yang Xiushan, a veteran of Honghu; Xu Guoxian, the commander of the Fifth Division, and Li Quan, the political commissar; Zhang Zhonghan, the commander of the Sixth Division, and Zeng Di, the political commissar. Peng Shaohui and Luo Guibo were the commanders and political commissars of the Seventh Army that had just returned from Hedong. Peng Shaohui is a native of Xiangtan, Hunan. He joined the Peasant Red Guard Army in 1926, and later participated in the Pingjiang Uprising.He used to be the teacher of the "Xingguo Model Teacher" and the "International Teacher of the Shaoxing Communist Party". He was well-known in the Central Soviet Area at that time.Before and after the Long March, he successively served as chief of staff of the Thirty Red Army and the Sixth Red Army.Later, he served as the head of the teaching regiment of the 20th Division, the brigade commander of the "Peng 358th Brigade", the commander of the Second Division of the Shanxi Northwest Military Region, the dean of education, the vice-principal, and the principal of the Seventh Branch of the Anti-Japanese University. The Chief of Staff of the Seventh Army is He Huiyan, and the Director of the Political Department Hou Weiyu.The army governs the 19th, 20th, and 21st divisions. Zhu Shaotian and Sun Hongzhi served as commanders and political commissars of the 19th Division; Zhang Xinhua and Long Fucai served as commanders and political commissars of the 20th Division; Fan Zhongxiang and Li Jianliang served as commanders and political commissars of the 21st Division. The commander of the Second Corps is Xu Guangda. Xu Yuan was the commander of the third column. He was born in Huangpu and was born in Changsha, Hunan.Starting from chasing after the Nanchang Uprising team and Sanheba being injured and leaving the organization, he went through ups and downs and traveled thousands of miles to find the party, and returned to Zhou Enlai's Shanghai naval training class.Then he went to the Red Army in the west of Hunan and Hubei to serve as division commander and regiment commander. He was seriously injured in the battle and failed to be disemboweled three times. He went to the Soviet Union in 1932, where he healed his wounds and studied for five years before returning to Yan'an. He served as the Minister of Training, the Director of Education and the Principal of the Third Branch of the Anti-Japanese University.He also served as the Chief of Staff of the Military Commission, Commander of the Yan'an Garrison, and Director of the First Office of the Central Intelligence Department. Wang Shitai, the political commissar of the Second Corps, is the commander of the West Field Four Columns, leading a good army; the deputy political commissar is Xu Liqing, the former political commissar of the Sixth Column; the chief of staff is Zhang Wenzhou, the former chief of staff of the Northwest Field Army. The Corps has jurisdiction over the third, fourth and sixth armies. The commander of the Third Army is Huang Xinting, who is known as the "Smart Star", and Zhu Ming, the political commissar.Both of them were famous generals of the Second Front Army of the Red Army. Huang was from Honghu, Hubei.At that time, Zhu was the head of the organization of the Red Second Front Army. When he arrived at the 120th Division, he was still the head of the organization. Later, he served as the director of the Political Department of the 358th Brigade. Deputy army commander Tang Jinlong, deputy political commissar Zhu Huizhao, and chief of staff Zhu Wenqing.Jiang Yongwei, Director of the Political Department. There are three divisions under the jurisdiction of the army, namely, the seventh, eighth and ninth divisions.Zhang Kaiji, the commander of the Seventh Division, and Liang Renjie, the political commissar; Yang Jiarui, the commander of the Eighth Division, and Meng Zhaoliang, the political commissar; Zhu Shengda, the commander of the Ninth Division, and Wang Yijun, the political commissar. Zhang Dazhi, the "Guerrilla Commander of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Jinsui" who was drawn out by He Long to go to Hedong to "do business" and win silver, was the commander of the Fourth Army.Zhang is a native of Jiaxian County, Shaanxi Province, with excellent military and political qualities, especially in handling military-civilian relations.Previously, he served as the commander of the Suide Military Region and the commander of the Northern Shaanxi Military Region. Zhang Zhongliang, political commissar of the Fourth Army, and Sun Chaoqun served as deputy commanders, under the jurisdiction of the 10th Division, division commander Gao Jinchun, political commissar Zuo Ai; the 11th Division, division commander Guo Bingkun, political commissar Gao Weisong; the 12th Division, division commander Guo Baoshan, political commissar Li Zonggui. The commander of the Sixth Army is Luo Yuanfa, the former commander of the Sixth Column.Luo is a native of Longyan County, Fujian Province. At the beginning of the revolution, he was the "Longyan Lenin Youth Team Captain". Later, he served as the political commissar of the special agent company of the military department, the instructor of the machine gun company, and the general branch of the directly subordinate team in the 12th Red Army, the 13th Army, and the 14th Army. Secretary, deputy political commissar of the regiment and director of the political department. Later, he served as the chief of the executive section of the security bureau of the three army regiments, and then served as the political commissar of any division of the first army regiment and director of the political department of the first division.During the Anti-Japanese War, he was the director of the Political Department of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army. Later, he served as the director of the Political Department of the 1st Independent Division and the 1st Division of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region. Teaching brigade commander and political commissar. Military political commissar Zhang Xianyue is from Jinzhai County, Anhui Province.He was originally appointed as deputy army commander, but was changed in July.After Zhang joined the Red Army in 1929, he has been working in the Fourth Red Army, from the squad leader to the division commander and the principal of the military camp school. During the Anti-Japanese War, he was the head of the teaching regiment of the 129th Division. Deputy Brigadier. The chief of staff of the Sixth Army is Tang Ziqi, and the director of the political department Rao Zhengxi.Under its jurisdiction are the Sixteenth Division, with Wu Zongxian as the division commander and Guan Shengzhi as the political commissar; the Seventeenth Division, with Cheng Yuechang as the division commander, and Huang Zhentang as the political commissar; the eighteenth division, Chen Gang as the division commander, and Xiao Tousheng, the political commissar. The situation in the Northwest is much more complicated than Hu Zongnan imagined—this is a law: at the beginning, there is too much self-confidence, and the result is a sudden realization.This has been the case in the northern Shaanxi battlefield for more than a year, with few exceptions.Therefore, failure is always inexplicable to Hu Zongnan; therefore, he is always ambitiously looking forward to the "next time"; therefore, you can call him a fool or a hero.On the battlefields of ancient and modern China and foreign countries, who has seen a hero with a clear mind like water? Now, what can be seen and felt in front of Hu Zongnan are the four Corps of the People's Liberation Army plus the Nineteenth Army.Among them, the only enemy in front of them was the old opponent, the 1st and 2nd Corps, and the 18th and 19th Corps were only approaching. Although the position occupied by the 19th Army was terrible, it was only one army after all. can be ignored.Based on such an unrealistic basis, his judgment and decision-making are naturally outrageous. Hu Zongnan missed a very important fact, that is, before the Northwest Field Army was reorganized into the First Field Army, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Shandong-Sui Joint Defense Military Region was quietly renamed the Northwest Military Region in November 1948.The Northwest Military Region has jurisdiction over the Jinsui Military Region, the Jinnan Military Region, and the Military and Political University of the Northwest Military Region, as well as eight directly affiliated military divisions, namely Yanju, Suide, Sanbian, Longdong, Guanzhong, Huanglong, Xifu, and Yulin.That is to say, since then, the confrontation between the Northwest People's Liberation Army and the Hu army is no longer a "field battle" in the pure sense of roaming in the past, but a relatively stable rear.Needless to say, the national war situation, just such a local reality, also doomed Hu Zongnan's absolute disadvantage and inevitable fate. The "Great Rear Area" established by the Northwest Military Region is also based on the silent struggle of a large number of elites.For them, there is the real front line.This group of people was headed by He Long.The Central Military Commission still appointed He Long as the commander of the Northwest Military Region, Xi Zhongxun as the political commissar, Wang Weizhou as the deputy commander, Zhang Jingwu as the chief of staff, Li Zhuoran as the director of the political department, Zhu Zaohuan as the deputy chief of staff, Chen Xiyun as the logistics minister, and Liu Haibin as the political commissar of the logistics department. The deputy ministers are He Weizhong and Zhou Zizhen. It can be seen that they are basically the original crew of the old Jinsui Military Region.In fact, at first He Long also served as the commander of the Jinsui Military Region. Li Jingquan was also appointed as the political commissar of the Jinsui Military Region at the beginning, and Zhang Ziyi was later appointed as the director of the Political Department.The deputy commander and chief of staff of the Jinsui Military Region is Gu Zhibiao. The Jinsui Military Region has two military regions and five military divisions under its jurisdiction. The main leading comrades are: Yao Zhe is the commander of the Suimeng Military Region, and Gao Kelin is the political commissar; Liu Zhongwu, the commander of the Wuzhai Military Division, and Zheng Lin, the political commissar; Division commander Huang Yongchang, political commissar Qin Lisheng; Yanbei Army division commander Li Zhongying, political commissar Li Dengying; Yannan Army division commander Su Ao, political commissar Jing Mingyuan. The Jinnan Military Region was established in January 1949. The commander is Ma Peixun, the political commissars Ma Mingfang and Peng De, the deputy political commissars Wu Xinyu, the staff officer Jiang Ziyan, Luo Zhimin are the directors of the political department, Sun Zhanbiao and Zhang De are the deputy chiefs of staff, and Wei Qingyi is the deputy chief of the political department. director.Under the jurisdiction of Xi County, Xinjiang, Yuncheng three military divisions. There is also a training base for training and transporting cadres for the front, and that is the Northwest Military and Political University.It was jointly compiled by "He Long Middle School" and the Infantry School of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Shanxi-Sui Joint Defense Army in July 1948. He Long served as the principal, Li Changlu and Zhong Shitong served as the vice-principals, Huang Rongzhong served as the dean of education, and Dai Boxing served as the deputy dean of education. , Hu Guang, Director of the Political Department, Jin Zhonghua, the Minister of School Affairs, Guo Yi, and He Fenghui are respectively the Minister of Supply and the Minister of Health. From a military point of view, the large areas of northern Shaanxi, Sanbian, Longdong, Guanzhong and Xifu are still regarded as the top priority.It is not only the foothold of the current confrontation with Hu and Ma, but also the main target of their attempted assault. Therefore, the Northwest Military Region has established eight directly subordinate military divisions in these places, and it has also focused on the deployment of cadres.The commander of the extended military division is Li Qiming, political commissar Bai Qingjiang; Suide military division commander Zhang Dazhi, political commissar Bai Zhiyun; Guanzhong Army Division Commander Chen Guoji, Political Commissar Zhao Boping; Huanglong Army Division Commander Niu Shushen, Political Commissar Qiang Zixiu; Xifu Military Division Commander Zhao Bojing, Political Commissar Li Jingying; Yulin Military Division Wu Daifeng served as commander, political commissar Liu Changliang. Today is not what it used to be. The troop reserve at the rear of the Northwest Military Region alone is equivalent to the total of more than 50,000 troops in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region at the beginning of the Liberation War. With the addition of the newly expanded First Field Army, the total strength can reach 410,000. !Among them, the field troops increased from 150,000 to more than 359,000.This is a set of numbers that Hu Zongnan didn't understand at all.When Xi Zhongxun conveyed the spirit of the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee at the Enlarged Meeting of the Front Committee of the First Party, he said that Hu Zongnan "is very stubborn, and his heart will not die until the Yellow River", and warned everyone not to think that he "may be more honest" because he is exhausted. The innocence is based on the long-term dealings with Hu Zongnan and the deep understanding of Hu's mind. At this moment, Hu Zongnan's character is leaking from the fate of a person who is neither big nor small.This person is Yang Deliang.After the Battle of Libei, Yang Shou was appointed as the commander of the incomplete Seventeenth Army, and he felt very good about himself.Although it is said that black yarn is flying all over the sky in troubled times, he is the leader of an army after all!For a period of time, Yang Deliang devoted himself to recruiting troops. He had just completed the general appearance of the team that was almost left with a pile of bones and dregs. Suddenly, he received a new order from Hu Zongnan, asking him to quickly replace Zhong Song as the commander of the Xi'an garrison. As a result, the troops moved from Dawang Town in the county to the western suburbs of Xi'an to take on the important task of defending Xi'an. As we all know, Zhong Song and Hu Zongnan are tight buddies.Yang Deliang has always been unrecognized for his talents, and people before and after have always complained that he was "raised by a little mother" and could not become Hu's cronies. He has been wandering around the periphery of Hu's circle and has been busy for decades.Now, he was suddenly appointed to replace Zhong Song and shoulder the responsibility of guarding Xi'an. He felt that Hu Zongnan did not treat him as an outsider, which was obviously an auspicious sign.The opportunity is not lost, the time will never come, he must perform well. The first thing to do is to change the security command.Yang Deliang carefully selected 50 strong soldiers from the supply corps directly under the Seventeenth Army and filled them into the Xi'an Garrison Command.In addition, all those who were "not very effective" in the headquarters were all dismissed, and the staff who were "resolute and courageous" (who did the most harm to the common people) "all remained in their original positions."This is nothing more than to please Hu. "It is not personal for Chief Hu to trust me, and he will gain greater trust, which will be more beneficial to my future." "Performance" is in place for the upper side, and of course there must be unique skills for the lower side.What Yang Deliang is best at is knocking and stripping the heads of ordinary people.In order to demonstrate the authority of the police commander and his performance, and reflect the financial stability of Xi'an, Yang forced businessmen and ordinary citizens to use gold round coupons. Those who dared to refuse to use them were immediately arrested and paraded through the streets wearing tall hats, and marked "profiteers" and "profiteers" on the tall hats. Traitors mess up finances." In those days, the city of Xi'an was full of turmoil, and groups of "profiteers" and "traitors" were tied into long strings with thick hemp ropes, and they were paraded all over the streets under the escort of Kuomintang soldiers with live ammunition.Some "high hats" were put on the clock tower with their hands cut behind their backs. They were not allowed to sit or lie down from morning till night, and they were not given food. Yang called this "fatigue punishment". Some people were "fatigued" for several consecutive days. When they came down, "they were not allowed to go home, and family members were not allowed to meet to deliver meals, which resulted in illness and even death." This is not a big deal. Yang Deliang, who is a villain, often uses his power and prestige to the extreme. He often leads a group of guards and rushes along the street. Some people dared to risk the disgrace of the world. At this time, if there was a quarrel, a fight, etc., Yang Deliang would be shot wherever he met. There is no indiscriminate crime. A crime of "disrupting urban order" is enough! Yang won the title of "Living Hades" with his astonishing "practical achievements". By May, Hu Zongnan's mood was getting worse day by day.The Sui Dynasty and the provincial government agencies are moving to Hanzhong openly and covertly. Xi'an is neither a place to stay for a long time, nor a place where you can push it out with a palm.After thinking about mistakes behind closed doors for a long time, Hu Zongnan repeatedly remembered the reminders of the great spy Mao Renfeng: it is easy to hide the open gun, but it is difficult to guard against the hidden arrow. The most terrible thing is the darkness under the lights!Therefore, external defense against the enemy must be combined with internal rectification, and the underground Communist Party organizations in Xi'an must be completely eliminated. The so-called "rectification" of Xi'an, in Hu Zongnan, on the one hand, is revenge, to vent an unspeakable resentment; on the other hand, it is also a practical need. The agency actually became a sieve, and the feeling of being unable to hold the water made him short of breath and went crazy, and almost shot everyone around him.Right now is an "extraordinary" period, and a single hiccup is a matter of life and death for tens of thousands of horses!He thought, even if Mount Tai is overwhelmed, he should be patient and clean up his surroundings.Even if Xi'an cannot be kept, there will be a foundation for future counterattacks. This historical article naturally depends on the handwriting of Yang Deliang. "I heard that you have done a good job, the people are happy, but the wicked are frightened?" Hu Zongnan said.Hu had known Yang Deliang's "elegant name" for a long time, and he didn't appreciate Yang's bravery or his completely ignorant indiscriminate hunting and killing.However, at this moment, he threw out such a sentence in a trick, which sounded like a compliment. Yang smiled and said, "What do you do if you don't come up with some tricks? Don't worry, Mr. Hu, as long as I, Yang, are in power for one day, Xi'an will not be messed up!" Hu Zongnan nodded: "It seems that I saw the right person..." He pretended to think about it deeply, and suddenly asked: "Have you found out about the case of the 'Ten-member Group', an underground organization of the Communist Party in the city?" Lifting this pot, Yang Deliang was a little nervous. The "Group of Ten" is known to everyone in the streets and alleys of Xi'an. A few months ago, Mao Renfeng and Shen Zui both personally came to intervene in this matter, and they didn't make a fool of themselves.When Zhong Song handed over Xi'an's defense, he also reminded Yang Deliang to "do his best to arrest"; name case. Seeing that Yang Deliang couldn't answer his own question, Hu Zongnan gave up, but the long breath made Yang feel painful. "Mr. Hu doesn't know that Wang Qiaobei, the leader of the Communist Party's Ten-member Group, is said to have escaped from the city!" Yang Deliang tried his best to provide some comfort. The smile on Hu Zongnan's face was uglier than crying.After a long time, he said: "The Sui Department and the provincial government plan to withdraw all to Hanzhong. The city of Xi'an is counting on you. All the remaining troops east of Xianyang and west of Lintong will be under your command. What do you think?" Yang Deliang's body bounced on the chair.He didn't expect two things. One, he didn't expect that Hu Zongnan's trust in him would go so far; the other, he didn't expect that Hu Zongnan was going to give up Xi'an so soon.The former flattered him, while the latter disappointed him a little. "Sir... Could it be... Xi'an Base Camp..." Yang Deliang hesitated. Hu Zongnan sneered again. As early as the end of the Liaoshen Campaign, Hu had anticipated the inevitability of retreating to Hanzhong and abandoning Xi'an. At that time, the Northeast battle caused the Kuomintang to lose 470,000 "elite troops"!Even when the victory or defeat of the Huaihai Campaign was finalized, another 550,000 people in the "National Army" would go to waste, and this outcome can be seen more clearly.Followed by Pingjin, Xinbaoan, Zhangjiakou... It can be said that Hu Zongnan was the first among the Kuomintang generals to see through the pros and cons of the battlefield situation and sober up.But he did not admit defeat, and with the introduction of Mao Zedong's series of proclamations, especially the eight conditions of the CCP's peace talks, he has sent himself to the extreme step by step, leaving no way out.Today, although Chiang Kai-shek has "retired", Hu Zongnan clearly noticed two orders that Chiang did not neglect before he retreated: one was to appoint Tang Enbo as the commander-in-chief of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Security Command to unify the command of the defense of the Yangtze River; One is to appoint Chen Cheng as the chairman and garrison commander of Taiwan Province; this roughly outlines the basic outline of the military and political strategy of the Jiang group in 1949 and even for a longer period of time. This is the general situation that Hu Zongnan should echo. The chick knows the ambition of the swan.Hu Zongnan sneered at Yang Deliang, and said in a subtle way: "Retiring is for advancing! Whether you can counterattack Xi'an in the future depends on you..." The phone rang suddenly, and Hu Zongnan got up to answer the phone calmly. It was the old-fashioned voice of the chief of staff of the Sui Department, Luo Lie: "The Communist army set off from Dacheng Town, Sanyuan County on the afternoon of May 18, crossed the Jing River, and is now approaching Xi'an rapidly. One of them attacked the forest farm east of Xianyang, and the other Attack the five tombs west of Xianyang..." What Lie reported was the campaign actions of the Sixth Army of the First Field Army.While Peng Dehuai commanded the 18th and 19th Corps to set off from Shanxi, the 1st and 2nd Corps, which had just been compiled by Yiye, also began to make comprehensive preparations for the Battle of Central Shaanxi.Each army formed an advance team with one force and all the reconnaissance troops, and arrived at Tongchuan (Tongguan), Yaoxian, Meiyuan Town, Liuqu Town, Xian Town, Longyang Town, Jiaoxie Town, and Qiangbai Town respectively. and other areas to carry out combat reconnaissance. At that time, the guiding ideology of Zhang Zongxun, Zhao Shoushan, Yan Kuiyao and others was to act first without waiting for the arrival of the 18th and 19th corps, and take advantage of the opportunity of Hu Zongnan's full retreat to wipe out a part of the enemy in the Guanzhong area. Hu's strategic retreat plan of "advancing through retreat" was disrupted, and Hu's military supplies were intercepted as much as possible so that Xi'an would not be destroyed.In this way, the next step into the Northwest will have a solid foothold. Combat operations are generally divided into two steps.The first step is to annihilate the enemies in the Sanyuan area; the second step is to capture Xianyang, Xi'an, and Baoji successively as appropriate. As far as the game of chess on the Northwest battlefield is concerned, this move is absolutely true.It is also very consistent with the general thinking of the Central Military Commission.Therefore, the Military Commission immediately approved the deployment.But considering the overall situation, the Military Commission certainly hoped that Yiye could solve Hu Zongnan on the spot, so as not to let this calamity flow to northern Sichuan and even southwest, causing new troubles.In addition, the most important thing is to beware of Ma Jiajun taking the opportunity to come in and make a move.Because according to the situation at the time, the last and most difficult combat task of the First Field Army when it marched into the Northwest was to deal with Ning and Qing Erma.Ma's army is extremely localized, intertwined, and involves complex factors such as religion and ethnicity. Its troops are poorly controlled.In the past, the border between Hu and Ma was mostly the Chu River and Han border, and the mountains were separated.Today, the Kuomintang is in decline, and political interests are above all else. Once Hu and Ma collude... this will make the commanders of the field think twice.They have to sit down seriously and focus on discussing. On May 17, Zhang Zongxun decided to hold an emergency meeting of cadres above the division level in Xie Village, Fuping County. The important goal of the Battle of Central Shaanxi is to liberate Xi'an. The central position of Xi'an in the Northwest in terms of politics, economy and culture is self-evident.It is one of the six ancient capitals in my country.Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin and Han Dynasties, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, 11 feudal dynasties successively built their nests and capitals here, and commanded the world. Every piece of brick here exudes a sense of antiquity, and every piece of broken tile is a thousand-year history. Over the past ten years, because of the relationship between Yan'an, Xi'an has become a "front line" without paying attention, and has become a special base for the Kuomintang to deal with the Communist Party.Starting from Chiang Kai-shek, many anti-communist figures have left their traces there involuntarily.Not to mention Hu Zongnan, he himself and his hundreds of thousands of troops regard Xi'an as an embrace.Therefore, the liberation of Xi'an not only had extensive political influence and could hit the morale of the Kuomintang army, but also had a major effect on the supplies and transportation guarantees required by the First Field Army and then the large corps.In particular, it will create conditions for marching into Gansu, Ningxia, and Qinghai to wipe out the two horses. Zhang Zongxun looked at the cadres at the military and division levels of the various corps who came to the meeting in a hurry, all of them were covered with a layer of gorgeous oil paint, and immediately felt a sense of heroism—they urgently needed to unveil a historic prelude!Zhang told everyone: "According to reports from comrades in the Xi'an underground organization, Hu Zongnan is going to withdraw his defense!" Everyone was discussing: just now they were saying that Hu Zongnan was stubborn, and he was clinging to Xi'an! Of course, Hu Zongnan's sudden change of mind had a reason. Zhang Zongxun said: "He got a wrong information, thinking that our 18th and 19th corps had already arrived in Shaanxi, but it was still early! What Hu Zongnan saw was the liberation soldiers brought from Beiping by Zhang Xianyue, the deputy commander of the Sixth Army. , it was the Military Commission who replaced it with my field army, and there are only seven regiments, you see, Hu is still guilty after all!" The venue suddenly became active, and everyone was infected by this dramatic plot. "This is a fighter..." is Zhao Shoushan's strong Qin opera. , and wait for an opportunity to counterattack... Now, in Xi'an, only Yang Deliang leads the 17th Army and a small number of security teams to take the place of the dead!" Zhao nodded knowingly to Zhang Zongxun and others after speaking. The burly Zhang Zongxun stood up excitedly and waved vigorously: "We have no time!" He turned to Chief of Staff Yan Kui and asked: "Tell me about the specific enemy situation and the determination of the wild division!" While speaking, Hu Zongnan's six armies had successively withdrawn to Xianyang, Qianxian, Lixian, and Yongshou areas. Hu decided to enter Hanzhong from Baoji along the Sichuan-Shaanxi Highway and wait there.Once the army is defeated, it will be withdrawn to Yunnan via Sichuan. "We just want to chase and annihilate the enemy in the west, and hit him, the 'mountain down' when he was defeated!" Yan Kui wanted to say, "The Yesi decided: the first, second, and fourth armies will intercept the enemy westward, the sixth army will liberate Xi'an, and the third armies will prepare for it." Team……" As soon as the emergency meeting was over, all armies raced against the clock to cross the Jing River. The next day, the Second Army won the flag, caught up with the enemy's 53rd Division, annihilated one of its regiments and a part of the Second Cavalry Brigade and Fourth Regiment, and took advantage of the victory to liberate Xianyang.At the same time, the fourth army also conquered Liquan; the first army advanced to the northwest of Xianyang; the third army followed up and reached Linping, north of Wugong.After the Sixth Army cooperated with the Second Army to capture Xianyang, they turned around and headed towards Xi'an! Yang Deliang had an unnatural night.After noon the day before, the sound of rumbling cannons could be faintly heard from the direction of Xianyang.Then, all wired and wireless communications were cut off, and the only thing we could do was to cheer up the defenders on the south bank of the Weihe River, and repeatedly checked the defenses of the city gates in Xi'an. 太阳还没下山，解放军六军十六师便抢渡了渭河。杨德亮握着话筒“喂”了几声没有回音，一屁股瘫在坐骑上。 这时，西安城里已是天翻地覆。老百姓成群结伙拥上街头，大家交头接耳谈论着、期盼着。当兵的个个灰头土脸，心头揣着小兔子似的。那些来不及出城的党部官员和军官姨太太们，更是惶惶不可终日。大街小巷，人头如蚁，保安队喊破嗓子没人听，鸣枪示警也不顶用。 西安这座古老的城市，真是给憋坏了！ 自从胡宗南给杨交了底，杨放开手脚折腾，更加杀气腾腾，当天就派出一个营的城防部队，把十一名“嫌疑犯”（实则是进步人士）拉到玉祥门外枪决了。两天前，他又命令宪兵队和警察大队满城撒网肆意破坏，爆炸工厂、洗劫商店、毁坏道路桥梁，特别是临潼到咸阳的铁路，拦腰切断……整个西安城成了一座死城。 杨德亮的恶行激起公愤。老百姓中站出来为民请命、跟军警对着干的也大有人在。共产党的地下组织乘机做工作，保护经济和文化重要目标，比如国民党部队去炸大华纱厂的锅炉时，就由于工人的奋起反抗，没有炸成。这让杨德亮颇伤脑筋。十七军参谋长胡文思说：“干脆，下道死令，关闭所有城门，全城戒严，禁止人车通行，街上不许有人！” 杨德亮同意这个方案，当即组成若干个军警小分队，挨门挨户地搜查，三句话答不上来，就拿人。此令一出，那些小头目们可找到了发财的机会！稍有可疑，张口就是逮捕，要想保全性命，交钱来！平头百姓还是要命不要钱的居多。所以，一时间杨的爪牙敲诈勒索成风，搞得人人提心吊胆，鸡犬不宁。 胡文思不安地对杨德亮说：“司令，城内情况不妙，军心不稳……” “嗨，都这时候了，什么稳不稳的，”杨德亮说，“只要城防顶住一阵子，把军部撤出去，阿弥陀佛！” 胡文思拧着眉心说：“自卫总队可靠不可靠啊……” 杨德亮把西安城防的主要防务，交给警备司令部下面的自卫总队担任，而让十七军部队当老大，名义上是把守重要关口和守护重要目标，实际是督阵。这样既保存了实力，又不至于失控。胡文思对此心里老犯嘀咕，毕竟城防第一，十七军部队不掌握这一块，总有点退居二线的感觉。隔靴搔痒，越搔越痒，不怕一万就怕万一，胡文思的不安一天比一天严重。 其实，杨德亮的心里也不踏实。十七军的第四十八师集结在三桥一带待命，杨灵机一动，特命该师第一四四团挪到飞机场，作为机动部队，以防不测。这番苦心，胡文思也有数。但到关键时刻，他还是想借个题目刺激一下杨德亮的注意力。 杨表面不露声色，作领悟状地沉思片刻，对胡文思吩咐：“命令非战斗人员和直属辎重兵团先撤到凤县一带待命；其余战斗部队一律整装待发，不准稍离驻地，以备撤出……” 此时，解放军第六军十六师已进抵西安西门；十七师也从灞桥渡过渭河，正绕道直逼西安南门，已经能看得见大雁塔的塔尖。 胡文思急了，带着明显的慌张报告杨德亮：“军座，共产党军队突破三桥已成南北夹攻之势，要赶快命令一四四团掩护军部和警卫营、工兵营、通信营、无线电排向子午口撤退！” “还报告个屁，快下命令呀！”杨吼道。 胡文思手忙脚乱地抓起指挥电话，扯着嗓子喊：“……要以急行军的速度，一分钟也不许耽搁……进到山口后，选择阵地防守待命！” 命令下达后，杨德亮对胡文思说：“你掌握着部队，我到警备司令部去看一看，顺便给闵继骞点拨点拨，然后到子午口会合，再商讨进山事宜！” 闵继骞是西安自卫总队的副总队长，平常对杨言听计从，深得杨的宠信。在杨的授权下，他实际上负责着西安城防的具体指挥事务。对此，胡文思颇有微词。杨德亮嘴上说“用人不疑，疑人不用”，可胡的阴风吹多了，也就不能不多长一个心眼。他把控制闵继骞的希望寄托在一四四团团长张芝安身上。 杨德亮跑到警备司令部兜了一圈，便急火火地赶到一四四团掩护阵地——飞机场北马路。一看，连个人影也见不着！杨顿觉大事不妙，掉屁股转回警备司令部，操起电话打雷似的喊：“给我接自卫总队闵继骞！” 总机接线员冷冰冰地回答：“电话接不通。” “接不通？接不通我枪毙你！” “枪毙我也接不通……”接线员不甘示弱地“哼”了一声，又说，“你枪毙不了我！” 杨德亮明白了，自卫总队八成出了岔子！他丢下话筒，急忙又抓另一部电话机，要通了西门守卫连连长：“我是杨德亮，你报告一下防务！” “共产党军队已经到了西门外啦，正在朝咱们喊、喊投降哩！” “打呀！还愣个什么呀！给我开枪打呀！” “可是……可是我们没、没子弹啦！” “没子弹？混账东西……” 杨德亮气急败坏地骂了声，浑身吓出冷汗。他什么也不说了，扔下电话机直奔南门。谁知，南门却结结实实地下了大锁。守卫连的连长战战兢兢地报告说：“这……可不关咱的事，是、是总队下令叫锁的……” “管他谁的命令，你给我打开！” 连长额头上滚着豆大的汗珠，支支吾吾不肯动手。杨德亮的贴身警卫拔出手枪，抵着对方的脑门：“你好大的胆子，敢违抗军令，老子毙了你……” 连长结结巴巴：“别、别，我开、我开！” 杨德亮和警卫爬上汽车，吩咐驾驶员加足油门，一头冲出城门，飞也似的逃往子午口。军参谋长胡文思早已等在那里。杨德亮面色苍白，跳下车就惊慌地喊：“他妈的，该杀……张芝安该杀，闵继骞也该杀……” 这时候，西安西门已经大开，解放军六军十六师四十七团，一阵风似的拥进城去。 部队控城后，首先占领了西安机场、发电厂，消灭机场守敌一个独立营，抓获包括飞行员在内的各色俘虏2000多名，停机坪上的12架飞机也一一缴获。 很快，六军军部紧随十六师进城。十七师也从西安南门入城。西安解放了！地下党的同志刷出许多标语，老百姓自动敲锣打鼓欢迎解放军进驻。当晚，六军军部在张治中公馆安下营寨，这和5月22日举行的解放军入城式一起成为历史性的标志。 掌灯时分，杨德亮和胡文思爬上终南山的一面高坡，遥望西安城里万家灯火宁静闪烁，无限酸楚涌上心头。事后才弄明白，他们及十七军部队得以保全一个囫囵性命，实际上是不幸中之万幸。因为当时张宗逊考虑到西安地下组织的力量，并没有把作为“重要目标”的攻城放在心头，而集中主要兵力，追歼由永寿经麟游向凤翔败逃的胡军直属三十师和徐汝威的第五十七军，正在组织大规模的合围。那是一场漂亮的拉网，敌五十七军和三十师除少数溃散，余数尽歼，生俘官兵达8000人，并占领了凤翔。东府分区的地方武装也借这股东风，杀过渭河，一举解放了临潼、渭南、华县、华阴、潼关，从而使宝鸡以东渭河南北大片土地重见天日。 西安落入西北军区的锦囊，成为“大后方”的重要枢纽城市。六军军长罗元发担任城防警备司令，贾拓夫当市长。军管会成立了，一应事务立马操持起来，发电、生产、店埠开张、学校开课，共产党的旗帜从心头飘到眼前，老百姓欢呼雀跃，日子一个比一个晴朗。 然而，胡宗南还回来吗？这种由小道传闻而生出的顾虑，不知从什么角落蔓延开来。就在这时候，人们迎来一位共产党的要人，他就是谁都熟悉的贺龙。 贺龙的好心绪从去年8月初开始居高不下。那时他得到通知由延安到河北平山的西柏坡参加政治局扩大会议，连日目睹蒋介石集团四面楚歌的境地，深切感受着胜利的喜悦。新生政权百业待举，白纸上涂彩，贺龙自感肩负着重任。他穿过黄龙山区刚刚解放的地方，来到黄河岸边的禹门口，然后直驱山西临汾，那里正筹建中国人民解放军西北军政大学。为了解放大西北，前线部队急需培养大量的干部，过去那所小不点儿的“贺龙中学”不解决问题了。贺龙见了副校长李长路，说：“你要设法抓紧修缮校舍，可以边建设、边招生、边学习嘛，不要等什么都齐备了再开学。搞两匹马，我们到郊区去看看校址……” 听了贺老总的话，李长路也很兴奋，一路感慨：“真想不到，打临汾好像还是昨天，一眨眼间，就这么生气勃勃地建设起来了！” “那可不！”贺龙笑眯眯地，“解放区在一天天扩大，全国已经是234万平方公里了，人口也有1.6亿多，老解放区全部完成了土地改革。前方打仗，后方要恢复生产，教育要跟着上，哪个行当都要用人呀！” 随行者有人插嘴，提到晋绥军区工业部长蒋崇琼正在临汾筹建一个财会、统计人员训练班，事情办得很艰难。贺龙一拍大腿说：“是吗？你们把蒋崇璟给我找来！” 蒋崇璟来了，贺龙问：“喂，你那个班子搞得怎么样了？” “财力物力遇到点麻烦，教员也有些困难。不过没关系，我能克服！” 贺龙满意地点点头，与蒋一道去勘察财经训练班的地址。看看地址、谈谈规划，老总的热情愈加高涨：“同志，眼光放远一点吧！西北快要全部解放了，全国解放也不远了，不要叫什么训练班了吧，我看，就叫'西北人民工业学校'！你就盯在这里干，负责培养大批财经人才，准备迎接新局面。” “训练班”一下子变成了“学校”，可把蒋崇璟喜坏了，忙就汇报起人事上的打算以及教学安排一揽子事。贺龙说：“我定了，这个'西北人民工业学校'就由你蒋崇璟来当校长。别的事，你去办嘛！校长校长，一校之长，我只问你要人才……” 这便是后来“西北军政大学财经学院”的缘起。 离开临汾，贺龙又去离石。 李井泉赶来相见。李是晋绥军区政委，对晋绥的民情很熟悉。贺龙见面就说：“井泉呀，这一带大革命以来就有我们党的组织，青年学生也很多，人才不少，我们一定要把他们收集起来。我已经让李长路在临汾筹建西北军政大学。现在，应该让这里的贺龙中学赶快组织人力，到晋中平原去招生。” “老总，这件事您不用操心了，由我去办吧！”李井泉态度非常积极，在贺龙离开离石时，他已派贺龙中学的学生队队长到汾阳招生去了。 几天后，贺龙路过汾阳，特地把这位队长找来问情况。知道同来招生的只有四个人，贺龙不高兴了，“太少了！力量要加强，要大大加强！”他解开纽扣，热气腾腾地说：“现在全国胜利在望，我们就要解放全中国了，需要大批吸收知识分子，建军、建国，到处缺人才呀！晋中各县已经解放，广大知识青年有了参加革命和学习的机会，他们也有这个要求，我们为什么不放手一些呢？我看，这次在晋中招生，至少要招1000名学生！你们要认真完成任务，等我从中央开会回来，再来检查。” 政治局扩大会开了近一个月。 正如贺龙所料，会议确定建设500万人民解放军，大体上用五年的时间，把蒋家王朝彻底埋葬。眼前是战争第三年，任务非常繁重，要准备3万到4万名各级干部，以应新解放区的管理之急。贺龙谈到的“吸引知识分子”问题，不但提到议事日程，而且迫在眉睫。尤其是西北军区，毛泽东格外关心，在报告中指出其：“……部队数量大，但负担不小，几次战役中干部伤亡较大，党和政府对支援战争已尽了一切力量，但仍有困难，主要是经济问题。”因此，毛泽东强调“西北要用一切力量来努力发展生产”。毫无疑问，这一切都突出了培养干部的必要性问题。 散会回延安刚过个年，开春二月中，贺龙又和彭德怀、王震、习仲勋一道到西柏坡参加党的七届二中全会。之后，奉命与聂荣臻、林彪、陶铸几人前往北平，同傅作义、邓宝珊谈绥远问题。接着又去解放不久的东北，考察恢复生产建设的经验。 这期间，西安解放了！中共中央任命贺龙为中国人民解放军西安市军事管制委员会主任。 不久，中央决定组成新的西北局，以彭德怀为第一书记、贺龙为第二书记，习仲勋为第三书记。 贺龙从东北赶到西安是5月24日。第二天，西安的军管会和市政府同时成立。 这些个喜庆的日子，把贺老总浸润得容光焕发。他挤了点儿时间，理过发、洗过澡，对妻子薛明说：“你把娃儿们都叫上，我们带他们上街！”这真是个稀奇事，薛明吃惊地瞪大眼睛。贺龙所指的“娃儿们”，有他们自己的孩子；更多的，则是一同随军过来的野战军干部子女。贺龙说：“他们老子都在前线打仗，娃儿们也管不着。陕北过来，就光个脚丫子，我们去给每人买双胶底鞋吧！”薛明高兴地连声说好好好。 于是，贺龙捧着大烟斗大步流星地走在头里，穿上了新鞋的那群孩子们围着薛明阿姨又蹦又跳地欢声笑语。贺龙说：“这是你们的爸爸打了胜仗，我们庆祝胜利，往后，一个人可不许上街！” “为什么？”孩子们天真地问。 “因为西安过去是胡宗南的老窝子，刚解放过来，暗藏的坏人还很多，很不平静……”贺龙父亲似的给孩子们讲道理。 老总并非是在哄孩子。自从六军占领西安之后，这座“不平静”的古城每分钟都处在慌乱不安的情境中，数不清的谣言，离奇古怪，头五天内，就发生了170余起的抢劫事件，老百姓看不到解放军巡逻队时，绝不敢跨出门槛一步！ 这些情况不是偶然的。它起码表明了一个事实：胡宗南放弃西安是多么的不情愿、多么的无奈！其内心怀有极大的矛盾。 尽管胡宗南退守秦岭的方案早已了然于胸，然而，一旦成为事实，仍无异于山崩地裂。他丢下的毕竟是西安啊！想当初，胡不止一次夸夸其谈地对人述说所谓“以退为进”、所谓“不计较一城一池”“大踏步撤退”，实际上那是他潜意识中的“山雨欲来”。他研究共产党，敢于面对现实、看清战场优劣变化，这是其“志大”的一面；而他想机械模仿共产党处于劣势时的那套战术，以为这是什么灵丹妙药，显然露出了他“才疏”的一面。他既没有共产党大放大收的那种胸襟，亦不懂得任何战术都有其背景条件——共产党的“人心”背景。而今国民党早已山河日下，民心丧尽。没有了水，怎能效法鱼儿遨游？ 昏昏沉沉的胡宗南，被他的第一军簇拥着，不知不觉越过宝鸡来到汉中。一到汉中，他就后悔得遁地无门。丧家之犬的滋味不好受啊！而且，他这一跑不要紧；青海马步芳和宁夏马鸿逵可找到了表现的机会。多少年来，此二人对“西安尕人”胡宗南始终耿耿于怀——这是蒋介石压在他们心头的一块石头，敢怒而不敢言。一年多了，二马硬是耐着性子目睹胡宗南咕噜咕噜沉下去。可如今这块石头真的沉下去了，唇亡齿寒之感又立刻逼到了眼前。胡宗南的背影靠不住了，兰州那个作威作福的马家小朝廷一下子将赤裸裸的屁股蛋暴露在共产党的枪口之下。 经历了最初的乍喜乍惊，马家军的巨头们心情复杂地云集到兰州三爱堂。这时，国民党主持西北