Chapter 3 The Second War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea Begins

On September 30, Premier Zhou Enlai warned the United States in the report of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference celebrating the first anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China: "If the American aggressors think this is a sign of the weakness of the Chinese people, they will repeat the same crime as the Kuomintang reactionaries." A serious mistake. The Chinese people love peace, but in order to defend peace, they are never and never afraid to resist wars of aggression, nor can they allow the imperialists to aggress against their neighbors and ignore them.”

While initially deciding to send troops to aid North Korea, the Chinese government once again warned the US authorities, hoping to avoid further deterioration of the situation in North Korea. In the early morning of October 3, Zhou Enlai urgently summoned the Indian ambassador to China, Panikha, and asked him to send the following message to the US authorities through the Indian government: "The US military is trying to cross the 38th parallel and expand the war. If the US military really does this, we will We can’t sit idly by, we have to take care of it.” Zhou Enlai: "We have exchanged views on the North Korean incident. We advocate a peaceful settlement and localization of the North Korean incident. We still advocate this. I also stated the attitude of our government in my report on October 1. We want to Peace, we are going to build in peace. We have done a great job on this in the past year. The American government is not reliable."

Paniker said: "MacArthur is putting a lot of pressure on the U.S. government. It was reported yesterday that the South Korean army has crossed the 38th parallel by nine miles." Zhou Enlai: "We have also received the same news. It is said that it is on the east coast. Another news said that the troops commanded by General Walker had crossed the 38th Parallel, but it did not specify whether it was the South Korean Army or the U.S. Army." Panikha said: "I will immediately report to Prime Minister Nehru. Apart from what your Excellency has said above, is there anything else that I need to report? Is there any suggestion?"

Zhou Enlai: "For everything else, let us study Prime Minister Nehru's letter and report it at the next meeting." Paniker asked: "Your Excellency said that the North Korean incident should be localized. Does it mean that the Korean war should be limited to the south of the 38th parallel? Or does it mean that the Korean war should be stopped immediately?" Zhou Enlai replied firmly: "The war in Korea should stop immediately and foreign troops should retreat. This is beneficial to the peace of the East. The idea of ​​localizing the Korean incident is to prevent the expansion of the US military's aggression into a worldwide incident."

Paniker asked: "The localization of the North Korean incident currently involves two issues: first, the US military is about to cross the 38th parallel, so the North Korean incident may mean that all US troops that have crossed the 38th parallel must be withdrawn immediately; second, The North Korean incident must be resolved peacefully, and the relevant countries, such as China and the Soviet Union, must participate in the discussion. In order to make my report to Prime Minister Nehru more clear, what should be the meaning of any proposal that may be accepted by China?" Zhou Enlai replied: "These are two issues. First, the U.S. military is trying to cross the 38th parallel to expand the war. We must manage it. This is a serious situation caused by the U.S. government; second, we advocate that the North Korean incident should be resolved peacefully. The Korean war must stop immediately, the invading troops must withdraw, and the countries concerned must discuss a peaceful solution within the United Nations."