Chapter 102 About rectifying the Three Winds[1]

(April 20, 1942) Last time I talked about the current situation, and today I will talk about the current educational work in Yan'an.Education is of great significance now, and education must be strengthened in order to cope with the current situation and to meet the future situation.The current situation is one in which the Kuomintang's anti-communist upsurge may come.When the anti-Communist upsurge comes, our difficulties will be even greater; if the anti-Communist upsurge does not come, we will also be very difficult.This year and next year will be the most difficult two years, so we need to strengthen our internal education.The Kuomintang is absolutely correct when it says that we are changing our style of work, rectifying and consolidating our internal affairs.For the present, we must do this; for the future, we must do the same.The darkness of the current situation is only temporary and is subject to change.The whole world, the whole of China, will undergo a change in the near future, and fascism will fall.In order to welcome the light, we must strengthen our education and prepare our minds.Reporting and estimating the current situation is a form of mental preparation.We understand Marxism-Leninism and reverse subjectivism. This is a more profound and thorough method of strengthening education.If all our party cadres can change their style of work, expand the righteous style, and eliminate the unhealthy style within the current one or two years, this goal will be achieved, our internal affairs will be strengthened, our cadres will be promoted, and our Only then can we have the ability to welcome the bright world in the future and grasp this new bright world.In short, we need to strengthen education to deal with the darkness, and we need to strengthen education to welcome the light. No matter how we say it, we need to strengthen education.

From the perspective of our party's history, there was very little internal education for cadres that was comprehensive, party-wide, and conducted by the central leadership.Since the central government issued a decision on strengthening party spirit in July last year, we have paid attention to this issue as a whole, from top to bottom, and it is of great significance.The education and study being carried out in Yan'an now has national significance.Comrades present in the Central Study Group [2], and the work cadres in Yan'an as a whole, are studying, and this meaning is not partial.One reason is that our organs are directly under the central government, and here—the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region has the greatest political significance among all the border regions, and many cadres here are doing national work.Secondly, cadres from many parts of the country came here. These cadres originally came from all over the country. , or came to Yan'an to study.Yan'an is a place where talents from all over the country are concentrated, so our educational work has national significance.The cadres in Yan'an have been educated and learned well. Now they can deal with the darkness, and in the future they can welcome the light and create a new world. This is of great significance, and it is nationwide.What’s more, this kind of operation in Yan’an has been done very well, and the news has spread to various base areas and areas ruled by the Kuomintang, and party organizations in various places will follow us.Now we are just working here, we have to spread some things through the "Liberation Daily" and Xinhua News Agency.Now Xinhua News Agency should mainly broadcast educational materials, Comrade Liu Shaoqi's "On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members", Stalin's Twelve Points[3], Stalin's On Inspection, Lenin's Discipline, Dimitrov's Policy on Cadres and other documents .Of course, now that the world is in a war situation, war news cannot be absent, but it can be broadcast less. For example, news about the war in India can be broadcast less, news about the war in the Soviet Union can also be broadcast less, and educational materials should be broadcast more. Sanfeng's reports can also be broadcast more.North China sent a report on the rectification of the Three Winds, which can be rebroadcast from Yan'an.More could be done in the fight against subjectivism.

Now, the Kuomintang also uses our opposition to subjectivism, sectarianism, and party stereotypes to scold us and write articles in newspapers to scold us.But we will continue to oppose it. Of course, the subjectivism we oppose is completely different from what they criticize.We must first of all make the comrades present, and through the comrades present, all the cadres in Yan'an understand that what we are doing now is a matter of great significance, a matter of national significance, and a matter of national significance. The matter of building the party will make our party's work more perfect and sound.Now the Central Committee has made up its mind to oppose subjectivism, sectarianism, and stereotyped writing in the party. It must change our style of study, party style, and writing style, expand the positive trend, and reduce and eliminate the unhealthy trend.In addition to some daily necessary work, the ministries and commissions of the central government devote all their energy to this work.At this point, whether it can be done well, of course, it is still uncertain.At present, there are still some comrades in various institutions and schools who do not understand this clearly, do not regard this matter as an important task, and do not regard this work as a central task.We said that it should be regarded as a main task in the last three months. Should other tasks be stopped? The daily and necessary work will not be stopped, and it must be under the condition that the daily and necessary work will not be stopped. Treat it like a major job.What about unimportant work? Stop temporarily unimportant work.There are many courses in the school, and those that are not important can also be stopped.For example, at the Central Party School, they devote all their energy to this matter. There are 18 documents[4], plus four documents[5], making a total of 22 documents. It takes two and a half months to study.Academia Sinica will also stop studying these documents in other courses.Other schools, depending on the situation, can stop some courses more or less.Various agencies can also stop some unimportant work more or less according to the situation. That is to say, in addition to daily necessary work, the discussion and research of the 22 documents, as well as work inspections and ideological inspections, should be given priority. .The school stipulates that it takes two months, and the government stipulates that it takes three months.If two months of school is not enough, extend it by half a month, and if half a month is not enough, extend it by one month.If three months are not enough for the agency, extend it by half a month, and if half a month is not enough, extend it by one month.All in all, we must do a thorough job of opposing subjectivism, we must do it well, we must make such a determination.If it is not done well, it will be done again, and if it is not done well, it will have to be done again, and it must be done thoroughly.If someone objected, he had to be persuaded, and if he was not convinced, he had to say it again, and he must be convinced.All in all, we must go to the end, we must rectify the three winds, and we must carry out a complete ideological change.This transformation has been prepared for a long time, since the Zunyi meeting, especially after the Central Committee’s decision on strengthening party spirit was promulgated last July, it has been ten months now, and a lot of preparatory work has been done.Now there is another three-month assault. After the assault, we will switch to regular work.During the assault, except for some necessary work, everything was stopped.We must make senior leading cadres have this understanding and have this determination, and we must also make all comrades have this understanding and determination, so that we can achieve unity of thought and unity of action.

If not, it is rare.Why? Because there were serious problems in the education of cadres in the past, especially in the school education where the policy was completely shifted to the other side, and the study of Marxism-Leninism was violated. The method was also a method that violated Marxism-Leninism. , the poison is quite deep.The current poison of subjectivism is both historical and recent, and it is quite deep.The poison of history is left behind.Recently, many things have not been done well in education.Because thinking is complicated, thoughts are not unified, and actions are not unified, so this person thinks about problems this way, that person thinks about problems that way, this person sees Marxism-Leninism this way, and that person thinks about Marxism-Leninism that way.One person says something is black, another person says it is white, one person says something, ten people say ten things, a hundred people say a hundred things, everyone has their own way of thinking.This is almost the case in Yan'an. Liberalism is quite strong, and it can also be said that it is very strong among certain departments.Liberalism is a bourgeois, petty-bourgeois ideology, and Communist Party members should not have it.But does anyone now say that this is petty-bourgeois consciousness, bourgeois consciousness? No one has pointed this out.Under such circumstances, when all kinds of cadres, new and old, male and female, educated people, cadres from various places, and people engaged in various jobs get together, something goes wrong.This shortcoming will be difficult to overcome if you do not study the twenty-two designated documents well and implement them in your actual actions after these few months of work.It is necessary to link theory with actual actions, and link what is said in the document with your own actions.What is reality? Personal historical reality, the historical reality of agency work, what each comrade thinks and does is reality.We can conduct a study on them first, and unify our thoughts and actions during the research and inspection; if we don’t do this, we will not be able to achieve the goal of unifying our thoughts and actions.That is to say, there are many things that violate Marxism-Leninism, which need to be eliminated in this education and inspection. To achieve this goal, we must use the main energy to do it, otherwise, this goal will not be achieved, and it will be difficult. To deal with the current situation is difficult, if you start a war and lose Yan'an, you will be screaming and jumping like chickens and dogs. At that time, "all schools of thought" will come out, it will be terrible, and the future will be very difficult. Arrival, even when it comes, cannot be grasped.

Among the Communist parties in the world, except for the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, only the Communist Party of China has bases and can educate and train its own cadres.Maybe you don’t feel the benefits of this now. If Yan’an is lost, you will know the benefits of Yan’an. There are so many cave dwellings, and there are 22 documents that can be read and discussed. Pay attention to studying should not be, then you will regret it.It's nothing if Yan'an is lost, the Zhang family also wants to be independent, and the Wang family also needs to be independent, that's a big deal.So even if Yan'an is lost, anti-subjectivism must be carried out, and combat must also be carried out.In short, it must be done, even if it is screaming, and it must be done even if it is beaten badly.To be able to deal with future difficulties, we must do it quickly, and we must read these documents now.The decision of the Central Propaganda Department said that notes should be written, and party members have the obligation to obey the party's decision.You say I don't write notes, that's not okay, as a party member, iron discipline must be enforced.The hoop on Sun Xingzhe's head is gold. Lenin said that the discipline of the Communist Party is iron, which is stronger and harder than Sun Xingzhe's golden hoop. This is written in the book "Left Wings" in the Communist Movement There are in "Infantile Diseases".There is a sentence in our "tightening mantra" called "write notes", we all have to write, and I also have to write a little bit.Stalin's Twelve Points cannot be clearly studied without some notes.Regardless of whether it is a cultural person, a "martial arts person", a man or a woman, whether it is a new cadre or an old cadre, whether it is a school or an office, everyone must write notes.First of all, the chief should write, and the class and group leaders must write, must write, and check the notes.When reading documents, you must write notes by hand. Now many comrades have written notes by hand, and many comrades who have made mistakes in the past have written notes.We say that it doesn't matter if you make mistakes, as long as you recognize the mistakes you made and can correct them, that's good, you're a good comrade.Now some comrades who have made mistakes are writing notes. This is a very good phenomenon. If you make mistakes and pretend to be an old man, it will not work.Those who have made credit in the past should also write notes. Don’t turn the credit into a burden on your back and don’t care about everything. This will only turn the credit into a heavy burden.Some people may say that I have contributed a lot, so why not write notes.That won't work, no matter how great the credit is, I still have to write notes.Some people may say that I know everything about astronomy, geography, and trigonometry. It took me three months to read these few documents, but I finished them in three days.Some people said, what is this, I can take the test without looking at it.To be able to do this is of course very accomplished, but I say otherwise.Why not? What kind of documents are the twenty-two documents? They are a summary of the experience of the world revolution for more than 100 years, and a summary of the experience of the Chinese revolution in the 20 years since the birth of the Communist Party of China.Stalin’s Twelve Points were written seventeen years ago. Without the experience of the proletarian revolution in the world, could Stalin have written the Twelve Points? No, otherwise why didn’t Marx write the Twelve Points? Dimitrov’s report at the Seventh Congress of the Communist International also accumulated nearly a hundred years of experience. He knew that in order to achieve the goal of the revolution, he must implement the four cadre policies mentioned in this report[6].The world revolution is counted from the birth of Marxism, and the Chinese revolution is counted from the year when the Communist Party was born. The May 4th Movement is not counted, and only twenty years are mentioned.The experience of the Communist Party of China has also been gained through hardships. Don’t look at it so easily. Without 20 years of twists and turns, without 20 years of struggle, it is impossible for the central government to make these decisions today, and it is impossible for the central government to produce propaganda. The Ministry's decision on April 3rd.Some comrades said that these decisions are very good, and it would have been better if they had been made five years earlier.I said what you said is good, it would have been better if it came out twenty years earlier.Wouldn't it be better, wouldn't it be the best policy, if the Chinese Communist Party had no subjectivism, sectarianism, or stereotyped Party writing from the day it was born.Is there such a good policy in the world? No! Everything needs experience, and any good policy is a summary of experience.Young people who have just studied for a few years are so arrogant, saying that they can finish reading in three days, can take the exam without reading, and don't need to study for two or three months.Some people say that they have walked 25,000 miles and 35,000 miles, so what else can they learn?Sailors are the most traveled people in the world. They walk every day and travel around the world, but if they don't take notes, they can't sum up their experience.It sometimes takes six or seven months, or at least a few weeks, for the central government to formulate a document. It seems that we are always stupid and others are always smart, and we can't come up with resolutions quickly.So don't take things too easily.Many comrades underestimate Stalin's Twelve Points, underestimate the resolutions of the Central Committee, and underestimate Marxism-Leninism. This point must be made clear, and they must not be underestimated. They must write notes, discuss them, and reflect on them.Comrade Kang Sheng [7] talked about criticism and self-criticism at the mobilization meeting the day before yesterday. Criticism is to criticize others, and self-criticism is to criticize oneself.Criticism and self-criticism are a whole, and both are indispensable, but as a leader, self-criticism is the main thing.Work must have a focus. The focus of our educational work today is to think about, study, and reflect on ourselves. The focus is on ourselves. What is correct will be enlarged, and what is incorrect will be eliminated and eliminated.We must make all our students and cadres understand that the focus of rectification is on ourselves.To help others, you must first improve yourself. If you do not improve yourself, it is difficult to help others. This point must be made clear.Our comrades present here must lead by example, make progress on their own, repeatedly study their own thoughts, their own history, and their current work, reflect on themselves, and be role models.Be sure to do this.No matter who wants to do this, they have to study twenty-two documents, they have to read them well, and they have to understand them well.We have to express our attitude towards these things, whether we are in favor or against.If you think these documents do not conform to the principles of Marxism-Leninism, then you should raise your opinion.If you think that you stand on the standpoint of Marxism-Leninism instead of violating Marxism-Leninism, and that you do not violate the Party's policies and principles but conform to the Party's policies and principles, you should express your support and approval.We must bring down the determination of the Central Committee, the determination of senior cadres, and the determination of comrades in the Central Study Group.We must do this, and we must further implement it well.Oppose liberalism and subjectivism. Don't say that eating chili is right opportunism like when you opposed "opportunism" in Jiangxi. Instead, you must be correct and thorough.Our comrades in the central government discussed that all the central organs should be mobilized to help the whole of Yan'an rectify the "three winds", and many cadres went to help various organs and schools.Except for the non-stop of daily necessary work, all the central organs mobilized to rectify the three winds.This is the case for central government agencies, and it should be even more so for government agencies and schools.Research documents for three months, check work for one month, and hold several meetings, such as organizational meetings, publicity meetings, and other meetings.Comrade Ren Bishi[8] is in charge of guiding the border area level, Comrades Wang Jiaxiang and Chen Yun[9] are in charge of the Military Commission system, and comrades Kang Sheng and Li Fuchun[10] are in charge of the various organs directly under the Central Committee. Comrade Kai Feng [11] is in charge of the schools (except the party school), and I am in charge of the party school.The goal to achieve in this study and inspection is to change the style of work and unite within the Party. It is to change the viewpoint, method of thinking, and style of work as stated in the decision, to unite the cadres and unite the entire Party.

In the research, discussion of documents and inspection work, many cadres will be active and enthusiastic, and there will be some people who are also enthusiastic and engaged in work, but it is the same as usual, and there will be a small number of people who are worse, called backward.There are generally these three types of people in most places, the enthusiastic and correct ones, the ordinary ones, and the backward ones.We cannot treat these people as equals.It is not good to implement egalitarianism among cadres. Equalitarianism is to make activists and ordinary elements look like backward elements.We must make the backward elements and ordinary elements on par with the progressive ones, make the backward comrades with poor ideology and actions, and incorrect comrades emulate the correct and active comrades, and make ordinary comrades emulate the active comrades.Without such guidance, it is wrong to confuse the positive with the backward, not to encourage the positive, and to treat the backward in the same way.Then who wants to be active? Then there would be no Stakhanov[12].Why did the Soviet Union advocate learning from Stakhanov? Because he was active and wanted others to emulate him.We should adopt such an attitude and call on all people to emulate the activists.Of course, when doing it, we must also be careful not to praise too much or be inappropriate, making people think that some leaders particularly like it and some leaders particularly dislike it, so it will not work well.To make everyone move forward and keep up with the positive, we must have the spirit of uniting cadres and uniting the whole party.

There are also issues of collection, study of twenty-two documents and inspection work.All government agencies and schools hold meetings to discuss and answer questions, and at the same time reflect these problems to the central government.We want to have two types, one for the best and one for the worst.Report these two opinions and situations to the Central Committee.The problems that occurred during the study were answered by each unit themselves, and those that could not be answered were discussed in a meeting, and if they could not be solved, they were handed over to the central government for reply.That's it for collecting questions and answering questions.Among the cadres, we must separate the activists, ordinary elements, and backward elements, and pay special attention to those who have ideological problems and party spirit, and adopt the method of talking to them individually.This method has been practiced by the Northwest Bureau and many other agencies, and it has produced very good results.Another way is to hold a cadre meeting.Conduct individual talks and hold cadre meetings, and use these two methods to do work.How will the cadres meet? I talked to Comrade Wang Shoudao [13] yesterday. In his department, there are more than 20 team leaders and section chiefs, and more than 60 other cadres, a total of more than 80 people.I thought it would be possible to hold a meeting with more than 20 people every two weeks and once a month with more than 80 people.At a meeting of more than 20 people, systematically inform them of the spirit of the central study group and the content to be discussed, so that discussions can be started and everyone can express their opinions. According to the situation of the organization, more than ten or eight or nine people can hold such a meeting. Yes, once a week is best, if not once a fortnight, these people are the direct leaders of the others.The other people meet once a month. There are too many people in this kind of meeting, and it may be difficult to discuss. You can report and explain to them the situation discussed at the meeting of more than 20 people. This method of meeting is necessary.To have contact with cadres, one is to talk to cadres, and the other is to hold meetings.Using these two methods, we can know what each comrade thinks, what problems he has, what they are dissatisfied with, and what they are satisfied with.It is not yet the time to review the work, and some things can only be discussed then, such as the method of criticizing the leader first and then criticizing the led.Last time Comrade Deng Fa [14] reported on the experience of the trade unions. He criticized the shortcomings of the leaders first, and everyone was willing to speak up.The inspection work should encourage everyone to speak up, as the vice president of the Academia Sinica [15] said, speaking boldly and with a purpose, as long as it does not violate the law and is within the prescribed scope, speaking is allowed.Correct or incorrect refers to the content of the speech, some are correct and some are not.Wrong words happen during the process of speaking, and should be allowed. Wrong words can be corrected later.When a problem arises during the discussion, it is better to criticize the leader first and then the led. This method is similar to the trade union method.The overall responsibility, whether it is done well this time, is the responsibility of the central government.Whether the various departments are doing well or not, the chief executive bears the main responsibility, instead of the party branch being responsible according to the past method, this time it is stipulated that the administrative responsibility is responsible.Whether individual conversations solved problems, whether cadres studied twenty-two documents and wrote notes, whether inspections were conducted, whether work styles were changed, whether the goals of discussions were achieved, and whether there were few or no achievements, the responsibility for this rested with the chief executive.All the comrades present here today must be responsible. I hope that you will think about it carefully, study it, discuss it with the cadres of the departments you lead, exchange opinions, and achieve the goal of rectifying the three winds.Others rectify three styles, but I do not rectify one style. If Party members are like this, it is not good.You are a member of the Communist Party, so you should obey the party's decision. If you don't rectify one style, is that okay? You can't rectify two styles. We say that we must rectify three styles.To rectify the three winds, some partial winds will not be allowed. After rectifying two and a half winds, there is still half of the wind left, okay? No! The three winds must be rectified.We have to shoulder this responsibility.The method is important here. First of all, we must publicize. The decision of the Propaganda Department provides the method, that is, to study and discuss the 22 documents, and to check the work. Only in this way can we do a good job.It's not easy.

I heard that some institutions and schools have very tight arrangements, and it takes only two days to study a document.Many documents need to be analyzed and studied one by one, and the second one should be done after finishing one. At this time, ignore the others and focus on this one.Some can be studied together in two or three, but they must be studied one by one first.It was not easy to understand Stalin's Twelve Points. Many people tried to catch them, but failed.We need to do it one by one, and use the method of analysis. After one is done, we will work on the second one. If we go on like this, first ten will be left, then eight will be left, and finally they will all be "eliminated".First analyze them one by one, and then put them together to understand everything.This time we want to come up with some tricks to make the whole party look brand-new, which requires the comrades present to take responsibility.Whether the rectification of the three winds is done well has a great bearing on the present, the future, and the leadership of the entire revolution. We must make up our minds to do this well.

Published based on the transcript of the speech kept by the Central Archives. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] This is Mao Zedong's report at the meeting of the Central Study Group. [2] The Central Study Group, also known as the Central Research Group, was established by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in August 1941. The purpose is to improve the theoretical level and political level of senior party cadres, and to overcome the subjective doctrine and formalism. [3] Refers to the twelve basic conditions that the communist parties of various countries must meet in order to achieve Bolshevikization, as stated in Stalin's talk with Herzog, a member of the German Communist Party in February 1925. (See the first volume of "Selected Works of Stalin", People's Publishing House, 1979 edition, pages 311-313)

[4] Refers to the 18 documents of the rectification study stipulated in the "Decision of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Discussing the Central Committee's Decision and Comrade Mao Zedong's Report on Rectifying the Three Styles in Yan'an" on April 3, 1942: 1. Mao Zedong’s February 1. Report at the Party School; 2. Mao Zedong's report at the Yan'an cadre meeting on February 8; 3. Kang Sheng's report twice; Seventh, the decision of the Central Committee on the education of in-service cadres; Eighth, Mao Zedong's speech at the Senate Council of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region; Ninth, Mao Zedong's report on reforming and studying; Mao Zedong’s Rural Survey Preface II; XII, Six Concluding Remarks of "The History of the Communist Party of China"; Thirteen, Stalin’s Discussion on the Bolshevikization of the Party Twelve Articles; XIV, Liu Shaoqi’s "On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members", Chapter II, II and III , Sections 4 and 5; 15. Chen Yun's discussion on how to be a Communist Party member; 16. The Ninth Congress of the Fourth Red Army discussed incorrect tendencies within the party; 17. Propaganda guide booklet; 18. Central Propaganda Department Regarding the discussion in Yan'an of the Central Committee's decision and Comrade Mao Zedong's decision to rectify the Three Styles Report.

[5] Refers to the four rectification study documents added in the "Notice on Increasing Study Materials and Study Time" issued by the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on April 16, 1942: 1. Stalin on leadership and inspection; 2. Lenin , Stalin, etc. on party discipline and party democracy; third, Stalin on egalitarianism; fourth, Dimitrov on cadre policy and cadre education policy. [6] Refers to Dimitrov, General Secretary of the Executive Committee of the Communist International, who proposed in "Working Class Unite Against Fascism (Reply to the Congress Discussion)" at the Seventh Congress of the Communist International in August 1935 Four conditions for the correct selection of cadres: first, to be unconditionally dedicated to the cause of the working class, loyal to the party, and tested before the enemy—in battle, in prison, in court; Second, to be extremely close to the masses; third, to be able to find one's own way independently and not to be afraid of taking responsibility for decision-making; fourth, to be able to confront incongruously not only all phenomena contrary to the Bolshevik line, but also to class enemies When fighting, we must observe discipline and be tempered by the Bolsheviks. [7] Kang Sheng (1898-1975), born in Jiao County, Shandong (now Jiaozhou City).At that time, he was the secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the deputy director of the General Academic Committee. [8] Ren Bishi was the Secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Secretary-General of the Central Committee at that time. [9] Wang Jiayang, then served as vice chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, director of the General Political Department, and deputy head of the Central Study Group.Chen Yun was then the secretary of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee and head of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee. [10] Li Fuchun (1900-1975), born in Changsha, Hunan.At that time, he was Deputy Secretary-General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Director of the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. [11] Kaifeng, that is, He Kaifeng, also known as He Kequan, was the deputy director and acting director of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at that time. [12] Stakhanov (1906-1977), a coal mining worker in Donbass, the Soviet Union, and a famous innovator in the coal industry.Due to his application of new technology and improvement of labor organization, on August 30, 1935, he created a record of 102 tons of coal mining with pneumatic picks in 5 hours and 45 minutes, which was equivalent to ten percent of the production quota at that time. four times.This advanced example was quickly spread widely and developed into a mass socialist competition movement, called the Stakhanov movement. [13] Wang Shoudao, born in 1906, from Liuyang, Hunan.At that time, he was the director of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. [14] Deng Fa (1906-1946), born in Yunfu, Guangdong.At that time, he was the Secretary of the Workers' Movement Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. [15] Refers to Fan Wenlan, then vice president of Academia Sinica.