Chapter 21 The Current Situation of the Anti-Japanese War and the Outline of the Party's Task Report

(October 1937) Part One: The Current Situation of the War of Resistance 1. The current situation and estimation of the Sino-Japanese War (1) The recent war situation in North China and the Yangtze River area after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident. (2) The Japanese aggressors won temporary partial victories in the war of aggression because: 1. It is an imperialist country with a powerful armed force; 2. It is a close neighbor to China; 3. It has a well-planned plan Ready to attack. (3) But this time it is different from the "September 18th". Every inch of land it occupied has paid a huge price and encountered strong resistance.

(4) China waged a resolute and heroic anti-Japanese national self-defense war. Although it suffered a temporary partial defeat, this national self-defense war: 1. Unprecedentedly carried forward the greatness, resolute and brave spirit of the Chinese nation, and broke the past 2. Unprecedentedly consolidated the solidarity and unity within China, showing the new atmosphere of the Republic of China; 3. Bringing the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, which had been at odds for ten years, back to cooperation, The Kuomintang has made a decisive change. (5) This temporary and partial defeat is also due to the fact that China is a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country, so: 1. The military technology is backward; 2. The government and the army are old and corrupt, with many diseases and weaknesses; 3. The military command is very backward ; 4. The government is afraid of opening up the democracy movement.

(6) This kind of defeat is generally unavoidable when semi-colonial countries start fighting with imperialist countries. 2. The current crisis and difficulties (1) It is precisely because of this temporary partial defeat that there are many difficulties in the military, political, financial and economic fields at present. (2) This kind of difficulty is used by national defeatists, traitors, and pro-Japanese factions to prove that China cannot resist Japan, so as to facilitate their surrender and compromise; the superficiality of their activities, their danger, and their strength cannot contempt.Their weakness is that they do not have the support of the army and the people.

(3) This kind of difficulty caused wavering and disappointment among some members of the anti-Japanese faction, who felt that there was no way out and no way out for the war of resistance. This is the greatest danger at present.However, Chiang Kai-shek, the "determining force" within the Anti-Japanese War faction, still advocates resolute resistance to this day. (4) Now is the juncture of crisis transformation. 3. Our position (1) We believe that the defeat at this time is a temporary and partial defeat, not a final and complete defeat.The battle to determine the outcome is still ahead, and the final outcome will be determined in a protracted war.

(2) However, we believe that we are currently at a critical juncture. Our immediate task is to unite the anti-Japanese faction, first of all, further cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and use all our strength to break the conspiracy of the pro-Japanese faction and overcome the current situation. Despite all difficulties, continue to fight. (3) We must use the most concrete facts to prove to the people of the whole country that China's war of resistance can be won, and propose specific solutions to solve the current difficulties. Can the second Chinese War of Resistance be won?

1. Three factors that determine the outcome of the Sino-Japanese War (1) The power of China. (2) The power of Japan. (3) International power. But the deciding factor is China's own power. 2. China's power is becoming stronger in the war of resistance (1) The Anti-Japanese War expanded and consolidated the anti-Japanese national united front and the unity and consolidation of China (the cooperation between the KMT and the Communist Party, the government and the people, the local and the central). (2) The Anti-Japanese War turned the government into a national defense government, and laid the initial foundation for the establishment of a unified national defense government: resolutely resisting the Japanese national defense policy, confirming the convening of the national defense conference - releasing political prisoners - abolishing the Emergency Code - national salvation movement Some degree of legalization of the Chinese Communist Party -- the fight against corruption -- the fight against traitors.

(3) The National Revolutionary Army began to become a unified national defense force, laying the initial foundation for the establishment of a unified national defense force in the future: the establishment of a unified command headquarters-the division of each theater-the mobilization of troops from various provinces to the front-the reorganization of the Red Army into the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army - Beginning of new armies - Political work begins in the more advanced armies. (4) A large number of people were mobilized to participate in the war of resistance, resulting in the climax of the national war of resistance.

(5) The more persistent the War of Resistance, the more united and powerful China will be, and the more China will be able to become a democratic republic and defeat the Japanese aggressors. 3. Weaknesses and difficulties of the Japanese invaders (1) Financial and economic difficulties, especially the lack of development of military industry. (2) The intensification of domestic contradictions (government and people, the military, and the bourgeoisie). (3) China's vast land and resources make it impossible for the Japanese army to allocate enough to consolidate the occupied areas.

(4) Japan's rear is not consolidated (Korea, Taiwan, the four northeastern provinces [1], etc.). (5) The more persistent the War of Resistance, the more vulnerable Japan will be, and the more favorable it will be for us to win the War of Resistance. 4. International Situation (1) The War of Resistance in China has aroused the sympathy and assistance of the proletariat and people all over the world—the attitude of the Social Democratic Party—the attitude of the British Labor Party and the trade unions—the sympathy of the French trade unions and the Social Democratic Party—the most reactionary trade union federation in the United States Advocating anti-Japanese and anti-goods—Amsterdam International [2] Joining the Soviet trade union.Soviet Union.

(2) The attitudes of countries around the world—France—Britain—America—inconsistent internal attitudes.Germany, Italy. (3) Generally speaking, the international situation is favorable to China, while Japan is relatively isolated. V. Conclusion (1) China has the strength to defeat Japan.The situation at home and abroad is favorable to China. (2) The focus today is to persevere in the war of resistance and wage a protracted war. Part Three: How to Win the War of Resistance 1. Expand and consolidate the anti-Japanese national united front based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party

(1) First of all, it must be explained to people inside and outside the party that the basic condition of the united front is resistance to Japan, "resistance to Japan is above all else", and democracy and people's livelihood are secondary. (2) The contents of the united front are: 1. the anti-Japanese cooperation of all parties and factions; 2. a unified national defense government; 3. a unified national defense force; 4. a unified mass organization.It is not arranged by the one-party government, the military, and the public groups. (3) The purpose of the cooperation among all parties and factions within the united front is to "help each other and develop each other", not who leads the other.For example, our attitude towards the Kuomintang and its factions is to help them develop, consolidate and unite, not to weaken it and divide it (for the Kuomintang factions such as CC, Whampoa, Fuxingshe, and fascism). (4) Our working methods for allies: 1. Provide practical and specific help, and adopt more suggested methods; 2. Put forward appropriate demands and slogans according to their level of consciousness and urgent needs, not too high or too left; 3. . Well-meaning criticism should also be praised for their benefits; 4. Promoting by using the power of the masses, that is, bottom-up promotion, but not confrontation. (5) Explain to the Kuomintang people that the Communist Party must not only cooperate with the Kuomintang on the issue of resistance to Japan, but also cooperate with the Kuomintang on the realization of the Three Principles of the People and the establishment of a new China.So it's a long-term, multi-decade collaboration, not a one-time collaboration or gimmick.We must fight to the end for the united front. (6) Contradictions and frictions within the united front are inevitable and can only be weakened but not eliminated. Internal contradictions and frictions should be resolved and eased under the principle of developing the anti-Japanese movement and anti-Japanese paramountcy. (7) The two fronts in the united front struggle against capitulationism and closed-doorism.What is "independence"? (8) How to expand the united front: 1. The united front of all parties and factions; 2. All mass organizations join the united front; 3. Organizational and unorganized join the united front; molecular. 2. Establish a unified national defense government on the basis of the national government (1) We should establish a unified national defense government on the basis of the anti-Japanese national government, not another government.promote the current government. (2) We require reputable elements from all parties and factions, including the Communist Party, to join the government, consolidate the central government, and adhere to the policy of the War of Resistance. (3) Gradually eliminate pro-Japanese elements and corrupt elements in the government. (4) Help the central government to improve the local government, oppose the feudal separatist situation, and help the local government to progress and become an organic part of the central government.Eliminate the opposition between the central and local governments. (5) Quickly resolve the issue of the special zone.Principles for solving the SAR government: 1. Maintain the leadership of the party; 2. Make the SAR a part of the local government of the Republic of China; 3. Maintain the SAR as an advanced anti-Japanese area, a driving force for national democratization, and the prototype of New China. (6) A strict distinction should be made between special zones and united front areas (such as areas where the Eighth Route Army is stationed). (7) Communist Party members should be models of resolute courage, hard work, dedication to justice, courtesy, righteousness and shame in governments at all levels, and be subject to strict supervision by the central and local parties. (8) Our goal is to realize a parliamentary democratic republic, which must be the case both at home and abroad. (example from Spain) 3. Expand and establish a unified national defense force on the basis of the existing army (1) To expand and build on the existing basis, not to eliminate the existing army. (2) It cannot be said that the current anti-Japanese army is still the army of warlords, and the people who lead the troops are still warlords.Warlords can be transformed into national heroes, good soldiers. (3) How should we help expand and establish a unified national defense force? 1. Establish a political work system: (1) to strengthen the combat effectiveness of the troops, (2) improve the relationship between the army and the people, (3) improve the relationship between officers and soldiers; 2. Unify command, Discipline, arming, supply, combat planning, etc.; 3. Oppose the warlordism of supporting troops for self-defense, but also oppose the central government's discrimination against localities; 4. Help the government implement the conscription system; 5. Cultivate a large number of military and political talents, improve and expand military and political schools; 6. Improve military technology and military command. (4) Expand and consolidate the Eighth Route Army, strengthen the Party's leadership, strengthen political work, improve technical equipment, make it a part of the National Defense Forces, and play an exemplary role in it. (5) Communist Party members should go to the army, go to the military academy, go to the guard corps, the young men's corps, the volunteer army, and the guerrillas, and become models of political awareness, resolute courage, hard work, and observance of discipline, and use their own strengths Status to influence other soldiers and change the quality of the army. (6) Coordinate guerrilla warfare with regular warfare. Guerrilla warfare alone cannot defeat the Japanese aggressors. 4. Mobilize and arm the people, help the government and the army to fight the war, and organize a consolidated rear (1) The contradictions of the Kuomintang in the mass movement: on the one hand, it "needs" and on the other hand, it "fears". To "want" means to make the movement quite legal, and to "fear" means to control it. (2) Our contradictions: We want to mobilize the masses, but our allies are afraid of mobilizing the masses and want to control them.Regarding the difference between "one-sided war of resistance" and "comprehensive war of resistance". (3) However, mass movements can still be launched under such circumstances. The question is what method and what path to use. (4) The basic principles in mass movements should be "legitimacy" and "unity".Utilize all legal forms, even old ones.All for unity and against division.That is, the movements and organizations launched by the Communist Party must also obey these two basic principles. (5) With regard to carrying out the two-front struggle in the national salvation movement, go deep into the masses. (6) With regard to the relationship between the government, the military, and the people (such as conflicts over democracy and people's livelihood), the party should act as a bridge and a mediator.We need the government and the army to make some concessions, but we also need the people to support the government and resist Japan.It is wrong to provoke sharp confrontation. (7) How to arm the people? 1. Mainly seize the enemy's weapons; 2. Ask the government for a part; 3. Try to buy some; (8) Fight against traitors, enemy spies, and bandits, and consolidate the rear, especially bandits: 1. The role of bandits; 2. The danger of bandits; 3. Resolutely eliminate bandits. V. Persistence in North China War of Resistance and Guerrilla Warfare (1) Due to the growth of our Party's strength in North China, we have assumed important responsibilities in North China, especially in the development of guerrilla warfare.We want to set a good example there and influence the whole country. (2) We should adhere to the policy of the national united front, cooperate with all anti-Japanese parties and help organizations to develop their strength, and do not adopt the policy of annexation. (3) Where the old regime exists, use and pass through the old regime to achieve the goal of persevering in the war of resistance; where there is no old regime, a united front government of all parties and factions should be established, the old form should be preserved, and guidance from the higher-level government should be sought , appointment and assistance.When the old command system exists, it should still be used and passed to achieve the goal of persevering in the war of resistance; when it does not exist, a unified command should be established to obtain guidance, appointment and assistance from higher authorities. (4) Help the Kuomintang to establish the Kuomintang Ministry in Ji and Cha [3] provinces, so that it can be connected with the Kuomintang Central Committee. (5) We should divide the traitor organizations in the occupied areas, such as maintenance associations, and strive to make use of these organizations. (6) The people should be armed on a large scale, the Anti-Japanese Army and the Eighth Route Army should be expanded, and self-defense troops, volunteer troops, and guerrillas in various names should be established. (7) Use all old and legal forms to organize the masses to cooperate and unite with each other. All struggles should put the resistance against Japan first. (8) Establish Communist Party organizations on a widespread basis, pay attention to the connection between open work and secret work, and there should be secret Party organizations everywhere. 6. Expansion and establishment of defense industry (1) The national government has not yet paid attention to the importance of the defense industry in the protracted war. (2) The central government should establish a Ministry of Defense Industry to unify planning and guidance. (3) Raising national defense bonds to develop the national defense industry. (4) The defense industry should be located in a safe zone. (5) It is also necessary for each province to set up a small-scale defense industry. (6) The SAR should also start to do this. 7. Seek international assistance to strengthen the strength of the war of resistance (1) Strengthen international publicity (films, picture albums, newspapers, joint speeches, delegations, etc.), obtain sympathetic assistance from various countries, return goods, and sell arms to us instead of Japan. (2) Closer to the peace front countries, Britain, the United States, France, etc., and take advantage of international contradictions. (3) Regarding relations with the Soviet Union. (4) The relationship between domestic policy and foreign policy. 8. Conclusion These tasks are the necessary conditions for the victory of the War of Resistance. This is not just the task of the Communist Party, but the task of the whole nation.We are willing to work together with government authorities, parties, factions, walks of life, and armies to achieve these tasks. Part Four: Building a Strong Communist Party in All of China 1. What did the CCP do during the War of Resistance? (1) Our achievements: 1. The cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party opened up the situation of the War of Resistance; 2. Pointed out the specific program for the victory of the War of Resistance, carried out extensive publicity, and realized certain parts of the program in certain areas ; 3. The Eighth Route Army’s war of resistance and its role; 4. The war of resistance and guerrilla warfare in North China; 5. The mobilization of party members across the country; and prestige. (2) Our weaknesses: 1. The united front is not enough, and party members do not have a deep understanding of the tactics of the united front; 2. The power to mobilize the masses is still weak, and party members cannot go deep into the masses; 3. The organizational strength is weak and lags behind Political influence; 4. Lack of cadres capable of working independently.These weaknesses prevent our work from developing further. (3) We should rely on the positions we have gained, correct our own weaknesses, and develop our work so that the Party can play a decisive role in the War of Resistance. 2. From the party of the Soviet area and the Red Army to the establishment of the party of the whole of China (1) Strive for the party's public status in the country, and use all possible activities to "downhill". (2) To develop and consolidate the Party, and to establish local leading organs. (3) Raise the vigilance within the party and oppose the influx of traitors, spies, speculators, and surrendered elements into the party. (4) Establish a nationwide party newspaper and distribution network. (5) Prepare to convene the Seventh Congress. 3. Cadre Policy (1) The current panic of cadres, strengthen the education, training and promotion of cadres, "cadres decide everything." (2) Examining cadres, and inspecting cadres' political appearance and work ability. (3) To enable our cadres to be able to govern not only the party but also the country, they must know how to speak to the people of China and the world and do things for them, and they must have a broad political vision and the demeanor of a statesman. 4. Struggle for unity within the party (1) Unity within the party is a prerequisite for defeating the Japanese aggressors. (2) The interests of the party are above all else, everything is for the party, and undermining the party means undermining the revolution. (3) Strengthen the education of Marxism-Leninism within the party, and make theory consistent with practice. (4) Correctly develop ideological struggle and self-criticism. (5) Strictly observe party discipline and resolutely abide by the organizational principles of democratic centralism. (6) Fight for the Bolshevik line of the International and the CCP. Printed from transcripts kept at the Central Archives. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] The four eastern provinces refer to the four provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and Rehe.Rehe Province was abolished in 1955, and the areas under its jurisdiction were merged into Hebei, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. [2] The Amsterdam International refers to the Amsterdam Trade Union International, whose official name is the International Trade Union Confederation. It was founded in Amsterdam, the Netherlands in July 1919 under the auspices of the Second International, and was dissolved in December 1945. [3] Cha, referring to Chahar, the old name of the province, which was abolished in 1952, and the original jurisdiction was merged into Hebei and Shanxi provinces.