Chapter 92 The party's literature and art policy should be adjusted[1]

(July 14 and 25, 1975) one The Party's policy on literature and art should be adjusted, and gradually expand the arts and literature programs in one, two, and three years.Poetry is lacking, fiction is lacking, prose is lacking, literary criticism is lacking. As for writers, if we want to learn from past mistakes and avoid future ones, cure illnesses and save lives, we must help if there are no hidden counter-revolutionaries who have committed serious counter-revolutionary acts. Lu Xun[2] was attacked at that time, including Hu Shi, Creation Society, Sun Society, Crescent Society[3], and the Kuomintang.If Lu Xun was around, he would not approve of locking up people like Zhou Yang[4] for a long time.Get out of the crowd.

Already, "Water Margin" has been released.Don't rush, gradually become active within one or two years, or three, four, or five years. What are we afraid of? In 1957, when the rightists attacked [5] rampantly, we published their scolding words in the newspaper, but we repelled them in the end. The previous "A Thousand Rivers and Thousand Mountains" [6] did not have the Second and Fourth Front Army, which is not good.Now I hear it has changed. Literature and art issues are ideological issues, but there should be no haste, because the people cannot comment unless they see the material.

After the publication of "Anti-Dühring", the University of Berlin dismissed Duhring[7], and Engels was not happy. The argument was an argument. Why was he dismissed? Duhring lived to be more than eighty years old and had a bad reputation.The disciplinary person should pay attention, he will be dismissed at every turn, and he will be locked up at every turn, which manifests as neurasthenia.If Lin Biao [8] didn't run away, we wouldn't kill him either, and we must criticize him. During Chiang Kai-shek's time, newspapers, radio, schools, and movies belonged to them, and they deceived the people.We are all from there.I have studied Confucius[9] and bourgeois things for thirteen years, but I don’t know Marxism-Leninism. I only learned Marxism-Leninism after the October Revolution, and I didn’t know it before.The reactionaries don't have much power, they rely on exploitation to make a living, and their soldiers rely on arresting strong men, so we are not afraid of them.It was Lin Biao who was afraid of death. He was told to fight Jinzhou, but he refused. He went there in the last two days and captured 100,000 people.Liao Yaoxiang was also eliminated [10].Changchun and Shenyang were liberated.

The Kuomintang is very afraid of releasing the prisoners. Published based on the transcript of the conversation kept by the Central Archives. two There is nothing wrong with this film, and it is recommended to pass the release.No full blame is required.Moreover, there are as many as ten crimes, which are too excessive, and it is not conducive to adjusting the party's literature and art policy. Mao Zedong July 25, 1975 According to the publication of "People's Daily" on November 5, 1976. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------

note [1] The first part of this article is the conversation between Mao Zedong and Jiang Qing.The second part of this article is Mao Zedong's comments on the letter from Zhang Tianmin, the screenwriter of the movie "Entrepreneurship".The letter criticized "Entrepreneurship" to Jiang Qing (then a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China) and the party's core group of the Ministry of Culture at that time, accusing it of "serious mistakes in politics and art", and listed ten opinions and put forward different views. It is recommended to re-release the film.

[2] Lu Xun, see note [18] on page 395 of this volume. [3] Hu Shi, see note [9] on page 46 of this volume.Creation Society, a literary group of the May Fourth New Culture Movement.Founded in Japan in 1921, most of its members are young people studying in Japan. Representatives include Guo Moruo, Yu Dafu, Cheng Fangwu, etc.The basic tendency of creation is anti-imperialism, anti-feudalism and positive romanticism.It was seized by the Kuomintang government in 1929, and most of its members later joined the Left League.The Sun Club, a revolutionary literary group, was established in 1927, and its representatives include Jiang Guangci, Qian Xingcun, Hong Lingfei, etc.Played an active role in propagating revolutionary literary theory and creative practice of revolutionary literature.In the spring of 1930 all members joined the Left Federation.Xinyue Society, a new poetry group, was established in 1923. Representatives include Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo, Liang Shiqiu, Wen Yiduo, etc.Emphasizing the artistic beauty of poetry enriches and improves the artistic skills of new poetry.But certain members were opposed to revolution and revolutionary literature.In 1933 the club ceased its activities.

[4] Zhou Yang (1908-1989), born in Yiyang, Hunan.Former Vice Minister of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Vice Chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and Vice Chairman of the Chinese Writers Association. During the "Cultural Revolution", he was wrongly labeled as a so-called "representative figure of the black line of literature and art" and was imprisoned for a long time.Shortly after Mao Zedong's talk, Zhou Yang was released.In 1979, the decision of the Party Group of the Ministry of Culture approved by the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that seventeen years after liberation, there was no such thing as a "black line of literature and art" and the so-called "representatives of the black line" represented by Zhou Yang.All those who were hit and framed for wrongful cases such as the so-called "literary black line" will be completely rehabilitated.

[5] See note [4] on page 311 of this volume. [6] "Thousands of Rivers and Thousand Mountains" is a ten-act play reflecting the Red Army's Long March premiered in 1955 by the General Political Drama Troupe of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.Mao Zedong watched the performance in 1964, affirmed some plots and characters in the performance at that time, and proposed revisions on how to show the unity and fighting of the Red Army.After repeated processing and modification, it was performed again on October 1, 1974. [7] Dühring, that is, Karl Eugen Dühring (1833-1921), a German philosopher and vulgar economist, was a lecturer at the University of Berlin.He has called for a "comprehensive overhaul" of philosophy, political economy and socialist theory, and has spoken out against Marxism.Engels made a systematic criticism of Dühring's theoretical system in his book "Anti-Dühring" written between 1876 and 1878.In 1877, Dühring was disqualified as a lecturer for publicly criticizing Helmholtz, a professor of physics at the University of Berlin.

[8] Lin Biao (1907-1971), a native of Huanggang, Hubei.Former Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission. During the "Cultural Revolution", he formed a counter-revolutionary group with Chen Boda and others, and colluded with Jiang Qing's counter-revolutionary group and competed with each other, conspiring to seize the supreme leadership of the party and the country.After the conspiracy was exposed, he fled by plane on September 13, 1971, and died in a plane crash in Undur Khan, Mongolia.In August 1973, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China passed a resolution to expel Lin Biao from the party.In 1981, the Special Tribunal of the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China confirmed him as the principal criminal in the counter-revolutionary group case.

[9] Confucius, that is, Confucius.A thinker, statesman, educator, and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. [10] Liao Yaoxiang (1906-1968), born in Shaoyang, Hunan.Former Lieutenant General Commander of the Ninth Corps of the Kuomintang Army.At the end of October 1948, he was captured after the entire army was wiped out in the second phase of the Liaoshen Campaign.