Chapter 32 fight for control of mexico

In 1910, a huge oil deposit was discovered in the Mexican coastal city of Tampico on the Gulf of Mexico.Soon, US President Wilson sent troops to Mexico.The real target of this move was not the Mexican regime, but the British interests behind the Mexican regime. In 1912, President Wilson used the incident as an excuse to order American warships to occupy Villacouz when U.S. Marines were detained during their stay in Tampico Port.The U.S. Marines landed armed and forcibly occupied the Mexican customs house, at the cost of 20 Americans and 200 Mexicans killed. Their goal was to oust General Victorognolo Huerta, who had been single-handedly brought in and financially backed by Eagle Petroleum Mexico.Wittman Pearson, the president of Mexican Eagle Petroleum Company, was an advocator of British Petroleum. He was later named Lord Cowdray by the Queen of England. He used to work for the British intelligence department. There is a very close cooperative relationship.By the time Wilson sent troops, the Mexican Eagles had managed to secure half of Mexico's oil rights.

Seeing that it was about to go to war with Germany, Britain decided to subtly abandon its support for the Huerta regime, and the legitimacy of General Carranza's regime was immediately recognized by US President Wilson.Rockefeller's Standard Oil provided Carranza with guns and money, including $100,000 in cash and large fuel loans.American oil majors take over Mexico from British oil majors.At that time, Tampico's oil wells were the envy of the world, and the Cerro Azul well produced a record 200,000 barrels a day. Carranza then became the focus of a violent campaign in 1916 when Carranza set out to defend Mexico's national interests rather than those of American oil companies, with Standard Oil paying for the idle gangster Panco Vila , against Carranza.

Shortly before the United States entered the war in Europe, General Pershing's troops were sent on a brief, unsuccessful mission to Mexico.Later, the United States was about to join the British side in the European war, and the United Kingdom and the United States decided to join forces to boycott Mexico under the leadership of Carranza.Fortunately for Mexico, due to frequent wars and no time for others, this country temporarily escaped the smoke of Anglo-American oil hegemony and became a paradise.President Carranza remains in power.Until 1920, after the Versailles Peace Conference, he was assassinated.

One of Carranza's many legacies was the ratification of Mexico's first constitution in 1917, which included a special paragraph, Article 27, stating that "all minerals, petroleum and all hydrocarbons, solid, liquid or gaseous The fuel ... is owned directly by the state".The only condition for non-Mexican nationals to obtain oil exploration rights is the recognition of the full sovereignty of Mexican law in commercial matters without interference from foreign governments.For Mexico's oil, throughout the 1920s, oil interest groups in the United Kingdom and the United States had been fighting fiercely, openly and secretly.This struggle even continued until the late 1930s, when the Cardenas government decided to nationalize all foreign oil holdings.The decision drew the displeasure of the British and American oil majors, and Mexico has been boycotted by them for the next 40 years.