Chapter 12 Lecture 11 Don't just look at Hong Kong

●If you want to invite judges to dinner in Hong Kong, it is absolutely impossible.The judge dare not go to dinner with you at all. ●Hong Kong people drive extremely fast. On single-lane or two-lane roads, the driving speed can reach 60 kilometers per hour, because almost no one in Hong Kong jaywalks. ●Let every common people know the law and abide by the law, this is the key to the success of future social development. With mainland cities gradually allowing residents to travel to Hong Kong as individuals, the number of mainland tourists in Hong Kong has continued to increase.According to statistics, the number of Mainland tourists visiting Hong Kong rose from 2.31 million in 1996 to 14.33 million in 2006.In 2008, after the reform of the leave system in the Mainland, this trend will become more obvious. In 2008, the number of tourists from Guangdong to Hong Kong is expected to increase by 30% to 50%.Hong Kong has become a city more and more familiar to mainland residents, and it has also attracted more attention and attention eager to interpret.So is a trip to Hong Kong just for sightseeing and shopping?What more important content does Hong Kong society bring to people?

Dear guests, audience friends in front of the TV, hello, everyone.Welcome to this show.Today we will talk about Hong Kong.I came to Hong Kong in 1994. In the past 14 years, I have gained a deeper understanding of Hong Kong.What kind of place do you think Hong Kong is?I believe that many lesbians will say that Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, and when they think of Hong Kong, they want to spend money.Ladies and gentlemen, follow my train of thought today and let us take a trip to Hong Kong together.The Hong Kong I will tell you today is definitely different from the Hong Kong that others talk about, because I want you to understand what the real Hong Kong is.We are now flying directly to Hong Kong from the recording site of the program in Beijing.

When you arrive at the airport in Hong Kong and get off the plane, you will see a very strange phenomenon, that is, when you want to pass through the passport control, there are very long queues for mainland Hong Kong and Macau pass holders and passport holders, but At the same time, you will also find that there are almost no people in the six or seven passages next to it. What is written on it? "Hong Kong Residents and Hong Kong Permanent Residents".Therefore, Hong Kong residents go through this channel very quickly.But let me tell you, if you have a foreign passport or a Hong Kong and Macau Exit Permit, and you want to go through the passage for Hong Kong residents, he will definitely not let you go, and will definitely let you queue up on the other side.But when I arrived in Beijing, I found that the situation was not like this.Under normal circumstances, foreign passports and Chinese passports are divided into two different channels, right?In Beijing, if there are too many people holding foreign passports, the customs clearance staff will definitely say: "Oh, come here, line up here, line up here, you can also use the special channel for Chinese passports." Why is this so? Woolen cloth?Chinese people are humane.So when I arrived at Beijing Capital Airport, I was sometimes queued up in the passage for foreigners' passports.It doesn't matter where there are few people, just go to the queue, it doesn't matter where, basically it is a quick customs clearance.Anyway, if there is no one in the passage for Chinese passports, it doesn't matter for foreigners to queue up, everyone can pass through the customs quickly.Do you know what this difference reflects?From this small difference, we can see that mainlanders have a relatively weak sense of the legal system.Hong Kong people's strong sense of the legal system may be beyond everyone's expectations.

Let me tell you one more thing, when you pass through the mainland, the officials will ask you a lot of questions.Therefore, entrepreneurs will "build a good relationship" with customs.But when you arrive in Hong Kong, you will find that the situation is different. The staff don't talk to you very much, because everything is done according to the rules.For example, if he checks your Hong Kong and Macau travel permit, he must turn it from beginning to end. Why?It is stipulated so.From the moment you enter the customs, you will find that you have gone from a mainland that does not pay attention to rules and the rule of law to a Hong Kong that pays attention to the rule of law.Let me tell you this again, if you want to invite judges to dinner in Hong Kong, it is absolutely impossible.The judge dare not go to dinner with you at all.However, in the Mainland they can eat whatever they want, no problem.Some people often joke that "eating the plaintiff at noon and the defendant at night" may be an exaggeration, but judges in Hong Kong absolutely dare not.

Because Hong Kong has the Independent Commission Against Corruption.So, what role does the ICAC currently play in Hong Kong?Many of our mainland listed companies have suffered a lot after they went public in Hong Kong, because the ICAC investigation has a basic spirit, as long as it is investigating corruption cases, it can investigate through different channels.In other words, as long as it is to investigate corruption, it can investigate anything.There is a jewelry store in Hong Kong, the owner is Xie Ruilin.Xie Ruilin was investigated by the ICAC a while ago. What was the investigation?When the mainland tour group went to Hong Kong's Xie Ruilin jewelry store to buy jewelry, he gave the tour guide a kickback.what is this called?This is called corruption.

Therefore, the ICAC sued Xie Ruilin for this reason.So what's more serious?If you are a listed company, and the listed company treats guests to dinner, they may invite officials, or other entrepreneurs or other different people.I can tell you that you have to be very careful when eating meals from listed companies in Hong Kong. If he invites you to eat shark fin, I would never eat it if I were you, because eating shark fin may be regarded as corruption and bribery.What can I eat?It's okay to eat pao rice, or a bowl of fish ball noodles.But as long as a listed company invites you to eat shark fin, then you may be identified as corrupt and bribery.We even have a lot of solutions that we think are feasible in the Mainland. For example, we set up a public relations company in the Mainland. This PR company can help us with some things. This is normal in our opinion. You only need to have an invoice for reimbursement.We have a Skyworth company in mainland China. Why was Huang Hongsheng, the boss of Skyworth, investigated by the ICAC?The reason is that a similar company exists.All this was found to be suspected of corruption.This is the legal system in Hong Kong.

How far has Hong Kong's legal system come?I can tell you that everyone is going to Hong Kong. I invite you to take the subway. When you get off the subway and take the escalator out of the subway station, please take a look. The people in Hong Kong basically stand on the right side of the escalator, so the left side gives way What are you doing here?Makes people walk.Because when you take the escalator, you can walk or you can stand still.There is a line of people on the right, and there is room on the left for you to walk.Sometimes there are a few people standing on the left. These people may come from the mainland, so I don't know what's going on.It was a very conscious society.So how did this society come into being?Let me tell you, it is through the legalization of the rules of the game.

Hong Kong attaches great importance to the rule of law.Last time, I drove to the airport by myself.I walked on the inside passing lane and drove for about 10 kilometers. I was stopped by the police and gave me a ticket.I thought, if you issue a ticket, you can issue a ticket, but when I pay the money, he still won't let me go, and I have to go to court after I'm done.As a busy person like me, I can’t leave all day just to appear in this court, so you have to stay in Hong Kong.Why do you have to appear in court, because you violated the rules.Later, I was probably not the only one, there were many people who violated the rules, there were dozens of people, and everyone was called up and stood there.The judge asks you, do you speak Cantonese, English, or Mandarin?If I speak English to him, he must read the regulations to you from beginning to end.I thought to myself, you are wasting your time, don't everyone sit here, you only need to read it once, and everyone will hear it.There were 50 people there, and the comrade judge read it 50 times. "What's your name, please?" "Do you plead guilty?"... If you do not plead guilty, there will be another trial next time, and you will not be able to plead guilty even if you want to.It's even more impossible for you to leave first.When to plead guilty, plead guilty. Fifty people tortured me all morning.If I come to deal with this matter, can I hurry up, isn't it just a confession?Everyone pleaded guilty, unanimously passed, and the problem was solved in a minute, isn't it very fast?But he is not, he is a dead-headed, step by step.But let me tell you, this step by step is the basic spirit of legalization, and this basic spirit of legalization is ubiquitous in Hong Kong.

But Hong Kong has become a bit strange recently. When I crossed the road not long ago, I would see a few words written on the ground, "Please look to the right", which was written for us mainlanders.Because we are used to looking to the left when crossing the road in the Mainland, but we have to look to the right in Hong Kong.Before 1997, when I was in Hong Kong.None of these things exist.Hong Kong people are very conscious, and traffic lights are very strict.Later, because there were too many tourists, traffic lights became more important. What does the little traffic sign mean?It just wants to tell you that obeying the law is very important.Hong Kong people are very law-abiding and strictly abide by the regulations of traffic lights, so in Hong Kong, there are very few people who cross the road casually.Compatriot women who go shopping must feel that Hong Kong people drive extremely fast. On single-lane or two-lane roads, the driving speed can reach 60 kilometers per hour, because there are almost no jaywalkers in Hong Kong.People have developed the habit of driving, and they speed up as soon as they hit the road according to the driver's intuition.This is unimaginable in the Mainland.

You should also pay attention to a phenomenon. Compared with Beijing, the roads in Hong Kong are extremely narrow. I have never seen such wide roads in Hong Kong.The circular road in Beijing is the most ridiculous road. Where is the absurdity?Ring roads are an absolute waste of resources. You see, the fifth ring was built before, now the sixth ring is built, and the seventh ring is built. If the ninth ring is built again, Tianjin will be surrounded, and the 12th ring will be connected to Shanghai.We have built so many loop roads, but do you see any slight improvement in the traffic conditions in Beijing?The more ring roads are opened, the worse the traffic situation is. Do you know where the problem is?Why can Hong Kong people drive so fast on small roads, because there is no traffic jam.Although the speed is slow during working hours, there is no traffic jam.I can say this, as long as I drive from the Chinese University of Hong Kong to Central Road during non-commuting hours, I can go to Kowloon first, and then to the New Territories, and I can guarantee that I will arrive in 25 minutes; Add 10 minutes, it's that accurate.

What is traffic?I only found out from the example of Hong Kong that traffic is not about widening roads at all.How rigid is the thinking of our local leaders here?When he encountered a traffic jam, what was the first thing he thought of?Build viaducts, widen roads and build ring roads.It never occurred to him to say that traffic itself is not a question of whether the road is wide or not, but a question of what?A matter of management.Let me make an excuse. Take Singapore as an example. Singapore is a smaller place. If you drive in Singapore, you can walk to Complete Island in about 10 to 20 minutes. It is such a small place.Isn't it crowded?Are there not many cars?No, there are a lot of people and cars, so why is there no traffic jam?The key is good traffic management. Looking at Indonesia again, its economy is so backward, it is far inferior to countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippines, and the traffic jams are extremely serious.It was not until the end that I realized a truth. It turns out that a small traffic jam can reflect the quality of the nation and the management level of the nation.So, now I want to talk to you, why is there no traffic jam in Hong Kong?As soon as you come out of the airport today, if you take a taxi to Hong Kong, you will find that there are three colors of taxis: red, green and blue.why? Many people can't figure it out, even many Hong Kong people.We heard a rumor once—it was all rumors, and I don’t know if it’s true or not—what rumor?That is, the Hong Kong government feels that the management of taxis with three colors is troublesome, requiring three sets of management methods and three sets of personnel.So, the government wants to change everything to red?Why change it to red?Because the red taxis can go anywhere in the New Territories, Kowloon and Hong Kong Island; the green taxis can only stay in the New Territories; what about the blue ones?You can only stay at the most remote entrance of Lantau Island, and you cannot come out.I would like to ask you why this is so?manage.In order to answer this question, I searched a lot of original materials to see why the British government at that time divided taxis into three colors?After understanding the process, I couldn't help but suddenly see the light.It turns out that the traffic problem is a management problem.According to research conducted by the British government at that time, taxis in Hong Kong run 24 hours a day, and Hong Kong people are very diligent in their work. Taxi operators operate in two shifts. One person drives the first shift for 12 hours. The car is given to the second shift, which is also 12 hours. Two drivers are only allowed to have one taxi on the road. This taxi is on the road 24 hours a day, and private cars are only on the road occasionally.At that time, the British government stipulated that the number of taxi license plates should not increase, which was calculated in detail. Therefore, in this kind of place, if you want to avoid traffic jams, you must ensure that there are no more than the number of taxis. Once the limited number is exceeded, traffic jams may occur.So, what is the purpose of engaging in three-color taxis?The green ones can only go to the New Territories, and the blue ones can only go to Lantau Island, so let's think in reverse, let's think in reverse!As the rumors say, if one day the Hong Kong government thinks the three sets of equipment and three sets of management methods are troublesome, and suddenly stipulates that all taxis should be changed to red, do you know what will happen?That is to say, all the taxis, including the green and blue ones, will no longer solicit customers on Lantau Island, because they are poor there, and they all go to Tsim Sha Tsui and Hong Kong Island to solicit customers.As long as you change this small rule, you will find that Tsim Sha Tsui and Hong Kong Island will immediately become the same as Beijing, and traffic jams will begin. Only then did we understand the purpose of the government in getting green taxis.The money you collect is cheaper, and of course the management fee you pay is also cheaper. The purpose is to keep you in the New Territories and serve poorer customers. You cannot leave.The fare charged by the blue taxi is lower, and of course the management fee is lower, so you can stay on Lantau Island and pick up and drop off the poorer people.If a green taxi goes to the territory of a red taxi to solicit customers, as long as ordinary people see it or are seen by other taxi drivers, they will immediately call the police.Under the construction of this kind of legal system, the legal awareness of the whole people makes the traffic orderly.In fact, it is not that simple. You can look back at the construction of Hong Kong.I am here to tell you, this may not be familiar to you, who is the biggest landlord in Hong Kong?Not Li Ka-shing, guess what. The answer is the Hong Kong MTR Corporation.Why is the Hong Kong MTR Corporation the biggest landlord?Because Hong Kong's urban development is dominated by the subway, as long as the subway goes, the house will be built there.So houses are built along with the subway, and what is the result of this?That is the most convenient way to take the subway.Through such municipal construction, every ordinary person is encouraged to use the fastest and most efficient means of transportation—the subway—in an institutionalized way.That leaves fewer cars on the road.You see, another example of management doing well.In addition, through these management measures, Hong Kong has stricter requirements, what are they?The license fee in Hong Kong is very expensive, and the gas fee is 4 times that of the mainland.You can drive, it doesn't matter, but every time you refuel, you have to pay 3 times the price of the mainland, your gasoline is so expensive.He used various management methods to solve the bottleneck of traffic cancer.If you can understand my story, you will find that all these management methods are mainly rooted in a strict legal society with severe punishments and laws. So is Singapore doing well?Well done too.Singapore actively seeks development, and sometimes ranks ahead of Hong Kong.Why is there no traffic jam in Singapore?Well done management.Singapore is a very small place, so it is impossible for urban development to follow the policy of "wherever the subway goes, the house will be built".So how does it control traffic flow?Every car in Singapore has an electronic sensor, how do they charge for it?Use electronic induction to charge.When you're going into the city center, does it welcome you in if it's during commuting hours?Won't.How to enter?Go in and pay once, and the money is deducted directly from the sensor, you don't need to stop.As long as you drive into the city center, you will be deducted hundreds of dollars immediately.If you have to deduct hundreds of dollars to enter the urban area, it is better to take the subway or take the bus.It can be said that the reason why there is no traffic jam in Singapore is that the management is well done.How to manage?There are electronic toll collectors on every street in Singapore, and the fees are charged completely according to the traffic flow. There is no need for ring roads and viaducts everywhere like our mainland. Let me tell you, for the government to do this, the basis is that the common people must accept legal management.Does Singapore have legal management?Of course there is.Let me give you an example, chewing gum is not allowed in Singapore, did you know that?Also don't litter.There was a young man in the United States, I remember about 17 or 18 years old, who took spray paint and sprayed it all over the car in Singapore, but was caught by the police.What if the mainland catches him?It is very troublesome to catch a foreigner.Scold?I don't know what to do.The law in Singapore stipulates that a person be beaten with a whip and 6 times on the buttocks.You want to say we've all been beaten?You don't know what it's like if you haven't been beaten by him.Singapore's caning enforcers are definitely well-trained masters.He'll beat you to pieces.After every blow, the medical staff immediately came up to check the injury and see if it was possible to give another blow.After the treatment is complete, come back and play the second time, until the 6th time is finished. After this incident happened, the U.S. government and the public were shocked. How could they treat our young people like this?But many Americans also support Singapore's approach.As for the President of the United States, it was Clinton at the time. President Clinton also specially wrote a letter to Singapore to the President of Singapore, saying that everyone is an ally, so don't be so fierce!In the end, a discount was given, and two whips were given, because the President of the United States interceded, and the President of the United States still has to give the face.But let me tell you, what does hitting 2 whips mean?It is just a symbolic strike twice, the purpose is to establish the concept of legalization.Parking in Singapore is very interesting. You go to a small store to buy a parking card, and you can park as long as you want. Has anyone checked you?Maybe not.Why?Because everyone is conscious.Why so self-conscious?Because once you are caught, the consequences will be unimaginable. Although spanking is not as serious, the fine is very high.Use harsh punishments to let you form a legalized concept, so that you can produce conscious behavior.Since you are conscious, in turn, the management cost is greatly reduced. Today I will teach you this lesson. I spent a lot of time talking about Hong Kong, and I also spent time talking about Singapore.You can see that the people in these two places are so law-abiding. Do you know that this is the fundamental reason why there are no traffic jams in Singapore and Hong Kong, China. No traffic jam itself is not a simple phenomenon, but the implementation of legal concepts.I have already told many stories about the implementation of the concept of legalization in Hong Kong, including the case of corruption investigation by the ICAC.You will find that all well-ordered social life is based on the legalized rules of the game with harsh laws.Only when you have a market-oriented economy can you develop.So on this occasion, I would like to ask you one more question, what do you think is the soul of capitalism? I can tell you that the soul of capitalism is the rule of the game legalized by harsh laws.It keeps you from violating your fiduciary duty of integrity.This is the essence of capitalism. Then I would like to ask you again, we look at the development of China's economy from Hong Kong. We have introduced many superficial prosperity phenomena, but have we introduced the soul?If you didn't come to listen to my speech today, do you know the importance of the soul?There will be a traffic jam when you go back later.Today’s Saturday is fine, but if it wasn’t Saturday, you would have to be stuck in a traffic jam for several hours when you go back, and you don’t know how to take a car in Beijing.What does this mean?Our seemingly prosperous economy is actually a walking dead. What is missing?Lack of soul. So it can be said that from the small to the big, you can know what you should see and learn when you arrive in Hong Kong or Singapore. This so-called soul is also the legalized rules of the game.In addition to Hong Kong and Singapore, there is another region in Asia with a better legal system, and that is South Korea.Korean lawyers, judges, and scholars have self-esteem and self-respect for their professionalism that we cannot imagine.Let me take Hong Kong as an example again. Hong Kong barristers wear wigs when they go to court, white wigs, like women's hair, and they wear black robes.Do you know why?Same mentality as the Koreans, because to make you look different, why should you look different?Because this is your status symbol, the law specifically gave you a different look.When we didn't quite understand it, it was very funny. It was so funny for a big boy to wear a black robe and a wig.In fact, it is respect for the law.This kind of economic development based on respect for the law and established through the legal system has a soul. Think about it again, why is South Korea's economic development so successful?There are several well-known Korean companies, including Samsung and LG. Do you think that the success of Samsung and LG is just the success of their entrepreneurs?You take Koreans too simply.The reason why Korean companies can succeed, I tell you, it has a lot to do with the legalization of the country as a whole.Without a soul, it is difficult for you to create an economic society like Singapore, Hong Kong, and South Korea.Frankly speaking, Koreans' respect for the law is very touching.I still remember one time, the United States wanted to sell agricultural products to South Korea.South Korean farmers protested because they believed that the sale of American agricultural products to Koreans would affect their lives, so Korean farmers consciously formed a protest team of 2,000 people.Just 2 years ago, when the World Trade Conference was held in Hong Kong, these 2,000 farmers all came. Hong Kong people hate them the most, because Hong Kong people like stability and don't like social unrest, so when Hong Kong people heard that 2,000 farmers from South Korea came to protest, they thought, it must be a messy scene.However, when the day comes, you will find that the effect of legalization is really extraordinary. How do the people in Hong Kong and the farmers in South Korea deal with this situation?Very interesting.The World Trade Conference was held in Central, and the farmers lived farther away.How did these peasants protest?They walk three steps, then get down on their knees and bow, then stand up and walk three steps, and kneel down again, just like the feeling of pilgrimage.How tired you are after walking for several kilometers like this!And these Korean farmers did not rehearse in advance, but they were able to do the same movements, kneeling all the way from where they lived to the conference center.The common people in Hong Kong were very moved when they saw it. When the protests started, the Hong Kong police sprayed these people with water.At this time, we suddenly discovered a phenomenon. Under a command, all the Korean farmers squatted down, squatted and walked forward, continuing to protest.Later, the Korean farmers had some friction with the police, but after the protest ended, the Korean farmers picked up all the garbage on the ground, put them in their pockets, and returned the batons and shields to the police.Note that they are not troops, but peasants who do not know each other.On this matter, the common people in Hong Kong were moved, and their attitude changed from opposition to support.And we found that these people are doing repetitive movements every day.I would like to ask everyone, which countries have citizens who can be so strong and resolutely oppose the United States?In front of a rich and powerful United States, how many countries do you think ordinary people dare to oppose?Do we dare ourselves? 2,000 farmers expressed the determination of the Korean people. Later, the Hong Kong people changed their spiritual support to material support, giving them water to drink and bread to eat.why?Because the people of Hong Kong were moved. So Hong Kong people seldom protest?no.But I want to tell you that the discipline is so good that the whole world is moved by it.How good is the discipline?There is no push and collision incident, the queue is neat, and the parade is absolutely within the route you stipulated.After the parade, like the Koreans, they put all the garbage on the ground in their pockets and took them home.Today you just discovered that the economic development of a country itself is not about building a few high-rise buildings, nor is it the hardware facilities you see.Does your software reflect that?How is your management?What is lacking in our inland economic development is management. What is the soul of management?Undoubtedly legalization.Let every common people know the law and obey the law, this is the key to the success of future social development. In our program recently, I am going to talk about a new way of thinking called "the rise of great powers".I have seen the film "The Rise of Great Powers", but I don't like this film at all, and I have no idea what it talks about.What it talks about is the superficial phenomenon of the success of various countries, and it is not about the "rise of great powers" at all.If a big country wants to rise, it must go through the path just mentioned. You can see how a big country rises from various small things.Hong Kong, China is so small, Singapore is so small, and South Korea is so small, why is the economy so developed?The United States is so big, where is its foundation?You will find that the foundation is the same, what foundation?The rules of the legalized game with harsh punishments.This is the basis for the entire economic development and the basis for the rise of a great country. Audience: You just talked about the legalization process of some advanced countries and regions in the world.I think these countries were in a state of chaos before, and there were also times when the legal system was lacking. How did they finally achieve legalization? Lang Xianping: Let me tell you a story!You all know Napoleon!Napoleon thought about one thing, why the three small islands of Britain are not half the size of France, and they turned out to be an "empire on which the sun never sets".What is the "Empire on which the sun never sets"?That is, the sun shines on every corner of the earth and there are colonies of the British Empire.Of course, things are different now, there is nothing left now, and it is getting more and more declining. There is no way, the future generations are not filial. At that time, during the 18th and 19th centuries, Napoleon was thinking about how to make France a rising power?Napoleon was not only a great military genius as you know, he was also a great scholar, a great jurist.He finally realized the truth of the rise of a great country.He created the world's first civil law code. Where did the laws of today's China come from?From Napoleon.What was he thinking?To become a powerful country, there must be legal discipline.In fact, the French are particularly undisciplined and loose.In order to make France strong, he promoted the construction of legalization with a unified central government.He said: "We want to establish a code of civil law system, and use rules to make you disciplined." If the law stipulates that you go forward, you dare not retreat; if you stipulate that you go to the right, you dare not go left.Using the law to restrain you and make you dare not to follow the rule of law is the key to his success.He used the power of the government to promote the construction of the legal system and created the great French Empire at that time. In addition, the second person who has the same thinking as Napoleon is also a familiar buddy, more famous than Zhang Ziyi, that is Bismarck, the German iron-blooded prime minister.He wrote the code of the second civil law system, and Germany became strong from it.An example in Asia is Emperor Meiji of Japan. His real success is that he learned the concept of legalization in France and Germany.This is the foundation of the rise of a great country.Think about it, everyone, are the countries I'm talking about today the protagonists on the world political stage for the past 300 years?The legalization construction of the United States also draws lessons from the experience of Britain, Germany, France, Japan and other countries.Is the history of these 300 years all performed by these countries?The answer is of course yes.Why?Due to legal discipline. Audience: Hello, Professor Lang, I would like to ask such a question. I think the legalization process should be related to the democratization process of a country, and China is now going to complete the democratization process and the marketization process at the same time.How should we deal with this problem?In addition, most of the examples you cited were from developed countries or regions. Can you see similar examples in developing countries? Lang Xianping: Well, your question is very good, but I don't want to answer it in a too academic way. Let me tell you this, since Sun Yat-sen led the revolution in our country, we have not figured out a problem: what China needs is not simple democracy, because democracy is the result of the success of these countries, not the reason for their success.First of all, we got the direction wrong, and even the film "The Rise of Great Powers" we saw was wrong, and what was reflected in it were superficial phenomena.When did you say Germany became democratic?After World War II.What about France?That was also after the 20th century.Was there democracy in Napoleon's time?There was no democracy in France at that time.Does Japan have democracy?Only after World War II, because of the influence of the United States, there was real democracy.In other words, democracy is the inevitable result of the rise of a great power. So can the nearby small countries and small regions you mentioned have some experience for reference?Our topic today is about Hong Kong.Hong Kong is very developed! It was already very developed before 1997, much more developed than our mainland.But is it democratic?Hong Kong has never had democracy.The democracy in Hong Kong today and the democracy in the Legislative Council are given to it by our Communist Party.The British don't give you anything, not even democracy.But you dare not criticize them. If you dare to criticize the British government, it will arrest people the next day. So Hong Kong's success is not based on democracy and public opinion. So, is there democracy in Singapore?of course not.It's worse than Hong Kong, it's an authoritarian country.Is there freedom of speech in Singapore?No.Does Korea have it?nor.Only in the end did you discover that the roots of the rise of great powers are all the same.The rise of a small region, like Singapore, is the same as that of a big country.This is the law of history.Only by clarifying this historical law can we achieve better economic development in our country.You see, from the beginning of the democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen, the banners of democracy, parliament, and constitution have been flying.Do you know what it will do?It brought a century of disasters to our China.Because he did not really understand the essence of the rise of a great power.I am going to shoot a movie recently, also called "The Rise of Great Powers". I plan to shoot 10 episodes, and I will tell the story, that is the real level. Audience: Hello, Professor Lang.I would like to ask a question. In the world, apart from countries such as Britain and the United States that can be said to have grown under the sun, the reason why other countries or regions have embarked on the road of becoming a strong country and realizing the construction of the legal system is because there is a high degree of The strong force is playing a driving role.France has Napoleon, Singapore has Lee Kuan Yew... How can we realize this kind of legalization in China today? Lang Xianping: I would like to use the example of Hong Kong as an answer.Hong Kong used to be a British colony.During the more than 100 years of British rule in Hong Kong, you cannot say that it did not contribute to the development of Hong Kong.The greatest contribution of the United Kingdom is to spread the idea of ​​legalization to the whole world, and Hong Kong is the beneficiary.The basis of this legal system cannot be learned. Many countries, including China, have always followed the civil law system created by Napoleon to build their own legal basis.There is no way for us to learn the legal system of countries such as Britain and the United States. This is a historical inheritance.So under such circumstances, you can understand why when I make speeches in China, I always advocate a unified government, and I absolutely do not advocate decentralization.Because decentralization leads to corruption.What have I been advocating?centralization.But its purpose is not to centralize power for the sake of centralization, but to centralize power for the purpose of promoting legalization.What is the greatest value of today's Hong Kong to our mainland?This is very important. The greatest value of Hong Kong lies in its difference from the mainland. This is like a battery. The reason why a dry battery is valuable is because its positive and negative electrodes are different.Take the meter and measure it, the difference between positive and negative is 10 volts.When the gap becomes smaller and smaller, such as 8 volts, 5 volts, and finally 0 volts, the battery has no value.So today I think that our attitude towards Hong Kong is not to change anything about it.Deng Xiaoping also once proposed that Hong Kong's political system should remain unchanged for 50 years, but in fact when he said this, the Chinese people did not understand him enough.我对邓小平的思想是非常赞成的，香港的制度不能变，因为只有它的制度不变，才会和我们有所不同，我们才能够从香港学习到治国的方法。这个话题在邓小平提出的“香港50年不变”的基调之下显得特别有意义。其实邓小平没有把他真正想说的东西说透，他想说明的并不仅仅是继续保持香港的独立性和自主性，不是这么简单的，而是什么呢？保持香港与内地的差异性，只有彻底地理解了这种差异，才能构建我国经济发展的基础。 所以我认为，未来我们应该更加深人地贯彻邓小平的思想，香港就应该保持英国所传承下来的制度。只有在这种制度之下，双方的互动才能像电池的正负极一样，对彼此都会带来效益。 Audience: Hello, Professor Lang.网上有一个调查，面对贫富悬殊的问题，上海青少年大多认为应该直接对贫民进行捐献，而香港青少年则认为应该完善税务制度。这个差异说明了什么？ 郎咸平：捐献以什么为基础？它是没有规则的。只管捐款，不管税收，这是很荒谬的。但是我告诉你，针对中学生的这个事情，一定要通过一个规则来做分配。我们可以这么理解，一个没有规则的分配叫“捐献”，而一个有规则的分配叫“税收”。 观众：郎教授您好，我有一个问题，就是你刚才说香港、新加坡等地的崛起，在很大程度上是有严刑峻法作保障。其实在我心里，我是非常害怕严刑峻法的，因为我前几天看新华网上的报导，在中国官员的各种犯罪案件当中，减刑缓刑的比例超过50%，而普通民众的减刑缓刑比例却低于10%。前一段时间，有人因从ATM机上非法取走了17万元而被判了无期徒刑。我现在想问一下，如果银行把我的17万给非法占据了，又不还给我，银行的行长是不是需要判无期徒刑呢？ 郎咸平：我同意，我非常同意你的观点。我本来是不想讲的，但你却逼我要回答你这个问题了。我用一种比较理性的方式来回答你的问题。胡锦涛在十七大工作报告里面提出要构建一个“公平正义”的社会，这就是对你这个问题的直接回答。 我国的领导人，包括邓小平在内，这些人讲的事情不是那么简单的。比如“50年不变”，不是那么简单的，他们一定是对这个制度有一个透彻的理解才会这么说。胡锦涛总书记干吗在这个时候谈“公平公正”？十七大报告里面治国的方针是什么？就是要给老百姓提供一个干净公平公正的环境，你讲的这种现象才不会发生。 我们再往下引申一下，你刚刚讲的这个问题，我们能不能解决？我们怎么解决？我跟各位讲，香港的公平公正不是绝对的，也有很多的问题。但相对于我国澳门、台湾、内陆等地区来说，它是做得比较好的。香港这么一个以公正公平为纲的经济社会是我们学习的榜样。再比如说，对于《物权法》、《劳动合同法》，我赞不赞成呢？我肯定是赞成的。那么我们该不该有《物权法》？道理上讲应该是要有的。该不该有《劳动合同法》？当然也是应该要有的。可是我跟你讲，你问的问题太深刻。《物权法》也好，《劳动合同法》也好，虽然它们都是对的，但是它们的执行是不是公正公平呢？不敢肯定。一部法律，在执行中不公平、不公正，到最后就会害了老百姓。而这也是党中央提出“促进社会公平正义”，“建设和谐社会”的原因。