No matter how many high-rise buildings you build, and no matter how many world peaks you climb, in the eyes of ordinary people, your heart is no higher than a grave!Do you think this is the tragedy of Chinese entrepreneurs?But that's not really sad.Just think about it, how many Chinese people have shed blood, sweat, and polluted the environment to produce high-quality and cheap Chinese goods. Not only are they frequently sanctioned by trade, but they will never be respected by others.What is more sad?In the past 30 years, we have managed to cultivate a few enterprises in such a large domestic demand market. Not to mention that there are few companies that are truly respected by the world, and even few of us Chinese are convinced.What is the saddest thing?That is, we Chinese and Chinese entrepreneurs seldom stop to think about it—why is this?Have you ever thought about how many of these sorrows are the curse of our Chinese culture?

In the past few years, I have gone to the north and south of the river to teach government officials and entrepreneurs about industry development strategies and corporate strategy cases.Thousands of government officials and entrepreneurs have heard my speeches!I hope that through the cases of international successful companies, we can change the impetuous and opportunistic mentality and rigid thinking mode of domestic entrepreneurs, and hope that our entrepreneurs can return to the fundamentals of business operations.But after a few years, I was very disappointed!In the interaction, it is unimaginable that the questions raised by these friends are almost exactly the same!And many people have heard my speech no less than 10 times.It seems that my case speech is also difficult to change the rigid way of thinking of our entrepreneur friends.This often makes me calm down and think about the cultural factors behind it.Of course, there are also quite a few entrepreneurial friends who were influenced by my speech and changed their impetuous and opportunistic mentality, and their enterprise development has made remarkable achievements.

I feel that there seems to be a "cultural curse" possessed by each of us.Like a magic spell, it's not like removing it, and it's not about not removing it.The reason why it is called "cultural curse" is because our culture, on the one hand, expresses "great love", and on the other hand, it expresses "impetuous, opportunistic mentality and rigid way of thinking", which is the inherent evil of our culture.This is the curse of "one body with two sides", which affects the thinking and behavior of Chinese people.The most intriguing thing is that our "great love" culture is "hidden". Our people never understand or express our "great love" culture. The so-called "cultural" Zhang Yimou It's all the same, making the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games so that there is no "big love" culture, let alone ordinary people!Our culture of great love will only burst out when the nation encounters a catastrophe. The Wenchuan Earthquake is an obvious example.When our culture of great love can be expressed anytime and anywhere, it is the day when the Chinese nation really takes off!

In my opinion, the latentness of our great love culture and the inherent inferiority of our culture are the black hands behind the murder of China's economy!This is not alarmist talk, this is a curse attached to every Chinese!We must break this curse, so that our great love will no longer be hidden, and our cultural inferiority will no longer become a habit of our thinking. Only then can our economy be saved and our country have hope.This is how I think as an economist—more precisely, as a financier!I hope that through this book, I will present these thoughts to readers in a language that ordinary people can understand, so that our readers can escape the cultural curse and no longer be at a loss!

These bad roots implanted in every Chinese cultural level include three types: impetuousness, opportunism, and rigid thinking.And these bad roots have led Chinese companies to blindly grow bigger and stronger. The method is opportunistic acquisitions and mergers. However, due to rigid thinking, we will find that these culturally cursed bad roots have not made much progress in the past century.The first part of this book is to lead everyone to look at the impact of the inferiority of Chinese culture on the development of Chinese enterprises and even high-tech from a historical perspective. In the second part of this book, I will analyze with you the four ignorant manifestations of Chinese culture: the first is that Chinese people know how to make money in a vacant way, and they don’t have any sense of social responsibility and morality in order to make money; the second is our culture. Dazed autism, lacking a real understanding of the outside world, and finally getting some understanding is only impetuously staying on the surface; this leads to the third daze, that is, we rarely understand how others see us, we are usually just dazed Fourth, what is even more tragic is that compared with others' understanding of us, we are at a loss for our own shortcomings, lacking deep cognition and reflection .

Since it is said to be the curse of Chinese culture, then these three kinds of inferiority and four kinds of confusion are not unique to today's Chinese.In fact, it is precisely because we lack in-depth criticism and reflection on our own shortcomings that today’s Chinese and Chinese companies have a common misconception about the ancient Chinese merchants——Shanxi merchants are financial models, Huizhou merchants are domestic trade models , Zhejiang merchants and Cantonese merchants are the originators of foreign trade.A more common delusion is the admiration for Hu Xueyan. In fact, everyone may only know about his momentary success in the early days, but they don't know that his later period was a complete failure due to opportunism in Chinese culture.Therefore, the third chapter of this book will lead you to re-examine the stories of the rise and fall of the four major business gangs with the critical vision cultivated in the first and second chapters, and dig out the root of the curse of Chinese corporate culture.

How much of what you do and think now comes from the Chinese culture that you have silently accepted?Let's be more specific, think about Zhuge Liang in your mind, you only need to answer me a question: "Do you think Zhuge Liang is resourceful?" Good role model?" As long as you are a native Chinese, your answer must be: "Yes, of course, Zhuge Liang is borrowing arrows from straw boats, borrowing east wind, and planning from an empty city. He is really smart!" However, you may not realize it. I realized that this is precisely a fatal wound of our Chinese culture - opportunism.Have you ever thought about where the lives of tens of thousands of soldiers in Soochow would be if Dongfeng did not borrow it?Think about it, what kind of event is this, a standard small probability event!A life-and-death decisive battle depends on a small probability event, what kind of mentality is this?Similarly, does Zhuge Liang also have this kind of small probability mentality in the empty city plan?The specific manifestation of this kind of small probability event is the opportunistic mentality that we often talk about, such as "four or two to pull a thousand catties" and "killing a chicken with a bull's knife".Readers, please think about it, why doesn't Chinese culture worship the mentality of "a thousand catties and four taels" that have the certainty of victory?

This is not the most deadly, the most fatal, but also the saddest, is impetuousness!Chinese people worship tragic heroes, such as Yue Fei, Qu Yuan, etc., which is a manifestation of impetuousness.Why do I say this, because the worship of tragic heroes is just to look at their tragic appearance, as the saying goes, "Death before the success of the teacher will make the hero burst into tears."But our culture does not go deep into the real reasons for the failure of these tragic heroes. The result is that we only look at the superficial phenomena and do not study the real essential reasons.For example, we often say that "failure is the mother of success", which is the manifestation of this mentality. We will blindly believe that the superficial failure plus failure plus failure will equal success, instead of studying the essential reasons for each failure.You may not think there is any major problem with this kind of mentality, but do you know what will happen to entrepreneurs if the impetuous mentality is placed on entrepreneurs?I just like blindly becoming bigger and stronger.I often say that as long as our entrepreneurs achieve a certain scale, they will have a sick mentality of entering the world's top 500.In order to achieve this goal, the method they adopt is opportunistic. For example, TCL's acquisition of Thomson, and Lenovo's acquisition of IBM's global PC business are manifestations of this morbid mentality!The direct consequence of this is to destroy shareholder value, and such cases do not happen once or twice, but repeat themselves repeatedly.Our entrepreneurs never tire of it and speculate to the end.This kind of morbid mentality entered your soul at the moment when you worshiped tragic heroes and believed in the empty city strategy; at the moment when you admired Zhuge Liang's use of the east wind to burn Chibi, it became a part of the rigid thinking that you will never escape.These details I will explain in detail in the first chapter of this book.

Similar cultural problems also seriously affect the development of high technology in our country.Take Lenovo as an example. Before 2004, Lenovo impetuously wanted to enter the world's top 500, and its method was to engage in IT services, mobile phones, and the Internet by opportunism; Global PC business: On January 6, 2009, it was in trouble again.I think the most interesting thing is that Lenovo is betting on 12008 in this predicament. Che Liu Chuanzhi said that he will build servers, but he has not seen any real improvement until now. In 2009, he bet on the SME market, bet on supercomputers, and bet on servers , betting on 1,500 experience stores, betting on fashionable computers, and betting on netbooks.Anyone will find out why this company's strategy is so chaotic!

In fact, these chaotic strategies fully demonstrate that Chinese high-tech companies are particularly happy to succeed.For example, in 2005, Lenovo announced very high-profilely that it would manufacture the world's fastest supercomputer, with the goal of being 10 times faster than IBM!What is behind this?It is the spiritual goal that our culture advocates, such as "pursue the first", "if you don't sing, you will be done, and you will be a blockbuster".And this kind of mentality is the impetuousness I mentioned earlier, which makes us believe in miracles and worship miracles.Due to the influence of this impetuous culture, many enterprises in our country pursue high goals in the process of developing high-tech products, shouting the slogan of "the world's fastest supercomputer", and even pursuing "domestic first", "filling the domestic gap", "Filling the gap in the world" is the goal of product development.As for how to achieve this goal, it turned out to use such non-scientific and rigid ideas as "Yugong removes mountains" and "iron pestles are ground into needles" as their motto.

What exactly is the correct high-tech concept? Let's take Oracle's success as an example to talk about how to break the curse of Chinese culture. First, in Western concepts, the so-called scientific research is accumulation and transmission.The characteristics of Chinese scientific research are just the opposite. We basically waste time at a low level, and lack accumulation and transmission.For example, the students in the second grade of our elementary school pitifully memorize the ninety-nine multiplication table, which is a low-level waste.This low-level waste also includes that we consume a lot of time and energy for students to learn problem-solving skills in subjects such as mathematics and physics, and there are special emphasis on problem-solving Olympic mathematics, physics and other competitions.In addition, there is a low-level waste of time that students and parents are most familiar with: "Learn mathematics, physics and chemistry well, and you will not be afraid to travel all over the world." This is absolute nonsense, and it is definitely a low-level waste of time. Second, in Western philosophy, the so-called scientific research must abide by the law.We are different, we don't respect the rules, but want to break the rules, we even take pride in breaking the rules and the rules.For example, I, like many Chinese, take pride in breaking the rules.I was invited to give a speech in Wuzhou, Guangxi at the beginning of October 2008. Since there was no plane to get there, it would take 5 hours to drive there. In order to catch up with the time, the organizer of the speech sent a police car to pick me up.After I got into the police car, the siren blared all the way, I ran a red light, and I didn't pay the toll, I felt very happy.When I broke the traffic rules, I was not only not ashamed, but proud of myself. Third, in the Western philosophy, the so-called scientific research is to strengthen the testing and verification of errors.In our Chinese subconscious, what is level?It means that there are no mistakes in the things done, and the requirements for work are also like this.Why do we have this pursuit of perfection thinking?I think it may be directly related to our mentality of pursuing 100 points in every exam since we were young.Even if the child gets 98 points in the test, the parents are not necessarily satisfied, because they didn't get 100 points, because only 100 points are perfect.Under the control of this kind of consciousness, strengthening the testing and verification process for errors is regarded as a waste of resources, because since there are no errors, there is no need for testing and verification.In Western concepts, there must be mistakes in the completed work, and the greater the high-tech content, the more mistakes there will be. This is not a question of whether there is a level.Therefore, they believe that strengthening error testing and verification is a necessary guarantee for success.Why do they have this kind of thinking of accepting mistakes?I think it may have something to do with the different examination systems in the West. Basically, the West uses a curve to grade. As long as you are in the top 30% of the class, you are A. Although you made a lot of mistakes in the exam, you are still the best. OKTherefore, the thinking of Westerners to accept mistakes is much higher than ours. This kind of thinking is manifested in scientific research, which has formed that the West attaches great importance to testing and correcting mistakes, while the Chinese do not pay attention to testing. Fourth, in Western philosophy, failure is a failure of control and management.This mentality is unthinkable in our business. "Failure is the mother of success", we take it for granted.Because we have this kind of thinking, we can not be held accountable for failures; however, in Western concepts, we don’t see it that way, failures must be errors in control or management, and we must be held accountable. These are the erroneous thinking of Chinese enterprises in scientific and technological research and development that will be discussed in detail in Chapter Two of this book. In essence, they are a kind of magnification of the inferiority of Chinese culture. One of the confusions: just know how to make money The Chinese people have a problem - they know how to make money from the very beginning, and they can do whatever it takes to achieve this goal.For example, in the face of the tainted milk powder incident, you discovered overnight that the previous advertisements of "a catty of milk a day makes Chinese strong" are all deceptive!In fact, the frequency and density of food inspections in China are much higher than those in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand, because this kind of thing is unimaginable in almost any country outside China!It is also unimaginable that there is the black coal mine incident, and so on. You can see that there is only one explanation, that is, Chinese entrepreneurs have no moral constraints at all, and these people only know how to make money. Have you ever thought about how to live through tomorrow, why should you live until tomorrow?make money?You don't have to hide it in front of Professor Lang. Everyone knows this but they are too embarrassed to reveal it—isn't the purpose of running around all day just to make more money?It is very likely that you, who are reading this book at the moment, also want to think about some money-making ideas from this book.So, what is the money for?Leave it to the next generation?Would you rejoice if the government were to abolish inheritance tax?Coincidentally, US President George W. Bush once planned to do this. Do you think rich Americans were as happy as you at that time? Interestingly, 120 millionaires in the United States jointly published a statement opposing the government's abolition of inheritance tax.These include Bill Gates' father William Sr., Warren Buffett, George Soros, oil giant Rockefeller and others.What kind of social and cultural genes are buried behind the behavior of these wealthy Americans? 7 We Chinese basically don’t have a special understanding of Western history, and our Chinese nation is a nation that least likes reading, let alone studying Western history. up.We do not want to look for the roots of this kind of thinking of Bill Gates et al.I can tell you that the root of their thinking comes from the historical inheritance of the "God" enterprise 1,000 years ago, because the first joint stock company in the West was a church enterprise.So from the very beginning, I taught the ethics and social responsibility of the enterprise to grow with the growth of the joint stock company, that is, professional managers should fulfill their trust responsibilities to God and create wealth for the whole society and the people loved by God. what they think.You may think this is big talk or a myth, but do you know why?Because we did not educate our common people in this way.What kind of mentality do our Chinese entrepreneurs have - strong family and country feelings, desire for rapid growth, inner insecurity and worship of official business culture!Therefore, we should really be grateful for the crisis. Only when the crisis comes, will we calm down and think about whether there is something wrong with the most fundamental motivation and mentality in our hearts!The third chapter of this book is to help us review what else a company should do besides making money. Dazed 2: Do not understand the world After reading my introduction to Western entrepreneurs above, you may be wondering: Is this the Western capitalist society I heard about before?This is the tragedy of Chinese culture. When we talk about Chinese culture, what is the first thing that comes to your mind?Great Wall of the Yangtze River, Huangshan Yellow River, right?what are these?These are all symbols of our culture's self-enclosed, five thousand years!Therefore, as a native Chinese, you will never understand how Europeans see us, how Americans see us, and you can't understand why Europeans always have different views on the Tibet issue, let alone why the West treats China The attitude will take a big turn after the Wenchuan Earthquake.How sad!You don't know how others see you at all, you don't understand all of their favor and fear of you. Also watching the Olympics, you will find that Chinese people's perception and expectations of the Olympics are very different from those of foreigners!The so-called Olympics, in the end we understood it as a symbol of national strength, and even became the pursuit of the number one in the number of medals.We don't understand the West, and the West doesn't understand us.This mutual cognition gap has caused a lot of contradictions.I think the great significance of the Olympics lies in the contact between the two sides.But let me tell you, I have seen a lot of movies about the Olympics that have a problem—they are preachy, and we have started to teach people again: sit upright, don’t spit everywhere, and show the demeanor of a big country. In fact, this is wrong. This is not the spirit of the Olympics.What's more, we put too much effort into the Olympic Games and link the success of the Olympic Games with the honor and disgrace of the country. What a heavy burden it is.All this is because we have misunderstood the spirit of the Olympic Games. If you really want the West to understand China, you must understand the West.The Olympic Games does not necessarily have to show the torch relay everywhere, but should dig out the spirit of the Olympic Games.This is a platform to show strength and beauty, and it is a platform for fair competition.This sentence can win the hearts of all Westerners, because the Olympic blood they shed is not national honor and disgrace, but a fair competition of strength and beauty.This is what I will focus on in Chapters 4 and 5 of this book. China is one of the few ancient countries in the world that survive to this day.This nation will not disperse in a rush because of external crises. Whenever it encounters external disasters, it will collectively integrate and cohere together.Just like 10 pairs of chopsticks are gathered together and you can't break them, but one chopstick is easy to break, this kind of changeability of the Chinese makes it difficult for foreigners to understand.I'm sure you will find it common to see the big and small things in the Olympics that I mentioned in Chapter 6 of this book, but foreigners will make completely different judgments from these small things, so they think we are selfish, Cold.Moreover, our China with a population of 1.3 billion is so big in the eyes of foreigners, so they must have a negative impression of us, plus our culture and art, including "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" and "Sun Tzu's Art of War" The "skills" displayed made foreigners feel even more shuddering, which is why the RAND Corporation's negative report on China came about.Therefore, the sixth chapter will take you to see the special features of our Chinese culture from the perspective of Americans, and help you understand why Americans always have a very ambivalent attitude towards China. Confusion No. 3: Don’t understand why others look at you that way Our self-enclosed culture makes us seldom willing to take the initiative to understand the West and eliminate misunderstandings. What's more sad is that our culture still has impetuous bad roots, which leads to the fact that the few active understandings are too superficial. I have never been willing to take the initiative to understand why they have such views from the depths of their history and culture. For example, we see Western countries (including Germany and France) accusing China of the Tibet issue. Of course, we should protest violently, but the effect of our violent reaction is not ideal, because our protest misses the point.The real reason is that the Germans are influenced by the theory of blood, they think Tibetans are their lost brothers, and this ridiculous theory of blood has been exaggerated by a movie "Lost Horizon", which has formed an unbearable phenomenon in Western countries. Fading impressions, and even portraying Tibet as a paradise like a fairyland outside the world, this has formed the so-called Tibet complex, which we did not understand in the past.It is for this reason that the so-called reincarnation of living Buddhas in Tibet sounds a bit mythical to us, but the West is particularly obsessed with this kind of thing through the spread of literature and art such as "Lost Horizon". We leave these details in this book More on that in Chapter Seven. In this context, we say that we are going to rise peacefully — all big enough to rise — and that exacerbates concerns in the West.And just compare our big guy with Tibet, and you can imagine why Westerners feel sympathy for Tibet.Because in the minds of Westerners, we are such a ruthless big guy, and Tibet is so weak. As a result, their Tibet complex immediately fermented. But all these misunderstandings and all these complexes disappeared with the occurrence of the Wenchuan Earthquake.The whole world has discovered that Chinese culture is a compassionate culture, and the Chinese nation is a compassionate and loving nation.That's why CNN's attitude towards China has changed, so the Olympic Games have been run more smoothly, and the Tibet issue has become less acute. These are what I will talk about in Chapter 8 of this book. Confusion 4: Do not understand your own shortcomings In fact, foreigners know more about Chinese culture than we do. The movie "Kung Fu Panda" is a good example.The reason why this film has been well received by so many film critics is that its portrayal of characters deeply reflects the essence of our Chinese culture.The results of the analysis of the human nature of the Chinese by the RAND Corporation, an American think tank, are fully presented in this movie.You will suddenly find that Westerners understand our culture better than ourselves. Is there anything more sad than this?Our culture lacks an element of self-examination. Not only do we not understand ourselves, but we have never bothered to expose our scars. When we reflect on the shortcomings of our own culture, we avoid talking about the bad things and the pain. The memory chooses to avoid and forget. The whole movie "Kung Fu Panda" is about a leopard Dalong who betrayed his master for the sake of martial arts secrets, and the protagonist is the panda Po who accidentally entered the master and was arranged to deal with Dalong.The Americans pointed out sharply through the dragon in the movie: First, the Chinese are selfish and cruel.Dalong only thinks of himself, and doesn't care about the raccoon master who raised him since he was a child, because Chinese people are selfish and cruel. Second, Chinese people never care about others. Chinese people believe that the purpose of life is to improve themselves, so as to gain the approval of others.Dalong must obtain the secrets of martial arts, because Dalong has studied with his master for so long, and only by obtaining the secrets of martial arts can he become the most powerful person in the world and be recognized by everyone in the world.Saving face makes the Chinese inherently selfish and ruthless.That's why Dalong beat the master hard, and when he was about to strangle the master to death, he actually said such a sentence to the master... When you trained me, didn't you hope that I could get the martial arts secret book, otherwise why would I? Suffering?Now you don't give it to me, I will strangle you to death! And this movie pointed out sharply through pandas: First, the Chinese don't have elegant manners, and they don't have much manners.This movie is about a panda, an uneducated panda who sells noodles for a living and is incredibly rude, with no grace or manners. Second, Chinese people always dream of miracles, because we are not willing to put in the effort, we always want to get something for nothing.Did you see what the panda did in the movie?Ask him to practice, he can't bear hardships, and he can't practice well.Tell him to eat biscuits, especially stealing other people's biscuits, he will be very interested.The master saw that he was able to climb up the wall in order to steal biscuits, and his legs could be spread far apart.They are inseparable in ordinary practice, but they can be separated when stealing.And steal cookies?Steal one accurate, very well done.If you tell him to practice hard, he refuses, and if you tell him to opportunistically steal cookies, he is particularly interested, because pandas always want to get something for nothing. Third, the Chinese always want to take shortcuts.I believe this sentence should not be wrong.Do you know how pandas practice?In the movie, Panda is very lazy to practice. He doesn't like to practice, because he thinks it's useless.He wanted to be lazy, so the master kept giving him buns in order to let him practice.Later, through the method of grabbing buns by two people, he practiced agility.If you tell him to squat and do it step by step, he is not interested, but he is interested in grabbing buns.Why?This is a shortcut. Fourth, the Chinese have never had the courage to pursue what they think is right, and their execution is particularly poor.The master asked Panda to practice. Halfway through the practice, he slipped away in the middle of the night and quit.Why doesn't he do it?Because the purpose of his practice is to deal with Dalong, and Dalong is too scary, how could he possibly be Dalong's opponent?Although logically speaking, he has already entered this division, and the master accepted him as an apprentice, he should practice his kung fu well, and defeat Dalong according to the contract or agreement signed at the beginning.But no, what did he do, slip away in the middle of the night. The leopard Dalong and panda Po in the movie represent China in themselves.But then again, are the various skills and martial arts learned by Dalong and Po themselves the impression of our various film cultures on Western countries?So let me tell you that this movie itself is a microcosm of what Westerners think of us Chinese, so such a laughing and joking image of a panda is actually a great sadness in the depths of Chinese culture and Chinese character.After watching such a movie, we not only lack a kind of self-conscious self-examination, but also laugh and laugh with this panda. Isn't this the sad part of Chinese culture?These are the things I will cover in Chapter 9 of this book. Having said so much, if we summarize it a little bit, we will find out what is wrong with Chinese culture?Impetuous, opportunistic, and autistic, rigid, neither understanding the outside world nor self-examination.But the question is, where do these bad roots come from?We are extremely ignorant of the outside world because we often pay attention to what others think, but rarely think about why they think so, where are the cultural and historical roots of their thinking, so we have repeatedly missed historical opportunities to learn from others' advanced . In fact, we are less introspective about our past than we are about our present.From time to time, there will be a trend in the society to invite us ancient business gangs out of the dusty history, and worship them as business models, and pay homage to them, so there are a lot of books praising Hu Xueyan on the market. TV shows have also been on the air for a while.But do you know that Hu Xueyan is just an opportunist, and in the end he is just a loser?Most of the four major merchant gangs [Shanxi Merchants, Huizhou Merchants, Zhejiang Merchants (including Lake Merchants and Ningbo Gang), Cantonese Merchants (including Guangzhou Gang and Chaozhou Gang)] failed to stand the test of time. Because of political and policy reasons, just like we analyze today's enterprises, internal factors determine external factors. Have you carefully analyzed the reasons for the failure of these business groups?These things that have been carefully considered are really worthy of learning from our ancestors, rather than simply listening to a few stories about how the ancient business gangs were famous, and then surging the blood of national pride for a few minutes. Looking at the silence of the Shanxi Merchants, Huizhou Merchants and even the Huzhou Gang, it is not because of insufficient funds, but because of impetuous thinking, opportunism, and autism and rigidity.To be impetuous is to start eating, drinking, whoring and gambling after getting rich, and to indulge in money. Opportunity is to resell salt and hype real estate.After completing the initial capital accumulation, they all entered the real estate industry. After that, for example, the Huzhou Gang collapsed in the real estate speculation frenzy in Shanghai, and the Huizhou merchants represented by Hu Xueyan collapsed in their own silk trade speculation.The main manifestation of rigid thinking is not knowing how to develop further after getting rich!For example, Shanxi merchants never read books, and Huizhou merchants only read books for the purpose of further collusion between officials and businessmen.Even to a large extent, they often don't feel that they are getting rich suddenly, but think that their getting rich is due to hard work.But from a historical perspective, their rise all depended on the major economic policies or open policies at that time, which I will introduce in detail in Chapters 10 to 15 of this book.Therefore, this problem is no stranger to today, and the rigidity of thinking is precisely the most obsolete and most undesirable part of Chinese culture.So you have to admit that how far a company can go from ancient times to the present ultimately depends on how high its strategic thinking can stand. Taking this as a lesson, there are actually only two ways out: one is to comply with the reform and enter the next policy-oriented industry; the other is to upgrade the enterprise management system to achieve a high degree of integration of industrial capital and financial capital and bid farewell to the traditional business model.So in this sense, Hu Xueyan, Shanxi merchants, Huizhou merchants, and Lake merchants are not worth mentioning at all, but the strategic height of the Ningbo merchant gang and Chaozhou merchant gang deserves our attention.Hu Xueyan is just purely personal speculation, not only unable to lead an industry, but even unable to make a family business last forever.His wealth comes entirely from the corruption and shelter of power, which is not even comparable to other Shanxi merchants, Huizhou merchants, and Guangzhou merchants who also rose based on the monopoly of power, because the latter’s monopoly provided the regime at that time It is an essential service and, as such, is constantly maintained and supported by the political system.The examples shown one after another in Chapters 10 to 15 of this book also show that in fact, no business group can adapt and lead the reform for a long time, and continue to monopolize this policy industry, especially When faced with strong challenges, competition and even aggression from outside the system, most of the merchant gangs cannot escape the fate of being eliminated, including Shanxi merchants, Huizhou merchants, Lake merchants and Guangzhou merchants.History has left opportunities for each business group to transform, but the several times of difficulties in the transformation of Shanxi Bank to modern banks have clearly demonstrated the chronic problems of rigid thinking. Faced with the challenges and sorrows that still exist, shouldn't every Chinese and Chinese company today reflect on it?This kind of inferiority determined the weakness, incompetence, loss of power and humiliation of the late Qing government a hundred years ago. What about today?We are not only impetuous, but also opportunistic, so it is determined that Chinese companies lag behind others, and will always only be able to do the manufacturing link with the lowest added value in the industrial chain, and cannot move down to other links with higher value in the industrial chain.Moreover, we are still self-closing and rigid, thinking that there is a so-called comparative advantage in doing this lowest link, so we stand still and don't think about making progress.What's more sad is that we often regard impetuous progress as progress, or put all our eggs in one basket on some unrealistic attempts without scientific processes and scientific ideas.A hundred years of wasted time is still before our eyes. How should Chinese companies, and even every Chinese, deal with themselves?