If imperialism had to be defined as briefly as possible, it should be said that imperialism is the monopoly stage of capitalism. (Lenin: "Imperialism is the Highest Stage of Capitalism", People's Publishing House, 3rd Edition, April 2001, p. 77.) Before this book was published, the editor of the publishing house suggested that I study Lenin's "Theory of Imperialism" (Lenin: "Imperialism is the Highest Stage of Capitalism", published by People's Publishing House), in order to enhance the theoretical height of this book.Well, let us see how Lenin summed up the characteristics of imperialism:

(1) The centralization of production and capital has grown to such an extent that it has created monopoly organizations which play a decisive role in economic life; (2) Banking capital and industrial capital have been fused together, forming a financial oligarchy on the basis of this "financial capital"; (3) The export of capital, as distinct from the export of goods, is of special importance; (4) The capitalist international monopoly alliance to carve up the world has been formed; (5) The largest capitalist power has divided up the territory of the world. Hit the nail on the head!These expositions of Lenin are enough for us to see the essence of today's international economy and the essence of this international financial crisis.At the beginning of the current financial crisis, I remember that the media reported that "Das Kapital" was out of stock in Europe.In fact, in my opinion, Europeans should buy Lenin's "imperialism theory" a lot.Marx's "Das Kapital" talked about the essence of capitalism in the era of free competition; while Lenin's "Theory of Imperialism" analyzed the essence of contemporary capitalism.Lenin told us that monopoly is the normal state of today's international economy, financial oligarchy dominates today's global economy, and the international monopoly alliance of capitalists has or is dividing up the global market.This is what Lenin told us, the economic ecology we have to face today.

I think that our inland readers, as long as they graduate from high school, have proficiently memorized these expositions of Lenin in order to prepare for various exams.I advise all readers, in light of your economic life, to go back and think carefully about these expositions of Lenin. Now, imperialism has emerged with a new face, which I will call "new imperialism".According to the analysis of Lenin's thinking, the "new" here is mainly reflected in: (1) Monopoly organizations have grown stronger today, not only by controlling the global industrial chain, they play a decisive role in economic life, but also play a certain degree of decisive role in political culture.Don't you see, aren't the presidents, prime ministers, and parliaments of certain imperialist powers the followers of these monopoly organizations?Readers, if you take a good look at the case of Wal-Mart in this book, you will understand how Wal-Mart integrated and controlled the industrial chain in a "snake-eating" way, and formed a huge monopoly organization.

(2) Today, the imperialist financial oligarchs have transformed from traditional banks into modern "investment banks".They are not only integrated with industrial capital, but also integrated with traditional bank capital; this integration is no longer a simple cooperation, but controls industrial capital and traditional bank capital through various financial instruments.Not only that, they have also made full use of their "intelligence" to invent various financial products and leverage tools, leveraging the capital of the entire global society, calling the wind and rain, and firmly controlling the global economic resources for their own self-interest.Not only can they bankrupt an industry, but they can also bankrupt a country.All the cases discussed in this book have the shadow of modern financial oligarchy.

(3) Today is no longer an era of simple capital export, but an era of capital liberalization.The power of free capital flow is not what it used to be.Readers, please think carefully about today's financial crisis, and look back at the South American financial crisis and the Asian financial turmoil, and you will understand how the "capital export" strategy of the financial oligarchs uses the rules of capital liberalization to bring down a country or a country. Regional.It is very difficult for our "Silk Street Model" to compete with the "Wall Street Model" manipulated by financial oligarchs. We use "product export" to compete with "capital export", and the winner or loser can be determined from the very beginning.

(4) The cases in this book are enough to prove that the international monopoly organizations have formed a powerful alliance, that is to say, they firmly control a certain industry or industry through the efficient integration of the industrial chain.These international capital monopoly alliances have surpassed the power of guns.Regarding the international monopoly alliance of capital, readers are invited to take a good look at the cases of "Monsanto, the Four Major Grain Merchants, and Wall Street" in this book, and you will know how they formed an international monopoly alliance and manipulated global agriculture.

(5) Today's largest imperialist power is no longer content to carve up land, but to carve up the world market through capital.In the past, it was mainly through wars to carve up land to occupy the market, but now it is much easier to carve up the international market directly through capital or monopoly alliances to achieve the purpose of capital.In other words, the past "dividing up land" has evolved into the current "economic colony".Readers, please read the third chapter of this book, and you will know how foreign capital carves up the market, and then controls the economic lifeline of a country or region.

From the above analysis, we can see that the new imperialism is not only an academic and political concept, but it has seriously affected the present life and future life of each of us. Looking at our China, I want to tell readers that imperialism has never left China, but has reappeared with a face we don't know.This book is to uncover the true face of the new imperialism.According to Lenin's definition, the core of imperialism does not lie in the "state", but in the "monopoly organization" behind it. The imperialist nature of new imperialism has not changed.The cooperation between industrial capital, financial capital and the state is more skillful and tacit.They use capital and military power to create the so-called rules of the game and set up traps to trap vulnerable countries and nations.The new imperialism is not only about natural resources, but about firmly controlling everything from agriculture to industry to various profit-making industries, and finally realizes the ideological control of a country and nation, and makes you completely dependent on the suzerain country in terms of industry.This is the new nature of imperialism that we are seeing now.

The title of this book "New Imperialism in China" is not to be alarmist, nor is it to arouse the so-called extreme nationalist sentiment, but to warn the people, especially the government departments and national enterprises, to completely abandon their illusions and recognize the imperialism. Under the premise of the new nature of doctrine, we can effectively compete and cooperate with it!In the current global era, striving to be one of the makers of the rules of the game is our rational way to deal with it. In the narration and interpretation of each case in this book, although Lenin’s discourse on the five characteristics of imperialism is not clearly analyzed, readers can analyze and experience according to their own understanding.

This book consists of five parts: More than a hundred years ago, the Qing Dynasty created a continuous trade surplus by exporting tea, so the British had to raise silver from Mexico to continue purchasing tea from China.After such a toss on a global scale, in the end, the white poisonous gen had to be continuously shipped to China. Of course, the British were not reconciled, so they came up with a two-step plan. First of all, opium was obtained from Southeast Asia, and then smuggled to China, and the Chinese people's silver was earned back through the opium trade. From then on, there was no need to go to Mexico to dig silver mines.In the end, a large amount of silver flowed out of China. Lin Zexu wrote a letter saying that this is not enough, and if this continues, the country will perish.So Daoguang sent him to Guangdong to investigate.After Lin Zexu arrived in Guangzhou, the new official took office three fires. The first fire burned down the smokehouse, the second fire burned the bong, and the third fire burned the opium.The British were upset, so they sent a fleet. Instead of fighting with Lin Zexu, they sailed directly to Nanjing and blocked the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. This cut off the food supply in Beijing. Finally, the Qing Dynasty sent a chief negotiator. Qishan signed the Treaty of Nanjing.

The "Nanjing Treaty" has a total of four articles: land cession, indemnity, opening of treaty ports, and agreed tariffs.At that time, Emperor Daoguang read these four articles, and he was not furious, nor did he feel ashamed of his ancestors, but expressed emotion: Qishan, you are too talented as the chief negotiator, so few articles make Xiye so much The general soldiers sent away the uncertain British.So Daoguang immediately ordered Lin Zexu to retire and Qi Shan to reward him. Why did Emperor Daoguang think it was a good deal? First, he saw that what the British wanted was a small island they had never heard of, called Hong Kong Island, which was much smaller than Hong Kong today, and it was just a small island.The foreign trade city at that time was Guangzhou, and Hong Kong Island was just a barren land, so what was it?I have a great country, just give it to him. Article 2, Compensation.It doesn't matter, it's only more than 200,000 yuan, and it just needs to be apportioned to the Guangzhou Thirteenth Bank. The bosses of the Thirteenth Bank are all worth tens of millions of taels of silver. The third one is to open a few more treaty ports. Anyway, Guangzhou has been open for more than a hundred years without any major incidents. The fourth article is also the one that we seem to be most distressed today. Why?China's own products bear very high various taxes and miscellaneous taxes. According to this treaty, foreign products only need to bear a unified tax rate of more than ten percent of the first half. From then on, Chinese entrepreneurs are doomed to face an inherently harsh business environment. .What's more terrible is that if this fixed tax rate is to be changed in the future, it has to be discussed with the British. Isn't this equivalent to handing over all tariffs to foreigners for control!But Daoguang didn’t see it that way. The situation at that time was that the officials in the Qing Dynasty were extremely corrupt. The tax rate stipulated by the central government was actually less than 5%. After the regulations, the court got more money instead, so this matter made Daoguang very happy, and the tax collection and anti-corruption issues that had been uncertain were also solved. It can be seen that the real unequal treaties are not forced to sign by others, and we Chinese still have this backbone.But imperialism is well aware of our weakness, that is, the emperor may not know what stupid things the chief negotiator has done, and the chief negotiator does not care about the life and death of domestic enterprises.Who told you to be stupid?When the treaty was signed, the civil and military of the Manchu Dynasty felt that they had cut off the country left by their ancestors, and their face was disgraced, but they didn't know that the tariff agreement was really fatal.When something was wrong, Ran thought it was too late to remedy it. The first part of this book is to tell the story of modern Qishan for readers. We will find that the level of our chief negotiator does not seem to be daunting for more than a hundred years.Today, more than a hundred years later, imperialism is still not dead, and it is also because we have all kinds of chief negotiators to help us. We really signed a lot of clauses similar to the agreement on tariffs. The first chapter tells about one of the modern Qishan——Ms. Xu Wenying, the chief negotiator of the tire special protection case, played Qishan's level, put forward several ignorant rebuttals that are both unreasonable and unfounded, and spent a lot of money to lobby and negotiate in the United States. In the end, there was no shortage of punitive tariffs, and they offended everyone.What's more terrible is that after the negotiations on the tire protection case completely failed, it led to a series of trade wars, and it was too late to remedy it! The second chapter tells about the second part of modern Qishan—the chief negotiator of Lanzhou City Government fully exerted Qishan's level, and signed a water price contract with Veolia of France that humiliated the "city".Veolia did not invest or build a network management system, and asked for a 49% price increase in the second year after acquiring the Lanzhou Water Company.When Lanzhou citizens asked Veolia to provide financial data at the hearing, Veolia showed its true colors of imperialism - "blatantly refused", and at the same time threatened the Lanzhou government, if it did not raise prices, it would go to court.Driven by the Lanzhou city's contract that humiliated the "city", water prices across China have risen across the board. China's investment promotion should not sign everything and sell everything, let alone make money by selling public utilities. Nowadays, many public utilities are being sold at a low price, which is rare in the world.In addition to water, the French Veolia Group has recently acquired various Chinese public transport systems, dreaming of repeating the Lanzhou water business model.Controlling the water will control the lifeblood of the Chinese people, and it will be up to Veolia and others to decide whether to increase the price; if the public transportation system is controlled by it, Veolia will control the legs of the Chinese people, and price increases are inevitable of. This kind of ignorant, incompetent, and immoral practice harms the fundamental interests of the common people. If it causes public grievances, it will be too late to remedy it! The third chapter tells about the third goodness of modern Qishan—the chief negotiator of iron ore, the China Iron and Steel Association, who did not understand the rules of the iron ore pricing game set by the United States, Japan, and Australia. Throwing away the helmet and armor, and returning after a disastrous defeat, his level is not as good as Qi Shan.Then the steel association once again used the Chinese people's ability to go through the back door and dig into the wall, and turned to hook up with Brazil's Vale. Unexpectedly, it was slapped in the face again and returned in a disastrous defeat.In the end, we had no choice but to import iron ore at the spot price. By November 2009, it had caused a loss of nearly 30%.These chief negotiators of the Iron and Steel Association have probably caused more than 700 billion losses to our country, and it is too late to make up for it! After such a toss, the British found that the opium trade was not a long-term solution, so they began to think about the second step. In 1848, the East India Company sent Robert?Fortune previously lived in China.The guy speaks fluent Chinese and he said he was a Scottish botanist and explorer.We were ignorant and ignorant at the time, and we didn't understand the relationship between Scotland and England, which signed the "Nanjing Treaty" with us, so this guy entered the mainland of China in a grand manner, went deep into the mountains of Fujian, and got the tea seeds that we strictly guarded , investigated and recorded the cultivation methods of tea leaves.In the end, he brought back 20,000 small tea trees and about 17,000 tea seeds, and took away 8 Chinese tea workers and tea farmers.Since then, Indian tea began to replace Chinese tea on the trade stage.By 1890, Indian tea occupied 90% of the British domestic market. China was completely defeated in this trade war and commercial espionage war, and became a complete spectator. We always think that the East India Company is a story factory of the past. How do we know that the modern East India Company has reappeared, that is, Monsanto + the four major grain merchants + Wall Street. Back then, the British East India Company sent people to China to steal tea. Today, the American Monsanto Company is exactly the same, coming to China to steal soybeans. The fourth chapter tells this story.After Monsanto got the soybean, they went back to find high-yield and anti-virus genes from soybeans through their cutting-edge research. In 2000, Monsanto applied for 64 patents in 101 countries including China. After 2003, the US government forced us to import the descendants of this soybean, thus eliminating Chinese soybeans.And other members of the modern East India Company—Wall Street began to push up the price of soybeans until 4,400 yuan a ton, and then suppressed it to 2,000 yuan a ton, which led to the closure of 70% of China's oil crushing factories.Another member of the Modern East India Company, the four major grain merchants, took this opportunity to enter China and bought these closed factories at a low price, thus enabling the Modern East India Company to control 85% of China's grain and oil market. The old imperialism had to send people in disguise to poach 8 senior engineers from China, and after decades of experiments in India and Sri Lanka, they could steal our stuff.In contrast, the new imperialism is even more terrifying. You only need to take away one seed, and no one needs to dig it up. You can apply for 64 patents after doing some analysis and experiments in the laboratory!The old imperialism can only make the trade surplus disappear slowly, but the new imperialism makes us not only unable to continue to export, but to import in large quantities!They used to go to Mexico to dig for silver to buy tea, but now they sell soybean seeds to Argentina and Brazil, and then sell soybeans to us. The modern East India Company had tasted the sweetness of the soybean war, so it went on to fight the second war-the corn war described in Chapter 5.They continued the idea of ​​the soybean war and continued to export to China.First of all, they took advantage of the inversion of the price of Chinese corn and its processed products (such as starch, feed, etc.) to enter China.Since our trade processors, feed merchants, etc. suffer losses under the price inversion, they have the same wish as the four major grain merchants, one of the members of the East India Company.The four major grain merchants hope that China will open up corn imports because they control 90% of the world's corn trading volume. Chinese companies also hope to open up corn imports to make up for losses caused by price inversions.In the end, under the double pressure, we are very likely to really open up imports.U.S. corn is especially cheap thanks to the $29 billion U.S. government subsidized corn over the past 10 years.Once we open up imports, American corn will sweep the Chinese market. Like soybeans, Chinese corn will be eliminated immediately, thereby controlling feed prices, and then controlling the market for poultry, livestock and their derivative products, including eggs and milk. What if the Chinese government does not open up imports?In fact, this is better for the Modern East India Company, because exporting is so tiring. Monsanto, another member of the Modern East India Company, simply gave us seeds to plant American corn No. 007 and No. 008 in Guangxi, learning from the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Started the Northern Expedition from Guangxi to eliminate Northeast rice.The modern East India Company's approach can be described as a higher level. It can go up to another level. When it comes to the cotton war in Chapter 6, the Modern East India Company thinks about it, don’t toss it across the ocean like soybeans, and don’t send seeds to Guangxi farmers for cultivation like corn. Just sell it to us directly, and use our own land to attack our own market.Monsanto, one of the members of the modern East India Company, was very smart. It knew that the cotton seeds it brought in with the genetically modified insect-resistant cotton 33B would be copied, so what should we do?They planted a ticking time bomb, so clever, it's amazing.The result is that the cotton produced by insect-resistant cotton 33B has no problems in the first three years. After three years, if you don't continue to buy seeds from it, the cotton you grow will not be as good as the next generation.So in 2009, our cotton gap was as high as 2 million tons. They don’t have to force us to open up imports like the soybean war and corn war, because it’s too late for us to grow cotton now, and we can only rely on imports for such a big gap, so we will obediently open up imports, and the inevitable result of opening up imports is Repeating the mistakes of soybeans and corn, American cotton will immediately eliminate Chinese cotton, because the U.S. government also provides a large amount of subsidies for cotton. For every $100 cotton planted by American cotton farmers, the U.S. government subsidizes $89 to $129. The modern East India Company has upgraded from the forced import of soybeans to planting corn in China, and then to China's voluntary import of American cotton. The means are really clever, admiration, admiration. The third article will peel off the "painted skin" of foreign capital for readers.The core change is that they were only importers in the past, but now they are both importers and exporters, and they have further used their powerful industrial chain integration capabilities to control the entire industrial chain and thereby manipulate the entire industry.In order to elaborate the industrial chain integration thinking of the new imperialism, Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 will introduce two cases respectively. The seventh chapter starts with the acquisition of Huiyuan, and looks at the true face of foreign capital's acquisition of Chinese enterprises.For Coca-Cola, Huiyuan may or may not be acquired.Why do you say that?Because what Huiyuan owns is only manufacturing and sales links, but for Coca-Cola, these are not important.Coca-Cola has a complete bottling line and a complete distribution system in China. As for sales offensive and brand building, it is the teacher of China's beverage industry.Huiyuan's most valuable asset is actually the upstream orangery, from which Coca-Cola can graft on the experience of the United States, or resell it to Sunkist in the United States.Therefore, after tossing for a long time, the acquisition of Huiyuan has actually come to an end.If Coca-Cola can acquire Huiyuan, it will save some troubles, and it doesn’t matter if it can’t be acquired, but it will be a little later to conquer the Chinese market. The eighth chapter starts with Wal-Mart, and looks at the true face of foreign capital integrating China's industrial chain.First of all, I would like to ask readers a question through this case: Why are we so afraid of foreign capital?If you look at "foreign capital mergers and acquisitions" on Baidu, you will find that Internet's attitude towards foreign capital is either loud or sensational.But what does this outcry and hostility indicate?What it shows is not how terrible foreign capital is really, but that we actually don't know what foreign capital is doing at all.In fact, Wal-Mart's real competitive advantage in China is its industrial chain integration.Wal-Mart is like a greedy snake. After eating the downstream, it eats the midstream, and after eating the midstream, it supports its own upstream. This practice of foreign capital acquiring the entire industrial chain is worthy of our attention and learning. Some people may say that the situation is different today, imperialism is not so naked anymore, is it?Do you want to know the answer?Then let us turn our attention to Africa and see how the new imperialism is still arrogant.How Europe and the United States plundered Africa in the past has not stopped today, but has intensified. Only after Somali pirates hijacked our ship did we wake up to the seriousness of the situation.Chapter Nine will reveal to readers how modern European and American imperialism plundered Africa, thus causing rampant pirates in Somalia.Somalia has been a British and Italian colony since 1887.It was not until 1960 that Britain and Italy withdrew from Somalia and Somalia became the Republic of Somalia.But this was the beginning of the disaster in Somalia. After Britain and Italy left, they still supported their agents locally, with the purpose of plundering Somalia's wealth.As a result, Somalia was poor and white, with famine year after year.In the 1980s, the United States and Italy began to get involved in Somalia. The aid invested by these two countries combined was already half of Somalia's GDP. Private pocket.A lot of aid materials from the United States have been sold on the black market, and the lives of ordinary people in Somalia have become even more difficult. Why has Somalia become a "pirate kingdom" today?The intervention of the U.S. military not only led to the "Black Hawk Down" depicted in the movie, but also to an international disaster.Because Somalia is in a state of anarchy, a large number of fleets from European and American countries entered Somalia. They did two things. The first was extinct fishing, and the second was dumping nuclear waste.Somalia's independent news media Wadhe News once conducted a poll on the armed hijacking of international ships at sea, and found that more than 70% of coastal residents supported their actions.Why?The people in Somalia said that you deserved to be arrested. You have caught all our fish and shrimps and left nothing to us. We can’t survive. You also dumped all the nuclear waste on our beach. If you don’t catch you, who will you catch? ?In fact, the robbing of European and American ships is their own fault, which is their retribution for plundering Africa for a hundred years, and the robbing of our ships is really the scapegoat. In addition to Somalia, Chapter 10 introduces another poor African country - Côte d'Ivoire, also known as Ivory Coast, which was formerly a French colony and is still severely exploited by the new imperialism until today. Another manifestation of the new-imperialism’s undying ambition is to provoke China-Africa relations. As described in Chapter 11, the new-imperialism simply cannot tolerate China’s meddling in their African continent in any form.Their criticisms of us can be summed up as follows: China’s state-owned mining companies hire local people to mine for less than a pound a day. These resources are transported by Chinese cars, roads built in China, and railways built in China. To the seaport aided by China, and then handed over to China's ocean-going company to ship back to China, backed by China's arms trade.Demonization is not terrible, but demonization with an organized industrial chain is the scariest, because it is difficult for you to refute the opponent with data or examples.It's like someone slandering you for stealing a bicycle, and you can prove your innocence by showing evidence that I wasn't there.But now some people say that you are an organized crime, that you organized and planned the stealing of bicycles by several of your friends, and it is not enough for you to say that you were not at the scene.Now the West is accusing us of this. They say, those people are your friends, right?You say yes.They said, did they put the bike in your house?You say yes.They say it's unlikely that a person can buy three or four bicycles to ride himself, right?You said it was impossible.So they came to a conclusion: You knew your friends had stolen bikes and you were helping them hide them.How do you refute?This is the robber logic of Westerners.We must jump out of the trap set by the new imperialism and fight for reason, and thoroughly strip away the true face of the new imperialism. When we talk about how to get out of the crisis, we always refer to Roosevelt's New Deal, and many people imagine that Obama will also implement a New Deal, which will bring China out of the crisis by the way.However, the analysis in the fourth part of this book is very clear. The essence of new imperialism has not changed. We must first understand what is going on under the leadership of Obama, and we must not have unrealistic illusions. Otherwise, you will only lose your wife and lose your army. In the past, in the era of President Bush Jr., the United States only recognized that it was either black or white, that is-either an enemy or a friend. This is unilateralism.In Chapter 12, we can see that Obama is one of the few presidents in the history of the United States who recognizes the gray area, so he gave up unilateralism.But even if unilateralism is abandoned, it is impossible for the United States to change its hostility towards China.I think Obama will use very flexible diplomatic rhetoric to give us China face while avoiding the most important, and they will get all the "little". Obama unexpectedly won the Nobel Peace Prize. Should we have another evaluation of him? Will he be a president who pursues peace and gives up confrontation?In fact, we are largely similar to the Nordics (including Norwegians), and we don't know much about Obama.The thirteenth chapter will talk about what the Nobel Peace Prize is all about.To put it simply, because this family-oriented man abandoned the consistent unilateralism of the United States and moved the Nordic people, Norway gave Obama the Nobel Peace Prize based on his feelings.We should absolutely not expect Obama to change his usual hostility towards China. The United States got out of the Great Depression by Roosevelt's New Deal, and the other side of Roosevelt's New Deal was China's silver crisis and severe economic crisis.The U.S. economy began to collapse on "Black Thursday" in 1929, and the next four years were miserable. In April 1933, Roosevelt replaced the battered Hoover as President of the United States.With his "visible hand", he launched a number of strong state intervention policies, including prohibiting private storage of gold and gold securities, devaluing the US dollar by 40.94%, and increasing investment in heavy industry and infrastructure, etc., pulling the US economy out of the Mire, this is the famous "Roosevelt New Deal."One of the most important items in the New Deal was to temporarily abandon the gold standard, which directly led to a sharp rise in the price of the world silver market. The price of silver per ounce rose from US$0.27 in 1932 to US$0.45 in April 1933, and even rose to US$0.45 in April 1935. $0.67.Roosevelt's policies stimulated the recovery of the US economy, but "accidentally" hurt the fragile Chinese economy on the other side of the ocean.The rise in the price of silver has led to the rapid appreciation of China's silver dollar, which is the same as our current appreciation of the renminbi, which directly leads to the loss of the price advantage of Chinese goods in the international market, and a sharp reduction in commodity exports, while at home it induces a financial and industrial and commercial crisis. Turmoil, a large amount of silver outflow, the price of raw materials fell, and the consumer market fell into a downturn. And at that time, many countries, including the United States, were implementing trade protection policies.The data provided by the economist Liu Dajun of the Republic of China reflected the scene at that time: the net export of Chinese commodities dropped from 1.417 billion yuan in 1931 to 535 million yuan in 1934, and the export of cotton yarn dropped from 340,000 tons in 1929 to 1935. 240,000 dan, raw silk dropped from 420,000 dan to 180,000 dan, and tea dropped from 940,000 dan to 630,000 dan.Shrinking exports first affected the prices of agricultural products. From 1931 to 1934, the agricultural output value in the national gross national product dropped by 47%, and the rural areas were in depression. To sum up, Roosevelt's New Deal is the exchange rate war at the first hand, and the trade war at the second hand. Today, 80 years later, the new American imperialism led by Obama, as I said, will never change its hostility towards China.According to the analysis in Chapter 14 of this book, on the surface, Obama always dealt with us in a smooth and skillful way, because he wanted to give China face on the surface.In fact, Obama not only inherited Roosevelt's two tactics - the exchange rate war and the trade war, but also added a third - the cost war.How destructive the three unprecedented wars launched by the new American imperialism will be to China deserves our serious analysis. I believe that after reading this book, all readers will understand that imperialism has never disappeared, they just revived in different forms.So, what should we do?Chairman Mao's words are very instructive: throw away illusions and prepare for struggle!