Chapter 35 The man who found the "empty shell"

Not all markets have achieved "positive results"; not all markets have brought prosperity to one economy. The establishment of the target model of the socialist market economic system in China does not mean that this model has been successful in China, but in fact, it is only the opening of the prelude. Just as people stood up and cheered the market, the market remained silent. It has its own laws of operation, its own living conditions, and its own dialectics.In this tortuous and surging "market river", people have just touched the first stone. The sadly empty "Golden Nest" in Wenxi Town is not the only sight. At the end of 1992, Hu Hongwei, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency, traveled all over the country with a topic of "showing the prosperity of Zhejiang market". ".

It was in this newsletter that he brought up the "empty market phenomenon". "Empty shell is a problem exposed in the development. Zhejiang's market pace is ahead of the whole country, so the problem appears earlier than other places." Hu Hongwei said.In fact, until today, several years later, this "empty shell problem" still plagues market founders in many provinces and cities. In the text, this young and experienced reporter from Xinhua News Agency, who ran rural news for ten afternoons, dissected three deformed "market views": One is the idealistic "market outlook" that "gets it all right".

"A certain city in southern Zhejiang. In the second half of last year, the leaders of the local government decided on the spot to build a large-scale wholesale market for agricultural and sideline products. However, after the explosion of firecrackers celebrating the opening, the huge market never appeared again. Bustling. People are scattered and rooms are empty, so deserted. In desperation, this market had to be changed into today's parking lot. "The reporter felt during the investigation in various places that the 'empty shell' market caused by the hasty launch of the government department's wishful thinking is not unique. In addition, there are quite a few markets that have not experienced such extreme desertion, but they are only It is just maintenance. The role played is far from the good wishes placed at the beginning.

"After careful analysis, it is not difficult to find that, unlike the previous years, when farmers mainly set up markets spontaneously, in the new round of 'market boom' that has emerged in recent years, many investors in market construction have been converted to government departments. Government departments Participation has greatly promoted the process of market development, but at the same time, excessive administrative color and simplified working methods have also produced certain negative effects. "In the minds of many local cadres, the market is 'one-handed, it works'. It is easy to build a market, and all work problems can be solved naturally after the market is established:

Our business here is not thriving, okay, let’s set up a market to “build nests and attract birds”; —— say that this year’s products won’t sell well, okay, run a market to “attract customers from all over the world”; Well, run a market..."These cadres have an extraordinary expectation and enthusiasm for the market. Due to the inertia of traditional thinking, this expectation and enthusiasm are often built on an idealized thinking pattern In the past, they mistakenly thought that as long as they circled a piece of land and set up a few sheds, the "canal" would naturally have "water", and why worry about the wind and phoenix flying up and down when the plane trees were planted? However, the facts are often ruthless Crush their logical 'market dream'. Therefore, "hastily plotting land, busily opening, deserted and quiet guarding the stalls" has become a common trilogy of fate for this type of market.

"Economists believe that the market is not a sweet fruit that is readily available. Its emergence and development require specific environmental conditions and processes. At the same time, the market is not a panacea that can cure all diseases. To prosper a local economy, In addition to making great efforts to build a good market, it is also necessary to make great efforts and do a lot of work in creating a good external policy environment and developing characteristic industries. "The main crux of our simplistic understanding of idealism in the market lies in our ignorance of the laws of the market. Ignorance leads to blind action, blind action leads to passivity, and after passivity, we become even more at a loss."

One is the formalistic "market view" of "Gaoquan". "A certain county in northern Zhejiang has never had a well-developed market economy. Not long ago, the county invested more than 10 million yuan to build a large-scale shopping mall with an astonishingly modern level of hardware. At the ribbon-cutting ceremony, a local leader proudly declared: "Our market will have three characteristics: a high starting point, grand style, and full functions." "What a 'Gaoquan'." "In recent years, quite a number of husband-style markets have rapidly emerged in various parts of Zhejiang. The construction cost is more than one million yuan, and the investment reaches tens of millions of yuan. "Inferior. There is information that, on the whole, the continuous expansion of construction scale and continuous improvement of grades is an inevitable requirement for the continuous development and expansion of Zhejiang's market system. Facts have also proved that this trend will further promote the vitality of Zhejiang's urban and rural economies. And prosperity played a big role.

However, not all of this is lawful and stunning. "Why do some areas with a poor market development base deviate from actual needs and possibilities and insist on 'spending a lot of money to build a gold nest'? A comrade from the Rural Policy Research Office of Zhejiang Province analyzed that under the current climate, many government officials They are eager to make a difference on the big stage of developing the market economy, and setting up a market vigorously will solve the problem of developing a market economy and establish a tall reform image. In this way, no matter whether the conditions are met or not, the market will be built more and more. The bigger and more imposing the better.

"This comrade cried out with concern: the formalistic tendency of blind comparisons and greed for foreign goods in the office market should be given a break. "A leader of the Yiwu Municipal Government said with regret that many of the cadres visiting Yiwu now hope to get a quick market experience. "They often only see the superficial things, and only modernize the hardware. This way of managing the market will not end well." Another is the egotistical "market view" that revolves around the "money bag". "A main road crosses the two cities A and B in eastern Zhejiang. City A has built a non-staple food wholesale market on the side of Party B close to this main road. There is also a non-staple food wholesale market just a few hundred meters away from the former on the opposite side of the main highway. Now, the construction of this market with an investment of several million yuan has started.

"Comrades from the Zhejiang Provincial Administration for Industry and Commerce pointed out that this is by no means normal market competition, but the will of the Chief Executive. Such an extremely unreasonable market layout is not uncommon. "The gestation and growth of the market should be determined by breaking the artificial boundaries of administrative divisions and determined by the economic development trend of a certain area. In fact, some cadres are short-sighted and are considering what type of market to build. This market Where they are located, they often regard the invisible administrative boundaries as fences, and are used to going around the territory under their jurisdiction, and enforce them through administrative means. This old self-contained small farmer The egotistical market outlook under the shadow of the economy will eventually inevitably lead to poor market development.

"Looking around today's 'market boom', it is not difficult to find that the self-interest of departments as the main pursuit of the market is another 'masterpiece' of the egotistical market outlook. "In recent years, many local governments have issued documents to encourage various departments to vigorously set up markets, and correspondingly implemented the policy of 'who runs the market, who manages, and who charges fees'. This is a good thing for mobilizing multiple forces and promoting the further development of the market network. Good thing. However, there are also a small number of departments that are relatively indifferent to the fundamental purpose of establishing the market, which is an active and prosperous economy. Especially with the continuous deepening of government institutional reforms, the original umbilical cord of survival has been gradually cut, and these departments feel at a loss. So, the establishment of The market has become a good opportunity for them to establish the name of the reform of the transformation of functions, and it can also be a good opportunity for the small groups in the department to generate income. They may set up various names. Increase transaction procedures to charge more link fees, or simply openly greatly increase the market Amount of management fees. The increased income was not used for market reconstruction, but fell into the department's 'pocket'. "For this 'new creation' of the egotistical market view, many people call it 'singing a new tune, following the old steps, and walking a crooked path'... At the end of this long article, Hu Hongwei added: A paragraph that is not superfluous: "The market fever is still heating up, and the market fever should be heating up. "Even in Zhejiang Province, where the market is quite developed, the development of the market still has a long and difficult process. At present, in all parts of the country, neither the number nor the level of development of the market is far from enough, and it still needs to continue to develop. However, in grasping After gaining this basic understanding, we must keep a clear head and do more calm analysis to avoid mistakes in market construction in the future.” In the midst of the buzz of reputation, in order to avoid unnecessary detours in the development of the national market, Zhejiang people opened the "wound" hidden under the skin and showed it to the world. The forerunner's rationality and magnanimity can be seen here at a glance.