Chapter 14 4. How to add points to political achievements?

In the second year of Qingli reign of Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi ranked fourth in Jinshi. He was originally the No.The No. 1 scholar was Yang Shu, the son-in-law of Zhi Gongju (chief examiner), and Yang Cha's younger brother, who was then Zhi Zhi Gao.Wang Anshitou spent three years working on official affairs of the Jiedu Judicial Office on Huainan East Road, a small employee under the magistrate of Yangzhou. At that time, his leader was Han Qi, one of the "Big Three" of the Qingli New Deal.What does a newly recruited Jinshi who has just entered an official position get a free job? "Shaw's Hearings and Experiences" is very clear. Once, Wang Anshi studied all night, squinted for a while when he was sleepy, and when he opened his eyes, the sun was already high.Wang Anshi hurried to the government office to report at Dianmao, but he didn't have time to wash up, so he was disheveled and dejected.Seeing the appearance of twenty-five-year-old Wang Anshi, Han Qi suspected him of "drinking at night".Han Qi took the attitude of a leader and taught him that you should not neglect your studies when you are young.Wang Anshi was silent, he didn't say a word, he neither accepted the leader's lecture nor objected to the chief's lesson.

The four words "drinking at night" summarize the living conditions of most Xinke Jinshi, and it is also the collective impression of the superiors on Xinke Jinshi.There aren't many young people who have serious business. Looking at Wang Anshi's overindulgent appearance, he knew that he might have gone to sleep in the flowers and willows last night.Once the Shinke Jinshi leaves the impression of "drinking at night" to the superiors, it will inevitably have an impact on the official career, not to mention directly, but also indirectly.It is entirely conceivable that if there is a vacancy in the unit, several superiors discuss who to choose to fill the vacancy, one mentions XX, and the other says that the guy "drinks and relaxes at night".Everyone understands the implication, so consider other masters who have serious business!

Wang Anshi, who was suspected of being "drinking and relaxing at night", studied all night long, wrote a book and published it, called "Miscellaneous Talks of Huainan".This book is a work of ideology, and its content has been lost today, leaving only the evaluation of the world that "his words are comparable to Meng Ke's".More than 20 years after the publication of "Huainan Zashuo", Sima Guang published an article "On Customs and Customs", discussing the influence of this ideological work on the morality of the world. guiding role.The mid-Northern Song Dynasty was another golden period of thought after the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The famous Neo-Confucianism was born, mainly including Wang Anshi's new studies, Sima Guangshuo's studies, Zhou Dunyi's studies, Shao Yongxiang's mathematics, Zhang Zaiguan's studies, Er Cheng's Luo studies, Su Shi's Shu studies, Zhu Xi's Minology and Lu Jiuyuan's Mindology (which was carried forward by Wang Yangming in the Ming Dynasty, also known as "Lu Wang's Mindology"), etc. "Huainan Zashuo" (also known as "Wang Shizashuo") is the beginning of the "sexual theory" of Neo Confucianism.

"Huainan Miscellaneous Talks" was undoubtedly a super bestseller at that time, and it was mentioned more than 20 years later, which shows its wide spread.This book added extra points to Wang Anshi's official career. In the sixth year of Qingli (1046), Wang Anshi signed a sentence in Huainan and returned to Beijing to report on his duties. Suddenly, there was a "Wang Xuanfeng" in the capital.Han Wei, who was a Beijing official, and Zeng Gong, an iron buddy of the Shang Guozijian, all suggested that he stay in the capital to work. Wang Anshi left the place on the grounds that "the family is poor and the population is difficult to support the capital", and he worked in Yinxian County, Mingzhou, Zhejiang Province (today) Governor of Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province.The purpose of Wang Anshi's visit to the local area is clear, that is, to make some political achievements.He spent thirteen days traveling to 14 townships in the county, put forward the goal of dredging channels according to the actual local conditions, and actively organized manpower and material resources to overhaul water conservancy.Wang Anshi also introduced the "Changping Consolidation and Scattering Method" for ordinary people who could not afford to plant land, loaning millet to farmers for planting land, and paying interest immediately. Solved the problem of farmers farming, and increased the government treasury.Once this policy was launched, the social effect was good and it was a complete success, so Wang Anshi became famous.When Zhiman returned to the capital, the "Wang Xuanfeng" blew up again.Officials from the DPRK and China, such as Wen Yanbo, Ouyang Xiu, Zeng Gongliang, and Chen Zhizhong, unanimously recommended Wang Anshi to work in the Central Pavilion.The pavilions of the Song Dynasty refer to the Zhaowen Pavilion, the History Pavilion, the Jixian Academy, the Secret Pavilion, and the Longtu Pavilion. Enter, because the Pavilion Pavilion is Zai Zhi's incubation base.

Official positions in the Song Dynasty were quite special. Generally, officials had two or more titles on their heads, namely official, post and dispatch.Officials, easy to understand, such as granting Guanglu Temple Chancellor (from the sixth rank), who is in charge of court meals, according to this official will pay you wages, but not necessarily work; followed by jobs, which can be roughly divided into three types, the first category Zhizhihao, Hanlin Shidu Bachelor, the second type of Hall Bachelor, and the third type of Pavilion Bachelor, collectively referred to as Bachelor, are more of an honorary title; dispatch is the actual position of an official, such as knowing a certain state, judging a certain state, etc.As mentioned in the previous article, Bao Zheng was once a doctor of Shangshu Sheng Yousi Langzhong, a direct scholar of Longtuge, and Quanzhi Kaifeng government affairs. Langzhong is an official, and a direct bachelor is a job. Quanzhi Kaifeng government affairs is dispatched, which is his reality. Work. "History of the Song Dynasty Official Records" contains: "So officials regard ascending to the stage and being promoted to be banned as officials, instead of taking the speed of officials as honor and stagnation; they regard sending important dramas as the most precious way, rather than rank, honor, and honor. Whether the Jueyi is important or not." It means that the officials are famous for their positions in the Zhaowen Museum, Jixian Academy and other pavilions, regardless of the size of the official position.Take the actual job responsibilities of the dispatch as the high and low, not who has more honorary titles on their heads.

There were many people who recommended Wang Anshi, and among them Wen Yanbo was the worst. He wrote to Wang Anshi when he knew Changzhou, saying that as long as you promise, you can return to Beijing, and the pavilion will be exempted from the test.Wen Yanbo hoped that he would return to work in the imperial court, and he actually smoothed out the examination procedures for the pavilion, but Wang Anshi declined his kindness again, and resigned from the pavilion four times in total, creating the myth of official career in that era. The two examples of Zeng Gongliang and Wang Anshi are intended to illustrate that Xinke Scholars have something in common to show their image to the society and create political achievements.To be able to make political achievements, you need to be in a certain position, and no matter how proficient your job is, it is called your own job.Although ordinary positions will have extraordinary performance, in fact no one wants to go to that ordinary position.Therefore, the example of Wang Anshi is worth learning from.In the first three years of his grinding, he showed the outside world his talent for writing books and biographies, which added luster to his career promotion.People who can publish books in a unit or a system will inevitably attract everyone's attention. If you don't know which leader is in the right place, you will be transferred to your side as a secretary.After the leader has been transferred, not to mention straightening you up, at least you will be promoted to wait on him.

Zeng Gongliang and Wang Anshi have both similarities and differences.Zeng Gongliang has achieved remarkable achievements, but the fire in the backyard delayed his bright future, so it is important to have political achievements, and more important than this is to maintain the safety and purity of political achievements.In contrast, Wang Anshi's political achievements have improved to a higher level, and because he has quite profound attainments in literature, it is the combination of political achievements and literary talents that has achieved good official results.Political achievements are the only way for all new scholars. They want to accumulate capital through political achievements and win a bright future.When there is no opportunity to make political achievements and no literary talents to display, or the political achievements are relatively mediocre, how to attract the attention and attention of the above?The examples of Bao Zheng and Sima Guang are worth mentioning.

Bao Zheng, courtesy name Xiren, was born in Luzhou, East Huainan Road (now Hefei City, Anhui Province).There is no record of Bao Zheng's appearance as "black as charcoal" in the literature. It may be because he has played a black-faced political image for a long time, which greatly changed the image of opera.Bao Zheng passed the Jinshi examination in the fifth year of Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty (1027). In the same year, there were many famous figures such as Han Qi, Wen Yanbo, Zhao Gai, Wu Kui, Chen Xu and so on.Bao Zheng was twenty-eight years old at the time, not too young according to his age.But Bao Zheng did something that surprised everyone. He stopped working without pay and stayed at home to support his parents. His filial piety was in line with the moral principles advocated by the official Song Dynasty and Confucianism.A few years later, both parents died and the mourning was over. Bao Zheng reluctantly became an official under the persuasion of his father and villagers.Most of the Jinshi who were in the same year as Bao Zheng were doing well at this time, and Bao Zheng became a county magistrate, but this did not affect his official career, on the contrary, he was promoted very quickly.

During his tenure, Bao Zheng enforced the law impartially, and he was keenly aware of the details. The folklore "case of guillotine beauty", "civet cat for prince", and "black basin case" never happened. They were purely novelists' words. Case" example.When Bao Zheng learned about the Tianchang County incident, some people complained that the tongues of their farm cattle were cut off by criminal suspects.Although the cattle in the Song Dynasty were privately bred, they belonged to the state property. No one was allowed to slaughter them without the order of the yamen, because the cattle were equivalent to large-scale machinery on the farm, which was used to increase productivity. Year and a half" ("Song Xingtong").

Bao Zheng said, this matter is easy to handle, kill it, sell it!The owner of the cattle was astonished, so he had to kill the cattle.At this time, a citizen saw this and came to sue the owner of the cattle for slaughtering the cattle without permission.Bao Zheng said, why did you cut off the tongue of the ox and sue others for slaughtering the cattle?The thief was dumbfounded for a moment, and only then did he realize that this was a trick played by Mr. Bao.This is the only column, there is no other case to describe. Bao Zheng made his debut at the age of 36, and set up an image of a moral model for everyone. This is his brilliance, and he is dedicated to his duties in practical work, which once again adds a lot to his image.After the rank was full, Bao Zheng knew Duanzhou, Guangnan East Road (now Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province), and was promoted from the county level to the district level.The quality of inkstones in this place is very good. Huzhou pens, Huizhou inks, Xuanzhou paper, and Duanzhou inkstones are the four treasures of the study after the Song Dynasty.Duanzhou inkstone is a tribute item. In the past, the previous chiefs usually added more than the amount of tribute to the court, and used it to bribe Beijing officials.After Bao Zheng took office, he changed his bad habits and managed well. "Song History" records that "you don't return with an inkstone at the age of one."Duanzhou was full of ranks, and Bao Zheng was directly transferred to the capital to serve as the supervisory censor. It must be said that his moral image played a role.It took only six years for Bao Zheng to be transferred to the capital, which was in stark contrast to Zeng Gongliang who had been wandering abroad for 24 or 5 years.Once again, it proves that the importance of the moral image of officials in a society governed by morality completely influences promotion and demotion, which is consistent from ancient to modern.

Bao Zheng consciously or unintentionally built his own moral image. Compared with Sima Guang, he started late. Sima Guang was a moral model since he was a child, and he has always influenced his entire official career.Sima Guang, courtesy name Junshi, was born in Xiaxian County, Shanzhou (now Xiaxian County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province), Yongxingjun Road, and was a descendant of Sima Fu, the king of Xianping, an imperial family of the Western Jin Dynasty.Sima Guang was young and mature, and he looked like an adult at the age of seven. He was very interested in history such as "Zuoshi Chunqiu", and liked to listen to storytelling (story books). Good study habits that don't release books.Sima Guang is very famous in the eyes of the Chinese people, because the story of him smashing tanks is well known to women and children.At that time, this story was spread in the Bianliang and Luoyang areas. Someone specially painted this witty and courageous story as "The Picture of a Child Hitting the Urn" and it was widely circulated, making Sima Guang an eternal child prodigy.Sima Guang smashing the vat, Kong Rong Rangli, Cao Chong Chengxiang, etc. were included in the Chinese children's enlightenment textbooks and became eternal classics. Sima Guang was admitted to Jiake in the first year of Song Renzong's Baoyuan (1038). "Song History" records that Sima Guang "does not like luxury". He does not drink or wear flowers at the Royal Qionglin Banquet, which is very unique.The Jinshi sitting next to him reminded him that "the king's gift cannot be violated", so Sima Guang reluctantly put on a flower.After entering the official career, Sima Guangchu maintained and carried forward his moral image for small employees such as Fengli Lang and Dali Judge.When living in mourning, he "had been in mourning for many years, ruined like a ritual", and was appreciated by Pang Ji, the deputy envoy of the imperial court at that time, and recommended him to work in the pavilion and collate the pavilion.Sima Guang is similar to Wang Anshi, in terms of talent, he writes books and advises.Sima Guang is especially able to say that every time he makes a suggestion to the emperor and quotes the scriptures, it is often the effect of "shangyue". At that time, Xia Song passed away, and the imperial court bestowed the posthumous title "Wenzheng", which was the highest rank among posthumous titles.Xia Song's political ability is average, and his character is quite bad. He used to preside over military affairs on the Northwest Front. Drinking flower wine in the barracks was his main job. Other defense work was handed over to his subordinates Han Qi, Fan Zhongyan, Wang Yan and others.During Song Renzong's reign, the "Zhang Yuan's rebellion against the Song Dynasty" incident was the main fuse of the war between Song and Xia. Zhang Yuan was originally an examinee in the Song Dynasty. He was named the National Teacher of Xixia, and his lifelong ambition was to destroy the Song Dynasty.Under Zhang Yuan's instigation, three large-scale wars broke out between Song and Xia. The worst one was the Battle of Haoshuichuan, in which the Song army suffered more than 100,000 casualties.During the battle of Dingchuanzhai, Zhang Yuan left a poem on the border between the two countries: "Where did Xia Song rise, Han Qi is not surprising. Manchuan is full of dragons and tigers, still talking about military aircraft." ("Qingbo Magazine" ) translated to mean that the leaders of the Yongxing Army on the front line, Xia Song, where are you sensational?Han Qi, what's so strange about you?The scholar-bureaucrats of the Song court are just a bunch of sycophants who drive big carts and talk about military affairs. Can you do it?In view of the fact that Xia Song had presided over military affairs in the northwest to defend against Xixia, and had profound literary attainments, the imperial court bestowed the posthumous title of "Wenzheng".Sima Guang jumped out and strongly objected. He said that this posthumous title should be the most beautiful one. Who can Xia Song deserve?Under Sima Guang's opposition and questioning, the imperial court reconsidered Xia Song's posthumous title and changed it to "Wenzhuang".Because of this suggestion, Sima Guang was promoted to be a professor of Jixian Academy. Pang Ji took Sima Guang away when he sentenced Taiyuan Mansion. Taiyuan Mansion was called Bingzhou at that time. It was located in the northwest border and confronted Xixia.Pang Ji sent Sima Guang to inspect. After the on-the-spot inspection, Sima Guang made a suggestion that he should recruit people to cultivate it, supply the army rations, and reduce the cost of transporting military rations from Hedong.Pang Ji followed his strategy, and the social effect was obvious.Later, Guo En, a general under Pang Ji's command, led his troops across the river at night to attack the enemy privately. As a result, the entire army was wiped out.Prosperity turned into despair, but Sima Guang miraculously turned despair into prosperity in front of the reality. Sima Guang did not leave Pang Ji because of his dismissal, but recognized his god-in-law, "worship his wife like a mother, and caress his son like a brother-in-law." From this relationship, Pang Ji is also his godfather.Acknowledging relatives is one of the ways to maintain interpersonal relationships. In fact, there is no need for officials in the field. Sima Guang's brilliance lies in this. He has received a good social evaluation of "the wise man of the time".For the Pang Ji incident, Sima Guang wrote three memorials to the imperial court to take the blame and resigned. The imperial court refused to approve his resignation, but instead called him into the capital to promote officials for Kaifeng Mansion. Zeng Gongliang, Wang Anshi, Bao Zheng, and Sima Guang each created their own images in the early years of their new official career.Analyzing the careers of the four in their early years, it can be seen that Xinke Jinshi builds his own image in three aspects: political achievement, morality, and literary talent.What is shown to the outside world is either an image of political achievements, or a moral image, or political achievements plus literary talent, or morality plus political achievements.Any one of the three major aspects for officials to build their own image, as long as they are done well, can add points and value to their career promotion.It varies from person to person, each has its own strengths, and we cannot expect all officials to be as vivid as the four of them.The five fingers stick out even if they are not aligned, let alone people of all colors.Unable to establish an image in the general direction, and the strengths that are occasionally revealed have become "one trick".