Chapter 67 Win the future peaceful development with overall strategic guidance

Whether the strategic guidance is correct or not is related to the rise and fall of the country and the nation.As far as China is concerned, we must abandon the "Cold War mentality" for the sake of China's peaceful development, but we cannot give up our positive awareness of active competition, fighting spirit and fighting strategies.With the deepening of globalization, the complex and changeable international environment, and the increasingly fierce competition in comprehensive national strength, there will be more unstable and uncertain factors affecting my country's rise, strategic guidance will become more complicated, and the struggle for strategic initiative will become more difficult. Strategic guidance puts forward higher requirements.The core of strategic guidance is the struggle for the initiative.For this reason, in terms of strategic guidance, it is necessary to accurately grasp the general trend of the world, and accurately judge "who is threatening whom", who is being threatened, and where the country's threat comes from.Promptly put forward effective countermeasures to the threats faced by the country, so that the country is in a favorable position for competition.For this, I think there are the following aspects:

1. Philosophical thinking guided by overall strategy. The first is the thinking of competition, the thinking of struggle.Peace is not a cheap commodity, and maintaining peace is not an easy task.From the perspective of materialist dialectics, the entire history of peace is the history of struggles to achieve and maintain peace.So far, I don't think "peace, harmony" is about canceling struggle.Because advocating "peace" is precisely because of the phenomenon of "disharmony", and advocating "harmony" is precisely because of the phenomenon of "disharmony", so we put forward the concept of pursuing peace and advocating harmony. "Peace and harmony" does not mean "peace and harmony" without struggle. Contradictions exist in everything, and conflicts lead to struggles.In development there is cooperation as well as competition, in peace there is friendship and struggle, and only through struggle can compromise and reconciliation be achieved.

Mao Zedong once said in "Reading the Course of Dialectical Materialism": Stalemate, peace, and harmony are relative, while division, struggle, and conflict are absolute.Failure to understand this is metaphysics and mechanism, which in fact reject dialectics.Of course, according to the dialectical thinking method of Marxism, contradictions with different qualities can only be resolved with different methods.When a contradiction is in a state of non-confrontation and has not risen to a state of confrontation, only peaceful means can be used to resolve contradictions, and non-peaceful means cannot be used to resolve contradictions.However, the use of peaceful means to resolve conflicts and achieve a new unity is ultimately inseparable from reconciliation, compromise, and reconciliation, but such compromises are mutual compromises based on corresponding struggles, not unilateral and unprincipled compromises.Any country and any people must fight against those who violate their own interests.If you give up the struggle, you will be slaughtered by others, and your future will be disastrous.Struggle is the way to victory.Therefore, in many cases, "peace and harmony" are achieved or maintained through struggle.For example, after the founding of New China, Mao Zedong and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation persisted in their spirit of struggle, their boldness of being a big country without being restrained by others, and their diplomatic strategies and courage in seizing opportunities, daring to open up, and maneuvering.From the "one-sided" and "one-line" foreign policy to "a large area" and "three worlds theory", all of them embody the scientific analysis and control ability of Mao Zedong and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation on the international situation, which shows that he led the The fighting spirit of New China to break through the blockade and shackles.In particular, when Mao Zedong permeated the international strategy with the anti-hegemony spirit of defying power, he never gave up using all possible opportunities to resolve the conflicts between China, the United States, and the Soviet Union on the basis of fairness, reasonableness, and mutual respect for sovereignty. normalization of the relationship.With the changes in the world situation, the time for reconciliation between China and the United States has come. In his later years, Mao Zedong used the great talent of a strategist to assess the situation and seize the opportunity to realize the normalization of Sino-US relations. This is the last one left in his career. The monument embodies the courage and strategy of the superb "a good fighter, who is good to others but not to others".In the 1970s, when U.S. President Nixon walked on the red carpet in China from across the ocean, and when the delegation of the People’s Republic of China swaggered onto the rostrum of the United Nations, it marked the victory of Mao Zedong’s anti-hegemony strategy.

The second is the thinking of "fighting for peace, seeking to achieve victory without fighting and victory through peace".This is because the most fundamental interest of a country is survival and development, and the most basic condition for survival and development is to "strive for peace", that is, to strive for a relatively long period of peace.Without a relatively long period of peace, survival and development will all be blown.The "seeking to achieve victory without fighting" mentioned here refers to achieving victory without military violence, but it does not mean absolutely not fighting, but includes political, economic, cultural, and diplomatic "war" , Under certain conditions, it also includes military "war", which under certain conditions refers to the use of non-military and non-violent military means to prevent the occurrence and development of violent wars to the greatest extent. "Peaceful victory" is to use political, economic, cultural, diplomatic, military and non-violent peaceful means to achieve victory.Because victory by violence cannot be a victory in the complete sense. Victory in the true sense is victory without a fight and victory through peace.

Again, it is the thinking of "surrender without fighting".In the past, the strategy was only for the military. With the advent of the era of informationization and globalization, the emergence and establishment of new international political structures and new values, the strategy is not limited to the military field, and its extension has expanded to the national All aspects of politics, economy, culture and diplomacy.Seeking peace and development of the country is more important than how to win wars.Sun Tzu's "subdue the enemy without fighting" appears to be more attractive today and in the future, and it is exactly what a peaceful rise needs.Under such circumstances, it is of great significance to advocate the inheritance and innovation of Sun Tzu's war rational thinking of "subduing the enemy without fighting".War is cruel, and both warring parties have to pay a high price for it.Needless to say, the loss of the losing party will not only kill and injure a large number of soldiers and civilians, but also cause the country's infrastructure to be destroyed and the national economy to collapse; lost heavily.In today's world, countries are increasingly connected and their common interests are more prominent.Destroying the opponent will often cause damage to one's own side.Therefore, Sun Tzu's war rationality of "surrendering the enemy without fighting" is particularly important today, especially in the practice of China's peaceful rise and development. To provide a way of thinking guarantee for our peaceful development.So far, we have to examine Sun Tzu’s military philosophy under specific historical conditions, and firmly grasp the characteristics of the current era, that is, globalization based on informatization has already connected all countries in the world into a whole. Peace and development have become the strong desire of the people of all countries in the world. A destructive war will not only seriously damage the interests of the other party, but also seriously damage their own interests, and will seriously damage the interests of all countries in the world.Therefore, we must make good use of the military philosophy of "surrender without fighting".I think it should be grasped from the following aspects: First, focus on non-military means to resolve disputes, change the "war" of military struggles into "less wars" or "no wars", and then change the "non-wars" of military struggles into non-war The "war" of military struggle, only in this way can realize what Sun Tzu referred to as "subduing the enemy without fighting".This idea actually enriches and perfects Sun Tzu's military philosophy thought with the Marxist dialectical thinking method.The second is to expand Sun Tzu's excellent military ideological heritage of "subduing the enemy without fighting" to the fields of politics, economy, culture, diplomacy, etc., beyond the military field, beyond national boundaries, and beyond the times, which is the continuation and development of Sun Tzu's war rationality.The third is to use Sun Tzu's military philosophy of "subduing the enemy without fighting" to prevent human beings from losing their rationality and strategic wisdom, avoid alienating the power that creates civilization into the power that destroys civilization, and choose wisely to seek a way that does not transform into The way of thinking and policy orientation of armed confrontation is the starting point and destination of inheriting Sun Tzu's military cultural heritage of "surrender without fighting".Only such a wise choice, such a confrontational way of thinking and policy orientation that will not be alienated into force can make China's peaceful development process avoid hot war to the greatest extent.This not only reflects the best policy of strategic guidance, but also the common aspiration of mankind, and it also reflects the progressive humanitarian and civilized thinking.When countries and nations resolve disputes, they do not resort to force, but use non-violent peace and dialogue to compete. Seeking a solution will save all parties from losses and avoid enmity.The country and the people will have a peaceful and peaceful environment, and they will be able to concentrate on developing science and technology and the national economy, so that the people will gain greater benefits.

2. Use the overall strategic thinking to grasp, maintain and extend the period of strategic opportunities. Grasping, maintaining and prolonging the period of strategic opportunities is an important content of the scientific outlook on development.The philosophical basis for grasping, maintaining and extending the period of strategic opportunities with the scientific development concept is comprehensiveness and integrity of strategic thinking.In the new stage of the new century, we are facing unprecedented development opportunities and unprecedented challenges. How to extend the period of opportunity?How to turn challenges into opportunities?It requires the overall operation of politics, economy, diplomacy, culture, and military affairs.In the struggle for national survival and development, any major power has five cards: economics, politics, diplomacy, culture, and military.Of course, the strength of each party's card control is different.In this regard, overall coordination and comprehensive planning are required.In my opinion, the establishment of "political peace and rejuvenation of the country as the course, economic revitalization as the basis, cultural integration as the attraction, diplomatic ties as the bond, and limited military means as the auxiliary" is the key to our country's maintenance and extension. Only in this way can we provide a strong guarantee for peaceful development.Because there are uncertainties in the opportunities and challenges of globalization, it is determined that the grasp and utilization of the strategic opportunity period is uncertain, and the overall competition in the fields of politics, economy, culture, diplomacy, and military is also uncertain.The uncertainty of this kind of overall competition is to make the opponent confused about whether to make a move or not to make a move, when to make a move, in what field, in what direction and how to make a move.In short, the use of uncertainty in the period of strategic opportunity is to use the overall action to carry out pre-deployment and pre-preset to adhere to the strategic bottom line and maintain flexibility, and to grasp the room for maneuver. Only in this way can the stable opportunity period and the random opportunity Hold it firmly in your hand.Of course, we should not be tied down by the period of strategic opportunities, passive defense, passive coping, but we should maintain the period of strategic opportunities with a positive attitude and positive actions of the overall strategy, grasp the period of strategic opportunities and make use of the period of strategic opportunities.When faced with major challenges, we must act when it is time to act, and take proactive actions, including economic and diplomatic actions, as well as military deterrent actions, to break the threats and troubles of the period of strategic opportunity.

3. Grasp the predictability of national strategic guidance with overall strategic thinking. Strategy must be forward-looking, that is, predictable.So far, strategic decision-making must carry out forecast and advanced research on the overall future development trend.In strategic foresight, it is important to emphasize seeing the big picture.This is based on the strategic judgment made on all aspects of the situation, which includes the prediction of the development trend or outcome of things.In terms of the predictability of strategic guidance, the relationship between leadership and foresight must be particularly emphasized. Without foresight, there will be no leadership, and without leadership, there will be no victory.Therefore, it can be said that there is nothing without foresight and leadership. During the War of Liberation in 1949, Mao Zedong ordered the People's Liberation Army to stop attacking Hong Kong on the banks of the Shenzhen River, leaving China with a channel to the world.This can be called a classic work of strategic guidance predictability.

National strategic guidance should pay attention to effectiveness, but national competition itself is persistent.In order for China to rise in a long-term stable peaceful environment, it is necessary to enhance the predictability of national strategic guidance. In the era of globalization and informationization, the international situation is even more unpredictable, and the competition among countries is ever-changing. Political, economic, cultural, diplomatic, military and other factors interact with each other. It is necessary to grasp the foresight of the national strategic guidance with an overall strategic thinking nature, requires that strategic guidance must foresee possible situations to adjust realistic actions, in order to strive for the initiative in the contention and competition.

4. Coordinate the use of various means, forces and resources with overall strategic thinking. In order to effectively safeguard and realize national interests, the vision of strategic guidance should be broader, the scope of strategic choices should be larger, and the means available should be more. At the end of 2005, the Russian Academy of Military Sciences announced the basic conclusion drawn after five years of research: making full use of non-military and military means, and using them in a reasonable combination, is one of the more economical and effective ways to ensure national security.To this end, six specific measures are proposed: First, on the basis of an in-depth analysis of the potential threats to Russia's national interests, carefully plan and make concerted efforts in the fields of politics, diplomacy, economy, information, technology, and psychology .Second, under the unified leadership of the Security Council and the federal government, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations, intelligence and counterintelligence agencies, the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of the Interior, and the Federal Security Service plan to take consistent actions and actions in response to non-military security. measure.Third, the main work of the secretaries and organs of the Security Council should focus on coordinating the activities of various departments to ensure national security through non-military means.Fourth, in order to enhance the role of the government in solving the most important national defense issues, the Minister of Defense should also serve as the Deputy Prime Minister of the government.Fifth, in order to use non-military means to defend national interests, it is necessary to train cadres with a wide range of specialties. For this purpose, a special department should be established in the Military Academy of the General Staff or the National Public Service Academy. related learning.Sixth, it is necessary to set up a special management agency in the President's Office or government agencies. Its task is to coordinate information activities at the national level, including not only ensuring spiritual safety, establishing national ideology, and establishing a good external image of Russia, but also including Respond to the color revolution.Russia's research results in this area are worthy of our reference.Self-improvement is the spiritual motivation of the Chinese nation. China has always responded to the world by changing itself.The fate of China's future survival and development can only be determined by China itself.A very important aspect of this depends on the planning and application of the overall strategy.In the future, the contest with great powers will not only be a contest of military power, but also a comprehensive contest of various forces such as politics, economy, diplomacy, and culture.Therefore, it is necessary to adapt to changes in the opponent, and adhere to the strategic guiding principle of "you fight yours, I fight mine" to adapt to changes, adapt to changes in mechanism, catch them unprepared, and catch them by surprise; adhere to the superb strategy of "reasonable, beneficial, disciplined, and lawful" In the art of guidance, fighting is justified, fighting is beneficial, and fighting is not broken.It is to adhere to the comprehensive use of political, economic, diplomatic, cultural and military means, strength, and resources, and to achieve the strategic goal of national rise and great rejuvenation through the close cooperation of various means and the rational use of various forces and resources.

5. Forging the courage and ability of the national strategic leadership. In national strategy, the courage and decision-making ability of the strategic leadership directly affect the effect of psychological deterrence.The strategic confrontation between countries is not only a confrontation in action, but also a confrontation of superb guidance art between their strategic decision-making groups and think tanks-staff organizations.The strategic guidance layer is the maker and executor of the national strategy, and its guiding ability is related to the rise and fall of the country, and maintains the destiny of the country and the nation.After a country has considerable comprehensive strength, the deterrent effect of a resolute, resourceful, decisive, credible, and courageous strategic leadership will be profound and lasting, and its every move, every word and deed can release The powerful deterrent energy puts invisible pressure on the opponent.The advent of the age of globalization, informationization, and asymmetry not only means another comprehensive development of human thinking, but also means that the competition among countries and nations in terms of survival wisdom will become more intense.China is at the beginning of the new century, and we are facing a more severe, broader and more challenging future.The world is moving forward. If China wants to develop and rise, it must have a rational understanding of development and rise. At the same time, it is very important to forge the ability and courage of the national strategic leadership to make strategic decisions.Proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation, such as Mao Zedong, paid attention to the discipline of advance and retreat in terms of strategic judgment, strategy formulation, operation and grasp, etc. "Ashes and smoke disappear between talking and laughing", full of magical and romantic colors, and performed many thrilling and magnificent live dramas.In the competition among countries in the future, it can be said that the situation is changing rapidly, and fighters are fleeting. It requires the country's strategic leadership to respond quickly, respond in real time, operate efficiently, and be decisive. This is a major manifestation of the strategic guidance ability of the strategic leadership.In order to achieve such an efficient strategic guidance ability, special attention should be paid to studying and mastering the strategies and attempts of the opponent, and adopting strategies and tactics that can maximize the benefits of one's own side to achieve one's own strategic goals.In fact, any new use of competitive means cannot be a copy of previous strategic practice activities. Without continuous innovation guided by strategy, it is impossible to achieve success and victory.Strategic guidance itself is a very creative activity, and creativity is the soul of strategic guidance.

6. Establish a strong overall strategic coordination mechanism. The threat to national security in the era of globalization is challenged by the overall threat, especially the national strategy is always faced with various crises, which are characterized by suddenness, urgency, threat, and uncertainty.Regardless of the usual strategic guidance or crisis management in emergencies, a strong strategic coordination mechanism is required.The establishment of this strategic coordination mechanism is crucial for us to resolve various threats, manage and control various crises, and ensure that China follows the path of peaceful development.As far as our country is concerned, in order to meet the needs of the country to compete for the overall competition, it is urgent to establish a strategic coordination mechanism that can coordinate and guide the response to threats to the overall national security. The so-called strategic coordination mechanism is the general term for the organizational structure, operation mode and related policies, regulations and systems established by the state to ensure the overall security state.Under my country's current system, it is urgent to establish a permanent institution at the national strategic level that can coordinate the overall forces of politics, economy, culture, diplomacy, and military.Such as the National Security Council of the United States, the Federal Security Council of Russia, the Imperial Defense Committee of the United Kingdom, and the General Security Committee of the Cabinet of Japan.The author believes that the main functions of this permanent body are: first, to carry out long-term security strategic planning in terms of politics, economy, culture, diplomacy, military affairs, social environment, scientific and technological information, etc.; The third is to formulate and improve strategic action plans to deal with various security threats in politics, economy, culture, diplomacy, military affairs, social environment, and scientific and technological information; the fourth is to coordinate the use of various non-governmental Military means and military means to maintain national security and deal with emergencies; the fifth is to formulate policies and regulations related to national security.It should be pointed out that each country has its own history, culture and political structure, and the strategic leadership system of other countries cannot be copied. Historical experience has repeatedly proved that in wars, if one pursues victory recklessly without considering the consequences, even if a temporary victory is won, the peace established afterwards will be extremely unstable, and may even sow the seeds of a new war.The more savage and cruel the means used in war, the stronger the enemy's desire for revenge and the stronger the will to resist.Almost all powerful countries in history that hoped to conquer other countries by war failed in the end.Such cases are not uncommon.Spain, Portugal, France, Japan, Germany all tried and failed.America's involvement in the Iraq war today is another example.What mankind needs is peace, not war. What the country seeks for in its grand strategy is not victory in war, but lasting peace.Great powers are vying for the top, and heroes are vying for the throne. Looking at the world, Chinese civilization has gone through 5,000 years without interruption.The secret of this successful strategy is the great humanistic spirit of Chinese Confucianism "peace is the most precious" and the Chinese military science "a warlike one will perish, forgetting to fight will be in danger, knowing that soldiers are not belligerent, and fighting will surely win" and "surrender without fighting" The philosophy of war rationality of "Soldier of War".This is a kind of grand strategic thinking with a lofty realm accumulated by the Chinese nation in the five thousand years of civilization.In the future, if China wants to firmly follow the path of peaceful development, it needs to inherit and innovate this kind of grand strategic thinking, and use the overall strategic thinking method and actions to actively win the country's active position in the competition.