Chapter 48 It is imperative to rebuild the core value system

Comrade Jin Tao also mentioned the core value system in his June 25 speech.He said: "We must vigorously build the socialist core value system and consolidate the common ideological foundation for the unity and struggle of the entire party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country." Regarding the socialist core value system, there are two points that must be clarified.First, the socialist core value system is the essential embodiment of socialist ideology.We must consolidate the guiding position of Marxism, unswervingly use the latest achievements in the Sinicization of Marxism to arm the entire party and educate the people, use the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics to gather strength, and use the national spirit with patriotism at its core and reform and innovation at its core. The spirit of the times inspires fighting spirit, guides the fashion with the socialist concept of honor and disgrace, and consolidates the common ideological basis for the united struggle of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country.Second, due to the adoption of the market economy system, Chinese people have been learning core values ​​such as competition consciousness, individual self-reliance and self-improvement consciousness, and rule of law consciousness in Western culture. In combination, the values ​​of "harmony" and "benevolence and righteousness" in Chinese culture are used to adjust the extreme individualism in Western culture.This coordinates the contradictions between the individual and the collective, freedom and responsibility, interests and morality, and seeks a better balance.During this process, the values ​​of Chinese culture, such as emphasizing the status and role of the individual in groups and society, emphasizing the social obligations and responsibilities undertaken by individuals, emphasizing the restraining role of morality, etc., have also been modernized and promoted.Negative aspects such as traditional Chinese culture obliterating individuality, overemphasizing responsibility and ignoring corresponding rights, and using feudal morality to stifle people's interests have been sublated.Although it cannot be said that the task of China's cultural modernization has been completed, it should be admitted that the path we have chosen is correct and we have achieved considerable results.I believe that under the new conditions, we will definitely have a conscious and active cultural construction. With such a thing, we can give the world more things and give the wisdom of contemporary Chinese culture.

The problem now is the lack of humanistic spirit.The lack of humanism has seriously affected our mental state. Yes.We are facing a double transition, sometimes a little anomie, and we haven't made a good adjustment, especially the cultural rupture caused by the "Cultural Revolution". There are many problems that have not been overcome, and the impact of the market economy has caused many people to lose their culture. The pursuit of pure material interests. Some people intentionally or unintentionally spread an argument, as if the values ​​advocated by China do not have to be consistent internally and externally, nor can they be consistent internally and externally.What is your opinion?Do you think such an argument is specious and absurd?

The values ​​advocated by China should be consistent internally and externally.China has no specific foreign values.If the citizens do not agree with the values, the national government will not be able to implement it in its foreign strategy, nor will it be able to give the outside world a unified image.Of course, the Chinese Communist Party's value requirements for party members are different from the affirmation of the people.According to the complex situation formed by history, China should consider the following principles in the promotion of values.First of all, we must learn and absorb the essence of Western cultural values.Democracy, freedom, human rights and other values ​​are the achievements of human civilization, and all countries in the world can learn and share, but we should not think that there is only one model, let alone impose it on others.Today's international system was originally built on Western cultural concepts and systems, and after World War II it also absorbed some cultural concepts from developing countries.Nation-state, sovereign equality, mutual non-aggression, international law, the United Nations, these have become the consensus accepted by the international community.China has not been integrated into the world system for a long time. To improve its image, it is necessary to combine Chinese values ​​with values ​​recognized by the world. It is very necessary to continuously learn and absorb the essence of Western cultural values.

Secondly, it is necessary to absorb the essence of Chinese traditional culture, but it must first be refined by modernization before it can be disseminated worldwide.As pointed out by Professor Heinrich Beck from Germany, various cultures in the modern world have gone beyond their geographical borders, and European culture has gained a "world-dominant" position from it, profoundly changing other cultural traditions (such as in East Asia).Today's human beings generally show the limitations and shortcomings of European culture, so it is necessary to use other cultural traditions to perfect human values.The Chinese cultural tradition is extensive and profound, and should make greater contributions to the world.In recent years, many Chinese scholars have introduced traditional values ​​such as "harmony between man and nature", "benevolence", "loyalty and forgiveness", and "harmony" to overseas, but the effect is not obvious.The reason is that a simple introduction can only arouse the interest of a few experts at best, and only through modernization and refinement can cultural values ​​be connected with the lives of the people and the behavior of the government and truly have an international impact.A simple introduction can sometimes mislead the outside world.If "harmony between man and nature" is described as "sustainable development", it is impossible to explain why China's ecological environment has been so severely damaged.The main reason why Western values ​​can spread to the world is that it took the lead in completing the process of modernization in the world, and then consciously carried out global promotion. This experience is worth remembering.

Finally, inherit and develop the cultural values ​​of the People's Republic of China, combine the characteristics of the times with Chinese characteristics, innovate on the basis of continuation, and continue through innovation.Not long after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it jointly proposed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence with India and Myanmar, which later developed into the Ten Principles of the Bandung Conference, demonstrating the charm of oriental cultural values.Deng Xiaoping put forward peace and development as the theme of the times, opening the floodgates of ideological emancipation.Recently, academic circles are discussing China's peaceful rise and exploring the development prospects in the next 20 or even 50 years.These are the inheritance and innovation of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

In short, no matter from the promotion of the Chinese government or the recognition of the public, dozens of values ​​of Chinese culture can be listed as the value basis of China's foreign strategy.At present, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on this, establish a system of values, and write them on the banner of foreign strategy. On the banner of China's foreign strategy, in your opinion, which values ​​can be written on it? The first thing that can be written is "Peace".Peace is the guarantee of development.Without peace, there can be no development.Peace is not only the condition for all positive creations, but also the goal that human beings yearn for.It includes stability, security, sovereignty, equality, understanding, trust, etc.Force may sometimes have to be used in order to preserve the peace, but it must be a last resort.The use of force must be reasonable and legal, and must be recognized by the international community as much as possible.

The second thing that can be written is "development".Development includes a dialectical attitude towards globalization and an affirmation of a market economy.The scientific outlook on development should be accepted.Development must be comprehensive social progress, including political democracy and the rule of law, and social autonomy and self-government.Development also implies interdependence among countries. The third thing that can be written is "cooperation".Cooperation comes from harmonious coexistence, mutual help and mutual benefit, and involves all fields of politics, economy, security, society and culture.Even in the most sensitive security fields, people have begun to abandon the Cold War mentality and discuss and practice security cooperation.There must be competition in the real world, but it should be led to a healthy and active competition, and the result should be win-win, multi-win, and win-win.

The fourth thing that can be written is "fairness".Justice is the embodiment of human conscience and conscience.The existing international system is more just than before, but there are still many unfair and unreasonable aspects. Advocating justice can call on all countries to work together to correct all kinds of discrimination and double standards and protect vulnerable groups.Justice also means the guarantee of law and system. The fifth thing that can be written is "democracy" and "human rights".Human rights are not a monopoly of the West, but a requirement of all.China has written "the state respects and protects human rights" into its constitution and has joined international human rights treaties, which is of far-reaching significance.It is completely consistent with China's declaration of "conforming to the development trend of the times and safeguarding the common interests of all mankind".China is also constantly expanding democracy, building and improving socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics.

The sixth thing that can be written is "harmony".This is the long-term goal of the development of human society, which we can discuss in detail below. Will the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress ratify China's eight-year-old International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights before the Beijing Olympics? The main reason why China has not ratified the ICCPR to formally enter into force is that the ICCPR mainly focuses on the limitation of government power.There is still a gap between the relevant domestic human rights protection legislation and international standards, and premature ratification will easily lead to a situation where international treaties and domestic legislation are not compatible.For example, political associations.The Chinese Constitution clearly stipulates that citizens have the freedom of association, but there is no specific law corresponding to this political right.We do not yet have an Associations Act.There is also the legal status of political associations, and the existing registration procedures and activity rules are not covered.And the death penalty.According to the spirit of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and common international practices, non-violent crimes are generally not punishable by death.There are 69 types of death penalty in China's Criminal Code, many of which involve non-violent crimes.If China ratifies this convention, China's criminal code will be greatly revised.

If China formally ratifies the "International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights" within the next year, will it make reservations or issue interpretative declarations for some provisions of this covenant? When signing or ratifying the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, many countries have made reservations or issued interpretative declarations in accordance with the sovereign rights of the contracting parties recognized in the International Treaty Law and the International Human Rights Law.While these "reservations" and "interpretive declarations" provide flexibility for relevant countries to ratify international human rights conventions, they weaken the binding force of the conventions and the effect of protecting human rights.According to relevant statistics, a total of 35 countries have made 158 reservations to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.Among them, when the United States acceded to this convention in 1992, it also added reservations and declarations, and did not accept the "Optional Protocol" of this convention, because the "Optional Protocol" allows individuals to violate the rights stipulated in the convention, File a complaint against the U.S. government with the United Nations Human Rights Committee.The U.S. government believes that its country and society based on the concept of individual freedom and democracy have set an example for mankind, and no foreigner or foreign institution is qualified to judge the human rights record of the United States.