Chapter 37 A harmonious society is "everyone has something to eat, everyone wants to talk"

On February 21, 2004, Wen Jiabao talked about the origin of the scientific concept of development at the closing ceremony of the special research class on "Establishing and Implementing the Scientific Concept of Development" for major leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels.He organically combined the "clear proposal" of the scientific outlook on development with the "important enlightenment in fighting SARS". The Scientific Outlook on Development was formally put forward after the fight against SARS. In 2003, my country's per capita GDP exceeded US$1,000 for the first time, and it will reach US$3,000 by 2020 based on the established deployment and the current exchange rate.This is a very critical stage in the entire modernization process, and it is also an important stage in which the economic and social structure will undergo profound changes.Existing international experience shows that at this stage, there may be two development results: one is to do well and enter the "golden development period" smoothly, the economy and society will continue to develop, and industrialization and modernization will be smoothly realized; The first is that if it is not done well, problems such as disparity between rich and poor, increasing unemployment, widening urban-rural and regional gaps, intensified social conflicts, and deterioration of the ecological environment often occur, leading to long-term stagnation in economic and social development, and even social unrest and regression. This is the so-called "Latin American phenomenon".The other is that while my country's economy has developed rapidly over the years, it has also accumulated many contradictions and problems, mainly the urban-rural gap, regional gap, and residents' income gap are widening, employment and social security pressures are increasing, education, health, housing, etc. The development of social services lags behind, the contradiction between population growth, economic development and ecological environment, and natural resources intensifies, the mode of economic growth lags behind, and the overall economic quality is not high and competitiveness is not strong.These issues must be given great attention and cannot be avoided, and must be resolved step by step and not allowed to develop.Therefore, the Party Central Committee with Hu Jintao as the general secretary inherited Deng Xiaoping's development thought, and further put forward the scientific development concept of people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, which profoundly reflects our party's new understanding of development issues and reflects today's world economic and political culture The new situation of development reflects the new requirements that my country's economic and social development has entered a critical period, and has formed a general consensus among the entire party and the people of the country, and has attracted widespread attention internationally.However, everything cannot go from one extreme to another, and one tendency cannot cover up the other.The first essence of the scientific outlook on development is development.It cannot be said that we have to develop a scientific outlook on development, we must establish a people-oriented outlook on development, we must develop comprehensively, coordinately, and sustainably, and we must draw a clear line from the development outlook that is material-oriented and money-oriented, and we must follow simple If we draw a clear line between economic growth and pure GDP worship, we will no longer need economic growth and GDP.Pure economic growth does not mean development, but without economic growth there is no development.Comprehensive development includes not only economic growth, including GDP, but also democratic politics, including education, quality of life, wealth distribution, and ecological environment.Only comprehensive development is not just an indicator of economic growth, a percentage of GDP.Only comprehensive development can reflect the people-oriented thought.Another problem is the coordination of society and economy.

"SARS" is very typical. The "SARS" epidemic is a big lesson.China's economic power is so great, but it turns out that social undertakings are seriously lagging behind, and that we are not paying enough attention to the simultaneous development of social undertakings while striving to develop the economy, that is, the provision of public services and public goods is not enough. Therefore, in our economic and social coordination, we must pay special attention to population, resources, and environmental issues, and solve the problem of the gap between the rich and the poor.Another thing is that the economy must develop, politics must develop, society must develop, culture must develop, and the ecology must also be improved.In this way, there are five civilizations, the first material civilization, the second spiritual civilization, the third political civilization, the fourth social civilization, and the fifth ecological civilization. One cannot be missing.

When it comes to the "Latin American phenomenon", I think we should first make it clear that such a politically dangerous transition period is not caused by the affluence itself, but by the process of people's pursuit of affluence.After so many years of reform and opening up, the interests of Chinese society have begun to diverge, and different interest groups have formed.These different interest groups have different demands.If we stand still, have a rigid system, reject public opinion, reject democracy, cannot accommodate the objective existence of multiple interests, and cannot make those different interests and voices be expressed in an institutionalized way, then social and political conflicts will be caused by those who are eager to assert themselves. Classes that benefit from their own interests but suffer from the lack of appropriate channels have taken a slant and decisively adopted ways outside the system to express their voices, which has become more frequent and more intense.

Achieving social harmony and building a better society have always been the social ideals pursued by human beings, and they are also the social ideals that Marxist parties, including the Communist Party of China, relentlessly pursue.Therefore, when Hu Jintao said at the seminar on the important thought of the "Three Represents" that "the important thought of the 'Three Represents' adheres to the unity of the party's highest program and minimum program", he warned the whole party in very clear language: "In In the primary stage of socialism in our country, the fundamental task of our party as the ruling party is to develop productive forces, and development is the top priority of our party in governing and rejuvenating the country. Development is centered on economic construction and coordinated with economics, politics and culture. Harmonious and sustainable development. The Chinese Communists must persist in taking the rejuvenation of the country as their own responsibility and the goal of enriching the people, and take a path of socialist development that suits China's national conditions. progress, a more prosperous culture, a more harmonious society, and a more prosperous life for the people, continuously promote the all-round development of people, and continue to advance towards the ultimate goal of the party.” The Central Committee believes that a harmonious socialist society is democracy, the rule of law, fairness and justice, integrity and friendship, full of A vibrant, stable and orderly society where man and nature live in harmony.Here, there is a problem of attaching great importance to resources and the ecological environment, and there is a problem of enhancing the ability of sustainable development.That is to say, it is necessary to consider both the needs of current development and the needs of future development; it is necessary to follow the laws of economy and the laws of nature; , to ensure sustainable development from generation to generation.

Human beings have a process of understanding the importance of resource conditions and the natural environment.From the perspective of the United Nations and from the perspective of the whole world, the issue of environmental protection was raised at the Stockholm Conference in June 1972, and the issue of saving the earth's ecosystem by all mankind was put on the agenda with the tone of "there is only one earth".Before then, looking at the traditional modernization roads of countries that have already or roughly industrialized, whether it is Europe, America, Russia, or Japan, they all relied on the high consumption of resources, especially non-renewable resources and high consumption of living materials to support and stimulate them. rapid economic growth.

The initial formation of China's industrialization system is also an extensive development, and not many environmental protection measures have been taken.But Zhou Enlai still instructed China to organize a delegation to participate in the first United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June 1972. In August 1973, the Chinese government held the first national environmental protection conference in Beijing, and put forward the principle of "comprehensive planning, rational layout, comprehensive utilization, turning harm into benefit, relying on the masses, everyone's hands, protecting the environment and benefiting the people". Environmental protection policy.

From December 31, 1983 to January 7, 1984, the Chinese government held the second national environmental protection conference in Beijing, clearly declaring that environmental protection, like population control, is a basic national policy of our country, making China's environmental protection cause Officially on track.This coincides with the "sustainable development" strategic thought that was increasingly called for internationally in the late 1980s.It is precisely because of this that when China participated in the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development with "sustainable development" as the keynote, it seemed confident and confident.Compared with other major countries and developing countries, China's views and attitudes towards environmental issues are extremely enlightened and positive.After the UNCED, China formulated the "China's 21st Century Agenda" with reference to the "21st Century Agenda".In September 1995, the Fifth Plenary Session of the Fourteenth Central Committee of our Party put forward the idea of ​​"renewing development ideas and realizing the transformation of economic growth mode from extensive to intensive". For the current development, we must also consider future generations, we must not eat the food of our ancestors, cut off the roads of our children and grandchildren, and follow the path of wasting resources and polluting first, then treating it later.”

In this regard, we are still relatively close. Yes, our party's third-generation collective leadership with Jiang Zemin at its core has made outstanding contributions to this issue and developed Deng Xiaoping Theory.Of course, the greater contribution of the party's third-generation collective leadership is to adhere to the reform direction of the socialist market economy and make new breakthroughs in some major aspects of the reform. This was embodied in the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China took the lead in proposing different forms of realization of public ownership.The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China raised the individual, private and other non-public economies to the level of our basic economic ownership. As an important part of the entire socialist market economy in China, it is no longer a supplement in the traditional sense. This contribution is very great .This contribution, coupled with the various forms of realization of public ownership, and the fact that the shareholding system is also a form of realization of public ownership, forms a situation in which public ownership is the main body and various economic components develop together. The 13 years of Zhengzheng has indeed become the fastest period of China's economic development.During this period, our economic development has always been in positive growth.It has no negative growth.Except for the initial governance and rectification, it is a rapid and steady development.Even in the face of the Asian financial crisis, my country's economic growth rate was above 7%, and it was above 9% and 10% in several years.

This has laid a good foundation for us to build a harmonious society. Yes, the harmonious development of politics, economy, culture, etc. is the basis for building a harmonious society.A harmonious society should be a civil society.It should be an open society, a diversified society, and a society where tolerance is the greatest.In this society, everyone should have a correct allocation of interests, and everyone can express their opinions and freely express their wishes and demands.In my words, a harmonious society means "everyone has something to eat and everyone wants to talk".You see, the word "和" with a suffix next to the word "he" means "everyone wants to eat" or "everyone has food to eat"?Look at the harmonious word "Xie" again, add a "Ji" next to the word, "Ji" means "Du", isn't this "everyone talks" and "everyone wants to talk"? A society where "everyone has food to eat and everyone wants to talk" is an ideal society.Such a society can best reflect the different interests of different people.As long as you are a member of this society, you can eat and speak with your mouth open.