Chapter 29 In the final analysis, it is to expand the middle-income class

Can we talk about "laid-off" along the lines of vulnerable groups?After all, it has become one of the factors of "social instability" and one of the variables that determine whether the reform of state-owned enterprises and other reforms can be promoted. Some people say: "Capitalism is honest, unemployment is unemployment, and the Communist Party has come up with a new term for 'laid-off'." We are wrong.Laid-off is a new term seeking truth from facts, and it is not the same as unemployment.The laid-off workers are still employees of the company, enjoying the laid-off wages of the original company and certain benefits and labor protection, such as housing, medical insurance, etc. Although some cannot be fulfilled, at least these rights are legally preserved.As for whether layoffs reflect the superiority of the socialist market economy and whether they should be maintained, I dare not say.But I think that the nature of general employment in the era of planned economy is "five people eat for three people" and eat "big pot rice".If we do the same now, there will be no problem with the 12 million to 13 million laid-off workers.But eating "big pot rice" will inevitably sacrifice efficiency, and the economy will not improve, and the result will be widespread poverty.In other words, universal employment comes at the cost of universal poverty.Therefore, from the perspective of the phenomenon, it is not good for 13 million people to be laid off, but from a historical perspective, it shows the successful transition from a planned economy to a market economy, and it shows that the survival of the fittest is taking shape in a market economy. improvement.Of course, we should also see the other side of the problem. The country must be committed to the fairness of market competition.To ensure fair competition by law.As long as there is indeed "elimination of the fittest" after competition, society will be efficient and stable, and there will be no major problems with 13 million.The most important thing is that there should never be some leaders who use their power for personal gain, use layoffs to exclude dissidents, or bureaucracy, with no intentions.If "Wałęsa" of the Polish Solidarity Union is laid off, it will have appeal and cause a big mess.Of course, this is by no means to say that laid-off workers should not be concerned.Laid-off workers are also vulnerable groups. I have already mentioned how to care for them.

I think the issue of polarization must also be viewed dialectically.In order to prevent polarization, Deng Xiaoping said a lot.He even once said to foreign guests that if we produce millionaires, our reform will fail.But when it was actually included in the anthology, this sentence was deleted, because in real life there are already millionaires and multi-millionaires. In fact, there is no essential contradiction between the two.He said not to be a millionaire, referring to capitalist exploitation to get rich, and China should prevent it.But it is impossible for workers to get rich at the same time. He said "let some people get rich first".Of course, this can also show that Deng Xiaoping has revised his views. As long as it is not exploitation, but getting rich through labor and law, isn’t the more millionaires the better?This is more complete and comprehensive.Of course, this is a big and complicated issue. First of all, it involves what is common prosperity. This cannot be explained clearly in a few words.As for when it will be achieved, it will not be short anyway, it is a historical period.Deng Xiaoping talked about several generations, more than a dozen generations, or even dozens of generations.He fully estimated the difficulty of solving this problem, which also shows that he is a model of seeking truth from facts and telling the truth.

At that time, some comrades who organized speeches wanted to circle out "dozens of generations", but he added "dozens of generations" in his own handwriting.At the same time, it also shows Deng Xiaoping's steadfastness as a great communist fighter, even "dozens of generations" must fight to the end. This passage was spoken in Southern Conversation.This is a very important point.The original words are: "We have only practiced socialism for a few decades, and it is still in its infancy. Consolidating and developing the socialist system still needs a long historical stage, and we need several generations, a dozen generations, or even dozens of The unremitting efforts of generations to come must not be taken lightly."

Therefore, it is still necessary to keep in mind that Comrade Jintao has repeatedly emphasized the need to review the "two musts" proposed by Chairman Mao at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee.We must turn the "two musts" into actions, and guard against arrogance and impetuosity.Don't be proud when the per capita GDP just exceeds 2,000 US dollars, and then your tail will go up to the sky.Differences between urban and rural areas, differences between workers and peasants, differences between mental and physical labor, differences between rich and poor, etc. All social conflicts want to be resolved immediately, and the mention of "all people" at every turn arouses the appetite of the whole people. , destroy social harmony.

Happiness Economics has a conclusion: When the per capita GDP is below 10,000 US dollars, people's happiness is directly proportional to the growth of material income.When it reaches more than 10,000 US dollars, people's sense of happiness changes.With cars and houses, people want to do good deeds.More good people want to do more good deeds, and their moral values ​​are different.Therefore, what we have to do now is to continue to promote reform and opening up, and rush towards a per capita GDP of more than US$10,000 in one go. So, do you think the realistic approach is to expand the middle income?

Yes, it is more realistic to expand the middle income.Don't expect that there will be no gap between the rich and the poor, and there will be no struggle without the gap between the rich and the poor.Because, without contradictions, there will be no social development and social progress, as long as the contradictions do not become antagonistic contradictions.A society without contradictions does not exist.Co-construction and sharing are necessary. Co-construction means "everyone does what they can" and sharing means "everyone gets what they get".Our task is to reduce the distance between each other as much as possible within the necessary range.But in the final analysis, expanding the middle-income class is our direction.We need to help the poor for farmers and have preferential policies for vulnerable groups, but we must go too far and not go to extremes.Marx and Engels regarded intellectuals as part of the proletariat from the very beginning, calling them the "intellectual proletariat".Later, the socialist revolution succeeded, and the proletariat gained the whole world, and it was no longer the proletariat, but the "working class" became more common.With the development of the socialist economy and society, the working class will receive higher and higher levels of education over time, and the working class will become intellectualized. They will eventually become the main body of the working class, accounting for 80% or even 90%. %of.We must see this in advance, attach great importance to this, attach importance to intellectuals, and attach importance to the middle-income class.All our decisions, whether it is education, finance, distribution or even the real estate industry, must consider one point: Is it beneficial to expand the middle-income class, or harm their interests?