Chapter 38 Chapter Thirty-Six Beware of "Out-of-Form" Cadre Exchange System

It is necessary to further improve the cadre exchange system and play its due positive role from the perspective of purging the administration of officials. "This position has not been filled yet, the situation below has not been figured out, and I have to communicate with other places, so I can't really do something with peace of mind." A few days ago, a friend of the reporter who was exchanging cadres in a southern county whose term of office was about to expire seemed confused and agitated. have no choice. According to reports, my country's cadre exchange system refers to the exchange of cadres from party and government agencies, enterprises and institutions by the party committees (party groups) and their organizational (personnel) departments at all levels in accordance with the management authority of cadres, in the form of transfer, rotation, transfer, and secondment. exchange of jobs.

"The original intention of implementing the cadre exchange system is not only to train and train cadres, but also to prevent corruption such as nepotism, mistakes in employment, distortion of inspections, and mutual protection between officials and officials." Professor Gong Weibin of the National School of Administration said in an interview with reporters. During the investigation, the reporter learned that in recent years, the implementation of the cadre exchange system has produced some undesired negative effects, and certain "derived" phenomena should be highly valued.

In 1990, the Central Committee issued the "Regulations on the Implementation of the Party and State Leading Cadre Exchange System", which made clear regulations and requirements. In 1994, at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee, the importance of cadre exchanges was reiterated again, and the system of leading cadre exchanges was improved from multiple levels. On July 9, 2002, the "Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government" promulgated by the central government stipulated that the avoidance exchange system for leading cadres should be implemented. Avoidance is the widest and has the greatest impact.

On August 6, 2006, the central government promulgated the "Regulations on the Exchange of Party and Government Leading Cadres", which further refined and improved the regulations on the exchange of leading cadres. In the "Civil Servants Law" that has been implemented, it has become the content of the eleventh chapter and has risen to the level of law. "Currently, the cadre exchange system is mainly carried out between the upper and lower levels, between regions, between regions and departments, between party and government agencies, as well as between coastal areas and inland areas, between economically developed and relatively backward areas." Nankai University Professor Qi Shanhong, doctoral supervisor, introduced to the reporter.

It is understood that in the past cadre exchanges in various places, the targets of implementation were basically the leading members of local party committees and governments above the county level, the main leading members of discipline inspection committees, people's courts, people's procuratorates, party committees, and some government departments. Statistics show that since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, more than 100 leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels have been exchanged between the central and local governments.From 2003 to the end of 2006, a total of 1.394 million leading cadres at all levels were exchanged across the country, including 9,000 at the prefectural and departmental level and 135,000 at the county and department level.

Recently, the exchange of party and government leaders and cadres in various places has continued to increase.For example, municipal government agencies in Chongqing launched a thousand division-level civil servants to exchange jobs; Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, organized a large-scale "changing of jobs" at the city and county levels, and carried out cross-department competition for middle-level cadres; Zhuzhou County, Hunan Province launched a "general cadre conference". communication", and so on. "Large-scale cadre exchanges can also allow cadres to understand the actual situation in the local area and strengthen the connection between poor areas and other areas. At the same time, it is also conducive to keeping cadres from the masses, cultivating a hard and simple style of work, and facilitating communication between superiors and subordinates." Mao Shoulong, a professor at the Department of Administration and Management of Renmin University of China, believes that.

Generally speaking, county-level leaders who have the most influence on the local economy usually spend 3 to 5 years in a local exchange. In the hands of superior leaders and party committees who have the power to appoint them. Many interviewees believe that this "upward responsibility" interest orientation can easily lead cadres to seldom consider the long-term development plans of localities or departments and the long-term interests of the masses when making decisions; Faster and faster projects are relatively favored. "If you don't conduct an in-depth investigation and research on the place where you exchange positions, you will never be able to be the main leader." Yin Yungong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with reporters. The phenomenon is so common that it has caused some major decision-making mistakes, which is not unrelated to the shortcomings of the cadre exchange system."

The interviewees also reported that although the exchange of cadres in important departments and key positions can avoid the formation of a nepotism network to a certain extent, some cadres use the opportunity of exchanges to form cliques and weave good official relations for their future promotion. , On the contrary, the situation of mutual protection between officials and officials is more popular. "These cadres work in different places. Due to their unknown background and opaque social relations, the local people and cadres dare not supervise them, and they are unable to supervise them, which invisibly increases the chances of cadre corruption." Xiao Wang, a young civil servant in Beijing's Daxing District, said: told reporters.

What is worthy of vigilance is that some cadres take advantage of the opportunity of adjustment to operate in the dark so that some relatives, cronies, and friends can quietly be placed in desirable places or positions during the communication process, so as to lay out a network of human resources for their future development. . "The exchange of leading cadres is a big collective action. There are both horizontal transfers and regional transfers with obvious ups and downs. The subtleties are little known." Yin Yungong believes, "In order to avoid being exchanged to places I don't want to go Localities and positions, some leading cadres regard those who have adjustment power as objects of worship, and strengthen 'connection' before exchanges, which has spawned a market of 'running for officials, buying and selling officials'."

Judging from previous reports, there are many such major cases.For example, the case of Ma De, the former Party Secretary of Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province, the case of selling officials, the case of Liu Bingwang, the former Party Secretary of Luohe City, Henan Province, the case of Zhang Zhian, the "Secretary of the White House" in Fuyang, Anhui Province, and the case of Zhang Gaiping, the former Party Secretary of Shangzhou District, Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province. Cases, etc., many of these power-money transactions are completed in the form of "cadre exchanges". From October 2002 to October 2003, Gong Weibin once held the post of deputy mayor of Haimen City, Jiangsu Province, and was familiar with the exchange of cadres.

"Most of the time, the transfer and resettlement of the family members of the cadres being exchanged is often not solved simultaneously, which has a considerable impact on married life, support for the elderly, and children's education." Gong Weibin said frankly. It is undeniable that in real life, some exchange officials and their husbands and wives live apart for a long time, and their emotional communication and married life are in an extremely abnormal situation, which not only affects the relationship between husband and wife, but also lays the groundwork for the occurrence of extramarital affairs and extramarital sex; directly jeopardizes the stability of the family, and even leads to criminal cases. This is a case that shocked the whole country - Duan Yihe, the former director of the Standing Committee of the Jinan Municipal People's Congress, lived in a hotel when he was working in a different place, and developed Liu Haiping, a waiter in the hotel where he was staying, into a mistress.Later, the relationship deteriorated because of Liu Haiping's insatiable greed. On July 9, 2007, Duan Yihe hired murderers to blow up the car Liu Haiping was driving in downtown Jinan, killing him on the spot and sending himself to the "guillotine". During the interview, the reporter found that many people also complained about the cost of cadre exchanges.Due to exchanging positions in different places, cadres often have to go home to reunite with their families. Many places solve the transportation problem of cadres visiting relatives by arranging bus transfers, which exacerbates the phenomenon of private use of public cars. "Cadres go home to visit relatives, and they are generally unwilling to take public transportation like ordinary people." A friend who works as the mayor's secretary in a certain city in Yunnan Province told reporters that most of the time, full-time drivers are used to pick up and drop off long distances, and some leaders drive their own buses. Gasoline fees, bridge tolls, tolls, etc. add up to a staggering annual expense. "It is not realistic for these expenses to be borne by the leading cadres personally, so naturally they will be reimbursed with public funds." Some grassroots people also reported to reporters that some exchange cadres went home to reunite with their wives and children on weekends and holidays, and it was difficult to find them if there was an emergency in the local area. The reporter also learned that some cadres exchange positions and feel that they will leave in three or five years, so they are not willing to bring their families.Most of the exchange cadres are basically arranged to stay in high-end hotels in the local area.The resulting expenses are also reimbursed from public funds.For example, the average nightly accommodation fee is about 300 yuan, and the annual cost per person is also an astonishing figure. According to reports, on January 6, 2009, a fire broke out in a hotel in Changfeng County, Anhui Province, killing one of four county leaders and injuring three.Judging from the data, the four county leaders who were killed or injured were all exchange cadres who came to Changfeng County from other places, and they have been staying in hotels. A number of interviewed experts and cadres reported to the reporter that there are loopholes in the current cadre exchange system, which shows that it is necessary to further improve this system from the perspective of cleaning up officials, so that it can play its due role in stabilizing the overall situation, promoting exchanges, and ensuring government orders. Unimpeded positive effect. "The job target responsibility system should be implemented for cadre exchanges, and the assessment results should be used as an important basis for cadre exchanges, promotion, use, and rewards and punishments." Yin Yungong believes, "In the assessment, not only the evaluation of superiors, but also the evaluation of the masses should be valued. Only thorough Only by changing the mentality of the communication cadres' "only the top" can they take root in the grassroots with peace of mind and sincerely do things for the masses." For this reason, Yin Yungong suggested: "For the evaluation of the performance of exchange cadres during their term of office, it is necessary to organically combine long-term benefits with short-term benefits and increase incentives. For exchange cadres with outstanding performance, especially in difficult areas, and recognized by the masses , can be promoted and used first. For those who are poor in completing tasks and basically incompetent after the assessment, the necessary organizational treatment should be given depending on the specific situation." During the interviews, the interviewees generally suggested that, in order to facilitate the supervision of local people and cadres, the basic information of exchanged cadres should be made public.Including: publishing and exchanging the knowledge background, working history, work performance, job responsibilities and job commitments of the cadres who serve; in addition, on the basis of implementing the "Regulations on the Reporting of Major Personal Matters by Leading Cadres", it is necessary to publish their housing, investment, spouse and children Employment etc. "In order for young cadres to really settle down and take root at the grassroots level, it is necessary not only to put forward clear tasks and requirements for exchange cadres, strengthen public opinion assessment, but also actively explore the establishment of a system for the higher-level party and government organs to select cadres from the grassroots level. .” Gong Weibin thought. Many interviewed experts also believe that the main leaders of the party committee can exchange positions in different places, but the main leaders of the government should try their best to be produced locally.Their reason is that for the development of a place, a well-thought-out long-term plan can only be made on the premise of being familiar with the local conditions.In this way, under the premise of ensuring that the party committee takes control of the overall situation, it can not only ensure the continuity, stability and effectiveness of the work, but also mobilize the enthusiasm of the cadres. According to experts, the United States is one of the countries with the most complete electoral system, but the constitutions of each state stipulate that candidates for governor must live in the state for a certain number of years. A person who has not previously resided in this State for four years shall not be elected Governor or Lieutenant Governor." "Aiming at the cost problems caused by exchanges in different places, the relevant departments should formulate corresponding supporting countermeasures." Qi Shanhong believes that "leading cadres should bring their families with them in principle when they exchange in different places, and the place of acceptance must properly handle the schooling and work of the family members and children of the exchange cadres." Arrangement issues, coordinate and solve the housing problem of exchange cadres within the scope of the policy; if it is inconvenient to bring family members, appropriate subsidies for family visits will be given. As for other life, family visits, etc. are purely personal matters, the unit is not allowed to pay the bill, and private vehicles are strictly controlled. The phenomenon of use." According to the interviewed experts, the key to reducing the problems in the exchange of cadres is to further expand democracy, increase the supervision of the masses, introduce a competitive selection mechanism, and improve the selection of exchange candidates. This is the fundamental solution.