Chapter 114 3. Western Development
When the Chinese people first tasted the fruits of reform and opening up, and became more determined to follow the road of reform and opening up, the economic gap between the east and the west also widened significantly.At the turn of the century, the third-generation central leadership group with Jiang Zemin at the core proposed a coordinated regional economic development strategy, and more talents and investments flocked to the hot land of western China again, once again singing the prelude to love beyond the Great Wall.
For people in the coastal areas, the west of China is full of romance and legends, where there are magnificent scenery and simple people.However, in western China, quite a few areas still remain in the economic and cultural state dominated by farming, and the people live in poverty.The western region is located inland, and it is the second and third level of China's terraced terrain, which is high in the west and low in the east. The complex terrain such as mountains, plateaus, and basins further strengthens the closed consciousness of farming culture. The production motivation of "raising cattle for plowing and growing grain for food", the life pattern of "working at sunrise and resting at sunset", the development consciousness of "smooth wealth is peace, and small progress is full", and the resulting A series of backward concepts, not only in the vast rural areas of the west, but also in the cities of the west.Due to natural, historical, and social reasons, the economic development of the western region is relatively backward, and the per capita GDP is less than 40% of the average level of the eastern region. It is urgent to accelerate the pace of reform, opening up and modernization.
On June 17, 1999, at the symposium on the reform and development of state-owned enterprises in the five northwestern provinces, Jiang Zemin emphasized that it is necessary to "seize the historical opportunity at the turn of the century and accelerate the pace of development in the western region". We will gradually increase support for the western region; on the basis of fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of the western region, through policy guidance, attract domestic and foreign funds, technology, talents, etc. to invest in development, and promote the population, Coordinated development of resources, environment and economy and society.
In January 2000, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward clear requirements for the implementation of the Western Development Strategy.The overall strategic goal of the western development is: after several generations of efforts, when the country basically realizes modernization in the middle of the 21st century, fundamentally change the relatively backward appearance of the western region, and strive to build a country with beautiful mountains and rivers, economic prosperity, social progress, A new west where the nationalities are united and the people are prosperous.
Since the implementation of the Western Development Initiative, great changes have taken place in the western region's economic development, urban and rural appearance, and the ecological environment in some areas.
According to statistics, the GDP of western China reached 3.33 trillion yuan in 2005, double that of 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 10.6%. The average annual growth rate of disposable income of urban residents and net income of rural residents reached 10% and 6.8% respectively.
The state has also continued to increase investment in infrastructure construction in the west. From 2000 to 2005, a total of 70 major projects in transportation, water conservancy, energy, and communication have been started in the western region, including Qinghai-Tibet Railway, West-to-East Electricity Transmission, West-to-East Gas Transmission, and Water Conservancy Projects. The total investment scale is about 1 trillion yuan.
Along with economic development, the ecological environment in the western region has also improved. From 2000 to 2005, the central government invested a total of more than 122 billion yuan in five major ecological construction projects in the western region, including returning farmland to forests, returning grazing land to grasslands, natural forest protection, shelterbelt construction, and Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control, comprehensive prevention and control of water and soil erosion, the Three Gorges reservoir area, More than 45 billion yuan has been spent on water pollution prevention and control in the Dianchi Lake Basin, comprehensive treatment of the Tarim River, and pollution control in central cities.Forest and grass vegetation in some parts of the western region has increased significantly, and the area of water and soil erosion has begun to decline, realizing the transformation that the area of desertification control is greater than the area of expansion.
In addition, the state has invested more than 31 billion yuan to support the construction of rural infrastructure. In addition to extending the road network to all counties in the west, 99% of the towns and towns in the west have been connected to electricity through projects such as rural power grid reconstruction, and more than 36.6 million people have been solved. 1.22 million impoverished people living in areas with fragile ecological environments and no basic living conditions have been implemented ecological migration.
Notes:
Notes: