Chapter 90 3. Zhang Juzheng with split personality

From then on, Zhang Juzheng dominated the imperial court, and Gan Gang was arbitrary. If you want to realize your political ideals in life and do something practical for the emperor, you must firmly grasp power and never loosen it.So Zhang Juzheng personally served as the little emperor's teacher, teaching the little emperor to read, while frantically carrying out economic reforms, and making a big deal of the "one whip method", that is, all the agricultural taxes are packaged and collectively called agricultural taxes-he lacks great virtues .He only thought of reducing the burden on farmers here, but he didn't think about reducing the agricultural tax on your side, and combining thousands of taxes and fees into one title. The consequence of this is that a group of guys will come out within a few days : "Well, farmers' taxes are too small, how can there be only one item, plus eight thousand eight hundred and eighty-eight items, high taxes are the glory of low-income people."

Regarding Zhang Juzheng's reform, there are at least thousands of books discussing this matter, and everyone agrees to reduce the burden on farmers. Isn't that good?But all the comments intentionally or unintentionally avoid the non-institutional nature of this reform and the collapse of the empire caused by Zhang Juzheng's kick.Once the evaluation of anything avoids the final consequences, the conclusion is of course good and good.But to be honest, Zhang Juzheng was the first person to destroy the Ming Empire. The reason is that his reforms were so good that if he stepped forward and kicked him, the entire empire would perish.

To evaluate Zhang Juzheng's reform objectively, we must go back to the source and talk about the influence of Chinese reformers on history.In this field alone, there are four famous people in Chinese history. The first one was Shang Yang. In Shang Yang's time in China, the terrible monster of royal power did not exist. At that time, the monarch had great power, but it was restricted by his subordinates.Ministers have their own feudal territories, their own private armed forces, and legislative and judicial powers within their sphere of influence.All in all, before Shang Yang, China was in the standard orthodox feudal era. The so-called feudalists also established feudal states—for example, Zhou Tianzi won the world, and he had to feudal princes. A prince is a country and has a legal country. Government structure and organization.In this kind of feudal society, the power structure has formed a natural check and balance. Within a country, your monarch can't do whatever he wants. You have to win votes and win the support of most of your subjects.On the contrary, if there is no support from the subordinates, the order of the monarch is like a hammer, and no one will listen to you.That is to say, before Shang Yang, Qin State was not an autocratic and centralized state, but a feudal state with a relatively loose power system.But Qin Guoguo hated this mutually restrictive power structure, so he issued a warm call to the intellectuals-who can help me realize the dictatorship of power, let me kill whoever I want, and play with as many women as I want Just play with as many women as you want...Who is willing to do me this little favor?

In theory, no one should be willing to do such an immoral thing.Oh, you help an ambitious man realize his desire for dictatorship, and let him ravage the people of the world as much as possible, but you yourself do not get the slightest benefit from it. It is a typical example of harming others and benefiting yourself. How could someone do such a thing? However, this kind of person—Shang Yang—jumped out of history abruptly, and has since grabbed the attention of the world, causing people to be eternally confused about this person's intelligence. This kind of confusion is—is Shang Yang's IQ high or low?

If someone dares to say that he is low, it is definitely a wrong judgment.You know, in order to help Qin build a perfect dictatorship, Shang Yang racked his brains and came up with countless ways.He first destroyed the people's right to move freely - before him, the people had the right to move freely, but after Shang Yang, the people's power was abolished, and the county system was realized, and all people followed the structure of the military camp. They lived together in rows, and ten families were only allowed to own one kitchen knife—before that, people also had the right to own weapons.The people have weapons, which can protect themselves and resist tyranny. However, Shang Yang successfully abolished the self-defense power of the people, which led to the dominance of the royal power. Without the slightest ability to resist - not even a weapon, what a fart you are for resisting.

A large number of liberal intellectuals firmly disagree with Shang Yang's spoof.Shang Yang also has a way to kill all these intellectuals. The totalitarian system needs stupid and stupid people, and intellectuals are to enlighten the people, so intellectuals are the natural enemies of power.Kill, kill them all. It is said that Shang Yang especially hated the free intellectuals who opposed his reform. When killing these intellectuals, he worked tirelessly to kill them until the river was blood red and the river was blocked by their bodies. Intellectuals are all intelligent and thoughtful, but Shang Yang alone can kill all the intellectuals in Qin, do you still dare to say that his IQ is not high?

The intellectuals were finally wiped out, and the Qin State successfully achieved dictatorship—wait a minute, it seems that there is another intellectual who was left out. who is it?It was Shang Yang himself. According to historical records, after Shang Yang killed all the intellectuals, the dictatorship of Qin State emerged, and the knife of dictatorship came to him first.The old man looked up to the sky and shouted: "Where are the intellectuals? Faced with such an injustice, isn't it the time for you to stand up?" As I said, he has already killed all the intellectuals, and the dead cannot stand up again. Out.

So Shang Yang fled starry night, but he had successfully transformed Qin State into a super-sized prison, even if he had eight legs, he couldn't escape.Not long after he escaped, he was discovered by the piercing masses of the people and turned over to the judiciary on the spot. The dictator of the state of Qin is enjoying the pleasure of totalitarianism. The dictator is grateful from the bottom of his heart for the contribution of people like Shang Yang.How about a method of gratitude?Get five carriages, one carriage pulls Shang Yang's head, two pulls his arms, and two pulls his legs. The five carriages are heading in five different directions. When they hear a "boom", Shang Yang, the chief engineer of the dictatorship empire, So torn apart.

Shang Yang was torn apart by a car, and an idiom was left in history-the practice of self-destruction-it said that a heartless person like Shang Yang helped the evil ruler to build an iron cage of power, and finally ruined the premise of the people's well-being He also ruined his own life. Ordinarily, the idiom of self-destruction is put here, and Shang Yang's fate is a warning to the world. No one will be as stupid as him in the future, right? Not that good!In human nature, there is a kind of stupid nature. The more things are not beneficial to the people, the more emotional they will be.During the reign of Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty, there was another eccentric named Chao Cuo who hurriedly jumped into history, followed in Shang Yang's footsteps, and repeated the ultimate human stupidity.

It is said that the Western Han Empire was founded by Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Han Dynasty. It learned the experience and lessons of the Tyrant Qin’s dominance and unrestricted power, and restored the system of feudal states and state building to a limited extent. Some small states of the Liu family with independent administrative power.Speaking of which, these small states are all from the Liu family, and their power is extremely limited, so they do not pose a substantial threat to the Central Empire. But despite this, Emperor Han Jing at that time still felt extremely uncomfortable.He shouted loudly: "If you want dictatorship, you want power without any restrictions...Learn from Shang Yang, who will help me build a dictatorship system?"

Upon hearing Emperor Han Jing's request, all the ministers hurriedly hid.Only a man named Chao Cuo jumped out suddenly, patted his chest and shouted: "Your Majesty, I think it's a big deal, isn't it just a dictatorship, small thing, look, I'll help you settle it... " So Chao Cuo began to "cut the vassal", which means to cancel the administrative, legislative, judicial and military powers of the small states established by Liu Bang.The nations were so angry that they cursed Chao Cuo one after another.As a result, Chao Cuo's father heard about it, and the old man leaned on his cane tremblingly, came to his son, and said, "Little Cuo, do you have something wrong with your brain? You have to deal with the affairs of the Liu family. What are you messing around with? Let people scold your ancestors for eight generations?" Chao Cuo said: "Father, you are too confused. Don't talk nonsense about things you don't understand. I am helping the emperor establish a dictatorial system. Think about it, how majestic an emperor with dictatorial power is." Chao Cuo's father was so angry that he cursed: "Why did I give birth to such a heartless son like you? I would rather let the whole family be killed by others, just to help others establish a dictatorship, you, you, you... Forget it, I will take the poison first." Now, so as not to be like you, let others snap a knife..." After saying that, old man Chao committed suicide by taking medicine. Seeing that the old man had taken poison, Chao Cuo finally felt resentful: "You say you old man, I just help the emperor establish an unrestricted dictatorship, what kind of poison are you taking?" Just when he was depressed, someone from the palace suddenly came and said It was Emperor Jing who asked Chao to go over to discuss how to be dictatorial. Chao Cuo excitedly left the door, halfway, but saw the carriage turned around and went straight to the execution ground.Chao Cuo was very surprised, and asked, "Why are we going to the execution ground?" The other party replied: "Old Chao, you are not so careless, are you? Of course you will be killed if you go to the execution ground." Chao Cuo didn't understand: "Why?" Why do you want to kill me?" The other party told him: "Aren't you helping the emperor create totalitarianism? What is totalitarianism for? The emperor can kill whoever he wants, and kill whoever he wants. Now the emperor just wants to kill you, don't you? Do you still dare to have an opinion?" Chao Cuo: "...I didn't say that I have an opinion." The other party said: "It's just fine if you don't have an opinion, watch it, this is a knife..." Click, Chao Cuo was cut in half. Shang Yang of the Qin State and Chao Cuo of the Western Han Dynasty, these two eccentrics who helped the emperor realize his dictatorial power, have since become warning lights in history. Anyone who thinks of them will feel a "thump" in his heart.Therefore, for a long period of time after that, the candidates behind Chao Cuo were always vacant. It was not until the birth of Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty that this historical blank was barely filled. However, there is a clear difference between Wang Anshi and the heartless Shang Yang and Chao Cuo.Shang Yang and Chao Cuo were committed to the absolute concentration and monopoly of power, and they were regarded as political reformers.However, Wang Anshi's reforms were concentrated in the economic field, and he could only be regarded as an economic reformer at best. However, Wang Anshi's economic reforms were also severely criticized by famous ministers Sima Guang and Su Dongpo, who accused him of competing with the people for profit. But why was Wang Anshi so accused? This is because Wang Anshi's reform was a policy during the economic crisis of the Northern Song Empire.At that time, there was a serious deficit in the Northern Song Dynasty's finances, and all the taxes collected were not enough to pay the salaries of the country's civil servants.So Wang Anshi suggested: "Why don't we reform, um, such a reform, the state buys some grain, lends it to the people, and let the people farm the land. When the autumn harvest comes, the state will take back the principal and loan, and let the people pay a hundred dollars." Twenty-tenths of the interest, can you all see if this works?" This method of Wang Anshi has a well-known name in history, which is called the "green crop method". So, is this young crop method good or not, and does it work? Objectively speaking, this method is really good and really works.Today, many big-name countries in Europe and the United States are still secretly copying Wang Anshi's method, but they have never paid a penny for the patent-but there is one thing, Wang Anshi's method can be used by anyone, and it can be used in a hundred ways, except for China. People can't use it, especially during the Northern Song Dynasty, let alone use it, and it will definitely cause bad things if it is used. why? This is because China under totalitarianism is a power society, not an economic society like the West.Power means inequality - equality means failure of power.The economic society is equal and contractual.To put it simply, economic change is a law based on equality, and this law is unimpeded in the economic society.Once you fall into a power society, it is like a bird falling into the sea, a fish falling into the sand, and there is no more mantra to chant. Reflected in real life, Wang Anshi's economic policies are applied in Western society in a contractual and egalitarian manner. The government that formulates policies is equal to the people and acts according to the law.If the government dares to act recklessly, the common people will let you step down immediately.However, when used in a society of power, any economic policy will become an excuse for the government to take advantage of it, because the government can change the rules of the game at any time, and do whatever they want to win, making the common people cry and grab the land, with nowhere to reason. Therefore, Wang Anshi's economic policy, when used in Western countries, becomes more effective the more it is used.However, it was used in the Northern Song Dynasty in China, but there were endless corpses of desperate people hanging from trees in the wilderness.And this means that Wang Anshi's economic reform, no matter how you say it, is correct, no matter how you listen to it, it makes sense, but the actual practice is not working well-the reform has failed. After Wang Anshi's reform failed, the court held him accountable and exiled him from the capital.After leaving Beijing, he hurried forward to check the darkness, and found an inn to stay.The owner of this inn is a fat woman, and there is a pig at home.After Wang Anshi settled down, he saw the fat woman carrying a bucket of slops, walked to the pigsty, and shouted: "Wang Anshi, Wang Anshi, your mother is eating slops..." and the pig let out a joyous cry. , ran over, snoring and drinking swill. It turned out that the pig's name was also Wang Anshi. At that time, Wang Anshi was so angry, he said to this fat lady, we have no grievances in the past, and we have no grievances in the near future. Do you dare to abuse me like this and call a pig my name?Holding back his breath, he asked, "This fat lady, why does your pig have such a strange name?" The fat lady sneered and said, "Do you think this name is strange? I think it is just right. Look at Wang Anshi, isn't he even stupider than my pig? No matter how stupid my pig is, at most it is If you eat fat and get stabbed again, you will be stupid. But what about Wang Anshi? He has a good life, but he wakes up at five o'clock and sleeps in the middle of the night. How many good and innocent people have been killed by the emperor's family eating Haisai? Now that the emperor's family is full, what will happen to Wang Anshi? Isn't it like my pig, just a knife... Hey, tell me , is this Wang Anshi three points more stupid than my pig?" Hearing what the fat lady said, Wang Anshi stared blankly at the fat lady without saying a word, but saw that his beard and hair all turned white in an instant. Wang Anshi didn't realize the futility of making wedding clothes for others until he was killed by others. Everyone knows that it is the most stupid thing to do for power. From Wang Anshi onwards, history has been blank for a long time, and no reformers have come to add chaos.But in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Juzheng rushed out of history and fixed himself in an ambiguous era. Among the four members of the Reform Committee, Shang Yang, Chao Cuo, Wang Anshi, and Zhang Juzheng, Wang Anshi was the most famous;No matter what the ranking is, Zhang Juzheng can only be ranked at the bottom, and has no chance to enter the top three. However, Zhang Juzheng's measures are inclusive and reserved, all for my own use.To put it simply, Zhang Juzheng's reforms inherited Shang Yang's spirit, Chao Cuo's thoughts, and Wang Anshi's measures-in a word, Zhang Juzheng alone gave all the work of Shang Yang, Chao Cuo, and Wang Anshi's old brothers. Done. What have you done? Zhang Juzheng's approach is nothing more than the effect of Shang Yang, Chao Cuo, and Wang Anshi, which is to further strengthen the royal dictatorship, and then pour all the food from the bowls of the common people into the plates of the emperor's old man-on the surface, it is to reduce the burden on farmers. The implementation of tax reform, but the final result is nothing more than making the common people pay more. It's that simple. So, again, whether it is Shang Yang, Chao Cuo, Wang Anshi, or Zhang Juzheng, why do these people want to deprive the common people of their interests in order to let the emperor's family live well? It's boring to say why, just because they understand this and can do these things-this is like a person with singing talent, whether he is squatting on the toilet in the bathroom or lying on the operating table in the hospital However, his throat was always itchy, and he had to hum a few times, otherwise he would be unhappy. Zhang Juzheng and the others are exactly this kind of people. They know how to exploit the common people and make them cry in misery.So they couldn't hold back and wanted to see if the final result was as interesting as they thought. It is indeed interesting! In order to reform, Zhang Juzheng became cruel. He deliberately played himself as a strict father image. When the little emperor was studying, whenever he mispronounced a word, he would mercilessly repair the little things.The purpose is to strengthen his authority in the little emperor's heart and strengthen his influence on the little emperor.However, he only cared about having fun, but completely ignored the sadness in the little emperor's heart. The official historian didn't understand psychology, so he took a small notebook and memorized it blindly, closed his eyes and insisted that the little emperor was very grateful for Zhang Juzheng's teachings, and even gave Zhang Juzheng a handwritten letter, which read: "Be loyal to a great honor, words can't be exhausted, officials I can’t pay you.” It means, Teacher Zhang, your contribution is too great, your sense of responsibility for education is too strong, no matter what official you are given, I will not be able to live up to your hard work——Yu Even if you come to be the emperor, historians can't see such a clear implication, which is really strange. You must know that the little emperor Zhu Yijun was fed as a dead person in Prince Yu's Mansion as early as the beginning of his personality formation at the age of four.His father, Zhu Zaihou, lived under the catastrophe of extinction every day, waiting in fear for Emperor Jiajing's insanity after taking the elixir, and ordered his whole family to be strangled to death.It can be imagined that the environment Zhu Yijun lives in is full of resentment and fear. Despair and hatred are like poisonous juice filled with lead, soaking his young heart thoroughly.When the child was four years old, the child formed his personality for the first time. At this time, he didn't even have a name.In other words, Zhu Yijun is doomed to be a lonely ghost, he will live his whole life, and he will never be able to figure out who he is! The personality formed when a child is four years old is the dividing line between him and the world. From then on, he will deeply realize that he is an independent living entity and develop a strong self-awareness.In the case of Zhu Yijun, his ego is bound to be produced in response to age, but he cannot be sure what he is.All the factors that threaten his personality are only fear and hatred, hatred! Zhu Yijun sat respectfully in front of the desk, blinked his innocent eyes, and listened intently to Zhang Juzheng's nonsense.However, this is just a conditioned reflex formed in his miserable life. If he hadn't forced himself to be so obedient, he would have been strangled to death by his grandfather Jiajing long ago, and he would never have survived today. He's survived, and he wants to live, and that's the only reason he makes himself seem docile and sweet. Psychology tells us that if a person is under the strong pressure of Zhu Yijun since childhood, then the instinct of human nature will make him choose to escape and escape to another personality.In other words, poor Zhu Yijun, after some scientific and standardized training by Zhang Juzheng, finally split his personality. From then on, Zhu Yijun's soul was divided into two. In front of Zhang Juzheng, he was an exceptionally smart young thinker with unique insights into the collection of classics and history.One day, when Zhang Juzheng was giving a lecture, Zhu Yijun said with deep emotion: "The treasure of the country is the wise men and ministers, such as gold and jade, what use is it for the country?" Zhang Juzheng was moved to tears at that time , Said: "My child, if you can understand this truth, I will feel relieved." Zhu Yijun sent Teacher Zhang out respectfully, "Teacher, please go slowly." Turning around, he already held a sharp sword in his hand, with a sharp blade, pointing directly at a little maid: "Come here, take off my clothes for me!" It's gone." The little palace maid was stunned: "Your Majesty, what are you going to do?" Zhu Yijun stared at him, "What are you doing? I can do whatever I want, can you fucking control me?" , slashed down with the sword, and slashed at the little maid. The little palace lady was not a vegetarian either, she reacted quickly, and immediately used Lingbo microsteps, and fled far away with a "chuck".Zhu Yijun gritted his steel teeth, stared strangely, and chased after him.At this time, a group of court ladies swarmed up, hurriedly set Zhu Yijun up, and tried to persuade him: "Little Majesty, why are you so angry, you little bastard? She is ignorant, what should I do?" If you punish him, just punish him... cut off his hair to compensate you, okay?" Zhu Yijun was single and lonely, and couldn't beat so many aunts and elder sisters, so he gave in angrily, and didn't want the head of the little palace lady, and temporarily cut off her hair to fill the number. There are different teachings: the little emperor has a split personality, and the old teacher has a broken heart.After this incident, the Empress Dowager Li was very angry, and the consequences were serious. She asked the imperial teacher Zhang Juzheng to write an inspection immediately and knelt on the ground to reflect on her mistakes.Zhang Juzheng checked and wrote, kneeled and knelt, and reflected on his mistakes, but he was a little confused when he stood up-this little emperor has something wrong with his brain, it's none of my business, he actually asked me to do an inspection! Forget it, stop being angry with these weirdos, hurry up and go back to reform.